The article describes the poetry of the poet Muhammad Zuhayri, known for his unique creative heritage in the Iranian poetry of the new era. In addition to being in the direction of "poem" and "new poem", the poems of Zohariya are unique and colorful, they are close to the work of such creators as Nodirpur, Kasroyi and Umida. Muhammad Zuhari is one of the followers of the founder of the" new poetry", Nimo Yushizh. The poet brought new images to Iranian poetry, enriched his poems with aesthetic pleasure, musical accompaniment of words, refined images of a transparent crystal with a description that does not touch anything. In this regard, the analysis of the poems of Muhammad Zuhari, who was creative in the direction of "new poetry", the study of poetry, indicates the relevance of the article. A lonely bird, a tree and similar images that are waiting for spring in the creative baggage of M. Zuhari can be found in the works of other poets. The analysis of the subject system of images in the poetry of Muhammad Zuhari defines the goals and objectives of the article. The object of the article is the poetry of Muhammad Zuhari, and the subject of the work is the system of images in the poet's poetry. In the poetry of M. Zuhari, great practical importance is attached to the understanding of the poet's skill by studying the diversity of images, the versatility of the poet's poetic skill in the interpretation of images.
This article is devoted to the school of mysticism, which is an integral part of Islam in our country, and its peculiarities. In the context of today's scientific achievements, Movarounnahr is not mentioned among the mystical schools of the Islamic world, and there is a tradition of adding it to the Khurasan school. The school of the mysticism of Movarounnahr is famous mainly in the framework of the activities of Abduhaliq Gijduvani, the seven-pir chain, and Bahauddin Naqshband. However, as one of the first beginners in this field, Muhammad Hakim Termizi's factor is very important, and the combination of all of them plays a special role in the establishment of this direction as a school with its own characteristics. However, as one of the first beginners in this field, Muhammad Hakim Termizi's factor is very important, and the combination of all of them plays a special role in the establishment of this direction as a school with its own characteristics. This commonality has a sharp difference from other Islamic schools of the world. These differences and peculiarities require the study of the Movarounnahr's way of suluk as a "school", which still needs to be sufficiently studied in our country and around the world. It can be said that the distinctive features of the Movarounnahr school of Sufism reached its peak in practice through the activities of Abduhaliq Gijduvani and Bahauddin Naqshband after Muhammad Hakim Termizi sufficiently theoretically perfected it. In its time, this school demonstrated movements of reformism throughout the Islamic world that reflected the true purpose of religion. In particular, Gijduvani and Bahauddin Naqshband appears as a person who firstly practices backdoor dhikr and strengthened this practice and strengthened the socialization of mysticism on the basis of personal maturity through factors such as conversation and professional necessity Both men returned to the realm of mysticism the principle that all Muslims should strive for science, and by developing a system of "rashha" for "saliks", defined a high ideological framework, a disciplined practice - a clearly defined scope of action. Most importantly, all of these rules they introduced were based on the theory of the school of “hakimiya” that was recognized as a separate school in Movarounnahr in the X-XI centuries and founded by Muhammad Hakim Termizi. In particular, rashhas, professions, the primacy of science, and many other aspects were the hallmarks of this school.
The article deals with the analysis of the study of the multifaced, rich, creative, scientific cultural heritage of Abu Khamid Mukhammad Ghazzali who was well known with the title of “Khujjat ul Khaqq”, by the western and Eastern orientalists, scholars who study Ghazzali’s work.
This article discusses the poetry of the People's Poet of Uzbekistan Muhammad Yusuf, his style, the way of expression, and gives examples to prove them. His love for his homeland, using simple words, reaches the depths of the human heart, encourages them to love the history and traditions of our country, urges them not to forget our ancestors who left their mark on the past, to think about Islam as a believer. The period in which Muhammad Yusuf lived was the period of the Soviet regime. Of course, he not only wants his country to be independent, but also strives to contribute to the path to independence, emphasizes his readiness to sacrifice his life for the Motherland, and rebels against chauvinism. As a result of the excessive pressure, injustice and slander against our country by the Center of the former Soviet regime at that time, the poet, as a staunch supporter of the Motherland, rebelled and called on the people to wake up. Poems dedicated to the traitors and traitors who sold their homeland are written among our people, and the theme of indifference to the fate of other nations, including the Crimean Tatar people, is raised. He denounced the war in Afghanistan during the stagnation, saying that the Afghan and Uzbek peoples have always been friends and enemies, and could not bear to make them enemies. Independence ends poems about enemies who could not see him. He believes that one day "Istiqlol kuychisi" will be awarded by his people and will remain in our hearts forever.
In the end of the 19 th and the beginning of the 20 th centuries, Muhammad Rahimkhan Feruz the Second created a unique literary environment in his palace in Khwarazm. Among the prominent poets who were active during this period were Tabibi, Mutrib, Bayani, Avaz Utar, Chokar and Shinasi. The majority of them were bilingual and composed both in Uzbek and Persian. Lavish poetic nights, bayt and ghazal competitions were organized according to the ruler’s order, during which poets recited the samples of their new works. In the literary environment of Khiva bayaz, tazkira and muntakhab collections were compiled as well as various devans, mukhammasat, ghazaliyat and rubaiyat, which were copied by qualified scribers. At present, the significant part of these works are kept in the manuscript fund of Abu Rayhan Beruni Institute of Oriental Studies of
the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan and in Ichan Qal’a Museum of Khiva. Among those one finds the literary heritage of the bilingual poet of Khiva, Mutrib Khanakharab son of Muhammad Hasan divan Hajji Tabib (1853–1923). His poetry were included in the collections of divans and bayaz under the inventory numbers of 2679/II, 903/V, 906/VII.
It is known that some bayaz collections contain Mutrib’s verses not included in his own divan. One of such bayaz collections was copied by Mulla Muhammad Yusuf Chikar bin Muhammad Yusuf divan Kharrot according to the order of Feruz.
In addition to Mutrib’s verses, this collection includes ghazals ascribed to other 21 poets. This source is kept today in the main collection of Abu Rayhan Beruni Institute of Oriental Studies under the inventory number 1184. The article provides a textual analysis of the literary heritage of Mutrib
Khanakharab based on the divan and bayaz collections located in the manuscript collection of Abu Rayhan Beruni Institute of Oriental Studies.
ABSTRACT
This article analyzes from a scientific point of view the Turkic translation of Mirajnama, one of the works devoted to the history of Miraj. Miraj is one of the most famous events in the history of Islam and one of the most important themes in classical oriental literature. In literature, the word "Isra" is used together with the word "Meroj". "Isra" means that the transfer of Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) by the will of Allah from the Al-Haram Mosque in Mecca to the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem during one part of the night. "Meraj" is the ascension of the last Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) from Jerusalem to heaven to Allah. The works dedicated to this event are called "Mirajnama". Such works were originally created in Arabic literature. Later in Persian and Turkic literature, Mirajnama was formed as an independent work. Turkic translations of this work also began to appear. Our scientific article also examines the textual study of the work "Mirajnama", translated into the Turkic language.
This article describes the internal and foreign policy of Afghanistan in the second half of the XIX century, the difficult socio-political situation of the country after the First Anglo-Afghan War, the political relations between England and Afghanistan and various negotiations between them, the attempts of Dust Mohammed, who returned to power, to pursue a policy of unification of the country, his desire from the very beginning to begin all political actions to transform Afghanistan into a centralized state, the restructuring of power and its reform., highlights the fact, that the consequences of several years of fierce war led to numerous human casualties and seriously undermined the economic life of the country, Sher Alikhan, who came to power after Dust Mohammed, he tried to establish peace and
tranquility inside the country, that he carried out extensive reforms inside the country.
This article describes introductory information about a number of new texts written by Khwaja Muhammad Parsa, who had proved and supported Naqshbandi teachings with his scholarly works.
The study and research of written sources related to language learning serves as a mainstay for the development of this field. Therefore, the role of the work of Zakhiriddin Muhammad Babur "Mubayin" in the development of our literary language and national literature is invaluable. The aim of the author's work was a poetic and clear explanation of the science of Sharia to his son Humayun. By the 15th - 16th centuries, the lexical layer of the Old Uzbek literary language had become significantly poorer. Purely Turkish words have been replaced by Arabic, Persian and Tajik. This, in turn, alienated the general public from science and education. This led to the crisis of the old Uzbek literary language. Babur, who understood the process correctly, tried to use pure Turkish words in his works. With this work, Zakhiriddin Muhammad Babur contributed to the development of the Uzbek literary language, the history of the Uzbek literary language, terms, words and phrases in the religious and philosophical spirit of the Uzbek literary language, as well as to the science of Sharia. During the writing of the mubayyn, the artist again introduced obsolete Turkic words into the history of the Uzbek literary language. He also strove to write a work that would be convenient, easy and understandable for the reader of that period. As a result, Mubayin became popular among the people of his day.
In this article, the view that Hafiz Tanish Bukhari, who has been regarded as the author of "Imamqulikhannoma" until now, is Hafiz Tanish Bukhari, who is considered to be the author of the work "Imamqulikhannoma". The article also provides information about the scientific significance of the work, its study, and the condition of the manuscript copy.
This article is devoted to the events regarding the migration of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) from Mecca to Yasrib. When Muhammad (peace be upon him) moved to Yasrib, there lived such Arab tribes as Avs and Khazraj beside the Jewish tribes of Kainuk, Nadir and Kuraiza. The tribes of Nadir and Kuraiza were engaged in agriculture, while the Kainuk tribe was engaged in handicraft, because they did not have produktive lands and lived near the Jews living in Medina had important economic and political status and were in contact with the Arab tribes such as Avs and Hazraj. Since most of the trade in Medina belong to Jews, they were considered as the wealthy tribes of the city. After the migration of Muslims, the Prophet (peace be upon him) made an agreement with the local people to establish peace and harmony between the tribes and protecting the city from enemies. The Prophet (peace be upon him) respected Jews, their holidays and ceremonies, as they were “Ahlul kitab” (People of the Scripture). The article also describes the conditions of the agreement between Muslims and Jews, gives verses (ayah) of the Qur'an and analyzes the views of various Islamic scholars regarding Jews and Muslims
The article is about the creativity of poets who lived in Golkonda in the XV–XVIIth centuries during the reign of the Kutubshah dynasty, such as Muhammad Kuli Kutubshah, and Sultan Ibrahim, his sons – Muhammad and Abdullah and their kulliyats, Muhammad Mazharuddin ibn Nishatiy, about his masnavi "Irshadnama", "Sukh Sahela", as well as poets such as Aminuddin Ala, Kamal Khan Rustami, Mirzo Muhammad Mukimi and others.
The article tells about the scientific work of the great Uzbek scientist Muhammad al-Khwarizmi and his historical merits in the world science. Algorithms are one of the hundred names of al-Khwarizmi. The article details the evolution of this term. The article also shows the role of algorithmic ideas and the al-Khwarizmi scientific school in becoming of well-known European mathematicians such as Leonardo Pisansky, Paccioli and many other Renaissance scientists.
This article is devoted to the study of Alisher Navai's handwritten divans, copied in Khorezm, which are stored in the main fund of the Institute of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences. Also, the divan "Gharayib-al-sighar" No. 2058 copied by Muhammad Yakub Khorezmi in 1901 for the library of Muhammad Rahim Khan II Firuz. The critical text edition of the divan "Khazayin al-maani" was prepared by H. Suleiman.
This article is devoted to the scientific analysis of the work of Munajimbashi Darwish Ahmad "Sahaif ul-Akhbar", which tells a short history from the origin of mankind to the Middle Ages of Muslim and Turkic dynasties. The main goal of the study is to analyze the literature and sources of creativity of that time and today, as well as to show the scientific and practical significance of scientific work. Also, the main task was to assess the role of the source in illuminating medieval history, to assess the detail and sequence of events in this historical work. In the study of the study, historical-comparative analysis, research methods from a historical-chronological point of view were used. Covering the history of the early period of mankind and up to the Middle Ages, the work covers the history of the statehood of the Arab and Turkic dynasties that ruled the Middle East and Central Asia, which increases the value and value of the work. Judging by the value of the work, the part associated with the history of the statehood of the dynasties that ruled in the territories of our country has not been studied. Only parts of the history of Khorezm, translated by Muhammad Yusuf Bayani, have been studied, and it can be seen that no research has been carried out to summarize other opinions on this issue. The study of the work shows that most of the analytical work on this topic was done only in Turkey. Taking into account such factors, we believe that research on this work should be encouraged in our country. In a word, this scientific work can not only describe events from Adam to the reign of Mahmud IV, a representative of the Ottoman Turkic dynasty, but also serve as a historical source on the history of our country.
Мақолада тасаввуф истилои ҳақида олимларнинг қарашлари ва хожагон тариқатининг буюк намояндаси Хожа Муҳаммад Порсонинг зуҳд, тақво, кашфу каромат, сайру сулуклари ҳақида адабий ва тарихий манбаларга таянибмаълумот келтирилган
In this article, during the rule of Sultan Keldi Muhammad, the political situation in Sevinchhojakhan estates of the Shaybanites and the role of the Ferghana Valley in it are studied
The article tells about the scientific work of the great Uzbek scientist Muhammad al-Khwarizmi and his historical merits in the world science. Algorithms are one of the hundred names of al-Khwarizmi. The article details the evolution of this term. The article also shows the role of algorithmic ideas and the al-Khwarizmi scientific school in becoming of well-known European mathematicians such as Leonardo Pisansky, Paccioli and many other Renaissance scientists.
In this article, which is dedicated to the 140th anniversary of the birth of great poet and philosopher, singer of freedom and independence Muhammad Iqbal, the international significance of the thinker's creative activity is considered, the works of scientists and writers of Uzbekistan on the study of the creative heritage of Iqbal are presented, and their content is disclosed.
This article tells about the jurists from Samarkand in the 9th -12th centuries, and their contribution to the development of Islamic jurisprudence. One of the sources on the life of jurists attributed to "Samarkandi" is undoubtedly the work "Kandiyay Khurd" by Abulfayz Muhammad ibn Abdujamol al-Samarkandi. This work describes the life of Samarkand scholars and discusses in detail the names of places around Samarkand. This work has not yet been fully explored. The study of the life of Samarkand scientists is one of the urgent problems of our time.
This article provides information about the literary heritage of our great compatriot Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur, translations of the masterpiece "Babur-nama" into Urdu, and also provides a comparative analysis of the Indian fauna of the definition of an elephant with the text of the original on the example of Mirza Nasiriddin Haydar Kuragani and Yunus Jafari. The comparative analysis focuses on the problem of the author's style. "Baburnama" has been translated into many languages of the world. Translated into some languages several times. Among them are English, Persian, Urdu. There are also four translations in Urdu. The first translation was translated by Mirzo Nasiriddin Haydar Kuragani from the original, that is, from the Turkic-Chigatai language. This translation was first published in 1898, then in 1926 and 1962. The title of the book is "Baburnama". The book consists of 426 pages. The second translation of Babur-name in Urdu was made by Muhammad Qasim Siddiqiu. This translation was published in 1983 and 2010. The book is called “Baburnama” and is 101 pages long. The third translation from Persian was made by Rashid Akhtar Nadavi. This translation was published in 1991 in Lahore (Pakistan). This edition of “Babur-nama” is called “Tuzuke Baburi” and consists of 287 pages. The fourth translation was translated by the professor from India Yunus Jafari. This translation is translated from the Persian translation of Abdurahim Khan Khanan and was published in 2007 in England. The book is called “Vaqayi Babur” and is 396 pages long.