XUMAY ONA TIMSOLI: TARIX, AFSONA VA MA’NAVIYAT QO‘SHILMASI

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XUMAY ONA TIMSOLI: TARIX, AFSONA VA MA’NAVIYAT QO‘SHILMASI

Yuldosheva Feruza Yashin qizi

Osiyo Xalqaro Universiteti o’qituvchisi

yuldoshevaftarix@gmail.com

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15346787

Annotatsiya.

O‘zbek xalqining qadimiy tarixida ayol timsoli har doim muqaddas

sanalgan. Ayniqsa, “ona” so‘zi nafaqat biologik ma’noda, balki xalqning ruhiy-ma’naviy

hayotida, madaniy merosida yuksak martabaga ega bo‘lgan. Shu jumladan, “Xumay ona”

timsoli xalq og‘zaki ijodi, afsona, doston va tarixiy manbalarda o‘ziga xos o‘rin egallaydi. Bu

timsolning ildizlari turkiy xalqlarning qadimiy dunyoqarashiga, mifologiyasiga va ruhiy

qadriyatlariga borib taqaladi. “Xumay ona” obrazi orqali xalqimizning ayolga, onaga bo‘lgan

munosabati, himoya, mehr-oqibat va sabr-toqat timsoli sifatidagi qarashlarini ko‘rish mumkin.

Mazkur maqolada Xumay ona timsolining kelib chiqish manbalari, u bilan bog‘liq afsona va

rivoyatlar, adabiy asarlarda qanday talqin etilgani hamda u orqali xalq ma’naviyatida

shakllangan qadriyatlar yoritiladi.

Kalit so’zlar:

Xumay ona, meros, afsona, mifologiya, xalq og‘zaki ijodiyot.

“Xumay” so‘zining o‘zi turkiy va forsiy tillarda turlicha izohlanadi. Fors tilida “humoy”

yoki “humo” degan so‘z baxt qushi, osmoniy ilohiy qush ma’nolarini beradi. Turkiy

mifologiyada esa Xumay ona ko‘proq ayol-qo‘riqchi, qabila onasi, ilohiy kuchga ega ona timsoli

sifatida e’tirof etiladi...

Xumay ona siymosi tarixiy shaxs sifatida ba’zi manbalarda ham tilga olinadi. Jumladan,

Amir Temur nasl-nasabiga oid ayrim rivoyatlarda uning ajdodlaridan biri Xumay ona deb

ataladi...Xumay ona yoki Xumo qushi obrazi o‘zbek mumtoz adabiyotida ham keng qo‘llaniladi.

Alisher Navoiy asarlarida, xususan “Lison ut-Tayr”, “Farhod va Shirin”, “Layli va Majnun”

dostonlarida xumo qushi timsoli ilohiy qudrat, ruhiy yuksaklik, baxt va najot timsoli sifatida

ishlatiladi...Xumay ona siymosining eng muhim jihati – u xalqimizning ruhiy hayotida ona

timsolining muqaddasligi, ayolga bo‘lgan hurmat va ehtirom timsoli sifatida qaralganidir...

Xumay ona afsonasi

– bu o‘zbek xalq og‘zaki ijodining qadimiy va go‘zal

namunalaridan biridir. U milliy qadriyatlar, ona mehri, ayolning hayotdagi o‘rni, mehr-oqibat va

tabiatga bo‘lgan munosabatni o‘zida aks ettirgan chuqur ma’noli afsonadir.

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Afsonaning mazmuni:

Qadim zamonlarda bir yurt bo‘lgan. Bu yurtda odamlar tinch-totuv yashar, tabiat bilan

uyg‘unlikda hayot kechirishar edi. Bu yurtda

Xumay

ismli go‘zal, mehribon va dono bir ayol

yashagan. U yurtga ona bo‘lganidek, tabiatga, insonlarga ham mehr bilan qaragan. Shuning

uchun ham uni

Xumay ona

deb atashgan.Xumay ona xalqni doimo yaxshi yo‘lga boshlagan,

ularni sabr-toqat, halollik, mehnat va mehr-oqibatga undagan. U nafaqat odamlarga, balki

qushlarga, hayvonlarga, daraxtlarga ham mehr ko‘rsatgan. Odamlar uni hurmat qilgan,

farzandlari esa uni o‘z onasidek ardoqlagan.Ammo bir kuni yurtga falokat keladi. Qurg‘oqchilik,

ocharchilik, kasallik odamlarni qiynay boshlaydi. Shu paytda Xumay ona xalqni asrash uchun

ilohiy kuchlardan yordam so‘rab, o‘zini qurbon qiladi. U osmonga ko‘tarilib,

xumoy qush

(xumay qushi)ga aylanadi. Shundan keyin yurtga baraka qaytadi, yomg‘ir yog‘adi, dalalar

ko‘karadi, xalq yana baxtli yashay boshlaydi. Odamlar har gal osmon uzra parvoz etayotgan

xumoy qushini ko‘rsalar, “Xumay ona bizni unutmadi” deb duo qilishgan. Shuningdek, afsonaga

ko‘ra, xumoy qushi boshiga soyabon solgan kishiga omad, baxt va davlat keladi, degan ishonch

ham paydo bo‘lgan.

Afsonaning ma'nosi va tarbiyaviy ahamiyati:



Xotin-qizlarga hurmat:

Xumay ona obrazi orqali ayollarning mehribonligi,

donoligi va fidoyiligi ulug‘lanadi.



Ona tabiatga ehtirom:

Afsonada tabiatga bo‘lgan munosabat juda samimiy

tasvirlanadi.



Mehr va fidoyilik:

Xumay ona xalq farovonligi uchun o‘z jonini fido qilishi

orqali fidoyilik timsoliga aylanadi.



Umid va baxt ramzi:

Xumoy qushi keyinchalik baxt, omad va yuksalish

timsoliga aylangan.

Xulosa

Xumay ona timsoli o‘zbek xalqining qadimiy madaniy xotirasida shakllangan ulug‘ ayol

obrazidir. U faqat afsona va tarixiy shaxs emas, balki xalqimizning ruhiy-ma’naviy olamida

mustahkam o‘rnashgan ramzdir.

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