All articles - Pediatrics
Number of articles: 1394
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Defects of childrens developments who were born from epilepsys disaeased parentsThe research task was to study developmental anomalies, stigma of diembriogenesis and various mal-formations in children whose parents took anti- epileptic drugs. The children were divided into subgroups ac-cording to the age, they underwent an anthropometric study, a clinical and neurological examination instru-mental analysis. It was found in the process of acquiring defects in children born from fathers with epilepsy
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Possibilities of ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland in children of adolescents in TashkentIn order to study the possibility of early detection of thyroid disease in children using ultrasound, a pre-ventive examination was conducted of 169 schoolchildren, students in grades 5 and 9 of four schools in the Mirzo-Ulugbek district of Tashkent. The results of a survey of adolescents showed that in 153 children, the echographic picture of the thyroid gland corresponded to the age characteristics. The volume of thyroid in children was within the normal range. However, 4 (2.4%) children had colloidal nodes, and colloidal cysts - 12 (7.1%) children. No child had clinical manifestations of dysfunction of the gland. The high frequency of detec-tion of these formations in the older group of children seems to be associated with the acceleration of growth processes. The highest percentage of thyroid gland colloid formations in boys 15–16 years of age corresponds to the active stage of sexual development. Adolescent children are recommended to conduct an ultrasound ex-amination of the thyroid gland for the early detection and prevention of diseases
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
RISK FACTORS FOR THE FORMATION OF CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS IN CHILDREN OF ALL AGE CATEGORIESThe progression of glomerulonephritis (GN) after exposure to various initial factors is determined by rather stereotyped processes that gradually lead to sclerosis. Purpose of the study: to determine the risk factors for the formation of chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) in children of all age categories. Materials and methods of research: 249 sick children with GN were under observation. ЛИ patients were examined for general blood tests, urine tests, urine tests according to Nechiporenko and Zimnitsky. functional, biochemical research methods were carried out. Results of the study: comparative characteristics of family history and life history made it possible to determine the role of risk factors for the development of GBV in children. Consequently, comorbid pathology and risk factors act as predictors of the formation of GN in children and the transition of the process to chronicity.
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Treatment and prevention of dental diseases in children with diabetes is one of the most important and complex problems of dentistry. Its relevance is characterized by a high frequency of periodentin inflammatory diseases, the occurrence of chronic infections in the body. The increase in the prevalence and intensity of dental diseases is due to the low level of sanitary and hygienic knowledge and skills, irregular visits to the dentist. -
The purpose of the work is to study the topographic anatomy and macroscopic structure of the gallbladder and biliary tract in newborns, children and adolescents. Material and research methods. The object of the study was 54 corpses of newborns, children and adolescents of both sexes up to 16 years old. with body weight from 3.0 kg to 55 kg, who died for reasons not related to pathology of the liver and bile ducts. Studied in detail the formation of the common bile duct, the options for its formation. Results, /\ge-related changes in the topography of the ducts concerned the length, diameter, depth, the number of branches and the severity of anastomoses between segmental branches and between the lobar ducts. The diameter of the common hepatic duct ranged from 1.1 mm to 5.0 mm, the right hepatic duct from 0.87 mm to 3.06 mm. and the left hepatic duct from 0.89 mm to 3.03 mm in different age groups. The length of the total hepatic duct is from 4.5 mm to 35.8 mm. When considering the angles of incidence between the common hepatic and left and right ducts varies. Conclusion. The results showed that in children of all age groups the formation of the common hepatic duct is variable; 2 to 5 intrahepatic ducts take part in its formation, while the number of ducts coming from the right lobe of the liver prevails. -
We examined 52 patients under the age of one year who Were hospitalized in the children’s Department 1 of SamMI in Samarkand in 2018 - 2019; 19 of them were under the age of 6 months; 29 boys and 23 girls. Staphylococci were isolated in 43 children, the control group consisted of 9 patients in whom staphylococci were not detected. A total of 215 strains of staphylococci were isolated from children's feces. And sensitivity to antibiotics (penicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin, levomycetin, tetracycline, cephalosporins, and erythromycin) was studied. Staphylococci are quite often and in large quantities sown from the feces of children with dyspeptic disorders. Staphylococci are characterized by the presence of pathogenicity enzymes and toxigenic properties. Dedicated staphylococci were sensitive to gentamycin and Cefotaxime. -
Determination of the immunoglobulins level in infants blood Serum depending on the nature of feedingThis article examines a survey of 115 children who were divided into 2 groups. Group I consisted of 37 children aged 15 days to 2 months, group II included 78 children aged 2 to 6 months. The predominant class of immunoglobulins in the blood serum of the examined children was immunoglobulin G. Its concentration in children of the first age group was 5.75 ± 0.26 g/1. The content of immunoglobulin M in the blood serum of the observed children (in group 1 -0.83 ± 0.05 g /1; in group 2-0.99 ± 0.05 g /1) was significantly higher than in healthy children (0.32 ± 0.14 g) g/1 and 0.48 ±0.16 g/1. The same changes were observed in the concentration of class a immunoglobulin (in group 1, 26 ± 0.05 g / I, in group 2-0.39 ± 0.03 g/1, in healthy children, The IgA content was 0.07 ± 0.05 g/1 and 0.15 ± 0.10 g /1 for age groups.
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Modern condition of the morbidity of the organ of vision in childrenAt present, a person is faced with growing actions on his body of various external, chemical and biological factors. The organ of vision, as part of the body, is also affected by these factors, including environmental ones. Mentioned factors affect not only the structure of the organ of vision, but also disrupt its activity, which is expressed by the development of various pathologies.
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
From the first days of their lives, newborns experience primary pain due to neonatal screening, primary treatment and blood collection for laboratory analysis. As a result of untreated analgesia, the risk of developing neurological consequences is high and prevention is necessary. -
Chronic pyelonephritis in children: peculiarities of physical development In communication with anemic and sideropenic syndromeThe study of the physical development of children already in the early stages of chronic pyelonephritis, in conjunction with anemic and sideropenic syndromes, can reveal deviations from normal development that require further study for targeted preventive measures
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
It has been established that the anthropometric indices of students of 7-11 years of both sexes engaged in chess correspond to age and gender standards. While students of 4 grades of both sexes who have been engaged in chess for more than 3 years have a higher academic performance in the subjects "mathematics" and "informatics", however, in this cohort of children the morbidity rates are higher, especially with signs of vegetative changes (45%) -
Effect of complex treatment on indicators of endogenous intoxication in Chronic pyelonephritis in childrenTheaim of this work was an attempt to evaluate the effect of сomplex treatment on some endogenous in-toxication indicators in chronic pyelonephritis developed on the background of dismetabolic nephropathy (DMN) (DCHP). Patents and methods. A survey of 130 children DCHP, aged 4 to 15 years. Patients were di-vided into 3 groups depending on treatment method. Results. Comparative assessment of the results of the study of endogenous intoxication conducted after treatment in children with DСHP, depending on the method of treatment, demonstrated the effectiveness of "renal tyubazh" compared to other methods of therapy. Conclu- sion. The use of complex treatment of "renal tyubazh" when DCHP is the most appropriate method of therapy. This method leads to the restoration of the TCA (total concentration of albumin) and ECA (effective concentra-tion of albumin) in the blood, TCA and SMP (medium molecular peptides) in the urine
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Bioelektric activity of the brain in children with consequences of perinatal injuries of the central nervou systemThe bioelectrical activity and its changes on the EEG have been studied, which reflect the severity of functional disorders and are manifested by various pathological phenomena, the correct interpretation of which allows one to assess the degree of functional disorders of the central nervous system
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
The impact of iodinedeficiency states on the physical development of childrenWe analyzed, the problem, of iodine deficiency by the example of the school region, distribution of frequency of endemic goiter depending on sex and age and revealed, negative influence of it on the parameters of children's physical growth and. development
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Children chronic pyelonephritis in the background of disturbed uric acid Exchange: features of anamnesis and clinical and laboratory characteristicsA comparative clinical, laboratory and instrumental evaluation of 62 children with chronic pyelonephritis has been carried out. Il has been revealed that the clinical picture of pyelonephritis occurring against the background of uric nephropathy is characterized by a pronounced clinical symptoms characteristic of increased uric acid metabolism.
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Comparative clinic-laboratory indices in varions Forms of hemolytic disease in newbornsWe examined 16 children with hemolytic disease of newborns for Rh conflict and 14 for conflict with ABO system. It has been revealed that the state of birth in patients writh hemolytic disease of the fetus by Rh-factor is more severe compared to the disease by ABO system and are dependent on hematological indices detected in birth: red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit.
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Peculiarities of the response of the respiratory disorder syndrome in deeply- DiseasedTwenty deeply depressed with respiratory distress syndrome were examined. It was revealed that this syndrome in deeply premature in the early neonatal period is characterized by a change in the surfactant system, the clinical picture of which is characterized by a prolonged development of respiratory failure symptoms, disseminated small atalec-tasis. and air bronchogram symptoms from the first days of life.
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Main risk factors for the development of respiratory distress sindrome In newborns depending on the age of hetationThe main risk factors for the development of the respiratory disorders syndrome in 60 newborns of various periods of gestation were identified, based on a study of the social - biological and obstetric history. We know that significant antenatal risk factors for the birth of deeply premature babies with respiratory disorders were aggravated gynecological and obstetric anamnesis whereas in premature gestation 33-36 months and full- term risk factors were the pathology of labor.
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The use of l-karnitin in newborn infants with perinatal hypoxic lesions of the central nervous systemIn the light of scientific research, a deficiency of carnitine is observed in newborn children, which leads to disruption of the process of fatty acid transfer into the mitochondria. In groups of children from 60 newborns with various pathologies of the central nervous system (CNS), carnitine was included in the treatment; on the basis of clinical laboratory and instrumental methods of research, positive dynamics was established at a faster time with the restoration of normal activity of mitochondria succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and alpha glycer- ophosphate dehydrogenase (αGDPH).
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Improvement of methods of pre-operational preparation of scoliotic disease in ChildrenThe indications for the use of an optimized preoperative treatment and diagnostic complex for the preparation of paravertebral tissues and the contents of the spinal canal for radical correction in children with scoliotic disease of grade IV were determined. The proposed method extends the capabilities of a practical orthopedic-vertebrologist in assisting sick children with this disease.
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Surgical treatment of non-consolidated fractures of the humeral condyle head in childrenThe experience of operative treatment in 116 children with incomplete fractures and pseudoarthrosis of the condyle of the humeral head is presented. The reasons for nonunion are errors of diagnosis and treatment of patients. Also important is the intraarticular nature of the fracture, the condition of the broken fragment from cartilage tissue and bone tissue, the contact of heterogeneous tissues in the presence of a lateral proximal small (4-5mm) displacement of the bone fragment, which is the cause of the extended period of bone-cartilage callus beyond the redistribution the accepted period of immobilization of the joint. A method for fixing a bone fragment, proposed by the authors, and a method of operation for treating pseudoarthrosis of the humeral condyle of the humerus by bone grafting, taken from the diaphysis of the fibula of the patient himself, is described. Excellent results were obtained in 43.3%. good results were observed in 46.2%, satisfactory - in 5.3%, and unsatisfactory - in 5.3% of patients.
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Characteristics of heart rate variability in children with spastic forms of infantile cerebral palsyThe article estimates character and variability of the rhythm of the heart in children with spastic forms of infantile cerebral. All the groups of children surveyed by means of a computer program measured heart rate variability, which will allow to evaluate compensatory and adaptive capabilities and dynamics of the child's rehabilitation potential. According to the study of HRV in children with cerebral palsy, signs of autonomic dys-function and a decrease in the body's adaptive reserves are determined in the form of a decrease in the overall functional state.
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Clinical-epidemiological characteristics of mumps infection in children and adolescents in samarkand regionThe article presents clinic-epidemiological estimates of 263 patients with mumps infection for 2014 - 2016. Analysis of the data obtained showed, along with an increase in the incidence, a significant shift in the older age group (13-18 years), an increase in combined and severe forms of illness in adolescents and young men, and a shift in the seasonality of mumps in the hot season (May-July), In comparison with the literature data
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Clinical and laboratory significance of lipid peroxidation and sistem of antioxidant defense of the organism of children with glomerulonefritis69 children with acute (OGN) and 59 with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) hospitalized in the nephro-logic department were examined. Blood and urine for analysis in patients are taken during the period of activi-ty of OGN and exacerbation of CGN, for the first time the days of admission to the hospital. Patients with OGN and CGN showed distinct seasonal fluctuations in LPO activity (p <0.001), a significant increase in the phos- pholipase activity of urine and blood compared to the control indices (p <0.001), a significant increase in the cytotoxic lipid lipophosphatidylcholine fraction (LFX) (p <0.001), a decrease in the level of phosphatidylcho-line (PX) (p <0.001), a reduction in mechanical resistance (p <0.001) and erythrocyte deformability (p <0.001). In the examined patients, the level of α-tocopherol (p <0.001) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p <0.001), catalase and peroxidase in the blood (p <0.001) was decreased, while the activity of antiox-idant and antiperoxide enzymes in urine increased (p < 0.001). It has been established that in patients with acute respiratory depression and CGN in aggravation, the activity of lipid peroxidation is increased, the eryth-rocyte FLase activity of erythrocytes and A2 FLase decreases, the level of SOD of erythrocytes decreases, cata-lase and peroxidase activity of the blood, as well as the percentage of LFH in erythrocyte membranes, the me-chanical resistance and deformability decrease red blood cells
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Diagnostic value of cardiomarkers and tissue enzymes in cardiomiopathies in childrenPurpose: to study the diagnostic value of cardiomarkers and tissue enzymes in cardiomyopathy in chil-dren. 104 children aged 1 to 17 years with cardiomyopathies, hospitalized in cardio-rheumatological depart-ments of the RSSPMCP of Pediatrics in Tashkent and RDMMC in Nukus were examined. As a result of the studies, it was found that in children with cardiomyopathy, there is an increase in tissue enzymes LDH, CPK and MB fractions of CPK, which are associated with the degree of myocardial dysfunction and significantly higher in children with cardiomyopathy, depending on the region of residence and the form of the disease. These enzymes can be considered highly specific biochemical markers, and the increase in their activity - the criteria for the development of cardiomyopathies. In children with cardiomyopathies, there is a progressive increase in endothelin level as the prescription and progression of the disease increase, which can be regarded as a prognostic criterion for the flow of cardiomyopathies
Journal problems of biology and medicine
