The aim of the research work is determination of the prospects for the use of a domestic agent for the prevention of adhesion formation in thoraco-abdominal surgery on the basis of experimental and morphological studies.
Research objectives were white outbred rats in the amount of 62 individuals, in two experimental studies on the abdominal and pleural cavities, in each series of experiments the studies were carried out in 2 comparative groups, control and main. Experiments on the formation of adhesions in the abdominal and pleural cavities were carried out on the basis of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Surgery named after acad. V.Vakhidov in the Department of Experimental Surgery for the period from 2019 to 2020.
The scientific novelty of the research consists of the followings: it is proved according to the data of experimental research that when modeling the adhesion process in the abdominal cavity, the local application of an anti-adhesion coating made of cellulose derivatives reduces the processes of adhesiogenesis and the development of changes in architectonics, bends and narrowings of the intestinal lumen; it was found in an experimental study that when modeling the adhesion process in the chest cavity, the local use of an anti-adhesion implant provides a significant decrease in the risk of adhesiogenesis in the form of the formation of coarse adhesions or planar adhesions; it was determined that when blood serum was applied over a powder implant, the quality of adhesion and the uniformity of its distribution on the surface of the experimental defect of the peritoneum or lung did not change, but, in contrast to activation by blood (to ensure a hemostatic effect), it was not accompanied by the development of cellular inflammation due to the resorption of thrombotic masses; it was found that the formation of a gel film over the area of damage to the peritoneum in the absence of cellular elements of blood makes it possible to achieve biodegradation of the coating without a pronounced cellular-inflammatory reaction, providing cicatricial replacement of defects with a significant reduction in the risk of developing a massive adhesive process; the morphostructural features of the formation of the adhesive process when using an anti-adhesive coating, characterized by regression in the dynamics of the number of connective tissue cells of the inflammatory infiltrate with scarring of the defect zone without the development of adhesive conglomerates with the surrounding tissues, have been determined.
Introduction of the research results. According to the results of a scientific study on a comparative analysis of the use of a domestic agent for the prevention of adhesion formation in thoraco-abdominal surgery: methodological recommendations were developed: "New technologies for the prevention of adhesions in thoraco-abdominal surgery" (certificate of the Ministry of Health No. 08-09/10055 of August 12, 2021). The proposed recommendations for performing surgical interventions on the organs of the abdominal and thoracic cavities will allow for sparing local hemostasis, as well as prevent the formation of a coarse adhesive process in the abdominal cavity.
The obtained scientific results on a comparative analysis of the use of the domestic remedy for the prevention of adhesion formation in thoraco-abdominal surgery have been introduced into the practical activities of health care, including in the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center for Surgery named after V.I. Academician V. Vakhidov, surgical departments of the clinics of the Andijan and Samarkand State Medical Institutes (certificate of the Ministry of Health No. 08-09/10055 of August 12, 2021). Based on the proposed results of experimental studies, it was shown that the use of an anti-adhesive coating made of cellulose derivatives made it possible to reduce the risk of adhesion formation from 60% to 20%, bowel deformation without manifestations of obstruction from 33.3% to 13.3% and the possibility of acute adhesive intestinal obstruction from 6.7% to 0%.
Structure and scope of the dissertation. The dissertation consists of an introduction, four chapters, conclusions, practical recommendations and a list of cited literature. The volume of work is 113 pages.
This article gives information about students in higher education their preparation of professional activities and process of forming mechanism of independent education and fulfilling this task, ways and directions.
The article discusses the implementation process of Smart City governance system in Uzbekistan. The research found several components of smart governance. In particular, Smart Education System component have discussed in details on the experience of Uzbekistan. Important tasks for today in the context of organization modern education system and their alternative solutions were outlined. The current state of the education system and their transformation to national standards based on international experience were assessed. The author focused on the fundamental foundations of significant results achieved in the field of integrated education over the years of independence, and emphasizes the importance of the system in implementing innovative changes based on practical examples. Achievements in the implementation of modern education have described in terms of the attributes of Smart education. Also, measures for the introduction of smart education in Uzbekistan were analyzed on the basis of real statistics and general summaries were presented.
В современных условиях наблюдаются быстрые изменения, которые касаются цифровизации множества отраслей. И основными направлениями цифровой трансформации в секторах науки и образования является как государственная политика, так и создание информационной образовательной среды, что должно отвечать всем тем требованиям, которые нацелены на внедрение научно-образовательных платформ в учебных заведениях
In the modern world, characterized by instability, anxiety, non-linearity and incomprehensibility, language education is of particular importance. Language education promotes the development of competencies that are necessary to successfully live and work in a BANI world, including critical thinking, creativity, intercultural communication, adaptability and lifelong learning.
This article analyzes the priority directions of social development at the present stage based on proposals, initiatives and conceptual ideas put forward in the Address of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan to the Oliy Majlis in 2018. As noted in the article, the Strategy of Action on the five priority directions of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017–2021 contributes to the improvement of the strategic framework to ensure the vital needs and legitimate interests of the population and strengthen the foundations of a decent and comfortable life. In this regard, as noted in the article, the Address of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev to Oliy Majlis on December 28, 2018, and the fact that 2019 was proclaimed the “Year of Active Investments and Social Development” became the logical continuation of the years of “Dialogue with the people and human interests”, “Support for active entrepreneurship, innovative ideas and technologies” in the country. It indicates that in the third stage of the reform strategy, the importance of social development as a priority of state policy increases. According to the author, increasing the economic potential of the country by attracting investment will inevitably lead to the development of social spheres. The article focuses on the development of the social sphere. The author reveals the essence of the concept of “social development”. As noted, “social development” is a change that contributes to the emergence of new social relations, institutions, norms and values in society. In this regard, features and criteria of social development are shown. The article outlines the main tasks for the further development of the social sphere in 2019, as defined in the Presidential Address. In particular, comments were given to initiatives and conceptual ideas for further improvement of science, modern and continuing education, further strengthening of state social support for young people, and the development of a national idea. The article widely describes the concept of “investment in human capital” and the article notes that investments in human capital include expenditures on health care, general and special education, employment, vocational training, raising children and others. The effectiveness of such investments is reflected in the pace of development of society in all areas. The article shows how the issues of modern education and upbringing of young people and their social support are important in the social development of the country. The article analyzes important practical steps taken to ensure that the sphere of education and training directly serves further human improvement.
В статье обоснована необходимость формирования цифровой компетентности у будущих учителей, что влечет за собой необходимость модернизации профессиональных образовательных программ и методики преподавания дисциплин и проведения практик. Уточнено понятие «цифровая компетентность», определены цель и задачи формирования цифровой компетентности у будущих учителей. Цифровая компетентность позволяет сделать будущего учителя более востребованным и конкурентоспособным.
Пандемия COVID-19 способствовала распространению виртуального обучения после срочной приостановки традиционного обучения. Чтобы противостоять этому кризису обучения, были разработаны различные стратегии онлайн-обучения. Переход на дистанционное обучение осуществляли специалисты по цифро-
визации совместно с Министерством образования. Для сотрудников и студентов было проведено несколько онлайн-семинаров о ценности и процедурах такой смены. Удовлетворенность студентов была зафиксирована в отношении эффективности обучающих мероприятий в прямом эфире и онлайн-оценивания. В данной работе подробно рассматриваются процедуры и преимущества перехода на цифровое обучение, которые были оценены студентами и преподавателями. Рекомендовано при-
нятие будущих теоретических онлайн-курсов, а также развитие компьютерных технологий в образовательном процессе.
Ushbu maqolada Oliy ta’lim muassasalarida ta’lim sifatini oshirish va ularning mamlakatda amalga oshirilayotgan keng qamrovli islohotlarda faol ishtirokini ta’minlash borasida strategik qarorlar qilish va qaror qabul qilish jarayonlarida ochiqlik va shaffoflikni ta’minlashning o‘ziga xos yondashuvlari va bu borada amalga oshirilayotgan amaliy ishlarning natijadorligi keng yoritilgan.
This article highlights information about the implemented reforms in secondary schools of the Republic of Uzbekistan and its vilayats for 2017-2021, improving the level of knowledge of students and education based on international educational standards, as well as providing schools with textbooks.
Бугунги кунда Рсспубликамизда миллий ахборат комуникация сохасининг ривожланиши хисобига юртимизда юкори ва замонавий технологияларни жорий этишга эришилмокда, бу эса, уз навбатида барча сохаларни янада юксалтириш, уларнинг иш самарадорлигини ошириш имконини бсрмокда. Шу билан бирга, таълим тизимини замонавийлаштириш ва янги-янги таълимнинг шаклларини хаётга жалб этиш борасида хам улкан ишлар амалга оширилмокда. Шу боне, “ракамли таълим”, “масофавий таълим” ва шу каби тушунчалар ва уларнинг таркибий кисмлари хаётимизга узил-кесил кириб келди. Уларнинг кундалик хаётда турмушимизни чечогли осонлаштириши, харажатларни камайтириши, муаммоларни хал килишини купчилигимиз уз тажрибамиздан билиб олишга улгурдик ва тараккиётдаги ахдмиятини хисобга олиб, мамлакатимизда халк хужалигининг барча сохаларини янги форматга утказиш барча сохалар учун устивор вазифа килиб белгиланди.
This article proves the importance of creating an electronic textbook as the best tool in using innovative technologies in the learning process and the basic principles of its formation. It consideres the goals, objectives and stages of the innovative project on creation of the electronic textbook “The basis of foreign economic activity”.
In 2015, the United Nations member states adopted the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Higher education is one of the priorities of Task 4.3 of the SDGs - ―By 2030, ensure equal access for all women and men to affordable and high-quality vocational and higher education, including university education‖. To achieve this goal, one of the illustrative strategies is to promote the internationalization of higher education. In the Astana Declaration (2017), the Central Asian countries’
Ministers of Education reaffirmed their commitment to strengthening cooperation in the field of internationalization of higher education, including for sustainable and inclusive development 2. Despite the fact that there are many definitions, the internationalization of higher education is understood
as: Intentionally expanding the spatiality of higher education through cross-border mobility and interconnection between educational institutions, students, scientists, knowledge, programs and suppliers (systems and providers)3.