No. 2 (2024) inLibrary

Articles

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  Reflection of the history of khorazm in the early middle ages in the sources Annotation: The article analyzes the main directions and problems of the historiography of the African dynasty (305-995 years), examines such issues as the dynasty's origin and ethnicity, political status, domestic policy, economic and socio-cultural development. Also, the researches of national and foreign historians are analyzed, and the existing gaps and problems in covering the history of Africans are analyzed.

  Dunya Qasimova

  135-141

  28   93

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  Artificial intelligence in orthodontics and its use to assess malocclusion The integration of artificial Intel ligence, especially machine learning, into dentistry is changing this area. With its advanced image processing and decision-making capabilities, artificial intelligence is able to revolutionize orthodontic procedures. Recent research has shown that machine learning can match, or even surpass, human accuracy in important tasks such as defining anatomical benchmarks, classifying skeletal structures, predicting bone age, and segmenting teeth. Moreover, machine learning algorithms ensure consistency and reliability in orthodontic decisions and treatment evaluation. Despite these advances, problems remain with the interpretability of machine learning models and the reliability of data sets. Therefore, promoting closer cooperation between orthodontists and Al technicians is important for the full utilization of the potential of artificial intelligence in clinical settings.

  Rakhmatulla Nigmatov, Sh Ruziev, D Khanova

  69-74

    

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  New in Uzbekistan - goals and tasks of organization and development of museum tourism The article presents the goals and objectives of the organization and development of new museum tourism in the national tourism of Uzbekistan. Also museum tourism proposals are recommended in the development.

  Yulduz Urunbaeva

  83-86

  112   17

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  The development of museum tourism is the main factor in improving the well-being of the population population well-being, the scale of the service sector characterized by a combination of a number of important factors, its share in important macroeconomic indicators, the population determined by the volume of services per capita. The article focuses on the issues of increasing the well-being of the population through the development of museum tourism.

  Yulduz Urunbaeva

  107-111

  77   9

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  The importance of museums in enriching the world of spiritual and educational values ​​of the population, educating the young generation in the spirit of love and loyalty to the motherland The article emphasizes the importance, history, and theoretical foundations of museums in enriching the world of spiritual and educational values ​​of the population, educating the young generation in the spirit of love and loyalty to the Motherland.

  Yulduz Urunbaeva

  74-83

  110   10

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  Potential benefits of the integration of student tourism with other types of tourism and travel Student tourism is a burgeoning sector within the travel industry that allows young travellers to combine academic pursuits with leisure experiences. This scientific article delves into the processes of integrating student tourism with other types of tourism to enhance students' educational and cultural experiences. Through collaboration, experiential learning, and community engagement, integrating student tourism with other forms of tourism can lead to a more enriching and sustainable travel experience for students.

  NILUFAR AKHROROVA, N Ibragimov

  4761-4763

  45   15

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  International university of tourism and cultural heritage Environmental constitutionalism is a growing movement that seeks to protect the planet through legal frameworks. This approach recognizes the importance of environmental protection in national constitutions and aims to ensure that the environment is given the same level of legal protection as other fundamental rights. By enshrining environmental rights and responsibilities in national constitutions, countries can create a legal framework that prioritizes the preservation of the natural world. Environmental constitutionalism also allows for the establishment of legal mechanisms to hold governments and corporations accountable for their environmental impact. This can include the right to a healthy environment, the protection of natural resources, and the promotion of sustainable development. By integrating environmental principles into the highest law of the land, countries can ensure that environmental protection is a priority for future generations. In this article, we will explore the concept of environmental constitutionalism and its potential to drive meaningful change in the fight against climate change and environmental degradation. We will also examine some examples of countries that have successfully integrated environmental rights into their constitutions and the impact it has had on environmental protection.

  Azamat Jumanov, Rustem Omirzakov

  192-195

  157   14

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  National economy The article analyzes the development trend of the national economy and the factors affecting it. The development of the national economy at the level of international standards and the development of international economic relations, taking a worthy place in the world community, are researched.

  Yulduz Urunbaeva, Valiyor Khursandaliev

  100-103

  72   13

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  Regulations for assessing the level of service and competitiveness of hotels the thesis provides information on the evaluation process and the competitiveness of hotel services. In recent years, especially after the pandemic, many hotel businesses have focused on improving the quality of their offers and sustaining their competitiveness. Some hotels are making an effort to improve the quality of services they offer by leveraging the most recent digital technologies. The paper offers insights into the techniques employed to evaluate service quality in addition to data about hotel performance

  Istamkhuja Davronov

  92-95

  57   18

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  Божхона соҳасига оид терминлар типологияси

  This article analyzes the typology of customs related terms. The process of creating terminological units related to the customs field in English is explained.

  Nilufar Isakulova

  132-140

  62   23

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  Божхона соҳасига оид терминларни ўқитишда тадқиқот лойиҳалардан фойдаланиш

  This article analyzes the use of research projects in teaching of customs related terms. The development of research projects in teaching of terms related to the customs field was developed as a model.

  Nilufar Isakulova

  11-19

  236   20

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  Categories of children with defects in development This article analyzes the categories of children with developmental disabilities that help them socialize.

  Nilufar Isakulova

  17-22

  126   17

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  Main Directions and Problems in the Historiography of the Afrighid Dynasty The article analyzes the main directions and problems in the historiography of the Afrighid dynasty (305-995), exploring issues such as the dynasty's origins and ethnic affiliation, political status, domestic policies, economic and socio-cultural development. The research of national and foreign historians is also analyzed,

  Mardonbek Rajapov

  25-27

  169   32

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  New Ways to Measure Intraocular Pressure in Children with Microphthalmia and Blepharophimosis

  Childhood glaucoma is a chronic vision threatening condition that may significantly impact an individual’s psychosocial well-being. The prognosis of glaucoma largely depends on early and accurate diagnosis and successful treatment, including control of increased. The purpose is to determine the effectiveness of modified tonometers (Maklakova) NGm2-"OF TP" in performing tonometry and tonography in infants and children with microphthalmos and blepharophimosis. We have proposed modified models of Maklakoff tonometers weighing 5, 10, and 15 g, made of silver, the weights on both sides have contact plates, which are made of medical plastic and have a diameter of the applanation area d=8 mm. Methods: Tonometry and tonography using the simplified method of Nesterov A.P. were carried out in 30 (60 eyes) children aged from birth (0) to 16 years. Results: Our recommended design of weights showed results that do not differ from those obtained using standard Maklakov tonometers. At the same time, modified weights provide the opportunity to determine tonometric IOP and eye hydrodynamics in newborns and patients with microphthalmia and/or blepharophimosis, which greatly facilitates the work of pediatric ophthalmologists and reduces examination time.

  Lola Khamraeva, Dildora Narzullaeva, Lyubava Bobokha , Dilorom Makhmudova

  867-868

  117   23

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  The science of molecular genetics yesterday and today as well duties as gal This article discusses the completion of human genome sequencing and the new postgenomic era in molecular genetics. The great achievements of molecular genetics, genomics, analysis of life are reported.

  Muslimbek Daminov

  302-304

  110   11

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  Адаптационные возможности детского организма после перенесенной постковидной инфекции

  This article provides information about the frequen-cy and clinical manifestations of post-Covid syndrome among children. An epidemiological study was conduct-ed in 3 family clinics and the Central Multidisciplinary Clinic of Tashkent, located in the Mirobad, Mirzo Ulugbek and Yunusabad districts. In the period from 2020-2022, 593 children aged 1 to 17 years with con-firmed COVID-19 (by PCR diagnostic method of a na -sopharyngeal smear or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of IgM COVID-19 blood) applied to these outpatient clinics. An in-depth examination was carried out among 253 children (prospective study) who had suf-fered Covid infection during the previous 6 months, car-ried out on the basis of the children's diagnostic center in Tashkent. As a result, it was found that the incidence of post-Covid syndrome among children is 65.6%. Upon further diagnosis, it was found that Post COVID -19 con-dition in children manifests itself in 18.7% as a cardiac variant, in 15.1% as a gastrointestinal variant, in 15.4% as a respiratory variant, and in 28.3% of cases mixed variants of post-Covid syndrome. An imbalance of both electrolytes and vitamins B6, C and D has been estab-lished, which may indicate a strained immune system. In this connection, we consider it advisable to prescribe vitamin-mineral and amino acid complexes during their rehabilitation.

  Iroda Djabbarova

  79-85

  61   13

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  Spread of infectious diseases in livestock and preventive measures The article provides information on the spread of infectious and invasive diseases of livestock, that is, bacterial diseases, as well as recommendations for livestock farmers and specialists on the prevention and control of diseases.

  Bozorboy Elmurodov, G Muminov, N Nabieva

  155-163

  138   6

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  An artistic event that has moved from novel to novel This article compares the artistic-historical truth ratio of "Tanazzul" pentology in the novels "Bygone days" by Sa'dikhon Mavlavikhon’s son Eshonjanov and "The scrpion from the altar" by Abdulla Qadiri. Images and events that passed from one work to another were analyzed on the basis of mutual facts. The creative idea of the writers is well thought out. As a result, such a period was covered, and it was concluded that the author of "Tanazzul" achieved his creative goal by writing a work in line with Qadiri's work.

  Dilnoza Mamanova

  97-101

  87   14

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  Complex measures for treatment and prevention of chicken nematodoses This article provides information on the complex of strict measures to combat, that is, treatment and prevention of helminthiasis - namtodoses (ascariasis, heterokidosis, capillariosis, syngamosis) common among chickens. These measures are developed based on the results of scientific research and serve as a program for veterinary professionals.

  Komiljon Akramov, Khurshid Safarov

  90-94

  44   12

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  Methods of prevention and Treatment of trichophyte in cause (literature analysis) Effective treatment of trichophytosis in cattle with the effective use of systemic drugs. To do this, the animals infected with trichophytia should be divided into groups, each drug should be used and monitored every ten days. Early treatment is based on the results obtained. It consists of taking skin and wool samples from the recovered part of the disease in laboratory conditions, planting them in food, making differential diagnosis in other similar diseases, and studying the effects of the used drugs. Treatment in this way is to increase the productivity of farm animals and reduce the rate of transmission to humans. In addition to these, lecoformulation by taking blood samples from animals that have recovered from the disease. In this, the shaped elements of the blood are checked. The obtained results and each systemic drug used are formed on the basis of the scheme and entered in tabular form.

  Khadicha Usmonova

  37-41

  73   7

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  Structure of pediatric ophthalmic pathology in Uzbekistan

  This study analyzes the structure of eye diseases in children of different age groups based on the materials of the ophthal-mology department of the Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute (TPMI) clinic for 2018—2021.

  Lola Khamraeva, Yulduz Khamroeva, I Muratova

  97-101

  115   19

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  Verbalization of the conceptual sphere "heart" in the English, Russian and Uzbek world pictures After the transition to the anthropocentric paradigm, several scientific studies are being conducted in cognitive linguistics; in particular, attention is paid to the concept since it is one of the main concepts of this field of linguistics. This article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the verbalization of the concept of “heart” in English, Russian, and Uzbek languages. The author of the article gives the meanings and features of the term “concept” from the perspective of foreign and national linguists and also identifies the features of the concept structure. The study of the verbalization of the concept was carried out based on lexicographic data given in explanatory and phraseological dictionaries of the English, Russian, and Uzbek languages. The cognitive map of the concept of “heart” was made based on the structure of the concept given by cognitive scientists. The relevance of the topic of the work is that the work was carried out within the framework of a new anthropocentric linguistic direction - cognitive linguistics and the importance of the comparative study of languages to identify their national and cultural specifics. The novelty of this article is the fact that it was the first to make a cognitive analysis of the verbalization of the concept of “heart” in English, Russian, and Uzbek languages. The results of the study showed that despite the universal representation of the concept “heart” in any language, the concept in question has certain features of verbalization in each of the languages being compared.

  Nargizakhon Valieva

  180-194

  65   16

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  Labor resources - invaluable assets The article emphasizes that employment in the country is a crucial factor in its socioeconomic development.

  Yulduz Urunbaeva

  443-446

  130   21

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  The effect of Goa formalin vaccine against colibacteriosis and salmonellosis of calves, lambs and piglets on the organism of calves In the article, as a result of vaccination of calves with "GOA formalin vaccine against colibacteriosis and salmonellosis diseases of calves, lambs and piglets", duration of immunity of 9-12 months was observed in experiments. In the treatment of colibacteriosis and salmonellosis diseases of calves, due to the stabilization of the immune system at the expense of gamma-globulins in the hyperimmune blood serum, it was found that the efficiency was higher than 92 percent. Also, information on hematological and biochemical changes of blood in the body of calves suffering from these diseases in a mixed form, as well as the sensitivity of E.coli and Salmonella to antibiotics is presented.

  Bozorboy Elmurodov, N Navruzov

  73-86

  100   17

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  Pathophological changes in chicks infected with salmonella pullorom gallinarium The article provides information on the age-related dynamics of broiler chicken infection with S. pullorom gallinarium. Also, information about pathomorphological changes in the organism of chicks is given.

  Bozorboy Elmurodov

  101   20

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