We present an analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 182 patients with pulmonary echinococcosis (126 patients with uncomplicated and 56 with complicated pulmonary echinococcosis). Of these, only in 23 patients out of 25 planned, it was possible to carry out echinococcectomy purely thoracoscopically through trocar punctures. In 134 cases, videothoracoscopic echinococectomy was performed using a mini-access. In case of bilateral localization of cysts, stage-by-stage operations were performed in 7 patients, and in 3 (36.36%) cases - single-stage echinococcectomy. Echinococcectomy from the lung was performed in 25 patients using a wide thoracotomy approach. In 134 cases, videothoracoscopic echinococectomy was performed using a mini-access. In case of bilateral localization of cysts, stage-by-stage operations were performed in 7 patients, and in 3 (36.36%) cases - single-stage echinococcectomy. Echinococcectomy from the lung was performed in 25 patients using a wide thoracotomy approach. All patients underwent anterolateral thoracotomy. Basically (97.67%) performed organ-preserving operations with the elimination of the residual cavity in the light suture plastics in various modifications. In 2 patients with marginal location and pneumocirrhosis, marginal resection of the lung with an echinococcal cyst was performed.With combined echinococcosis of the lungs and liver, 10 patients were operated on. 6 patients underwent surgical interventions on the lungs and liver through separate approaches at the same time. The use of minimally invasive techniques for pulmonary echinococcosis is possible in more than 2/3 of patients.
The article takes into account the role of roads and bridges in the national economy, their natural conditions, productivity, efficiency and safety of road and rail transport, the principles of feasibility study of the parameters of all road elements, their durability after construction.
In the introductory part of the article the author
characterizes concept of taxable base. In the basic part of the article questions of taxable base under the tax to property are considered. In the conclusion the author comes to opinion, that
it is necessary to develop the national tax laws connected with the tax to property.
Maqolada iqtisodiyotini yuksaltirishda sanoat korxonalarining iqtisodiy salohiyatini oshirishda raqamlashtirishning ahamiyati haqida bayon etilgan.
The article is devoted to the study of the formation of scientific, technical and innovation policy in Japan. In addition, an analysis of the influence of a number of factors on the growth of the economy, among which are innovation-oriented human capital, is made on the basis of econometric modeling in the work. The purpose of research is to analyze the formation of the scientific, technical and innovation policy of Japan, to identify through the correlation and regression model the influence of innovative factors on the development of the country's economy. Scientific novelty:
- The article formulates a retrospective of the scientific, technical and innovation policy of Japan;
- A model of the influence of a number of factors on the economic development of Japan has been created, including domestic expenditures on R&D, income from the export of technological products, and the number of people employed in R&D in Japan
Сysts of the neck are congenital cystic lesions of the neck, often presenting in childhood. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice for these lesions. Recurrence of cystic lesions of the neck after incomplete excision is fraught with complications due to the need for a second surgery and complications of the recurrent cyst itself. We herein report the de-tails of recurrent cysts of the neck presenting at 3, 6, 12 and 18 months postoperatively.
Jahonda xalqaro munosabatlarning globallashuvi sharoitida mamlakat majburiyatlari qandayligi va uni o‘z resurslari bilan qanday boshqarayotganligi moliyaviy holatni tushunish asosida amalga oshiriladi. Ushbu maqolada byudjet tizimi byudjetlari ijrosi hisobini takomillashtirishda Davlat sektori uchun buxgalteriya hisobi xalqaro standartlaridan foydalanishning ahamiyati hamda ilmiy uslubiy jihatlariga e’tibor qaratilgan.
Ushbu maqola shuni ko'rsatadiki, raqamli transformatsiyaning afzalliklaridan iqtisodiyotda hamma foydalanishini ta'minlash ambitsiyalariga erishishda muhim rol o'ynaydi.Raqamli iqtisodiyotning aholi turmush darajasiga ijobiy
va salbiy ta’sirlari mavjud bo’lib, bunga to’liq moslashgunga qadar ba’zi mamlakatlar qiyinchiliklarga duch keladi.
The article describes the commonality of Japanese and Chinese literary relations. It is analyzed that Chinese literature has had a great influence on Japanese literature through genres, literary types, composition, plot and motivations of literary works. The love, beauty and elegance of nature in the works of the famous Chinese poets: Lee Bay, Du Fu, Van Wei, is also reflected in the poems of Japanese poets, the Wakimi Nazi genre in Japanese literature and the emergence of the first country poetry in Japanese literature. It also speaks about the contribution of some Japanese literary artists, including Yasunari Kawabata, SaneasuMusyanokodzi to the development of Japanese literature, the Heian era in Japan and the creators of that era. Although Chinese literature originated much earlier than Japanese literature, it was studied comparisons of Japanese literature by Japanese and Chinese scholars, such as "Kodiiki", which made world classical Japanese literature popular, and "Maniyosu", a popular example of authorship and folk poetry. Japan and China have a special place and role in the Oriental civilization, because of the great and ancient history of these two countries, as well as the great contribution and popularity of the countries' literature to the Oriental literature. Russian academic I. Konrad is recognized as a renowned scholar who studied Japanese and Chinese literature, and has a special place in the study of Japanese and Chinese literature. These two nations have similarities in their customs, traditions, culture, history, language, literature and many other areas. At the end of the article, we will see in the proverbs of both peoples that diligence is another characteristic of Japanese and Chinese people. This article is important in teaching young people to work. The conclusions highlight the commonality of Japanese and Chinese peoples in the field of literature, culture.
Nowadays, students are surrounded by information from several sources and reaching information becomes more important every day. In order to cope with the challenges of this intensity of information faced by students at school which they will also face in the World, they need to develop different and more useful methods than those previously used. The aim of this research is to reveal how the process of using watch movie clips as a strategy in improving students’ listening skill in teaching and learning activity, find out whether the use of watch movie clips as a strategy can improve B 1 level learners’ listening skill or not.
This article is devoted to translations and research into world languages of Liao Jai's works of miracles. They were written by the great Chinese storyteller Pu Songling, who wrote under the pseudonym Liao Jai, who laid the foundation for the development of the magic novella and the creator of a unique school of folklore writing. It examines some issues, in particular the translations of short stories and their publications. Three centuries ago, he created Liao Jai's "Stories of Miracles". According to some reports, Pu Songling wrote about 500 short stories. However, some of his stories have not reached us. Throughout his life, the writer collected stories about extraordinary events and magical things, as well as folk anecdotes. No Chinese writer would know so many different forms of stories other than Pu Songling. In Chinese literature, the term story refers to the processing of folk tales and legends, sometimes parables or anecdotes, and in some cases - ancient stories or short stories. As a result of research and observation during this writing, it became known that from the 18th century to the present, Liao Jai's Strange Miracle Stories has been translated into more than twenty languages. The translations were into English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Danish, Czech, Greek, Polish, Hungarian, Russian, Irish, Latvian, Uzbek, Tajik, Kyrgyz, Russian, Ukrainian, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, Mongolian and other languages. In the course of this study, it was found that among the Chinese classical literature, there are very few works translated into such a number of languages. No historical work can detail the landscape of the past in as much detail as fiction. In this sense, Pu Songling's work is a reflection of the life of the Chinese people, an integral part of cultural heritage, a source of information that allows one to reflect on the life and uniqueness of different strata of Chinese society.
In this paper identified the factors effecting the development of small businesses in agricultural products market, developed their classification and suggested to review them at three stages. Based on the results obtained developed a smart agro value chain mapping and recommended agricultural database electronic platform.
Произведен анализ известных способов формирования каналов утечки информации и физические методы защиты информации, передаваемой по волоконно-оптических линиях связи. Предложены способы повышения защищенности оптического волокна при передаче данных, а также предложена и описана модель системы защиты информации в волоконно-оптической линии на основе устройства рефлектометра.
This article examines the organizational and legal basis of syndicated lending in Uzbekistan for comparisons with international practice, identifies the existing problems. Formed conclusions and suggestions of the author to improve syndicated lending.
This article analyzes the ideas of geographical determinism in the socio-philosophical views of the famous thinker of Arab-Muslim social thought Abu Zayed Abdurahman bin Khaldun.
This article describes in detail the development trends of industrial sectors of Samarkand region, the components of the industry and their share in regional industry, the state and structure of production. In addition, an in-depth statistical analysis of the dynamics of industrial products, consumer goods and their growth rates per capita in the region. Also, on the basis of statistical analysis of the regional industry, proposals for its further development have been developed
The article examines the development and formation of the Chinese medieval novella, the emergence and formation of the "bitszi" genre and the role of the anecdote in this process. It also analyzes the creative work of the writer (sorting out and selection of anecdotes for subsequent literary processing), the transformation of an oral text into written literature. In this genre, one can see an attempt to strengthen the characterization of the character by increasing the number of cases in a single context, to give this characterization greater completeness and completeness. The folklore characterization of the character, which did not imply any individualization, freely allowed the characters of various anecdotes to be contaminated into one image. In the cyclization of anecdotes, one can see an attempt by the authors of collections of short stories to strengthen the characterization of the character by increasing the number of situations, in one context to give a short information about the character, to give the character’s characterization greater completeness and completeness, which, of course, cannot be in an oral impromptu. Novels by Pu Songlin are distinguished by the author's interest in the storyline of the character. Especially when it has to do with their personalities and how the characters behave in certain situations. In addition to describing an event, the psychological factors of human behavior are also important for a writer. The protagonist of such stories, albeit with a predetermined character, appears in a specific episode that is largely unrelated to her previous life. It is concluded that the anecdote as the simplest form of the plot was used as a ready-made source material for the creation of works of novelistic architectonics.