Том 3 № 9 (2024): Development of pedagogical technologies in modern sciences

Age-related characteristics of the nervous system and family nervous activity are fully described in this article

This scientific-theoretical article examines how the character "Orphan" appears in literature and folklore. The fact that the orphanage motif has made its way from folklore to traditional written literature is evidence of the work's applicability to real-world study. In this article, the issue of orphanhood was examined as a real issue from the past and today based on folk art.

Ushbu maqolada Forelli teoremasining analogi oʼrganilgan.

Profilaktika inspektorining huquqbuzarliklar profilaktikasida Adliya organlari bilan xamkorlikda profilaktik faoliyatini tashkil etish amaldagi qonun xujjatlarida belgilangan xuquqbuzarliklar profilaktikasining asosiy vazifalari xamda chora–tadbirlaridan biri sifatida jamiyatda xuquqiy ong va xuquqiy madaniyatni yuksaltirish, qonuniylikni mustaxkamlash, axoli o‘rtasida xuquqiy targ‘ibot va tashviqot ishlarini olib borish belgilangan. 

In this article, the general properties, usage, and linguistic meanings of synonyms and their mutual equivalents have been studied by comparison. Also, while we have studied synonyms in many ways, such as syntax, lexicology, and semantics, the novelty is that in modern linguistics, the types and different meanings of synonyms are studied in more depth. The sources of synonyms and their application in the context are closely related areas, which are related to the meanings of words.

Taʼlim jamiyatda ijtimoiy dunyoqarashni rivojlantirib, odamlarning savodxonlik darajasini oshiradi, ishsizlikni kamaytirib, aholining ehtiyojmandlik darajasini kamaytirdi. Umuman hisobda, jamiyatning bilimlilik darajasi ijtimoiy taraqqiyotga asos bo‘lishi, savodxonlik yuqori bo‘lgan “mamlakat ishlab chiqarish, aholi bandligi borasida nisbatan kengroq imkoniyatlarga ega bo‘ladi. Bunday mamlakatlarda odatda ishsizlik va ishga layoqatli aholining ish izlab boshqa davlatlarga borish darajasi past. O‘qimishli odamning maʼlumotsiz odamga qaraganda ish topishi osonroq. Barcha mamlakatlarda ishsizlik darajasi har doim maʼlumoti past yoki yo‘q aholi orasida yuqoridir”[1]. Shu bois mehnat bozorida ishsizlik yoki ishga yetarli maosh to‘lamaslik talabgorning maʼlumoti va kasbiy layoqati bilan belgilanib, barcha ijtimoiy muammolar bilimsizlik, taʼlim saviyasining pastligi bilan izohlanadi.

The article considers the functions of paralinguistic means in written and oral speech. The use of paralinguistic means is very diverse and is used in all speech acts, both in oral and written communication. In the structure of the utterance, paralinguistic means act as paraphonational and parakinesic means. The author analyzes excerpts of works by foreign writers and makes an argument about the polyfunctionality of paralinguistic means.

In this article, the emergence of the Jadidism movement, its place in the life of the Bukhara Emirate, the manifestations of the Jadidism movement, in particular, the role of Usmonkhoja Polathojhayev in these movements are highlighted. Also, the reforms in the field of education, the work carried out at different stages in the field of education and training were scientifically analyzed.

Ushbu maqolada “Mahbub ul-qulub” asaridagi antonim va kontekstual antonimiya haqida so‘z yuritilgan bo‘lib, adibning antonimlar qo‘llash mahorati haqida fikr-mulohazalar bayon qilingan.

Ushbu maqolada ona tili darslarida axborot va innovatsion texnologiyalardan foydalanish bo’yicha metodik va pedagogik tavsiyalar berilgan. Shuningdek ona tili darslari orqali o’quvchilar tarbiyasini ijobiy tarafga yo’naltirish mumkinligi yoritib berilgan.

Ushbu maqolada tilshunoslikda tilga qanday ta’riflar berilgani va tilning  jamiyatda aloqa quroli vazifasini bajarishi uning kommunikativ vazifasini tashkil qilishi haqida qisqacha to’xtalib o’tilgan. 

Электронный микроскоп — это прибор, предназначенный для просмотра и фотографирования объектов с увеличением до 10⁶ раз. В целом принцип работы оптического микроскопа и электронного микроскопа одинаков. Оптический микроскоп представляет собой систему, состоящую из световых лучей и стеклянных линз, меняющих свое направление. В электронном микроскопе вместо световых лучей это пучок высокоэнергетических электронов, ускоренных в глубоком вакууме, а для изменения направления этих электронов используются электромагнитные линзы (рис. 1).

This study explores the complex aspects of translating social protection terminology between English and Uzbek. Applying a rigorous analytical framework, he studies the structural-semantic and lexicographic properties of these terms, clarifying their morphological patterns and semantic structures. Based on data from bilingual dictionaries, corpus, and academic literature, the study identifies translation problems arising from cultural, conceptual, and linguistic differences. Highlighting these complexities, the study promotes the development of translation theory and practice in the field of social protection speech, emphasizing the need for accurate and culturally sensitive translations for effective cross-cultural communication.

This article explores British children's literature has its particular historic status and social value. From the Industrial Revolution to Children's Literature Revolution: A Study on Modern and Contemporary British Fairy-tale Stories illustrates the main thread of the artistic components and evolutionary trend in the history of British children's literature. It enriches the content and broadens the horizons of foreign literature studies in Uzbekistan. British children's literature has a rich and ever-evolving history, offering a fascinating journey through changing times and evolving ideas about childhood, education, and storytelling.

В данной статье рассматривается взаимосвязь между секуляристским мышлением и расширением прав и возможностей сообщества. Анализируются основные черты секуляризма, такие как рационализм, критическое мышление, терпимость и плюрализм, и демонстрируется, как эти принципы могут способствовать расширению прав и возможностей сообщества. Особое внимание уделяется тому, как секуляризм может помочь преодолеть дискриминацию и неравенство, а также создать более справедливое и инклюзивное общество.

Chemotherapy is one of the most common forms of cancer treatment. But chemotherapy does a lot more than get rid of cancer. Chemotherapy (often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx) is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents or alkylating agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen. Chemotherapy may be given with a curative intent (which almost always involves combinations of drugs) or it may aim to prolong life or to reduce symptoms (palliative chemotherapy). Chemotherapy is one of the major categories of the medical discipline specifically devoted to pharmacotherapy for cancer, which is called medical oncology[1,2,3].

Maqolada loyihaga asoslangan ta’lim, uning turlari, loyiha tushunchasi va xususiyatlari va uni oliy ta’lim muassasasida talabalarni kasbiy faoliyatga tayyorlashdagi o‘rni haqida fikr yuritilgan.

Huquqbuzarlik va kasalliklarning oldini olishni bevosita amalga oshiruvchi idoralar o‘rtasidagi hamkorlik murakkab va qiyin tajriba bo‘lishi mumkin. Ikkala agentlikning ham maqsadlari, vazifalari va ishiga yondashuvlari turlicha bo‘lib, umumiy til topishni qiyinlashtiradi. Biroq, ular birgalikda harakat qilsalar, o‘z jamoalarida o‘zgarishlar uchun kuchli kuch yaratishlari mumkin. Ushbu idoralar o‘rtasidagi hamkorlikning asosiy afzalliklaridan biri jinoyat va kasalliklarning asosiy sabablarini bartaraf etish qobiliyatidir.

Статья рассматривает важность и методы развития коммуникативных навыков у бакалавров на занятиях по русскому языку как иностранному. Приведены примеры использования разных методов преподавания русского языка как иностранного.

Мазкур мақолада талончилик жиноятининг тушунчаси, жиноий-ҳуқуқий тавсифи, ижтимоий хавфлилиги, ушбу жиноятларнинг бошқа жиноятларга нисбатан ўзига ҳос жиҳатлари, унинг олдини олиш чора тадбирлари келтириб ўтилган.

В промежутке достаточно длительного периода времени образовательная система чётко разграничивала обычных детей и детей с нарушениями в развитии.  Но современные учёные утверждают о несправедливости и жестокости такого разграничения. Все дети должны общаться и взаимодействовать между собой.  Именно по этой причине в современной системе образования возникло новое направление – «инклюзивное образование».

Nutq nuqsoni boʼlgan bolalar og‘zaki nutqidagi kamchiliklarning samarali korreksiyasini amalga oshirish uchun avvalo nutq nuqsonlarining harakteri, tarkibi va individual xususiyatlarini ochib berishga yo‘naltirilgan har tomonlama puxta diagnostikani o‘tkazish lozim, deb hisoblaymiz.

В данной статье рассматривается культура проектирования личного и профессионального информационного пространства будущего специалиста в социальных сетях. Результаты показывают, что социальные сети играют важную роль в формировании личного и профессионального бренда специалиста, а также способствуют развитию коммуникативных и деловых навыков. Однако, существует ряд рисков, связанных с неправильным использованием социальных сетей, таких как нарушение конфиденциальности и репутационные риски. В статье предлагаются рекомендации по эффективному проектированию информационного пространства в социальных сетях и минимизации рисков.

This article provides a comparative analysis of verbs in English and Uzbek, languages from distinct linguistic families. It explores their morphological structures, syntactic functions, and semantic roles. While English verbs exhibit relatively simple inflectional patterns, relying on auxiliary constructions, Uzbek verbs demonstrate rich agglutination with multiple suffixes. Syntactically, English follows SVO order, while Uzbek adheres to SOV order. Semantically, both languages cover a wide range of verb roles but differ in expressing tense, aspect, mood, and modality. This analysis enhances cross-linguistic understanding, shedding light on how languages evolve to meet communicative needs.

Ушбу мақолада мурдани эксгумация қилиш тергов ҳаракатига оид нормаларни такомиллаштириш масалалари ёритилган бўлиб, шу масалага оид юридик адабиётлар ва айрим хорижий мамлакатларнинг жиноят-процессуал қонунчилиги нормалари таҳлил қилинган. Таҳлил ва тадқиқотлар натижаларига кўра муаллиф томонидан мурдани эксгумация қилишга оид нормаларни такомиллаштириш бўйича таклиф ва тавсиялар ишлаб чиқилган.

В данной статье представлен систематический анализ фауны нематод тыквы, выращиваемой в Алтыарикском районе. По данным анализа, в стеблях и листьях растения тыквы нематоды не обнаружены, в корне обнаружены 9 видов (58), в почве вокруг корня - 21 вид (107). Большинство видов встречаются только в почве. Некоторые виды, такие как Eusephalobus striatus, Panagrolaimus rigidus, Aphelenchus avenae, Bitylenchus dubius и Pratylenchus pratensis, были обнаружены в почве вокруг корней и корней.

Статья рассматривает преимущества использования интерактивных технологий на уроках литературы в современной школе. Автор утверждает, что цифровые инструменты способствуют повышению мотивации и интереса к предмету, развитию критического мышления, углублению понимания текста и развитию коммуникативных навыков. В статье приведены конкретные примеры использования видео, аудио, онлайн-ресурсов, игр, социальных сетей и других инструментов для оживления уроков литературы. Автор делает вывод, что интерактивные технологии не заменяют традиционные методы, а дополняют их, делая обучение более эффективным и современным.

The article presents the problems of depreciation of the national age and its socio-philosophical analysis. The question of the occurrence of national value in crisis in modern society and its impact on social stability has been studied.

Maqolada xitoy va o‘zbek tillarida taqlid so‘zlarning tilshunos olimlar tomonidan tadqiq qilinishi, taqlidlarning har ikki til grammatikasida tutgan o‘rni tahlil qilingan holda ularning qaysi turkumga xosligi borasida so‘z yuritiladi. Taqlid so‘zlarni tasniflashda so‘z turkumlarining ahamiyati va ularning turkumlanishi bilan bir qatorda muallif o‘zbek tilshunoslari Usmonov, Qo‘ng‘urov, Abdurahmonov; xitoy tilshunos olimlari Ding Shengshu, Ma Djen, Vang Li kabi bir necha tilshunos olimlar guruhi qarashlari va ular o‘rtasidagi farqlarni yoritib beradi.

In this article, representatives of Jadid, as intellectual and selfless children of their people, are increasingly occupying a central place in social life. and impact on nature, positive and negative consequences of this impact, technical development and its prospects, rational use of natural resources, etc.

Bugungi kunda mamlakatimizda yoshlarda yangicha dunyoqarashning shakllanishi va uning ifoda etilishida notiqlikning o‘rni kuchayib bormoqda. Shu maqsadda bir qator soha talabalari, xususan huquqshunoslik yo‘nalishi talabalarida notiqlik san’atining mavjud bo‘lishi muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Huquqshunos o‘z faoliyatida inson va mamlakat taqdiriga daxl qilar ekan, u bilimlarga ega bo‘lish bilan birgalikda savodli yoza bilishi, chiroyli gapirish va notiqlik san’atidan xabardor bo‘lishi darkor. Maqolada xorijiy mamlakatlar va O‘zbekiston Respublikasida notiqlik san’ati borasidagi faoliyat tadqiq etilgan hamda huquqshunoslar uchun notiqlik borasidagi dastlabki bilimlar sifatida bir qator tavsiyalar berilgan.

In this thesis, quotes are given about the new law on education, types of education, reforms in the education system. The goals and objectives of the research conducted in connection with the study of reforms in the educational system are determined.

The article presents the data on the yield performance of new cultivars of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) (chili pepper) suitable for planting in greenhouses. Yield indicators were 5.6 kg/m² in the control option, when planted in the first and second options of the experiment the indicator was 5.9 kg/m², or 26.8-30% less than the control. In the variant with a delay of 10 days in planting, the yield was 9.1 kg/m² or 3.2 kg/m² more than the control, the LCD₀₅ index was 3.8, the accuracy of the experiment was S=4.1%

For the further development of music and art in Uzbekistan, it is important to train real talents who work hard in this field. It is the main task of music schools to provide primary knowledge to such talented people. In this regard, studying the activities of music schools, focusing public attention on their achievements and existing problems will be the basis for future achievements in the art of music.

This article has developed over centuries in Central Asia, including Uzbekistan, and puppetry has become one of the people's favorite and most enjoyable shows with its creative activity as a popular performance art from the earliest times.  

Ushbu maqolada yozuvchi Qamchibek Kenja ijodiga oid “Yashil barg” va “Chimildiqda berilgan so‘z” hikoyalaridagi aks etgan ijtimoiy muammolar talqini haqida so‘z boradi.

Ushbu maqolada bastakorlik ijodiyoti xususida  qadimgi musiqiy risolalar, tazkira va adabiy asarlardan bizgacha yetib kelgan qimmatli ma’lumotlar keltirilgan. Shuningdek, yaqin o‘tmishda o‘zbek bastakorlik san’ati musiqashunoslar tomonidan qanday masalalar kesimida o‘rganilganligi bayon qilingan.  

Mazkur maqolada zamonaviy ta'lim unsurlari, zamonaviy ta'limdagi muammolar va ularga yechim, yosh pedagoglarning salohiyatini oshirish yuzasidan fikrlar yuritilgan.

Ushbu maqolada shaxsga yo’naltirilgan ta’lim metodlari, ulardan samarali foydalanishning  ingliz tilini puxta o’rganishdagi ahamiyati haqida fikr yuritilgan.

Ushbu maqolada bastakorlik ijodiyoti xususida  qadimgi musiqiy risolalar, tazkira va adabiy asarlardan bizgacha yetib kelgan qimmatli ma’lumotlar keltirilgan. Shuningdek, yaqin o‘tmishda o‘zbek bastakorlik san’ati musiqashunoslar tomonidan qanday masalalar kesimida o‘rganilganligi bayon qilingan.  

The purpose of the study was to study the organization of the exocrine and endocrine parts of the pancreas in animals with normal and impaired glucose tolerance. The results were obtained after studying the pancreas of outbred male dogs aged 3-4 years; the structural features of the organ in animals with normal and impaired glucose tolerance were determined at the organ, tissue, cellular and subcellular levels. Specific features of the organization of the exocrine and endocrine parts of the gland in a state of prediabetes are highlighted.