All articles - Endocrinology and Metabolism
Number of articles: 300
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THE ROLE OF OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY WITH ANGIOGRAPHY IN THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHYThis article provides a review of modem literature on the role of optical-coherent tomography with angiography (OCT-A) in diagnosis of diabetic rctinopathy.Oct-A makes it possible to detect microvascular changes in the macular area in diabetes even in the earliest stages of the disease, when there are no manifestations of DR on the eye day. The results of the study showed the absence of a clinical database of О KT-A among the healthy population of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Until now, clinical studies have been carried out in diabetic retinopathy, depending on the severity of the disease. In this regard, the study of OCT-A in the early stage of diabetes mellitus is a popular diagnostic method, which allows preventing formidable complications of the organ of vision.
Medicine and innovations -
METHODS OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE KIDNEYS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUSThis review article presents the results of studies in recent years to assess the structural and functional state of the kidneys in patients with diabetes mellitus. The data on pathogenesis and diagnostic markers in patients with diabetic nephropathy arc presented. Diabetic nephropathy is a common microvascular complication in diabetes mellitus (DM); the incidence of CKD ranges from 20 to 40% in patients with diabetes, inadequate glycemic control is considered the main risk factor for the development and progression of diabetic kidney damage. Diabetic nephropathy significantly reduces the quality of life in patients with diabetes mellitus. Early diagnosis of DN makes it possible to identify and prevent the development of renal complications in diabetes mellitus. Good nutrition, healthy lifestyle, symptomatic treatment and glycemic control are the main components of the treatment of DN.
Medicine and innovations -
ASSESSMENT OF THE MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATUS OF THE THYROID GLAND AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF LADIGINOZID AND HEDERAGENINA comparative assessment of the effects of ladylginoside and hederagenin on the morph functional status of the thyroid gland was carried out. Ladyginoside is a sum of triterpene glycosides. It was obtained at the laboratory of glycosides of the Institute of Plant Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan (Head - Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Professor N.K. Abubakirov) from the plant Ladiginia bucharica, which grows on the territory of Uzbekistan. Hederagenin is a non-sugar part - the aglycone of ladiginoside, obtained there by synthesis and is considered as a possible active ingredient. For the purpose of confirming the assumption in experimental tests, the morphofunctional status of the thyroid gland was evaluated during administration of ladylginoside and hederagenin. The experimental search results proved the fact, that ladyginoside causes changes in morphofunctional indicators of the thyroid gland, indicating an increase in its function. The experimental study revealed that introduction of hederagenin causes shifts of morphofunctional activity of the thyroid gland similar to ladyginoside, which allows, with a high degree of probability, to consider hederagenin as pharmacologically active agent of ladyginoside.
Medicine and innovations -
HISTOMORPHOMETRY OF THE ADENOHYPOPHYSIS AND THYROID GLAND UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF LADIGINOZID IN EXPERIMENTThe effect of ladyginoside on histomorphometry of the adenohypophysis and thyroid gland in the experiment was estimated. Ladyginoside is a sum of triterpene glycosides obtained from the roots of the native plant Ladiginia Bucharica in the laboratory of glycosides of the Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan (Head - Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Professor N.K. Abubakirov). Previously conducted comprehensive studies have proven the hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic properties of ladyginoside. The search for antiatherosclerotic substances is an urgent problem, since cardiovascular diseases, which are often based on vascular atherosclerosis, remain the leading cause of mortality in the world. The studies on experimental animals considered a possible way of implementation of antiatherosclerotic action of ladylginoside mediated through adenohypophysis and thyroid gland. As a result of the study it was found that ladylginoside causes changes in the histomorphomctric parameters of the adenohypophysis and thyroid gland, indicating an increase in the function of these endocrine organs. The experimental study established that, in addition to the possible direct effect of ladylginoside on the thyroid gland after its absorption and further biotransformation in the body, a likely mechanism of action of the drug through the "pituitary-thyroid" system was determined.
Medicine and innovations -
FEATURES OF THE COURSE AND MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PURULENT-INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE SOFT TISSUES OF THE HEAD AND NECK AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF DIABETES MELLITUSThe features of the course and treatment of purulent-inflammatory diseases of the soft tissues of the head and neck against the background of diabetes mellitus have been studied. It has been established that purulent-inflammatory diseases of the soft tissues of the head and neck occur with the aggravation of the underlying pathology. The results of complex treatment with the use of plant-derived proteolytic enzyme cucumazim, ultrasonic cavitation and autotransfusions of ultraviolet irradiated blood were evaluated. It was found that the chosen integrated approach accelerates the time of wound cleansing from necrotic masses by 3.4 ± 0.4 days, promotes dilution and removal of purulent contents, activates regeneration processes, reduces the time of complete wound healing by 5.6 ± 0.8 days. After the combined use of the proteolytic enzyme cucumazim with ultrasonic cavitation and autotransfusion of irradiated blood with ultraviolet light in the treatment of purulent-inflammatory diseases of the soft tissues of the head and neck, complications or side effects were not observed.
Medicine and innovations -
THE IMPORTANCE OF REDUCING THE LEVEL OF PROTEIN–POLYSACCHARIDE COMPLEXES IN THE PROCESS OF GASTRICDIGESTIONThe effect of gastric hydrolysis of proteins on the formation of protein-polysaccharide complexes was studied. The study was conducted in vitro, gastric juice, starch, casein, albumin solutions, as well as casein and albumin hydrolysates were used in the work. It is concluded that the use of a mixture of starch and casein or albumin contributes to a significant decrease in light transmission, which is the inverse of the increase in turbidity of the solution. Simultaneously, an increase in turbidity may be a consequence of the formation of starch-casein or starch-albumin complexes. Simultaneously, the use of a mixture of starch and casein hydrolysate or albumin hydrolysate contributes to higher light transmission or lower turbidity of the solution, which may be a consequence of the low formation of starch complexes and protein hydrolysates. The obtained results also demonstrate that the hydrolysis of proteins by pepsin of the stomach contributes to a decrease in the number of protein-polysaccharide complexes.
Doctor's Herald -
Thymus is the main secret of medicine (primarily immunology). In the twentieth century, the attitude of scientists to the organ developed as a generator and regulator of immune reactions, a participant in the production of large populations of immunocompetent cells. The thymus is a major component of the immune system and, in many ways, a central organ. Infectious diseases, systemic autoimmune diseases, oncology, the problem of tissue incompatibility determine a person's life, in connection with which there is a growing scientific interest in the study of the immune system and its central organ - the function of the pancreas. The complexity of the study lies in the large number of integral connections with other components of the immune system of the pancreas, neuroendocrine, hematopoietic and connective tissues, organs that provide the barrier function, etc. The interest of pediatricians in this area is associated with a certain understanding of human ontogenesis from birth to old age, where the thymus gland plays an important role in the prenatal and postpartum periods. The purpose of this review is to draw attention to some of the results of inaccurate assessment of functions associated with the diaphragm, its derivatives and the cell membrane. -
It is known that the thymus gland is one of the organs responsible for the main immunity in the body. The thymus gland undergoes evolutionary influence after the age of 14, which leads to a decrease in the body's immune reactivity and a decrease in the protective reaction to any external influences. With age. a person becomes more susceptible to chronic diseases. It should be noted that natural evolutionary processes in the thymus develop early due to morphometric changes observed in the thymus gland after TBI. This leads to premature aging of the body, increased susceptibility to various infectious diseases due to a decrease in immune reactivity. That is. complications from the thymus gland observed after TBI lead to an increase in mortality in young people. -
RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETEThe article presents data from a study that included 150 patients with type 1 diabetes mcllitus (type 1 diabetes) aged 6 to 18 years, who were registered at the Bukhara regional dispensary for 2018 - 2019. The study made it possible to study the clinical and epidemiological indicators of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in the city of Bukhara. We were able to identify priority risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy, which included age, onset of sexual development, anthropometry feature (tall), female sex. Adverse metabolic factors that save the development of diabetic nephropathy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes include high hyperglycemia at the onset of the disease. Arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, development of diabetic retinopathy arc not among the main risk factors for diabetic nephropathy in children and adolescents.
Doctor's Herald -
Causes of culture distribution after amputation at the level of the crus and the way of their prevention in patients with diabetes mellitus in critical ischemia of the lower limbsThe data of transcutaneous oximetry (tpcO2) and microflora from biomaterial taken from muscle tissue m were studied. Soleus amputated limbs due to critical ischemia of the lower limb severe. The results of the study showed that in patients operated on for severe ischemia of the lower limb of a severe degree, the level of tissue hypoxia in terms of tpcO2 was directly proportional to the clinical picture of the disease. During opera-tions at the level of the tibia, according to Mitish, it is necessary to determine the data of transcutaneous oxi-metry (tpcO2) and microflora, to make bacteriological seeding from the soleus muscle tissue, in order to de-termine further targeted treatment
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has reached the scale of a pandemic, is highly contagious, virulent and tropic to many cells of human organs. We have analyzed the development of diabetes mellitus and its renal complications, the spread of kidney diseases in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in post- covid patients with and without diabetes mellitus, hospitalized in the therapeutic and endocrinology department of the UF TMA clinic. The study showed that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for infection and severe course of COVID-19. and vice versa, coronavirus is a trigger for the development of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy. Our study confirmed the published literature that COVID-19 is capable of causing diabetes mellitus, manifesting its latent forms and leading to an aggravation of the disease and its complications -
Possibilities of ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland in children of adolescents in TashkentIn order to study the possibility of early detection of thyroid disease in children using ultrasound, a pre-ventive examination was conducted of 169 schoolchildren, students in grades 5 and 9 of four schools in the Mirzo-Ulugbek district of Tashkent. The results of a survey of adolescents showed that in 153 children, the echographic picture of the thyroid gland corresponded to the age characteristics. The volume of thyroid in children was within the normal range. However, 4 (2.4%) children had colloidal nodes, and colloidal cysts - 12 (7.1%) children. No child had clinical manifestations of dysfunction of the gland. The high frequency of detec-tion of these formations in the older group of children seems to be associated with the acceleration of growth processes. The highest percentage of thyroid gland colloid formations in boys 15–16 years of age corresponds to the active stage of sexual development. Adolescent children are recommended to conduct an ultrasound ex-amination of the thyroid gland for the early detection and prevention of diseases
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
In the progression of diabetic nephropathy, considerable attention is paid to the development of anemia. Л significant reason for the development of anemia in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) with diabetic nephropathy is a decrease in the production of erythropoietin in the peritubular cells of the proximal nephron. Anemia predominates in patients with diabetic nephropathy, it is associated with cardiovascular disease, retinopathy. Anemia begins to develop long before the violation of the filtration function of the kidneys. -
Place of laser photodynamic therapy in the prevention of postoperative complications of diabetic foot syndromeAnalysis of the effectiveness of various methods of postoperative management in patients of the examined groups showed that it is appropriate to reduce postoperative wound compliations and mortality as well as in relation to the wound process on the part of the amputation stump of the lower leg in diabic foot syndrome, is the inclusion in the complex of therapentic measures both during, and after the operating period of laser pho- todynamic therapy, which contributed to a sharp decrease in wound infections from the amputation stump from 37,5% to 7,0%.
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Analysis of changes in the quality of life of patients after the moved high amputation of the lower extremity on the diabetic footThe analysis of the clinical effectiveness of various methods of high amputations of the lower extremities in diabetic foot syndrome and the study of the quality of life of patients showed that the implementation of an improved method of amputation at the level of the lower leg leads to a sharp decrease in mortality, a decrease in the number of postoperative complications. And also creates favorable conditions for prosthetics amputation stump thus contributes to improving the quality of life of patients
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a combination of disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension. Research shows that there is a strong link between MS and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The factors for the development of CKD in metabolic syndrome arc an increased level of insulin and insulin resistance, reactive oxygen species, inflammatory mediators, biologically active substances, hormones, inflammatory cytokin, increased activity of coagulation factors, inhibition of the fibrinolytic system. -
PREVENTION AND SOCIAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE COMPONENTS OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN THE ELDERLY PEOPLEAccording to experts, these diseases are caused by an unhealthy lifestyle, poor diet, and inactivity. The spread of such diseases among the population requires further improvement of methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this urgent medical and social problem. When elderly and elderly patients are complicated by metabolic syndrome. microangiopathy develops in the brain and microthrombi form in the blood vessels, which leads to hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, increased platelet aggregation, impaired fibrinolysis necrosis, insulin resistance. Metabolic syndrome remains one of the most important problems of medicine today and is characterized by an increase in fat mass in the visceral layer of the cornea, decreased sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin and hyperinsulinemia, impaired carbohydrate metabolism, impaired fat metabolism, impaired purine metabolism and increased blood pressure.
Doctor's Herald -
Metabolic syndrome is a polyetiological pathological condition that contributes to the development of many diseases that arc the main cause of disability and high mortality in the population today. Kidney damage in metabolic syndrome is a characteristic change, and microalbuminuria acts as one of the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome. With metabolic syndrome, the risk of developing chronic kidney disease and its severity increase sharply, while there is a direct relationship with the number of symptoms of metabolic syndrome. Data were obtained on the presence of a relationship between chronic kidney disease and all components of the metabolic syndrome, including obesity, insulin resistance, and arterial hypertension. -
Pathogenetic aspects of disorders of carbohydrate and fat metabolism in menopausal womenThe World Health Organization estimates that more than a billion people on the planet are overweight or obese. At the same time, in the countries of Western Europe from 20–25% women are obese. A feature of obesity is that it is often combined with serious diseases that lead to a reduction in the life expectancy of patients: with type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, sleep apnea syndrome, some types of malignant neo-formations, reproductive disorders, diseases of the musculoskeletal system. But the most important aspect of the problem of obesity is its relationship with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is significantly increased is directly proportional to the body mass index and the severity of dyslipidemia. Currently, the number of patients with diabetes is 177 million people, and 90% of patients are patients with type 2 diabetes. Almost over the past 20 years, the number of patients with diabetes in the world has increased by 6 times. By 2020In 2009, the number of patients is projected to increase to 300 million people. It should be noted that women over 45 suffer from DM twice as often as men [1, 2].
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Treatment and prevention of dental diseases in children with diabetes is one of the most important and complex problems of dentistry. Its relevance is characterized by a high frequency of periodentin inflammatory diseases, the occurrence of chronic infections in the body. The increase in the prevalence and intensity of dental diseases is due to the low level of sanitary and hygienic knowledge and skills, irregular visits to the dentist. -
Annotation, /\ccording to the World Health Organization (WHO), drug adverse reactions are harmful or side effects that occur in the body as a result of the use of dnigs to treat, diagnose, or prevent disease. The aim of the study was to study the functional state of the thyroid gland in patients with destructive forms of pulmonary tuberculosis before and after the phase of intensive treatment with anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. We examined patients hospitalized in the Samarkand regional ТВ dispensary, first diagnosed with a destructive form of pulmonary tuberculosis. The results obtained suggest that synthetic analogs of thyroid hormones can serve as a basis for simultaneous use with anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. This allows patients to achieve successful results in the treatment of tuberculosis. -
Influence of anxiety-depressive disorders on the severity of the current and Quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusThis article describes the polymorphism of mental disorders in patients seeking help in medical institutions of a somatic profile, is high. According to the WHO. more than half of patients suffering from moderate to severe somatic diseases have some kind of mental disorder. High prevalence, chronic course of the disease, polyetiology, polymorphism of somatic and mental disorders make diabetes mellitus the most suitable model for the study and systematization of mental disorders in somatic patients.
Doctor's Herald -
Features of сourse of chronic pancreatitis in children with metabolic SyndromeAny young doctor who has just received a diploma knows what chronic pancreatitis (CP) is, but for a doctor, a gastroenterologist, with in-depth study, only one thing becomes more and more obvious - how difficult this issue is. It is enough just to look at how diverse the definitions of this suffering are in domestic and foreign literature.
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
The functional status of residual thyroid tissue after surgery of benign Thyroid diseasesWithin the population surveyed (64) patients were included, 48 women and 16 men, ranging in age from 17 to 72 years. The average age was 44.6±5.3 years, due to the feature of the disease thyroid, more than three times more common in women of working age. Analyses of results show that three or more prognostic factors in maintaining euthyroid in the postoperative period, possible implementation of a Subtotal resection is the preparation of a clinically significant volume of tissue thyroid
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Changes of cardiovascular system in adolescents in obesity and arterial Hypertension61 adolescents with obesity and hypertension were examined. It was revealed that the development of myocardial hypertrophy is affected by body mass, blood pressure level, vasoconstriction processes, as well as insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemia. These parameters can serve as early markers of myocardial hypertrophy. Also, in children with obesity and hypertension, in 1/5 of cases a complete metabolic syndrome was found and in 1/3 of cases an incomplete metabolic syndrome, which requires immediate treatment of this condition, to prevent early complications and disability of adolescents in the adult period
Journal problems of biology and medicine
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