Наиболее часто встречающейся формой туберкулеза у детей до 14 лет, как и прежде, остается туберкулез внутригрудных лимфатических узлов. В последнее время, диагностика данного заболевания вызывает ряд затруднений, чему способствует уменьшение тяжести течения туберкулеза внутригрудных лимфатических узлов, изменение клинической картины, а также отсутствие бактериовыделения.
Коронавирусная болезнь (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) является инфекцией, вызываемой новым коронавирусом nSARS CoV-2. 11 марта 2020 года ВОЗ объявила вспышку нового типа коронавируса COVID-19 пандемией. Представляет собой одноцепочечный, РНК-содержащий вирус, относится к линии Beta- CoV B семейства Coronaviridae, II группа патогенности (как SARS-CoV и MERS- CoV).
Острый аппендицит (ОА) представляет собой одно из наиболее распространённых заболеваний в ургентной абдоминальной хирургии. Поэтому в практической работе любой болевой синдром в нижней части живота справа предположительно расценивается в первую очередь как острый аппендицит. Однако, несмотря на достигнутые успехи в современной хирургии, на практике сохраняется большое количество патологических состояний, при которых своевременная диагностика острого аппендицита продолжает оставаться актуальной проблемой.
Кәсіби қызметтің кез-келген саласында өндірістік өнімнің сапасы мен жағдайының диагностикасының рольі айрықша. Мұғалімнің кәсіби педагогикалық қызметі, педагогикалық ұжымның қызметі, осы сияқты.
The purpose of the study is to determine the significance of genetic factors in the development of chronic nephritic syndrome in children and to clarify the features of the clinical course
The оbject of research were 129 children aged 4-15 years who were treated for chronic nephritis in the nephrology department of the Samarkand Regional Multidisciplinary Paediatric Medical Centre.
The scientific novelty of the study is as follows:it has been established that the severity of chronic nephritic syndrome in children is associated with clinical manifestations (gradual development, dyspepsia, abdominal pain) and an increase in the amount of Cystatin C in the blood;for the first time, it was revealed that the development of sclerotic lesions due to increased proliferation in patients with the presence of the MMP-9 (A-8202G) rs 11697325 genotypes in chronic nephritic syndrome leads to a worsening of the clinical course of the disease; established early diagnostic marker MMP-9 (A-8202G) rs 11697325 and its tissue inhibitor TIMP-2 (C536T) rs 11551797 in chronic nephritic syndrome in children in the diagnosis of the disease; for the first time, the prognostic value of the alleles of the MMP-9 (A-8202G) rs 11697325 genes and the homozygous G/G genotype in determining the risk of developing the disease in children with chronic nephritic syndrome has been proven.
Implementation of the research results. Based on scientific results of evaluation of the role of polymorphic genes of matrix metalloproteinase and its tissue inhibitors in chronic nephritic syndrome in children: methodological recommendation “The role of polymorphic genes of matrix metalloproteinase and its genetic inhibitors in the development of chronic nephritic syndrome in children” was developed and approved (reference of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 8n-r / 554 of 30.02.2022).
This methodological recommendation made it possible to predict the development of chronic nephritic syndrome in children and improve preventive measures; approved and developed on the basis of scientific results of research on early diagnosis and prognosis of chronic nephritic syndrome “Dynamics of clinical and laboratory parameters in nephritic syndrome in children”, (reference of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 8n-r / 555 of 30.02.2022).
This methodological recommendation made it possible to optimize the diagnosis and treatment tactics for various forms of nephritic syndrome in children;
The results obtained were implemented in the practice of health care, in particular, in the Republican Children's National Medical Center, in the 1st clinic of the Samarkand State Medical University, in the Samarkand Regional Children's Multidisciplinary Medical Center (conclusion No. 8 n-r/324 of 21.06.2022 of the Ministry of Health of Uzbekistan).
The application of the obtained results to practice has made it possible to reduce the frequency of recurrence of the disease in children, prevent complications of the disease, improve the quality of life of patients, diagnose and prevent the disease.
The structure and scope of the dissertation. The dissertation consists of an introduction, 4 chapters, conclusions, practical recommendations. The volume of the dissertation is 120 pages.
Проблема острого аппендицита и его осложнений у детей остается чрезвычайно актуальной проблемой в детской хирургии и определяет необходимость дальнейшего изучения и накопления опыта по совершенствованию эхографии и новейших технологий ультразвуковой диагностике как дополнительного, сравнительно качественно нового, безвредного и экономически необременительного для практического здравоохранения.