Viral hepatitis C (HCV) is one of the most important problems of modern medicine. According to WHO statistics, there are between 500 and 700 million HCV carriers worldwide. The aim of the study was to study the clinical and immunological features of the course of chronic viral hepatitis C, depending on the genotype of the virus, and to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of immunological disorders. The clinical and laboratory features of the course of chronic viral hepatitis C depending on the genotype of the virus, the immunological features of the course of chronic viral hepatitis C depending on the genotype of the virus were studied, the diagnostic and prognostic value of immunological indicators as objective criteria for assessing the severity of the disease and the prognosis of the disease was determined. We examined 83 patients with chronic viral hepatitis, 35-50 years old with chronic viral hepatitis C, and 20 practically healthy individuals of the same age and gender.
Experiments have shown that toxic hepatitis in the mother will negatively affect the postnatal growth, development and formation and the morphological and functional state of the vascular-tissue structures in the organ of the offspring similar to the mother's organ, causing pathomorphological changes in their vascular-tissue structures, contributing to lag, delay in developmental becoming them.
All this necessitates the development of scientifically grounded therapeutic and prophylactic measures in order to prevent pathology in offspring born and fed by mothers with liver pathology.
Despite a large number of studies conducted in the field of dentistry, including in the field of surgical dentistry, the etiology and pathogenesis of inflammatory complications after tooth extraction have not been fully determined. This slows down the healing process of the hole and the normal formation of bone tissue. At the same time, the occurrence of complications is facilitated by the presence of concomitant pathology in patients. According to new WHO estimates, "... there are 354 million people worldwide living with chronic hepatitis B and C. In the European region, 14 and 12 million people live with hepatitis B and C – one of the main causes of cirrhosis and liver cancer, respectively ...". Currently, viral liver diseases are one of the global problems not only of a medical, but also of a social nature. First of all, this is due to the significant prevalence of viral hepatitis, despite preventive measures. An urgent problem of modern surgical dentistry is the improvement of methods of prevention and treatment after tooth extraction in patients with chronic hepatitis.
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public health problem of the same magnitude as tuberculosis, HIV and malaria. The International Coalition to Eliminate HBV (ICE- HBV) is a coalition of experts to accelerate the discovery of a cure for chronic hepatitis B. After extensive consultations with more than 50 scientists from around the world, as well as with key stakeholders, including people affected by it. We believe that research should focus on discovering interventional strategies that will permanently reduce the number of productively infected cells or permanently silence the covalently closed circular DNA in these cells. There is also an urgent need to create repositories of standardized HBV reagents and protocols that can be accessed by all HBV researchers around the world. The HBV cure research agenda set out in this position paper will make a significant contribution to the goal of eliminating HBV infection worldwide.
Purpose of the study. Determination of the clinical and pathogenetic characteristics of COVID-19 in the early rehabilitation period according to retrospective analysis
Material and research methods. A retrospective analysis of the case histories of 128 patients who underwent COVID-19 and persistent symptoms of the disease was carried out. The number and frequency of underlying diseases and clinical manifestations of various pathological syndromes were determined.
The results of the analysis of case histories of patients showed that 44 patients suffered moderate severity of COVID 19, 45 patients - severe, 39 - extremely severe. 40 patients were diagnosed with a lesion of 25% of the lungs or less (CT 1), in 43 patients - more than 25 to 50% of the lung volume (CT-2), in 32 patients - more than 50 to 75% (CT-3) and in 13 patients - more than 75% (CT-4). On average, the number of background pathologies was 4.53 ± 2.20. The average number of background diseases was significantly higher in patients of the older age group (p <0.001). In patients with severe and extremely severe infections diabetes and obesity were more common (p <0.05 for both comparisons). In the group of patients with moderate severity of infection, chronic viral hepatitis was more common (p <0.05). Clinical syndromes pathogenetically associated with an autoimmune inflammatory reaction were observed in 99 patients (77.34%), cell dystrophy - in 123 patients (96.09%), coagulopathy - in 73 patients (57.03%), fibrosis - in 44 patients (34.38%). Conclusion. According to the data of retrospective analysis, the average number of background diseases was significantly higher in patients of the older age group. Diabetes and obesity were more common in patients with severe and extremely severe COVID-19. In patients with moderate severity of infection, chronic viral hepatitis was more common. The pathogenetic syndrome of an autoimmune inflammatory reaction was observed in 77.34% of patients, cell dystrophy syndromes in 96.09%, coagulopathic in 57.03% and fibrosis in 34.38% of patients.
The purpose of the study is to determine the significance of genetic factors in the development of chronic nephritic syndrome in children and to clarify the features of the clinical course
The оbject of research were 129 children aged 4-15 years who were treated for chronic nephritis in the nephrology department of the Samarkand Regional Multidisciplinary Paediatric Medical Centre.
The scientific novelty of the study is as follows:it has been established that the severity of chronic nephritic syndrome in children is associated with clinical manifestations (gradual development, dyspepsia, abdominal pain) and an increase in the amount of Cystatin C in the blood;for the first time, it was revealed that the development of sclerotic lesions due to increased proliferation in patients with the presence of the MMP-9 (A-8202G) rs 11697325 genotypes in chronic nephritic syndrome leads to a worsening of the clinical course of the disease; established early diagnostic marker MMP-9 (A-8202G) rs 11697325 and its tissue inhibitor TIMP-2 (C536T) rs 11551797 in chronic nephritic syndrome in children in the diagnosis of the disease; for the first time, the prognostic value of the alleles of the MMP-9 (A-8202G) rs 11697325 genes and the homozygous G/G genotype in determining the risk of developing the disease in children with chronic nephritic syndrome has been proven.
Implementation of the research results. Based on scientific results of evaluation of the role of polymorphic genes of matrix metalloproteinase and its tissue inhibitors in chronic nephritic syndrome in children: methodological recommendation “The role of polymorphic genes of matrix metalloproteinase and its genetic inhibitors in the development of chronic nephritic syndrome in children” was developed and approved (reference of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 8n-r / 554 of 30.02.2022).
This methodological recommendation made it possible to predict the development of chronic nephritic syndrome in children and improve preventive measures; approved and developed on the basis of scientific results of research on early diagnosis and prognosis of chronic nephritic syndrome “Dynamics of clinical and laboratory parameters in nephritic syndrome in children”, (reference of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 8n-r / 555 of 30.02.2022).
This methodological recommendation made it possible to optimize the diagnosis and treatment tactics for various forms of nephritic syndrome in children;
The results obtained were implemented in the practice of health care, in particular, in the Republican Children's National Medical Center, in the 1st clinic of the Samarkand State Medical University, in the Samarkand Regional Children's Multidisciplinary Medical Center (conclusion No. 8 n-r/324 of 21.06.2022 of the Ministry of Health of Uzbekistan).
The application of the obtained results to practice has made it possible to reduce the frequency of recurrence of the disease in children, prevent complications of the disease, improve the quality of life of patients, diagnose and prevent the disease.
The structure and scope of the dissertation. The dissertation consists of an introduction, 4 chapters, conclusions, practical recommendations. The volume of the dissertation is 120 pages.
Ўзбекистон Республикасида вирусли гепатит А касаллиги айниқса болалар ўртасида бугунги кунда ҳам тез-тез учраб турибди. Касалликнинг клиник кечиши ва лаборатор натижаларнинг қай даражада ўзгариши касалликни одам организмидага йўлдош касалликлари мавжудлиги ёки болаларда преморбид касалликларни намоён бўлиши билан боғлиқ бўлади. Айрим холларда1 ёшдан 14 ёшгача бўлган болаларда камқонлик, рахит ёки гипотрофия ҳолатларининг мавжудлиги вирусли гепатит А касаллигининг кечиш типиклигига таъсир кўрсатади. Натижада вирусли гепатит А касаллигининг клиник белгилари яққолроқ намоён бўлади, лаборатор биокимёвий кўрсаткичлар ҳам ўзига мос равишда юқори кўрсаткичларни ташкил қилади ва касалликнинг соғайиш муддатлари ҳам узоқроқ давом этади
The purpose of the study was to determine and evaluate the features of morphological changes in the liver parenchyma of 5-month-old white outbred rats under the influence of anti inflammatory drugs under conditions of polypharmacy.
The object of study for experimental studies was taken 250 white male rats weighing 200-250 g.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows: polypharmacy of anti-inflammatory drugs negatively affects all parameters of liver structures. Under the influence of polypharmacy, there is a decrease in the absolute mass of the liver, volume and morphological parameters of the liver parenchyma. The decrease in morphometric parameters depends on the number of drugs in polypharmacy; under conditions of polypharmacy, the state of the hepatic capillaries and internal bile ducts, as well as biological membranes, was studied, as a result of which the structural structure of the liver, the development of destruction of the hepatic tissue were studied, and the morphofunctional foundations of this condition were shown.
Implementation of the research results. Based on the obtained scientific results, the morphofunctional characteristics of the liver of rats in the norm and under the influence of polypharmacy were determined:
Approved methodological recommendations: "Methodology for determining the morphometric parameters of the liver during polypharmacy of anti-inflammatory drugs" (Conclusion No. 8n-r / 265 dated 14.03.2022 of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan) and "Methodology for determining the morphometric parameters of the liver during polypharmacy of anti-inflammatory drugs" (Uzbekistan, Conclusion of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 8 n-z 180 of 2022), electronic program No. DGU 1038 "Program for studying the comparative characteristics of morphological changes caused by polypharmacy in the liver."
The scientific results obtained in the study of morphological and functional properties and morphometric changes in the structure of the liver under the influence of polypharmacy have been introduced into the practice of the Samarkand branch of the Republican Specialized Oncological and Radiological Scientific and Practical Medical Center of the Samarkand City Medical Association (Order of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated March 14, 2022, 8n-r / 265-No. and conclusion No. 8 n-z 180 of 2022). The implementation of the obtained research data allows developing methods for early diagnosis, treatment and prediction of organopathology by morphological parameters, improving the quality of life and reducing the number of complications.
The structure and scope of the dissertation. The structure of the dissertation consists of an introduction, three chapters, a conclusion and a list of references. The volume of the dissertation was 103 pages.
Печеночная недостаточность является тяжелым состоянием, сопровождающимся печеночной энцефалопатией и полиорганной недостаточностью с чрезвычайно высокой летальностью, даже при проведении интенсивной терапии. Лечение тяжелой печеночной недостаточности продолжает оставаться одной из основных проблем в клинической медицине. Экспериментальные модели позволяют дать комплексную оценку и разработать методы адекватной коррекции печеночной недостаточности, что не всегда возможно в клинических исследованиях. Поэтому воспроизведение в эксперименте на животных моделей печеночной недостаточности, близких к клиническим условиям, все еще необходимо. Существуют три основных подхода для воспроизведения печеночной недостаточности у животных: хирургические манипуляции, токсическое повреждение печени и инфекционный процесс. Среди токсических моделей наиболее широко применяется тетрахлорметан индуцированная печеночная недостаточность.