No. 2 (2025) UNIVERSAL INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL

Nowadays, new types of inflammation are emerging. Each of them is related to the activity of individual organs and organ systems. In general, all diseases are actually "Inflammation". Their development is different depending on acute and chronic conditions. This article presents information about their molecular mechanisms and some of the plants used in folk medicine to combat it

This work studies the analytical representation of plane and straight line equations in space, their types, geometric interpretation, and mutual localization cases. In a three-dimensional coordinate system in space, general, point-vector, and normal equations of the plane are introduced. Also, parametric and direction vector equations of a straight line are covered. During the work, the relationship between a plane and a straight line, the conditions for their intersection, and the cases of parallelism and perpendicularity are analyzed. Also, attention is paid to important geometric concepts such as the distance from a point to a plane or straight line, angle, and projection.

This topic occupies an important place in the analytical geometry section of mathematics and is widely used in the fields of engineering, physics, and computer graphics. As a result of the work, students will acquire the skills to represent and analyze the main geometric objects in space in an analytical form.

This work studies the analytical representation of plane and straight line equations in space, their types, geometric interpretation, and mutual localization cases. In a three-dimensional coordinate system in space, general, point-vector, and normal equations of the plane are introduced. Also, parametric and direction vector equations of a straight line are covered. During the work, the relationship between a plane and a straight line, the conditions for their intersection, and the cases of parallelism and perpendicularity are analyzed. Also, attention is paid to important geometric concepts such as the distance from a point to a plane or straight line, angle, and projection.

This topic occupies an important place in the analytical geometry section of mathematics and is widely used in the fields of engineering, physics, and computer graphics. As a result of the work, students will acquire the skills to represent and analyze the main geometric objects in space in an analytical form.

The article discusses the main methods and technological possibilities for the production of handicrafts based on resource efficiency. The garment manufacturing process talks about saving resources, increasing product efficiency, reducing costs and being environmentally efficient

The article analyzes the significance of adhesion technologies in the production of fur products, their types and application methods, as well as trends in the development of these technologies in modern industry

This article presents a study of the physical, mechanical and hygienic properties of women's outerwear made of natural fur and leather

This article is devoted to the technology of obtaining functional flour from wheat grain.

The issue of rational use of water resources is one of the important problems facing our country. According to the climatic conditions, Uzbekistan is located in the hilly area. Therefore, sustainable development of agriculture (especially irrigated agriculture) without irrigation is unthinkable. Population growth, industrial development, and the expansion of irrigated land areas lead to an increase in the need for water resources, both in terms of quantity and quality. In order to get out of this situation, it is necessary to find ways to rationally use existing water resources, improve the efficiency of the irrigation system, distribute water correctly, and use water wisely in the fields. For this, a different approaCh to the distribution of water-saving technologies and even to the distribution of crops is necessary. Water is a priceless blessing, and since ancient times in our country, water has been considered a source of life, considered the first factor of livelihood, considered sacred, protected and used sparingly. These views have not lost their essence even today. Not only agriculture, the entire ecosystem and biosystem cannot be imagined without water. The development of agriculture on the whole earth has become a vital necessity. Population growth continues in most regions and the globe as a whole. Based on this, the population in the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan is growing rapidly, and currently it is about 37 million people. The average comparative growth of the population in the last 100 years is about 300-400 thousand people per year in the Republic. This, in turn, increases the demand for food and water.

This study studies the spread of the Heteroptera Category (Pyrrehochoris Apterus and Nezara Viridus and Nezara Viridus and Nezara Viridula) and the impact of the exposure of the Viridula) and the impact of the exposure of agricultural crops. Continental climate of the valley (+ 27 ... + 35 ° C summer temperatures, and the large number of irrigated lands and the main factors increases the population density of the valley. In the study, the pharmophaggs of the panic is shown to loss of 15-30% of cotton, alfalfa and rice. Integrative control The strategies of the population is invited, including the use of pheroo traps, agro-technical measures, neonosis and natural enemies. The results of the study emphasize the need to use molecular biology and geoinformation in ensuring the sustainability of agroecularities

This article examines the reasons for the rise of the Shaybanids to power, their system of government, their relations with neighboring states, and the overall significance of this process. The process of establishing the Shaybanid rule in Transoxiana is analyzed based on historical sources and scientific literature

This article explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) elements in digital education environments and the methodology for their application. AI technologies offer opportunities to personalize learning, analyze data, and improve students' knowledge levels. The article discusses the advantages of AI in education, methods for its implementation, and future prospects. It emphasizes the importance of integrating AI into educational processes to make learning more engaging, effective, and innovative

In this state, the authors analyze the free-form graphics and methods of their application in the educational process. Graphics are an effective way to convey visual information to the audience and provide them with the necessary information. The authors highlight the types of graphics that are used, their advantages, methods of communication, and teaching performance. They also provide recommendations on the requirements for the creation of graphics and ways to improve it. It is emphasized that creating clear infographics allows making educational materials more interesting, useful and effective

This article analyzes the content and essence of regulatory and legal documents that govern the teaching activities of preschool educators. The preschool education system is an essential stage in ensuring the comprehensive development of children. Therefore, regulatory documents that regulate the pedagogical activities of educators play a crucial role in improving their work efficiency, developing methodological approaches, and defining their legal responsibilities

In today's developing era, the role of the continuing education system in the process of forming and developing the spiritual worldview of young people is incomparable. This article, based on the experience of developed countries, studies the mechanisms of assimilation of moral, aesthetic, cultural and social values ​​​​by young people through educational processes. It also examines effective methods, innovative approaches to continuing education and their impact on the spiritual development of young people. The article develops recommendations that will be useful for the education system of Uzbekistan by analyzing international experience

Dysarthria is a speech disorder that causes disturbances in some aspects of speech, including pronunciation or rhythm, and didactic games play a significant role in effectively combating it. The article shows the use of didactic games in eliminating speech defects through individual and group activities, as well as the effectiveness of these games in helping children and adults develop. Through games, it is possible to create a more stimulating environment, improve language understanding, correct pronunciation, and improve speech. Didactic games are used as an innovative approach to developing speech activity in children

Nowadays, in many developed societies, there is an increasing demand for green materials due to environmental reasons, fuel depletion and growing environmental concerns. Future generations are required to be more aware of the challenges faced by industry and suppliers due to the availability of resources and to use sustainable and renewable raw materials. In this context, cellulose can be expected to be an important source for materials due to its abundance, versatility as a biopolymer, diverse forms and potential applications. This article aims to provide a brief overview of the recent advances in cellulose composites, different cellulose sources, production and processing techniques for solvents, as well as their properties

This article covers the history and stages of development of kayaking and canoeing, issues related to the development of this sport in our country, and provides information on the methodology for selecting young athletes. The methodology for selecting young athletes in kayaking and canoeing is studied. The theoretical and methodological foundations of physical education and sports training are analyzed, and the criteria for assessing the physical, psychological and technical readiness of young athletes are highlighted. Recommendations are also given for the selection process, taking into account the individual abilities, genetic factors and growth dynamics of athletes. The article also considers the scientific and methodological foundations of athlete training and methodological approaches to increasing its effectiveness

This article analyzes the main tasks of social service agents in the mahalla, the services they provide to the population and their importance in society. It also discusses ways to improve the professional activities of agents and increase their efficiency. The author provides detailed information about the assistance provided by the agency to the population in need of social protection - orphans, people with disabilities, low-income families and the elderly. The role of the agency in solving social problems, providing psychological, material and legal assistance to the population, as well as strengthening social cohesion in the mahallas is also analyzed.

The article also puts forward proposals and recommendations on improving the efficiency of social services in the mahalla, strengthening its material and technical base and developing human resources. This article is of significant theoretical and practical importance for social specialists, researchers and mahalla activists.

The article provides detailed information on the technical and tactical preparation of football players, and also describes in detail the methods of increasing the level of physical fitness. Attention is paid to special training methods for developing the endurance, speed, strength and coordination of movements of football players. The impact of modern sports science and technology on physical fitness is also studied, and training programs suitable for football players of different ages and levels are proposed. The article highlights the importance of aerobic and anaerobic training, rehabilitation methods and nutrition in the preparation of football players. At the same time, best practices and scientific research results on increasing physical fitness are presented

In the context of modern economic and technological development, effective risk management and ensuring financial stability have become priority tasks for organizations, especially for large financial institutions such as the National Bank of Uzbekistan. Internal audit plays a crucial role in the internal control system, contributing significantly to the transparency of processes, optimization of operations, and risk mitigation. This article focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of internal audit at the National Bank of Uzbekistan, with particular emphasis on the interaction between internal audit and other departments of the organization, as well as methods for assessing and improving the internal audit function. Based on the analysis of existing data and calculations, recommendations are made for enhancing internal control methods and improving the effectiveness of internal audit, considering the digitalization and automation of processes in the financial sector

This article examines phraseological units related to education in English and Uzbek languages, analyzing their meanings, cultural significance, and linguistic characteristics. The study reveals that English idioms often emphasize the effort and struggle involved in learning, while Uzbek phraseology highlights wisdom, moral development, and teacher respect. A comparative analysis demonstrates similarities and differences, reflecting distinct cultural attitudes toward education. Understanding these phraseological units enhances cross-cultural communication and contributes to linguistic studies

• This article describes the definition of words and word combinations, their characteristics and types. In addition, the role and importance of word combinations in the field of translation is explained with specific examples and definitions. The difference between word combinations and sentences, words, and texts is compared. The practical importance of word combinations in the Uzbek language and their role in linguistics are emphasized

The article discusses the important role of archaeological, historical data, historical sources, Arabic and Chinese sources in the study of the history of the cities of Central Asia in the modern and medieval periods. The article analyzes the importance of medieval cities in economic, economic and cultural life, as well as their role in industrial and trade routes. The location of the formation, geographical composition and socio-economic background of the cities are highlighted, and their role as trade centers is considered. , caravan routes, information about activities in markets and centers of crafts. The article discusses the role of medieval cities in international and international trade and the expansion of economic relations with them

This article examines the practice of internal audit of material and production resources (MPR) using the example of Namangan State University (NamSU) in Uzbekistan. In the context of limited resources and growing demands for quality education, particular attention is paid to the efficient management of material assets. The article presents methods for assessing the effectiveness of MPR utilization, such as cost analysis and resource utilization coefficient calculation. Data on expenditures for various types of resources at NamSU are provided, issues and deficiencies in management are identified, and recommendations for optimizing accounting and control processes are suggested. The study confirms that effective use of material resources not only reduces costs but also enhances the quality of educational services.

This article provides information on the development and financing of innovative activities in our country, ensuring the rapid development of industrial enterprises in various sectors of the economy. Methods of financing innovative activities in manufacturing enterprises are analyzed. It is shown that state programs, bank loans, venture capital, private investments and international financial sources play an important role in the development of innovations. It also gives recommendations on creating effective financing mechanisms, improving the investment climate and strategies for supporting innovative projects. The article also covers problems encountered in the financing process and ways to solve them