The article examines the experience of Uzbekistan in preventing corruption in the private sector. It is determined that the negative factors of the spread of corruption among companies leads to a decrease in the competitiveness of the national economy, the quality of public administration, undermines the foundations of free competition, creates threats to the political stability and security of the country.
With the spread of corruption, the business climate and the quality of corporate governance deteriorate, the reputation of companies is undermined, and their investment attractiveness decreases.
In the markets of goods, works, services, negative selection is taking place, monopoly and protectionism are increasing. It was revealed that corruption in the private sector devalues democratic values, contributes to the spread of legal nihilism, permissiveness, money-grubbing, impunity, etc., causing significant harm to the interests of both society and the state, and the rights of citizens.
The thesis is substantiated that the most effective means of preventing corruption in the private sector is the introduction of anti-corruption compliance systems and the corresponding methods of their certification into its subjects. Based on the methods of a comparative study, measures have been identified to introduce anti-corruption compliance in business structures, as well as business entities with state participation.
It is determined that international universal, regional and special standards (UN, OECD, GRECO, ISO, etc.) have a significant impact on the development of national legislation and practice of law enforcement in this area. The thesis about the need to improve the legal foundations of the anti-corruption compliance system, the need to introduce institutions of responsibility of legal entities in Uzbekistan, prevent illegal lobbying activities, etc.
SUMMARY
The article examines the experience of Uzbekistan in preventing corruption in the private sector. It is determined that the negative factors of the spread of corruption among companies leads to a decrease in the competitiveness of the national economy, the quality of public administration, undermines the foundations of free competition, creates threats to the political stability and security of the country.
With the spread of corruption, the business climate and the quality of corporate governance deteriorate, the reputation of companies is undermined, and their investment attractiveness decreases. In the markets for goods, works, services, negative selection is taking place, monopoly and protectionism are increasing.
It was revealed that corruption in the private sector devalues democratic values, contributes to the spread of legal nihilism, permissiveness, money-grubbing, impunity, etc., causing significant harm to the interests of both society and the state, and the rights of citizens.
In order to eradicate corruption in all spheres of society, Uzbekistan is improving the appropriate legal, institutional and organizational measures. The Law "On Combating Corruption" adopted on the initiative of the President of Uzbekistan dated 03.01.2017. In addition to measures to prevent corruption in the field of public administration, he identified as measures to prevent corruption in the field of socio-economic development and entrepreneurship:
elimination of administrative and bureaucratic barriers, simplification and increase in the efficiency of registration, permitting and licensing procedures;
optimization of the control and supervisory functions of state bodies, improvement of the system of inspections of the activities of business entities, prevention of illegal interference in their activities;
widespread introduction of remote forms of relationships between government bodies and business entities;
creating equal conditions for doing business and preventing unfair competition;
introduction of effective legal mechanisms for public procurement, ensuring publicity, transparency and maintaining a competitive environment in the placement of public procurement;
creation of fair conditions and equal opportunities for the population in the field of education, health care, social security, public services and other areas of social and economic development, prevention of corruption offenses;
introduction of effective anti-corruption mechanisms in non-governmental organizations, etc.
The thesis is substantiated that the most effective means of preventing corruption in the private sector is the introduction of anti-corruption compliance systems and the corresponding methods of their certification into its subjects.
On the basis of comparative research methods, measures have been identified to introduce anti-corruption compliance in business structures, as well as business entities with state participation.
In order to improve the efficiency of the anti-corruption system, create the most favorable business climate, promote a positive image of the country in the international arena, by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On measures to further improve the anti-corruption system in the Republic of Uzbekistan” No. UP-5729 dated 05/27/2019. the State Anti-Corruption Program for 2019-2020 was approved, which provided for strengthening anti-corruption measures in organizations with a state share in the authorized capital by: introducing a system of anti-corruption “compliance control” and monitoring its effectiveness, еnsuring internal order in accordance with the relevant anti-corruption standard (ISO 37001), as well as introducing special anti-corruption measures in the private sector, ensuring strict measures and control procedures, ensuring strict ethical rules when participating in public procurement, encouraging collective anti-corruption actions of businesses.
In order to improve the investment attractiveness and strengthen the image of our country in the international arena, introduce new mechanisms for working with ratings and indices in state bodies and organizations, by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On improving the position of the Republic of Uzbekistan in international ratings and indices, as well as introducing a new mechanism of systematic work with them in government agencies and organizations ”No. UP-6003 dated 02.06.2020. the Republican Council for work with international ratings and indices was created.
Republican Council for improving the position of the Republic of Uzbekistan in socio-economic, political and legal international ratings and indices 06/13/2020 the program of measures to improve the position of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the socio-economic, political and legal international ratings and indices was approved.
In order to increase the effectiveness of state policy aimed at preventing and combating corruption in all spheres of society and the state 29.06. In 2020, the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On additional measures to improve the anti-corruption system in the Republic of Uzbekistan” No. UP-6013 was adopted
In accordance with the Decree, the Anti-Corruption Agency of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the National Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan for Combating Corruption were created.
It is determined that international universal, regional and special standards (UN, OECD, GRECO, ISO, etc.) have a significant impact on the development of national legislation and practice of law enforcement in this area. The thesis about the need to improve the legal foundations of the anti-corruption compliance system, the need to introduce institutions of responsibility of legal entities in Uzbekistan, prevent illegal lobbying activities, etc.
В данном литературном обзоре были продемонстрированы исследования, касающиеся нефропротективной эффективности иДПП-4 при сахарном диабете 2 типа. иДПП-4 является сахаросжигающим препаратом, влияющим на баланс кишечных гормонов –инкретинов, а в частности на глюкагоноподобный пептид-1. ДПП-4 принимает непосредственное участие в деградации ГПП-1 и метаболизирует другие гормоноподобные субстанции имеющие вазоактивные, иммуномодулирующие, натрийуретические и антиоксидантные свойства. иДПП-4 являются одной из новых групп препаратов, использующихся при лечении сахарного диабета 2 типа
The article analyzes the state and prospects of the institutionalization of diaspora politics and diplomacy in relation to compatriots in foreign countries and Uzbekistan.
Analysis of this problem has shown that in a number of foreign countries (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Israel, Mexico, Poland, Turkey, Croatia, Serbia, etc., diaspora politics and diplomacy are called upon to play a leading role in strengthening the internal consolidation of foreign communities and the development of their potential in the countries of residence The success of its advancement in the political sphere of the country of residence and the possibility of creating lobbying structures directly depend on the nature and intensity of support of the ethnic community by the mother state.
The most influential diasporas have a close relationship with the ethnic homeland, which, as a rule, is realized through state support of the diaspora from the homeland, as well as through the support of the mother state itself from the ethnic diaspora.
At the present stage, further institutionalization of the diaspora policy of Uzbekistan in relation to compatriots abroad in the following areas is relevant:
Establishment of a specialized agency to support the Uzbek diaspora abroad, the Uzbek Agency for International Development, legal formalization of the strategic priorities of diaspora policy, the establishment of specialized information and cultural centers named after S. A.Navoiy in the structure of the republic's diplomatic missions abroad, establishing constructive cooperation with national-cultural associations of Uzbeks functioning in foreign countries, etc
The aim of the study was to analyze the quality of life of children with primary hyperparathyroidism in the postoperative period. The study involved 60 patients who, depending on the form of primary hyperpartyroidism, were divided into 3 groups. The survey was conducted using a short quality of life questionnaire (SF-36) in the late postoperative period. The data obtained indicate that the indicators of the quality of life in the postoperative period increase in all groups of patients.
Currently, the number of patients with gallstone disease (GD) and metabolic syndrome (MS) is growing every year, and there is a "rejuvenation" of these diseases. This is all the more important that convincing data are given that MS is not only the risk factor of the manifestation of the GD, but also its complicated flow. GD and MS remain contradictory, despite the well-studied mechanism.
Uzbekistan has significantly increased its international reserves. As a result, the reserve adequacy ratio has become much higher than recommended by the international organizations. This, in turn, raise question on practicability of using excessive reserves for infrastructure projects. Analysis of possible opportunities and risks of using international reserves shows that Uzbekistan is keeping the right strategy on accumulation reserves