Jild 17 № 2 (2025)

Аннотация: в условиях глобализации и растущих требований к профессиональной компетентности владение иностранным языком становится необходимым навыком не только для филологов, но и для студентов технических, экономических, медицинских и других нефилологических специальностей. Метод CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) предлагает эффективный подход к изучению английского языка через интеграцию предметных знаний и языкового обучения. В данной статье рассматриваются особенности применения CLIL в обучении студентов нефилологических направлений, его преимущества, а также возможные трудности при внедрении.

Аннотация: в условиях глобализации и растущих требований к профессиональной компетентности владение иностранным языком становится необходимым навыком не только для филологов, но и для студентов технических, экономических, медицинских и других нефилологических специальностей. Метод CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) предлагает эффективный подход к изучению английского языка через интеграцию предметных знаний и языкового обучения. В данной статье рассматриваются особенности применения CLIL в обучении студентов нефилологических направлений, его преимущества, а также возможные трудности при внедрении.

Аннотация: в условиях глобализации и растущих требований к профессиональной компетентности владение иностранным языком становится необходимым навыком не только для филологов, но и для студентов технических, экономических, медицинских и других нефилологических специальностей. Метод CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) предлагает эффективный подход к изучению английского языка через интеграцию предметных знаний и языкового обучения. В данной статье рассматриваются особенности применения CLIL в обучении студентов нефилологических направлений, его преимущества, а также возможные трудности при внедрении.

Аннотация: в условиях глобализации и растущих требований к профессиональной компетентности владение иностранным языком становится необходимым навыком не только для филологов, но и для студентов технических, экономических, медицинских и других нефилологических специальностей. Метод CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) предлагает эффективный подход к изучению английского языка через интеграцию предметных знаний и языкового обучения. В данной статье рассматриваются особенности применения CLIL в обучении студентов нефилологических направлений, его преимущества, а также возможные трудности при внедрении.

Аннотация: в условиях глобализации и растущих требований к профессиональной компетентности владение иностранным языком становится необходимым навыком не только для филологов, но и для студентов технических, экономических, медицинских и других нефилологических специальностей. Метод CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) предлагает эффективный подход к изучению английского языка через интеграцию предметных знаний и языкового обучения. В данной статье рассматриваются особенности применения CLIL в обучении студентов нефилологических направлений, его преимущества, а также возможные трудности при внедрении.

Современные тенденции развития рынка труда требуют от организаций Республики Узбекистан не только высокой производительности, но и способности гибко адаптироваться к изменениям в экономике, цифровизации и международным требованиям. В этих условиях особенно актуальным становится компетентностный подход к оценке персонала, который направлен на выявление соответствия работников ключевым требованиям профессии и корпоративной культуре. В отличие от традиционных методов, основанных на стаже работы и уровне образования, компетентностный подход фокусируется на реальных навыках, знаниях, личностных характеристиках и поведенческих моделях, необходимых для успешного выполнения профессиональных обязанностей.

Investitsiya dasturlarini takomillashtirish mamlakat iqtisodiy rivojlanishining muhim omillaridan biri hisoblanadi. Investitsiya jarayonlarini optimallashtirish, moliyaviy manbalarni diversifikatsiya qilish, innovatsion va raqamli texnologiyalarni keng joriy etish orqali iqtisodiy samaradorlikni oshirish mumkin. Shuningdek, xalqaro tajribalarni o‘rganish va davlat-xususiy hamkorlikni rivojlantirish investitsion siyosatning muvaffaqiyatli amalga oshirilishiga xizmat qiladi. Yashil iqtisodiyot va barqaror rivojlanishga qaratilgan investitsiyalar esa kelajak avlodlar uchun qulay iqtisodiy va ekologik muhit yaratishga yordam beradi.

Raqamli iqtisodiyot, texnologik taraqqiyotning so'nggi yillik natijasi sifatida, iqtisodiy faoliyatning barcha sohalarida chuqur o'zgarishlarni keltirib chiqarmoqda. Korxonalar va tashkilotlar, yangi raqamli vositalar va yondashuvlar yordamida o'zlarining operatsion samaradorliklarini oshirishga intilmoqdalar. Bu holat, shubhasiz, operatsion auditning o'rni va vazifalarini qayta ko'rib chiqishni talab etadi, chunki an'anaviy metodlar yangi raqamli muhit talablariga javob bera olmaydi.

Anotatsiya: Mazkur  maqola  jamiyatda  shaxsga  doir  ma’lumotlarni himoya  qilish  ijtimoiy-huquqiy  munosabatlarda  qanday o‘rin egallashi,  uning shaxsiy hayot daxlsizligi huquqi bilan o‘zaro bog‘liqligi, shaxsga doir ma’lumotlar sir saqlanishining oʻziga xos xususiyatlari, tushunchasi, turlari va jamiyatimizdagi ahamiyati taxlil qilingan. Shuningdek, suniy intellektning shaxsga doir ma’lumotlar havfsizligiga ta’siri, shaxsga doir ma’lumotlarning daxlsizligini ta’minlashda milliy va xalqaro qonunchilikda belgilangan normalar yoritilgan.

Annotation: This article explores the differences in politeness across various languages and cultures, highlighting how social norms, traditions and linguistic structures shape the expression of politeness. By comparing examples from different cultural and linguistic contexts, the article sheds light on the diverse ways politeness is perceived and practiced worldwide. The findings emphasize the importance of understanding cultural differences in politeness to promote effective cross-cultural communication and mutual respect.

Аннотация: Эта статья исследует различия в выражении вежливости в различных языках и культурах, подчерчивая, как  социальные нормы, традиции и языковые структуры формируют проявления вежливости. Сравнивая примеры из различных культурных и языковых контекстов, статья освещает разнообразные способы восприятия и практики вежливости во всем мире. Результаты подчерчивают важность понимания культурных различий в вежливости для содействия эффективной межкультурной коммуникации и взаимного уважения.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqola turli tillar va madaniyatlar o'rtasidagi muloyimlik farqlarini o'rganadi, ijtimoiy normalar, an'analar va til strukturalarining muloyimlik ifodalanishiga qanday ta'sir qilishini ta'kidlaydi. Turli madaniy va lingvistik kontekstlardan misollarni solishtirish orqali maqola muloyimlikning dunyo bo'ylab qanday qabul qilinishi va amalda qo'llanilishini ko'rsatadi. Topilmalar muloyimlikdagi madaniy farqlarni tushunishning ahamiyatini ta'kidlaydi, bu esa samarali madaniyatlararo muloqot va o'zaro hurmatni rivojlantirishga yordam beradi.

Annotatsiya. Mazkur maqolada qiyosiy pedagogika fanini o‘qitishda ta’limiy metodlardan foydalanish masalasi hususida ayrim fikr-mulohazalar bayon etiladi. Shuningdek maqolada, metod haqida tushuncha, metoni qo‘llashning avfzalliklari, qiyosiy pedagogika fanini o‘qitishda samarali bo‘lgan metodlarning tavsifi keltirib o‘tilgan.

Абстрактный. В статье представлены некоторые мысли об использовании образовательных методов в преподавании сравнительной педагогики. В статье также дается понимание метода, преимущества использования метода и описание эффективных методов преподавания сравнительной педагогики.

Annotation. This article presents some thoughts on the issue of using educational methods in teaching comparative pedagogy. The article also provides an understanding of the method, the advantages of using the method, and a description of effective methods in teaching comparative pedagogy.

Annotatsiya:  Maqolada firma va iqtisodiy hodisalarni hal qilishda  differensial hisobning ahamiyati haqida so’z  boradi. Matematikadagi ayrim tushunchalarni iqtisodiyotdagi o’rnini masalalar orqali ko’rib chiqamiz.

Annotatsiya:Bugungi kunda jahonda tijorat banklarining kredit portfeli ortib bormoqda. Bu albatta nafaqat banklarga daromad balki muammoli kreditlar hajmining oshishiga olib keladi. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida muammoli kreditlarni samarali boshqarish yo’llari yoritib berilgan.

Аннотация:сегодня кредитный портфель коммерческих банков в мире растет. Это обязательно принесет не только доход банкам, но и увеличит объем проблемных кредитов. В этой статье описаны способы эффективного управления проблемными кредитами в коммерческих банках.

Abstract: today, the loan portfolio of commercial banks in the world is growing. This is sure to bring not only income to banks, but also increase the volume of problem loans. This article describes ways to effectively manage problem loans in commercial banks.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida aholi depozitlarining himoyasini ta’minlashga qaratilgan mexanizmlarni takomillashtirish strategiyalari tahlil qilinadi. Bank tizimining barqarorligini mustahkamlash va mijozlarning moliyaviy institutlarga bo‘lgan ishonchini oshirish maqsadida zamonaviy sug‘urta mexanizmlari, tartibga solish va nazorat tizimlari hamda xalqaro tajribaga asoslangan yondashuvlar o‘rganiladi.

Abstract:This article analyzes strategies for improving mechanisms to ensure the protection of household deposits in commercial banks. To strengthen the stability of the banking system and increase public trust in financial institutions, modern insurance mechanisms, regulatory and supervisory systems, as well as approaches based on international experience, are examined.

Аннотация:В данной статье анализируются стратегии совершенствования механизмов обеспечения защиты вкладов населения в коммерческих банках. В целях укрепления стабильности банковской системы и повышения доверия клиентов к финансовым институтам изучаются современные механизмы страхования, системы регулирования и надзора, а также подходы, основанные на международном опыте.

Annotatsiya: Hozirgi kunda tijorat banklari turli xil bank xizmatlarini yo‘lga qo‘yish strategiyalarini ishlab chiqmoqda. Ulardan biri islomiy bank xizmatlarini joriy etish va rivojlantirish hisoblanadi. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida islomiy moliyaviy xizmatlarni tashkil etish imkoniyatlari va istiqbollari yoritilgan.

Аннотация: В настоящее время коммерческие банки разрабатывают стратегии внедрения различных банковских услуг. Одним из направлений является внедрение и развитие исламских банковских услуг. В данной статье освещены возможности и перспективы организации исламских финансовых услуг в коммерческих банках.

Abstract:Currently, commercial banks are developing strategies for implementing various banking services. One of these directions is the introduction and development of Islamic banking services. This article highlights the opportunities and prospects for establishing Islamic financial services in commercial banks.

Annotatsiya: Jahon miqyosida tijorat banklarining iqtisodiyotga ta’siri tobora ortib bormoqda. Bank kapitali ularning moliyaviy barqarorligi va mustaqilligini belgilovchi asosiy omillardan biri hisoblanadi. Hozirgi kunda O‘zbekistonda banklar kapitallashuvi jarayoni turli yo‘nalishlar bo‘yicha rivojlanmoqda. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarining kapitallashuv darajasini oshirish va uni takomillashtirish masalalari atroflicha yoritilgan.

Abstract:The impact of commercial banks on the economy is steadily increasing worldwide. Bank capital is a key indicator ensuring the financial stability and independence of commercial banks. Currently, the capitalization process of banks in Uzbekistan is developing in various directions. This article explores the issues of improving and enhancing the capitalization of commercial banks.

Аннотация: Влияние коммерческих банков на экономику во всем мире неуклонно растет. Банковский капитал является ключевым показателем, обеспечивающим финансовую стабильность и независимость коммерческих банков. В настоящее время процесс капитализации банков в Узбекистане развивается в разных направлениях. В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы совершенствования и увеличения капитализации коммерческих банков.

Annotatsiya: Global miqyosda bank tizimidagi chuqur o‘zgarishlar boshqa mamlakatlarning bank sektoriga ham sezilarli ta’sir ko‘rsatdi. Tijorat banklarida raqamli texnologiyalarning jadal rivojlanishi ularning transformatsiya jarayonini tezlashtirdi. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarini modernizatsiya qilishda ilg‘or xorijiy tajribalarni qo‘llash masalalari yoritilgan.

Abstract:Fundamental changes in the global banking system have significantly influenced the banking sectors of other countries. The rapid development of digital technologies in commercial banks has accelerated their transformation processes. This article examines the application of advanced international practices in the modernization of commercial banks.

Аннотация:Глубокие изменения в мировой банковской системе оказали значительное влияние на банковский сектор других стран. Быстрое развитие цифровых технологий в коммерческих банках ускорило их процессы трансформации. В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы применения передового зарубежного опыта в модернизации коммерческих банков.

Annotatsiya: Kichik biznes mamlakat iqtisodiyotining rivojlanishida muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Ularning moliyaviy resurslarga bo‘lgan talabini qondirishda tijorat banklari asosiy rol o‘ynaydi. Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekistonda kichik biznes subyektlarini moliyalashtirish jarayoni, shuningdek, "Biznesni rivojlantirish banki" ATB misolida kreditlash amaliyoti va uning samaradorligi tahlil qilinadi.

Abstract: Small businesses play a crucial role in the economic development of a country. Commercial banks play a key role in meeting their financial resource needs. This article analyzes the financing process of small business entities in Uzbekistan, as well as the lending practices and efficiency of "Business Development Bank" JSC.

Аннотация: Малый бизнес играет важную роль в развитии экономики страны. Коммерческие банки выполняют ключевую функцию в удовлетворении их потребностей в финансовых ресурсах. В данной статье анализируется процесс финансирования субъектов малого бизнеса в Узбекистане, а также практика кредитования и эффективность АКБ «Банк развития бизнеса».

Abstract:   This thesis is aimed at to explain the peculiarities of English and Uzbek proverbs, their differences according to two different nations’ cultures, compare the proverbs’ structures in English and Uzbek. As English proverbs contain semantic-syntactic structure, historical, cultural and structural features, it is essential to differentiate lingua-cultural differences between English and Uzbek language. In this article, such cases of these two languages are discussed.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu tezisda Islom moliyasida g’arrarni (noaniqlikni) oldini olish usullari tahlil qilinadi. Islom moliya tizimida g’arrar taqiqlangan bo‘lib, u iqtisodiy barqarorlik va adolat tamoyillariga zid hisoblanadi. Tadqiqotda g’arrarning oldini olish uchun shaffoflik va aniq shartnomalar, riskni adolatli taqsimlash, halol moliyaviy vositalardan foydalanish, aktivlarga asoslangan moliyaviy operatsiyalar va shariat nazorati kabi asosiy usullar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, ushbu tamoyillarga rioya qilish orqali moliyaviy operatsiyalarning adolatli va barqaror bo‘lishi ta’minlanadi. Islomiy moliya institutlari shariat talablariga mos keladigan moliyaviy vositalarni ishlab chiqish orqali g’arrarning oldini olishni yanada samarali amalga oshirishi mumkin.

          Annotatsiya: Psixologik hizmat asoslari, psixologiya sohasidagi asosiy qonun va tamoyillardir. Ushbu asoslar, psixologik tadqiqotlarni amalga oshirish, ma'lumotlarni to'plash va tahlil qilish, psixologik masalalarni yechish va psixologik ko'mak ko'rsatish jarayonida muhimdir.

ANNOTATSIYA. Maqolada chet tilini o‘zlashtirish jarayonining psixologik jihatlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Psixologiyaning ta’limdagi o‘rni va uning pedagogika va tilshunoslik bilan aloqasini o‘rganadi. Maqolada xorijiy tillarni o‘qitishda psixologik nazariyalarni qo‘llash usullari, o‘qituvchining kasbiy til kompetensiyasi, o‘quv predmeti va o‘quvchilarning individual xususiyatlarini hisobga olish omillari, ayniqsa chet tillarini o‘rganish motivatsiyasi muhimligini ta’kidlaydi.Maqolada o‘qitishning intellektini oshirish jarayonidagi bosqichlarning xarakteristikasi keltirilgan. Klassik psixoanaliz ota-ona va bola munosabatlarini bolaning shaxsiy rivojlanishi markaziga qo‘yadigan birinchi ilmiy yo‘nalish bo‘lganligi ma’lum.

Abstract: This article discusses the current problems of teaching foreign languages using new innovative pedagogical technologies. Despite rapid advancements in educational tools, language teaching still faces challenges in methodology, adaptability, and student engagement. The paper analyzes how modern technologies such as digital platforms, interactive applications, and blended learning methods are transforming the teaching process. However, issues such as teachers’ digital competence, lack of tailored materials, and limited classroom time remain significant obstacles. The research highlights the need for continuous teacher training and the development of creative, student-centered approaches. The role of motivation and interactive communication in mastering foreign languages is emphasized. Furthermore, the article explores the integration of AI and virtual reality in language classrooms. The study concludes by suggesting practical recommendations for effective technology-based language instruction.

Abstract:.Language learning is a complex process that involves multiple skills and strategies. Among the various resources available to language learners, books stand out as one of the most valuable and enduring tools. This article explores the role of books in language acquisition, highlighting their significance in providing structure, promoting active learning, and offering cultural insights. Books offer a comprehensive approach to learning a language, from enhancing vocabulary and grammar to fostering an understanding of idiomatic expressions and cultural contexts. The flexibility and accessibility of books make them ideal for learners of all levels, allowing them to study at their own pace and choose materials that match their interests and proficiency. By engaging with books, learners can build long-term retention, improve their reading comprehension, and develop a deeper connection to the language. This article discusses how books, whether textbooks, novels, or reference materials, can become lifelong companions in the language-learning journey, aiding learners in achieving fluency and mastery.

Abstract: Spoken and written English differ significantly in structure, style, and purpose. Spoken English is often informal, spontaneous, and context-dependent, featuring contractions, pauses, and non-standard grammar. It relies on intonation, body language, and immediate feedback for meaning. In contrast, written English is more structured, formal, and carefully revised, following grammatical conventions for clarity and coherence. While spoken language allows for real-time interaction and adaptability, written communication ensures permanence and precision. Understanding these differences is essential for effective communication in various social, academic, and professional contexts. This article explores these distinctions, their implications, and strategies for mastering both forms of language

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an integral part of modern society, significantly impacting various sectors such as healthcare, finance, education, and transportation. This paper discusses the role of AI in these fields and its broader implications for social life. In healthcare, AI enhances diagnostic accuracy and improves patient care through advanced data analysis and predictive modeling. In finance, it aids in fraud detection and enhances customer service by automating processes. In education, AI facilitates personalized learning experiences and streamlines administrative tasks. Meanwhile, in transportation, autonomous vehicles and intelligent traffic management systems contribute to increased safety and efficiency. However, the rapid development of AI also raises ethical concerns, including issues of bias, privacy, and job displacement. The paper emphasizes the need for responsible development and regulation of AI technologies to harness their potential benefits while mitigating associated risks. Overall, while AI can positively influence society, a cautious and informed approach is essential to ensure its responsible integration into everyday life. Keywords:  Artificial Intelligence (AI)  Machine Learning  Deep Learning Natural Language Processing (NLP) Automation Data Analytics Predictive Modeling Ethics in AI  Bias in Algorithms Autonomous Systems Smart Technologies Human-Computer Interaction AI in Healthcare  AI in Finance AI in Education

Annotatsiya: Ushbu tezisimizda Boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining nutqiy komponentlarini rivojlantirishning ilk boshqichlari va 1-4-sinf o‘quvchilarida maktab o‘qish savodxonligi darsliklarida keltirilgan adabiiy asarlar asosida nutq komponentlarini shakillantirishga qaratilgan dastlabki ishlar mazmuni yoritilgan.

Abstract: This article investigates the influence of sustainable environment on the decision-making process of tourists when selecting their travel destinations. It examines the role of natural beauty, climate, environmental quality, biodiversity, and the growing importance of sustainability in shaping tourist preferences. The research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how the environment affects tourism trends and offers recommendations for stakeholders in the tourism industry to align their strategies with the evolving preferences of environmentally conscious travelers.

Аннотация: Ушбу мақолада ХIХ аср охири — ХХ аср боши Тошкент шаҳридаги масжидлар безагида кошинкорлик санъатининг ўрни ўрганилган.

Аннотация: В статье рассматривается роль искусства керамики в оформлении мечетей Ташкента в конце XIX — начале XX вв.

Аннотатион: The article examines the role of ceramic art in the decoration of Tashkent mosques in the late 19th – early 20th centuries.

Abstract: Language is an important communication tool in everyday life, and an understanding of how language reflects and shapes gender roles can provide valuable insights into the social construction and perception of gender in society. Many psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, and other researchers into language and gender have shown a keener interest in the differences between men and women in the ways they communicate and interact than in the similarities between them, focusing on aspects such as style of language and speech. By highlighting some of the important aspects of cross-gender communication and language variation, the main objective of this paper is to suggest areas for more in-depth research in the future that could produce findings.

Annotatsiya: Preeklampsiya – bu homiladorlikning jiddiy asoratlaridan biri bo‘lib, u ko‘pgina ayollarda buyrak, yurak-tomir tizimi va boshqa a’zolarga salbiy ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Buyraklar preeklampsiya paytida eng ko‘p zararlanadigan a’zolardan biri hisoblanadi. Ushbu tadqiqot preeklampsiya oqibatida vafot etgan homilador ayollarning buyraklaridagi patomorfologik o‘zgarishlarni o‘rganishga qaratilgan.

Актуальность научной работы. Известно, что успешная подготовка будущих специалистов-медиков к профессиональной деятельности предъявляет повышенные требования к их психофизиологическим возможностям, личностным качествам. И далеко не всегда эти нагрузки соответствуют уровню психоэмоциональной готовности студентов, учитывают их уровень здоровья и функциональные резервы. Ведь студенты – особая социальная группа, наиболее подверженная воздействию таких факторов, как нервно-эмо циональное напряжение и социальная незащищенность. Напряженность выпускных экзаменов за среднюю школу, вступительные экзамены в вуз, смена привычного образа жизни отрицательно отражаются на их здоровье и качестве жизни. В последние время наблюдается стойкое ухудшение состояния здоровья студенческой молодежи [1].

Annotatsiya;Markaziy Osiyo mintaqasi tarixan, iqtisodiy, siyosiy va madaniy jihatdan o‘ziga xos hudud bo‘lib, uning tarkibiga O‘zbekiston, Qozog‘iston, Qirg‘iziston, Tojikiston va Turkmaniston kiradi. Ushbu maqolada, Markaziy Osiyoning geosiyosiy ahamiyati, mintaqadagi asosiy iqtisodiy va madaniy o‘zgarishlar, shuningdek, mintaqaviy hamkorlik va xavfsizlik muammolari tahlil qilinadi. Maqola, mintaqaning global va mintaqaviy o‘zgarishlarga qanday javob berganini, shuningdek, yangi rivojlanish yo‘llarini ko‘rsatib o‘tadi.

Abstract:The Central Asian region is a historically, economically, politically, and culturally unique region that includes Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan. This article analyzes the geopolitical significance of Central Asia, the main economic and cultural changes in the region, as well as regional cooperation and security issues. The article examines how the region has responded to global and regional changes, as well as new development paths.

Аннотация: Центральноазиатский регион – исторически, экономически, политически и культурно уникальный регион, в который входят Узбекистан, Казахстан, Кыргызстан, Таджикистан и Туркменистан. В данной статье анализируется геополитическое значение Центральной Азии, основные экономические и культурные изменения в регионе, а также вопросы регионального сотрудничества и безопасности. В статье показано, как регион отреагировал на глобальные и региональные изменения, а также на новые пути развития.

            Anotatsiya: Mazkur maqola "Bronza davri madaniy jarayonlaridan keyin qurilishdagi o'zgarishlar: Surxondaryo misoli" mavzusida qamrab olingan tadqiqotni taqdim etadi. Maqola bronza davri madaniyatlari bilan bog‘liq qurilish texnikasi va uslublaridagi o‘zgarishlarni Surxondaryo viloyati misolida tahlil qiladi. Tarixiy arxeologik qazishmalar va materiallarni o‘rganish asosida, bu davrda qurilish texnologiyalaridagi rivojlanishlarni va o‘zgarishlarni aniqlandi. Qolaversa maqola madaniy va iqtisodiy omillar, shuningdek, hududiy xususiyatlarning qurilish jarayonlariga qanday ta'sir ko‘rsatganligini yoritadi.

         Abstract: This article presents a study on "Changes in construction after the Bronze Age cultural processes: Surkhandarya". The article analyzes the changes in construction techniques and styles associated with Bronze Age cultures on the example of Surkhandarya region. On the basis of historical geological excavations and the study of materials, problems and changes in construction technologies in this process were identified. In addition, the article shows how the cultural and economic orientation affects the construction processes of regional production.

         Аннотация: В данной статье представлено исследование на тему «Изменения в строительстве после культурных процессов бронзового века: Сурхандарьинская область». В статье на примере Сурхандарьинской области анализируются изменения в строительных технологиях и стилях, связанные с культурами бронзового века. На основе исторических геологических раскопок и изучения материалов выявлены проблемы и изменения технологий строительства в этом процессе. Кроме того, в статье показано, как культурно-экономическая направленность влияет на процессы построения регионального производства.

Annotatsiya: Mazkur maqolada pedagogik terminlarning uyadoshligi masalasi har tomonlama o‘rganilib, ularning lingvistik xususiyatlari, shakllanish omillari va semantik bog‘liqligi tahlil etiladi. Pedagogik terminologiya tizimi ichidagi sinonimiya, antonimiya va giponimiya-giperonimiya munosabatlari ilmiy jihatdan yoritiladi. Shuningdek, pedagogik terminlarni standartlashtirish, ularning xalqaro va milliy tilga moslashuvi bo‘yicha uslubiy yondashuvlar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Ushbu maqola tilshunoslik, pedagogika va terminshunoslik sohalari mutaxassislari uchun mo‘ljallangan.

Annotatsiya:Bugungi kunda jahonda tijorat banklarining kredit portfeli ortib bormoqda. Bu albatta nafaqat banklarga daromad balki muammoli kreditlar hajmining oshishiga olib keladi. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida muammoli kreditlarni samarali boshqarish yo’llari yoritib berilgan.

Аннотация:сегодня кредитный портфель коммерческих банков в мире растет. Это обязательно принесет не только доход банкам, но и увеличит объем проблемных кредитов. В этой статье описаны способы эффективного управления проблемными кредитами в коммерческих банках.

Abstract: today, the loan portfolio of commercial banks in the world is growing. This is sure to bring not only income to banks, but also increase the volume of problem loans. This article describes ways to effectively manage problem loans in commercial banks.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida aholi depozitlarining himoyasini ta’minlashga qaratilgan mexanizmlarni takomillashtirish strategiyalari tahlil qilinadi. Bank tizimining barqarorligini mustahkamlash va mijozlarning moliyaviy institutlarga bo‘lgan ishonchini oshirish maqsadida zamonaviy sug‘urta mexanizmlari, tartibga solish va nazorat tizimlari hamda xalqaro tajribaga asoslangan yondashuvlar o‘rganiladi.

Abstract:This article analyzes strategies for improving mechanisms to ensure the protection of household deposits in commercial banks. To strengthen the stability of the banking system and increase public trust in financial institutions, modern insurance mechanisms, regulatory and supervisory systems, as well as approaches based on international experience, are examined.

Аннотация:В данной статье анализируются стратегии совершенствования механизмов обеспечения защиты вкладов населения в коммерческих банках. В целях укрепления стабильности банковской системы и повышения доверия клиентов к финансовым институтам изучаются современные механизмы страхования, системы регулирования и надзора, а также подходы, основанные на международном опыте.

Annotatsiya: Hozirgi kunda tijorat banklari turli xil bank xizmatlarini yo‘lga qo‘yish strategiyalarini ishlab chiqmoqda. Ulardan biri islomiy bank xizmatlarini joriy etish va rivojlantirish hisoblanadi. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida islomiy moliyaviy xizmatlarni tashkil etish imkoniyatlari va istiqbollari yoritilgan.

Аннотация: В настоящее время коммерческие банки разрабатывают стратегии внедрения различных банковских услуг. Одним из направлений является внедрение и развитие исламских банковских услуг. В данной статье освещены возможности и перспективы организации исламских финансовых услуг в коммерческих банках.

Abstract:Currently, commercial banks are developing strategies for implementing various banking services. One of these directions is the introduction and development of Islamic banking services. This article highlights the opportunities and prospects for establishing Islamic financial services in commercial banks.

Annotatsiya: Jahon miqyosida tijorat banklarining iqtisodiyotga ta’siri tobora ortib bormoqda. Bank kapitali ularning moliyaviy barqarorligi va mustaqilligini belgilovchi asosiy omillardan biri hisoblanadi. Hozirgi kunda O‘zbekistonda banklar kapitallashuvi jarayoni turli yo‘nalishlar bo‘yicha rivojlanmoqda. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarining kapitallashuv darajasini oshirish va uni takomillashtirish masalalari atroflicha yoritilgan.

Abstract:The impact of commercial banks on the economy is steadily increasing worldwide. Bank capital is a key indicator ensuring the financial stability and independence of commercial banks. Currently, the capitalization process of banks in Uzbekistan is developing in various directions. This article explores the issues of improving and enhancing the capitalization of commercial banks.

Аннотация: Влияние коммерческих банков на экономику во всем мире неуклонно растет. Банковский капитал является ключевым показателем, обеспечивающим финансовую стабильность и независимость коммерческих банков. В настоящее время процесс капитализации банков в Узбекистане развивается в разных направлениях. В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы совершенствования и увеличения капитализации коммерческих банков.

Annotatsiya: Global miqyosda bank tizimidagi chuqur o‘zgarishlar boshqa mamlakatlarning bank sektoriga ham sezilarli ta’sir ko‘rsatdi. Tijorat banklarida raqamli texnologiyalarning jadal rivojlanishi ularning transformatsiya jarayonini tezlashtirdi. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarini modernizatsiya qilishda ilg‘or xorijiy tajribalarni qo‘llash masalalari yoritilgan.

Abstract:Fundamental changes in the global banking system have significantly influenced the banking sectors of other countries. The rapid development of digital technologies in commercial banks has accelerated their transformation processes. This article examines the application of advanced international practices in the modernization of commercial banks.

Аннотация:Глубокие изменения в мировой банковской системе оказали значительное влияние на банковский сектор других стран. Быстрое развитие цифровых технологий в коммерческих банках ускорило их процессы трансформации. В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы применения передового зарубежного опыта в модернизации коммерческих банков.

Annotatsiya: Kichik biznes mamlakat iqtisodiyotining rivojlanishida muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Ularning moliyaviy resurslarga bo‘lgan talabini qondirishda tijorat banklari asosiy rol o‘ynaydi. Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekistonda kichik biznes subyektlarini moliyalashtirish jarayoni, shuningdek, "Biznesni rivojlantirish banki" ATB misolida kreditlash amaliyoti va uning samaradorligi tahlil qilinadi.

Abstract: Small businesses play a crucial role in the economic development of a country. Commercial banks play a key role in meeting their financial resource needs. This article analyzes the financing process of small business entities in Uzbekistan, as well as the lending practices and efficiency of "Business Development Bank" JSC.

Аннотация: Малый бизнес играет важную роль в развитии экономики страны. Коммерческие банки выполняют ключевую функцию в удовлетворении их потребностей в финансовых ресурсах. В данной статье анализируется процесс финансирования субъектов малого бизнеса в Узбекистане, а также практика кредитования и эффективность АКБ «Банк развития бизнеса».

Abstract:   This thesis is aimed at to explain the peculiarities of English and Uzbek proverbs, their differences according to two different nations’ cultures, compare the proverbs’ structures in English and Uzbek. As English proverbs contain semantic-syntactic structure, historical, cultural and structural features, it is essential to differentiate lingua-cultural differences between English and Uzbek language. In this article, such cases of these two languages are discussed.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu tezisda Islom moliyasida g’arrarni (noaniqlikni) oldini olish usullari tahlil qilinadi. Islom moliya tizimida g’arrar taqiqlangan bo‘lib, u iqtisodiy barqarorlik va adolat tamoyillariga zid hisoblanadi. Tadqiqotda g’arrarning oldini olish uchun shaffoflik va aniq shartnomalar, riskni adolatli taqsimlash, halol moliyaviy vositalardan foydalanish, aktivlarga asoslangan moliyaviy operatsiyalar va shariat nazorati kabi asosiy usullar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, ushbu tamoyillarga rioya qilish orqali moliyaviy operatsiyalarning adolatli va barqaror bo‘lishi ta’minlanadi. Islomiy moliya institutlari shariat talablariga mos keladigan moliyaviy vositalarni ishlab chiqish orqali g’arrarning oldini olishni yanada samarali amalga oshirishi mumkin.

          Annotatsiya: Psixologik hizmat asoslari, psixologiya sohasidagi asosiy qonun va tamoyillardir. Ushbu asoslar, psixologik tadqiqotlarni amalga oshirish, ma'lumotlarni to'plash va tahlil qilish, psixologik masalalarni yechish va psixologik ko'mak ko'rsatish jarayonida muhimdir.

ANNOTATSIYA. Maqolada chet tilini o‘zlashtirish jarayonining psixologik jihatlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Psixologiyaning ta’limdagi o‘rni va uning pedagogika va tilshunoslik bilan aloqasini o‘rganadi. Maqolada xorijiy tillarni o‘qitishda psixologik nazariyalarni qo‘llash usullari, o‘qituvchining kasbiy til kompetensiyasi, o‘quv predmeti va o‘quvchilarning individual xususiyatlarini hisobga olish omillari, ayniqsa chet tillarini o‘rganish motivatsiyasi muhimligini ta’kidlaydi.Maqolada o‘qitishning intellektini oshirish jarayonidagi bosqichlarning xarakteristikasi keltirilgan. Klassik psixoanaliz ota-ona va bola munosabatlarini bolaning shaxsiy rivojlanishi markaziga qo‘yadigan birinchi ilmiy yo‘nalish bo‘lganligi ma’lum.

Abstract: This article discusses the current problems of teaching foreign languages using new innovative pedagogical technologies. Despite rapid advancements in educational tools, language teaching still faces challenges in methodology, adaptability, and student engagement. The paper analyzes how modern technologies such as digital platforms, interactive applications, and blended learning methods are transforming the teaching process. However, issues such as teachers’ digital competence, lack of tailored materials, and limited classroom time remain significant obstacles. The research highlights the need for continuous teacher training and the development of creative, student-centered approaches. The role of motivation and interactive communication in mastering foreign languages is emphasized. Furthermore, the article explores the integration of AI and virtual reality in language classrooms. The study concludes by suggesting practical recommendations for effective technology-based language instruction.

Abstract:.Language learning is a complex process that involves multiple skills and strategies. Among the various resources available to language learners, books stand out as one of the most valuable and enduring tools. This article explores the role of books in language acquisition, highlighting their significance in providing structure, promoting active learning, and offering cultural insights. Books offer a comprehensive approach to learning a language, from enhancing vocabulary and grammar to fostering an understanding of idiomatic expressions and cultural contexts. The flexibility and accessibility of books make them ideal for learners of all levels, allowing them to study at their own pace and choose materials that match their interests and proficiency. By engaging with books, learners can build long-term retention, improve their reading comprehension, and develop a deeper connection to the language. This article discusses how books, whether textbooks, novels, or reference materials, can become lifelong companions in the language-learning journey, aiding learners in achieving fluency and mastery.

Abstract: Spoken and written English differ significantly in structure, style, and purpose. Spoken English is often informal, spontaneous, and context-dependent, featuring contractions, pauses, and non-standard grammar. It relies on intonation, body language, and immediate feedback for meaning. In contrast, written English is more structured, formal, and carefully revised, following grammatical conventions for clarity and coherence. While spoken language allows for real-time interaction and adaptability, written communication ensures permanence and precision. Understanding these differences is essential for effective communication in various social, academic, and professional contexts. This article explores these distinctions, their implications, and strategies for mastering both forms of language

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an integral part of modern society, significantly impacting various sectors such as healthcare, finance, education, and transportation. This paper discusses the role of AI in these fields and its broader implications for social life. In healthcare, AI enhances diagnostic accuracy and improves patient care through advanced data analysis and predictive modeling. In finance, it aids in fraud detection and enhances customer service by automating processes. In education, AI facilitates personalized learning experiences and streamlines administrative tasks. Meanwhile, in transportation, autonomous vehicles and intelligent traffic management systems contribute to increased safety and efficiency. However, the rapid development of AI also raises ethical concerns, including issues of bias, privacy, and job displacement. The paper emphasizes the need for responsible development and regulation of AI technologies to harness their potential benefits while mitigating associated risks. Overall, while AI can positively influence society, a cautious and informed approach is essential to ensure its responsible integration into everyday life. Keywords:  Artificial Intelligence (AI)  Machine Learning  Deep Learning Natural Language Processing (NLP) Automation Data Analytics Predictive Modeling Ethics in AI  Bias in Algorithms Autonomous Systems Smart Technologies Human-Computer Interaction AI in Healthcare  AI in Finance AI in Education

Annotatsiya: Ushbu tezisimizda Boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining nutqiy komponentlarini rivojlantirishning ilk boshqichlari va 1-4-sinf o‘quvchilarida maktab o‘qish savodxonligi darsliklarida keltirilgan adabiiy asarlar asosida nutq komponentlarini shakillantirishga qaratilgan dastlabki ishlar mazmuni yoritilgan.

Abstract: This article investigates the influence of sustainable environment on the decision-making process of tourists when selecting their travel destinations. It examines the role of natural beauty, climate, environmental quality, biodiversity, and the growing importance of sustainability in shaping tourist preferences. The research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how the environment affects tourism trends and offers recommendations for stakeholders in the tourism industry to align their strategies with the evolving preferences of environmentally conscious travelers.

Аннотация: Ушбу мақолада ХIХ аср охири — ХХ аср боши Тошкент шаҳридаги масжидлар безагида кошинкорлик санъатининг ўрни ўрганилган.

Аннотация: В статье рассматривается роль искусства керамики в оформлении мечетей Ташкента в конце XIX — начале XX вв.

Аннотатион: The article examines the role of ceramic art in the decoration of Tashkent mosques in the late 19th – early 20th centuries.

Abstract: Language is an important communication tool in everyday life, and an understanding of how language reflects and shapes gender roles can provide valuable insights into the social construction and perception of gender in society. Many psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, and other researchers into language and gender have shown a keener interest in the differences between men and women in the ways they communicate and interact than in the similarities between them, focusing on aspects such as style of language and speech. By highlighting some of the important aspects of cross-gender communication and language variation, the main objective of this paper is to suggest areas for more in-depth research in the future that could produce findings.

Annotatsiya: Preeklampsiya – bu homiladorlikning jiddiy asoratlaridan biri bo‘lib, u ko‘pgina ayollarda buyrak, yurak-tomir tizimi va boshqa a’zolarga salbiy ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Buyraklar preeklampsiya paytida eng ko‘p zararlanadigan a’zolardan biri hisoblanadi. Ushbu tadqiqot preeklampsiya oqibatida vafot etgan homilador ayollarning buyraklaridagi patomorfologik o‘zgarishlarni o‘rganishga qaratilgan.

Актуальность научной работы. Известно, что успешная подготовка будущих специалистов-медиков к профессиональной деятельности предъявляет повышенные требования к их психофизиологическим возможностям, личностным качествам. И далеко не всегда эти нагрузки соответствуют уровню психоэмоциональной готовности студентов, учитывают их уровень здоровья и функциональные резервы. Ведь студенты – особая социальная группа, наиболее подверженная воздействию таких факторов, как нервно-эмо циональное напряжение и социальная незащищенность. Напряженность выпускных экзаменов за среднюю школу, вступительные экзамены в вуз, смена привычного образа жизни отрицательно отражаются на их здоровье и качестве жизни. В последние время наблюдается стойкое ухудшение состояния здоровья студенческой молодежи [1].

Annotatsiya;Markaziy Osiyo mintaqasi tarixan, iqtisodiy, siyosiy va madaniy jihatdan o‘ziga xos hudud bo‘lib, uning tarkibiga O‘zbekiston, Qozog‘iston, Qirg‘iziston, Tojikiston va Turkmaniston kiradi. Ushbu maqolada, Markaziy Osiyoning geosiyosiy ahamiyati, mintaqadagi asosiy iqtisodiy va madaniy o‘zgarishlar, shuningdek, mintaqaviy hamkorlik va xavfsizlik muammolari tahlil qilinadi. Maqola, mintaqaning global va mintaqaviy o‘zgarishlarga qanday javob berganini, shuningdek, yangi rivojlanish yo‘llarini ko‘rsatib o‘tadi.

Abstract:The Central Asian region is a historically, economically, politically, and culturally unique region that includes Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan. This article analyzes the geopolitical significance of Central Asia, the main economic and cultural changes in the region, as well as regional cooperation and security issues. The article examines how the region has responded to global and regional changes, as well as new development paths.

Аннотация: Центральноазиатский регион – исторически, экономически, политически и культурно уникальный регион, в который входят Узбекистан, Казахстан, Кыргызстан, Таджикистан и Туркменистан. В данной статье анализируется геополитическое значение Центральной Азии, основные экономические и культурные изменения в регионе, а также вопросы регионального сотрудничества и безопасности. В статье показано, как регион отреагировал на глобальные и региональные изменения, а также на новые пути развития.

            Anotatsiya: Mazkur maqola "Bronza davri madaniy jarayonlaridan keyin qurilishdagi o'zgarishlar: Surxondaryo misoli" mavzusida qamrab olingan tadqiqotni taqdim etadi. Maqola bronza davri madaniyatlari bilan bog‘liq qurilish texnikasi va uslublaridagi o‘zgarishlarni Surxondaryo viloyati misolida tahlil qiladi. Tarixiy arxeologik qazishmalar va materiallarni o‘rganish asosida, bu davrda qurilish texnologiyalaridagi rivojlanishlarni va o‘zgarishlarni aniqlandi. Qolaversa maqola madaniy va iqtisodiy omillar, shuningdek, hududiy xususiyatlarning qurilish jarayonlariga qanday ta'sir ko‘rsatganligini yoritadi.

         Abstract: This article presents a study on "Changes in construction after the Bronze Age cultural processes: Surkhandarya". The article analyzes the changes in construction techniques and styles associated with Bronze Age cultures on the example of Surkhandarya region. On the basis of historical geological excavations and the study of materials, problems and changes in construction technologies in this process were identified. In addition, the article shows how the cultural and economic orientation affects the construction processes of regional production.

         Аннотация: В данной статье представлено исследование на тему «Изменения в строительстве после культурных процессов бронзового века: Сурхандарьинская область». В статье на примере Сурхандарьинской области анализируются изменения в строительных технологиях и стилях, связанные с культурами бронзового века. На основе исторических геологических раскопок и изучения материалов выявлены проблемы и изменения технологий строительства в этом процессе. Кроме того, в статье показано, как культурно-экономическая направленность влияет на процессы построения регионального производства.

Annotatsiya: Mazkur maqolada pedagogik terminlarning uyadoshligi masalasi har tomonlama o‘rganilib, ularning lingvistik xususiyatlari, shakllanish omillari va semantik bog‘liqligi tahlil etiladi. Pedagogik terminologiya tizimi ichidagi sinonimiya, antonimiya va giponimiya-giperonimiya munosabatlari ilmiy jihatdan yoritiladi. Shuningdek, pedagogik terminlarni standartlashtirish, ularning xalqaro va milliy tilga moslashuvi bo‘yicha uslubiy yondashuvlar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Ushbu maqola tilshunoslik, pedagogika va terminshunoslik sohalari mutaxassislari uchun mo‘ljallangan.

Annotatsiya:Bugungi kunda jahonda tijorat banklarining kredit portfeli ortib bormoqda. Bu albatta nafaqat banklarga daromad balki muammoli kreditlar hajmining oshishiga olib keladi. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida muammoli kreditlarni samarali boshqarish yo’llari yoritib berilgan.

Аннотация:сегодня кредитный портфель коммерческих банков в мире растет. Это обязательно принесет не только доход банкам, но и увеличит объем проблемных кредитов. В этой статье описаны способы эффективного управления проблемными кредитами в коммерческих банках.

Abstract: today, the loan portfolio of commercial banks in the world is growing. This is sure to bring not only income to banks, but also increase the volume of problem loans. This article describes ways to effectively manage problem loans in commercial banks.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida aholi depozitlarining himoyasini ta’minlashga qaratilgan mexanizmlarni takomillashtirish strategiyalari tahlil qilinadi. Bank tizimining barqarorligini mustahkamlash va mijozlarning moliyaviy institutlarga bo‘lgan ishonchini oshirish maqsadida zamonaviy sug‘urta mexanizmlari, tartibga solish va nazorat tizimlari hamda xalqaro tajribaga asoslangan yondashuvlar o‘rganiladi.

Abstract:This article analyzes strategies for improving mechanisms to ensure the protection of household deposits in commercial banks. To strengthen the stability of the banking system and increase public trust in financial institutions, modern insurance mechanisms, regulatory and supervisory systems, as well as approaches based on international experience, are examined.

Аннотация:В данной статье анализируются стратегии совершенствования механизмов обеспечения защиты вкладов населения в коммерческих банках. В целях укрепления стабильности банковской системы и повышения доверия клиентов к финансовым институтам изучаются современные механизмы страхования, системы регулирования и надзора, а также подходы, основанные на международном опыте.

Annotatsiya: Hozirgi kunda tijorat banklari turli xil bank xizmatlarini yo‘lga qo‘yish strategiyalarini ishlab chiqmoqda. Ulardan biri islomiy bank xizmatlarini joriy etish va rivojlantirish hisoblanadi. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida islomiy moliyaviy xizmatlarni tashkil etish imkoniyatlari va istiqbollari yoritilgan.

Аннотация: В настоящее время коммерческие банки разрабатывают стратегии внедрения различных банковских услуг. Одним из направлений является внедрение и развитие исламских банковских услуг. В данной статье освещены возможности и перспективы организации исламских финансовых услуг в коммерческих банках.

Abstract:Currently, commercial banks are developing strategies for implementing various banking services. One of these directions is the introduction and development of Islamic banking services. This article highlights the opportunities and prospects for establishing Islamic financial services in commercial banks.

Annotatsiya: Jahon miqyosida tijorat banklarining iqtisodiyotga ta’siri tobora ortib bormoqda. Bank kapitali ularning moliyaviy barqarorligi va mustaqilligini belgilovchi asosiy omillardan biri hisoblanadi. Hozirgi kunda O‘zbekistonda banklar kapitallashuvi jarayoni turli yo‘nalishlar bo‘yicha rivojlanmoqda. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarining kapitallashuv darajasini oshirish va uni takomillashtirish masalalari atroflicha yoritilgan.

Abstract:The impact of commercial banks on the economy is steadily increasing worldwide. Bank capital is a key indicator ensuring the financial stability and independence of commercial banks. Currently, the capitalization process of banks in Uzbekistan is developing in various directions. This article explores the issues of improving and enhancing the capitalization of commercial banks.

Аннотация: Влияние коммерческих банков на экономику во всем мире неуклонно растет. Банковский капитал является ключевым показателем, обеспечивающим финансовую стабильность и независимость коммерческих банков. В настоящее время процесс капитализации банков в Узбекистане развивается в разных направлениях. В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы совершенствования и увеличения капитализации коммерческих банков.

Annotatsiya: Global miqyosda bank tizimidagi chuqur o‘zgarishlar boshqa mamlakatlarning bank sektoriga ham sezilarli ta’sir ko‘rsatdi. Tijorat banklarida raqamli texnologiyalarning jadal rivojlanishi ularning transformatsiya jarayonini tezlashtirdi. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarini modernizatsiya qilishda ilg‘or xorijiy tajribalarni qo‘llash masalalari yoritilgan.

Abstract:Fundamental changes in the global banking system have significantly influenced the banking sectors of other countries. The rapid development of digital technologies in commercial banks has accelerated their transformation processes. This article examines the application of advanced international practices in the modernization of commercial banks.

Аннотация:Глубокие изменения в мировой банковской системе оказали значительное влияние на банковский сектор других стран. Быстрое развитие цифровых технологий в коммерческих банках ускорило их процессы трансформации. В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы применения передового зарубежного опыта в модернизации коммерческих банков.

Annotatsiya: Kichik biznes mamlakat iqtisodiyotining rivojlanishida muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Ularning moliyaviy resurslarga bo‘lgan talabini qondirishda tijorat banklari asosiy rol o‘ynaydi. Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekistonda kichik biznes subyektlarini moliyalashtirish jarayoni, shuningdek, "Biznesni rivojlantirish banki" ATB misolida kreditlash amaliyoti va uning samaradorligi tahlil qilinadi.

Abstract: Small businesses play a crucial role in the economic development of a country. Commercial banks play a key role in meeting their financial resource needs. This article analyzes the financing process of small business entities in Uzbekistan, as well as the lending practices and efficiency of "Business Development Bank" JSC.

Аннотация: Малый бизнес играет важную роль в развитии экономики страны. Коммерческие банки выполняют ключевую функцию в удовлетворении их потребностей в финансовых ресурсах. В данной статье анализируется процесс финансирования субъектов малого бизнеса в Узбекистане, а также практика кредитования и эффективность АКБ «Банк развития бизнеса».

Abstract:   This thesis is aimed at to explain the peculiarities of English and Uzbek proverbs, their differences according to two different nations’ cultures, compare the proverbs’ structures in English and Uzbek. As English proverbs contain semantic-syntactic structure, historical, cultural and structural features, it is essential to differentiate lingua-cultural differences between English and Uzbek language. In this article, such cases of these two languages are discussed.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu tezisda Islom moliyasida g’arrarni (noaniqlikni) oldini olish usullari tahlil qilinadi. Islom moliya tizimida g’arrar taqiqlangan bo‘lib, u iqtisodiy barqarorlik va adolat tamoyillariga zid hisoblanadi. Tadqiqotda g’arrarning oldini olish uchun shaffoflik va aniq shartnomalar, riskni adolatli taqsimlash, halol moliyaviy vositalardan foydalanish, aktivlarga asoslangan moliyaviy operatsiyalar va shariat nazorati kabi asosiy usullar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, ushbu tamoyillarga rioya qilish orqali moliyaviy operatsiyalarning adolatli va barqaror bo‘lishi ta’minlanadi. Islomiy moliya institutlari shariat talablariga mos keladigan moliyaviy vositalarni ishlab chiqish orqali g’arrarning oldini olishni yanada samarali amalga oshirishi mumkin.

          Annotatsiya: Psixologik hizmat asoslari, psixologiya sohasidagi asosiy qonun va tamoyillardir. Ushbu asoslar, psixologik tadqiqotlarni amalga oshirish, ma'lumotlarni to'plash va tahlil qilish, psixologik masalalarni yechish va psixologik ko'mak ko'rsatish jarayonida muhimdir.

ANNOTATSIYA. Maqolada chet tilini o‘zlashtirish jarayonining psixologik jihatlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Psixologiyaning ta’limdagi o‘rni va uning pedagogika va tilshunoslik bilan aloqasini o‘rganadi. Maqolada xorijiy tillarni o‘qitishda psixologik nazariyalarni qo‘llash usullari, o‘qituvchining kasbiy til kompetensiyasi, o‘quv predmeti va o‘quvchilarning individual xususiyatlarini hisobga olish omillari, ayniqsa chet tillarini o‘rganish motivatsiyasi muhimligini ta’kidlaydi.Maqolada o‘qitishning intellektini oshirish jarayonidagi bosqichlarning xarakteristikasi keltirilgan. Klassik psixoanaliz ota-ona va bola munosabatlarini bolaning shaxsiy rivojlanishi markaziga qo‘yadigan birinchi ilmiy yo‘nalish bo‘lganligi ma’lum.

Abstract: This article discusses the current problems of teaching foreign languages using new innovative pedagogical technologies. Despite rapid advancements in educational tools, language teaching still faces challenges in methodology, adaptability, and student engagement. The paper analyzes how modern technologies such as digital platforms, interactive applications, and blended learning methods are transforming the teaching process. However, issues such as teachers’ digital competence, lack of tailored materials, and limited classroom time remain significant obstacles. The research highlights the need for continuous teacher training and the development of creative, student-centered approaches. The role of motivation and interactive communication in mastering foreign languages is emphasized. Furthermore, the article explores the integration of AI and virtual reality in language classrooms. The study concludes by suggesting practical recommendations for effective technology-based language instruction.

Abstract:.Language learning is a complex process that involves multiple skills and strategies. Among the various resources available to language learners, books stand out as one of the most valuable and enduring tools. This article explores the role of books in language acquisition, highlighting their significance in providing structure, promoting active learning, and offering cultural insights. Books offer a comprehensive approach to learning a language, from enhancing vocabulary and grammar to fostering an understanding of idiomatic expressions and cultural contexts. The flexibility and accessibility of books make them ideal for learners of all levels, allowing them to study at their own pace and choose materials that match their interests and proficiency. By engaging with books, learners can build long-term retention, improve their reading comprehension, and develop a deeper connection to the language. This article discusses how books, whether textbooks, novels, or reference materials, can become lifelong companions in the language-learning journey, aiding learners in achieving fluency and mastery.

Abstract: Spoken and written English differ significantly in structure, style, and purpose. Spoken English is often informal, spontaneous, and context-dependent, featuring contractions, pauses, and non-standard grammar. It relies on intonation, body language, and immediate feedback for meaning. In contrast, written English is more structured, formal, and carefully revised, following grammatical conventions for clarity and coherence. While spoken language allows for real-time interaction and adaptability, written communication ensures permanence and precision. Understanding these differences is essential for effective communication in various social, academic, and professional contexts. This article explores these distinctions, their implications, and strategies for mastering both forms of language

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an integral part of modern society, significantly impacting various sectors such as healthcare, finance, education, and transportation. This paper discusses the role of AI in these fields and its broader implications for social life. In healthcare, AI enhances diagnostic accuracy and improves patient care through advanced data analysis and predictive modeling. In finance, it aids in fraud detection and enhances customer service by automating processes. In education, AI facilitates personalized learning experiences and streamlines administrative tasks. Meanwhile, in transportation, autonomous vehicles and intelligent traffic management systems contribute to increased safety and efficiency. However, the rapid development of AI also raises ethical concerns, including issues of bias, privacy, and job displacement. The paper emphasizes the need for responsible development and regulation of AI technologies to harness their potential benefits while mitigating associated risks. Overall, while AI can positively influence society, a cautious and informed approach is essential to ensure its responsible integration into everyday life. Keywords:  Artificial Intelligence (AI)  Machine Learning  Deep Learning Natural Language Processing (NLP) Automation Data Analytics Predictive Modeling Ethics in AI  Bias in Algorithms Autonomous Systems Smart Technologies Human-Computer Interaction AI in Healthcare  AI in Finance AI in Education

Annotatsiya: Ushbu tezisimizda Boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining nutqiy komponentlarini rivojlantirishning ilk boshqichlari va 1-4-sinf o‘quvchilarida maktab o‘qish savodxonligi darsliklarida keltirilgan adabiiy asarlar asosida nutq komponentlarini shakillantirishga qaratilgan dastlabki ishlar mazmuni yoritilgan.

Abstract: This article investigates the influence of sustainable environment on the decision-making process of tourists when selecting their travel destinations. It examines the role of natural beauty, climate, environmental quality, biodiversity, and the growing importance of sustainability in shaping tourist preferences. The research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how the environment affects tourism trends and offers recommendations for stakeholders in the tourism industry to align their strategies with the evolving preferences of environmentally conscious travelers.

Аннотация: Ушбу мақолада ХIХ аср охири — ХХ аср боши Тошкент шаҳридаги масжидлар безагида кошинкорлик санъатининг ўрни ўрганилган.

Аннотация: В статье рассматривается роль искусства керамики в оформлении мечетей Ташкента в конце XIX — начале XX вв.

Аннотатион: The article examines the role of ceramic art in the decoration of Tashkent mosques in the late 19th – early 20th centuries.

Abstract: Language is an important communication tool in everyday life, and an understanding of how language reflects and shapes gender roles can provide valuable insights into the social construction and perception of gender in society. Many psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, and other researchers into language and gender have shown a keener interest in the differences between men and women in the ways they communicate and interact than in the similarities between them, focusing on aspects such as style of language and speech. By highlighting some of the important aspects of cross-gender communication and language variation, the main objective of this paper is to suggest areas for more in-depth research in the future that could produce findings.

Annotatsiya: Preeklampsiya – bu homiladorlikning jiddiy asoratlaridan biri bo‘lib, u ko‘pgina ayollarda buyrak, yurak-tomir tizimi va boshqa a’zolarga salbiy ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Buyraklar preeklampsiya paytida eng ko‘p zararlanadigan a’zolardan biri hisoblanadi. Ushbu tadqiqot preeklampsiya oqibatida vafot etgan homilador ayollarning buyraklaridagi patomorfologik o‘zgarishlarni o‘rganishga qaratilgan.

Актуальность научной работы. Известно, что успешная подготовка будущих специалистов-медиков к профессиональной деятельности предъявляет повышенные требования к их психофизиологическим возможностям, личностным качествам. И далеко не всегда эти нагрузки соответствуют уровню психоэмоциональной готовности студентов, учитывают их уровень здоровья и функциональные резервы. Ведь студенты – особая социальная группа, наиболее подверженная воздействию таких факторов, как нервно-эмо циональное напряжение и социальная незащищенность. Напряженность выпускных экзаменов за среднюю школу, вступительные экзамены в вуз, смена привычного образа жизни отрицательно отражаются на их здоровье и качестве жизни. В последние время наблюдается стойкое ухудшение состояния здоровья студенческой молодежи [1].

Annotatsiya;Markaziy Osiyo mintaqasi tarixan, iqtisodiy, siyosiy va madaniy jihatdan o‘ziga xos hudud bo‘lib, uning tarkibiga O‘zbekiston, Qozog‘iston, Qirg‘iziston, Tojikiston va Turkmaniston kiradi. Ushbu maqolada, Markaziy Osiyoning geosiyosiy ahamiyati, mintaqadagi asosiy iqtisodiy va madaniy o‘zgarishlar, shuningdek, mintaqaviy hamkorlik va xavfsizlik muammolari tahlil qilinadi. Maqola, mintaqaning global va mintaqaviy o‘zgarishlarga qanday javob berganini, shuningdek, yangi rivojlanish yo‘llarini ko‘rsatib o‘tadi.

Abstract:The Central Asian region is a historically, economically, politically, and culturally unique region that includes Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan. This article analyzes the geopolitical significance of Central Asia, the main economic and cultural changes in the region, as well as regional cooperation and security issues. The article examines how the region has responded to global and regional changes, as well as new development paths.

Аннотация: Центральноазиатский регион – исторически, экономически, политически и культурно уникальный регион, в который входят Узбекистан, Казахстан, Кыргызстан, Таджикистан и Туркменистан. В данной статье анализируется геополитическое значение Центральной Азии, основные экономические и культурные изменения в регионе, а также вопросы регионального сотрудничества и безопасности. В статье показано, как регион отреагировал на глобальные и региональные изменения, а также на новые пути развития.

            Anotatsiya: Mazkur maqola "Bronza davri madaniy jarayonlaridan keyin qurilishdagi o'zgarishlar: Surxondaryo misoli" mavzusida qamrab olingan tadqiqotni taqdim etadi. Maqola bronza davri madaniyatlari bilan bog‘liq qurilish texnikasi va uslublaridagi o‘zgarishlarni Surxondaryo viloyati misolida tahlil qiladi. Tarixiy arxeologik qazishmalar va materiallarni o‘rganish asosida, bu davrda qurilish texnologiyalaridagi rivojlanishlarni va o‘zgarishlarni aniqlandi. Qolaversa maqola madaniy va iqtisodiy omillar, shuningdek, hududiy xususiyatlarning qurilish jarayonlariga qanday ta'sir ko‘rsatganligini yoritadi.

         Abstract: This article presents a study on "Changes in construction after the Bronze Age cultural processes: Surkhandarya". The article analyzes the changes in construction techniques and styles associated with Bronze Age cultures on the example of Surkhandarya region. On the basis of historical geological excavations and the study of materials, problems and changes in construction technologies in this process were identified. In addition, the article shows how the cultural and economic orientation affects the construction processes of regional production.

         Аннотация: В данной статье представлено исследование на тему «Изменения в строительстве после культурных процессов бронзового века: Сурхандарьинская область». В статье на примере Сурхандарьинской области анализируются изменения в строительных технологиях и стилях, связанные с культурами бронзового века. На основе исторических геологических раскопок и изучения материалов выявлены проблемы и изменения технологий строительства в этом процессе. Кроме того, в статье показано, как культурно-экономическая направленность влияет на процессы построения регионального производства.

Annotatsiya: Mazkur maqolada pedagogik terminlarning uyadoshligi masalasi har tomonlama o‘rganilib, ularning lingvistik xususiyatlari, shakllanish omillari va semantik bog‘liqligi tahlil etiladi. Pedagogik terminologiya tizimi ichidagi sinonimiya, antonimiya va giponimiya-giperonimiya munosabatlari ilmiy jihatdan yoritiladi. Shuningdek, pedagogik terminlarni standartlashtirish, ularning xalqaro va milliy tilga moslashuvi bo‘yicha uslubiy yondashuvlar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Ushbu maqola tilshunoslik, pedagogika va terminshunoslik sohalari mutaxassislari uchun mo‘ljallangan.

Annotatsiya:Bugungi kunda jahonda tijorat banklarining kredit portfeli ortib bormoqda. Bu albatta nafaqat banklarga daromad balki muammoli kreditlar hajmining oshishiga olib keladi. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida muammoli kreditlarni samarali boshqarish yo’llari yoritib berilgan.

Аннотация:сегодня кредитный портфель коммерческих банков в мире растет. Это обязательно принесет не только доход банкам, но и увеличит объем проблемных кредитов. В этой статье описаны способы эффективного управления проблемными кредитами в коммерческих банках.

Abstract: today, the loan portfolio of commercial banks in the world is growing. This is sure to bring not only income to banks, but also increase the volume of problem loans. This article describes ways to effectively manage problem loans in commercial banks.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida aholi depozitlarining himoyasini ta’minlashga qaratilgan mexanizmlarni takomillashtirish strategiyalari tahlil qilinadi. Bank tizimining barqarorligini mustahkamlash va mijozlarning moliyaviy institutlarga bo‘lgan ishonchini oshirish maqsadida zamonaviy sug‘urta mexanizmlari, tartibga solish va nazorat tizimlari hamda xalqaro tajribaga asoslangan yondashuvlar o‘rganiladi.

Abstract:This article analyzes strategies for improving mechanisms to ensure the protection of household deposits in commercial banks. To strengthen the stability of the banking system and increase public trust in financial institutions, modern insurance mechanisms, regulatory and supervisory systems, as well as approaches based on international experience, are examined.

Аннотация:В данной статье анализируются стратегии совершенствования механизмов обеспечения защиты вкладов населения в коммерческих банках. В целях укрепления стабильности банковской системы и повышения доверия клиентов к финансовым институтам изучаются современные механизмы страхования, системы регулирования и надзора, а также подходы, основанные на международном опыте.

Annotatsiya: Hozirgi kunda tijorat banklari turli xil bank xizmatlarini yo‘lga qo‘yish strategiyalarini ishlab chiqmoqda. Ulardan biri islomiy bank xizmatlarini joriy etish va rivojlantirish hisoblanadi. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida islomiy moliyaviy xizmatlarni tashkil etish imkoniyatlari va istiqbollari yoritilgan.

Аннотация: В настоящее время коммерческие банки разрабатывают стратегии внедрения различных банковских услуг. Одним из направлений является внедрение и развитие исламских банковских услуг. В данной статье освещены возможности и перспективы организации исламских финансовых услуг в коммерческих банках.

Abstract:Currently, commercial banks are developing strategies for implementing various banking services. One of these directions is the introduction and development of Islamic banking services. This article highlights the opportunities and prospects for establishing Islamic financial services in commercial banks.

Annotatsiya: Jahon miqyosida tijorat banklarining iqtisodiyotga ta’siri tobora ortib bormoqda. Bank kapitali ularning moliyaviy barqarorligi va mustaqilligini belgilovchi asosiy omillardan biri hisoblanadi. Hozirgi kunda O‘zbekistonda banklar kapitallashuvi jarayoni turli yo‘nalishlar bo‘yicha rivojlanmoqda. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarining kapitallashuv darajasini oshirish va uni takomillashtirish masalalari atroflicha yoritilgan.

Abstract:The impact of commercial banks on the economy is steadily increasing worldwide. Bank capital is a key indicator ensuring the financial stability and independence of commercial banks. Currently, the capitalization process of banks in Uzbekistan is developing in various directions. This article explores the issues of improving and enhancing the capitalization of commercial banks.

Аннотация: Влияние коммерческих банков на экономику во всем мире неуклонно растет. Банковский капитал является ключевым показателем, обеспечивающим финансовую стабильность и независимость коммерческих банков. В настоящее время процесс капитализации банков в Узбекистане развивается в разных направлениях. В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы совершенствования и увеличения капитализации коммерческих банков.

Annotatsiya: Global miqyosda bank tizimidagi chuqur o‘zgarishlar boshqa mamlakatlarning bank sektoriga ham sezilarli ta’sir ko‘rsatdi. Tijorat banklarida raqamli texnologiyalarning jadal rivojlanishi ularning transformatsiya jarayonini tezlashtirdi. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarini modernizatsiya qilishda ilg‘or xorijiy tajribalarni qo‘llash masalalari yoritilgan.

Abstract:Fundamental changes in the global banking system have significantly influenced the banking sectors of other countries. The rapid development of digital technologies in commercial banks has accelerated their transformation processes. This article examines the application of advanced international practices in the modernization of commercial banks.

Аннотация:Глубокие изменения в мировой банковской системе оказали значительное влияние на банковский сектор других стран. Быстрое развитие цифровых технологий в коммерческих банках ускорило их процессы трансформации. В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы применения передового зарубежного опыта в модернизации коммерческих банков.

Annotatsiya: Kichik biznes mamlakat iqtisodiyotining rivojlanishida muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Ularning moliyaviy resurslarga bo‘lgan talabini qondirishda tijorat banklari asosiy rol o‘ynaydi. Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekistonda kichik biznes subyektlarini moliyalashtirish jarayoni, shuningdek, "Biznesni rivojlantirish banki" ATB misolida kreditlash amaliyoti va uning samaradorligi tahlil qilinadi.

Abstract: Small businesses play a crucial role in the economic development of a country. Commercial banks play a key role in meeting their financial resource needs. This article analyzes the financing process of small business entities in Uzbekistan, as well as the lending practices and efficiency of "Business Development Bank" JSC.

Аннотация: Малый бизнес играет важную роль в развитии экономики страны. Коммерческие банки выполняют ключевую функцию в удовлетворении их потребностей в финансовых ресурсах. В данной статье анализируется процесс финансирования субъектов малого бизнеса в Узбекистане, а также практика кредитования и эффективность АКБ «Банк развития бизнеса».

Abstract:   This thesis is aimed at to explain the peculiarities of English and Uzbek proverbs, their differences according to two different nations’ cultures, compare the proverbs’ structures in English and Uzbek. As English proverbs contain semantic-syntactic structure, historical, cultural and structural features, it is essential to differentiate lingua-cultural differences between English and Uzbek language. In this article, such cases of these two languages are discussed.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu tezisda Islom moliyasida g’arrarni (noaniqlikni) oldini olish usullari tahlil qilinadi. Islom moliya tizimida g’arrar taqiqlangan bo‘lib, u iqtisodiy barqarorlik va adolat tamoyillariga zid hisoblanadi. Tadqiqotda g’arrarning oldini olish uchun shaffoflik va aniq shartnomalar, riskni adolatli taqsimlash, halol moliyaviy vositalardan foydalanish, aktivlarga asoslangan moliyaviy operatsiyalar va shariat nazorati kabi asosiy usullar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, ushbu tamoyillarga rioya qilish orqali moliyaviy operatsiyalarning adolatli va barqaror bo‘lishi ta’minlanadi. Islomiy moliya institutlari shariat talablariga mos keladigan moliyaviy vositalarni ishlab chiqish orqali g’arrarning oldini olishni yanada samarali amalga oshirishi mumkin.

          Annotatsiya: Psixologik hizmat asoslari, psixologiya sohasidagi asosiy qonun va tamoyillardir. Ushbu asoslar, psixologik tadqiqotlarni amalga oshirish, ma'lumotlarni to'plash va tahlil qilish, psixologik masalalarni yechish va psixologik ko'mak ko'rsatish jarayonida muhimdir.

ANNOTATSIYA. Maqolada chet tilini o‘zlashtirish jarayonining psixologik jihatlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Psixologiyaning ta’limdagi o‘rni va uning pedagogika va tilshunoslik bilan aloqasini o‘rganadi. Maqolada xorijiy tillarni o‘qitishda psixologik nazariyalarni qo‘llash usullari, o‘qituvchining kasbiy til kompetensiyasi, o‘quv predmeti va o‘quvchilarning individual xususiyatlarini hisobga olish omillari, ayniqsa chet tillarini o‘rganish motivatsiyasi muhimligini ta’kidlaydi.Maqolada o‘qitishning intellektini oshirish jarayonidagi bosqichlarning xarakteristikasi keltirilgan. Klassik psixoanaliz ota-ona va bola munosabatlarini bolaning shaxsiy rivojlanishi markaziga qo‘yadigan birinchi ilmiy yo‘nalish bo‘lganligi ma’lum.

Abstract: This article discusses the current problems of teaching foreign languages using new innovative pedagogical technologies. Despite rapid advancements in educational tools, language teaching still faces challenges in methodology, adaptability, and student engagement. The paper analyzes how modern technologies such as digital platforms, interactive applications, and blended learning methods are transforming the teaching process. However, issues such as teachers’ digital competence, lack of tailored materials, and limited classroom time remain significant obstacles. The research highlights the need for continuous teacher training and the development of creative, student-centered approaches. The role of motivation and interactive communication in mastering foreign languages is emphasized. Furthermore, the article explores the integration of AI and virtual reality in language classrooms. The study concludes by suggesting practical recommendations for effective technology-based language instruction.

Abstract:.Language learning is a complex process that involves multiple skills and strategies. Among the various resources available to language learners, books stand out as one of the most valuable and enduring tools. This article explores the role of books in language acquisition, highlighting their significance in providing structure, promoting active learning, and offering cultural insights. Books offer a comprehensive approach to learning a language, from enhancing vocabulary and grammar to fostering an understanding of idiomatic expressions and cultural contexts. The flexibility and accessibility of books make them ideal for learners of all levels, allowing them to study at their own pace and choose materials that match their interests and proficiency. By engaging with books, learners can build long-term retention, improve their reading comprehension, and develop a deeper connection to the language. This article discusses how books, whether textbooks, novels, or reference materials, can become lifelong companions in the language-learning journey, aiding learners in achieving fluency and mastery.

Abstract: Spoken and written English differ significantly in structure, style, and purpose. Spoken English is often informal, spontaneous, and context-dependent, featuring contractions, pauses, and non-standard grammar. It relies on intonation, body language, and immediate feedback for meaning. In contrast, written English is more structured, formal, and carefully revised, following grammatical conventions for clarity and coherence. While spoken language allows for real-time interaction and adaptability, written communication ensures permanence and precision. Understanding these differences is essential for effective communication in various social, academic, and professional contexts. This article explores these distinctions, their implications, and strategies for mastering both forms of language

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an integral part of modern society, significantly impacting various sectors such as healthcare, finance, education, and transportation. This paper discusses the role of AI in these fields and its broader implications for social life. In healthcare, AI enhances diagnostic accuracy and improves patient care through advanced data analysis and predictive modeling. In finance, it aids in fraud detection and enhances customer service by automating processes. In education, AI facilitates personalized learning experiences and streamlines administrative tasks. Meanwhile, in transportation, autonomous vehicles and intelligent traffic management systems contribute to increased safety and efficiency. However, the rapid development of AI also raises ethical concerns, including issues of bias, privacy, and job displacement. The paper emphasizes the need for responsible development and regulation of AI technologies to harness their potential benefits while mitigating associated risks. Overall, while AI can positively influence society, a cautious and informed approach is essential to ensure its responsible integration into everyday life. Keywords:  Artificial Intelligence (AI)  Machine Learning  Deep Learning Natural Language Processing (NLP) Automation Data Analytics Predictive Modeling Ethics in AI  Bias in Algorithms Autonomous Systems Smart Technologies Human-Computer Interaction AI in Healthcare  AI in Finance AI in Education

Annotatsiya: Ushbu tezisimizda Boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining nutqiy komponentlarini rivojlantirishning ilk boshqichlari va 1-4-sinf o‘quvchilarida maktab o‘qish savodxonligi darsliklarida keltirilgan adabiiy asarlar asosida nutq komponentlarini shakillantirishga qaratilgan dastlabki ishlar mazmuni yoritilgan.

Abstract: This article investigates the influence of sustainable environment on the decision-making process of tourists when selecting their travel destinations. It examines the role of natural beauty, climate, environmental quality, biodiversity, and the growing importance of sustainability in shaping tourist preferences. The research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how the environment affects tourism trends and offers recommendations for stakeholders in the tourism industry to align their strategies with the evolving preferences of environmentally conscious travelers.

Аннотация: Ушбу мақолада ХIХ аср охири — ХХ аср боши Тошкент шаҳридаги масжидлар безагида кошинкорлик санъатининг ўрни ўрганилган.

Аннотация: В статье рассматривается роль искусства керамики в оформлении мечетей Ташкента в конце XIX — начале XX вв.

Аннотатион: The article examines the role of ceramic art in the decoration of Tashkent mosques in the late 19th – early 20th centuries.

Abstract: Language is an important communication tool in everyday life, and an understanding of how language reflects and shapes gender roles can provide valuable insights into the social construction and perception of gender in society. Many psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, and other researchers into language and gender have shown a keener interest in the differences between men and women in the ways they communicate and interact than in the similarities between them, focusing on aspects such as style of language and speech. By highlighting some of the important aspects of cross-gender communication and language variation, the main objective of this paper is to suggest areas for more in-depth research in the future that could produce findings.

Annotatsiya: Preeklampsiya – bu homiladorlikning jiddiy asoratlaridan biri bo‘lib, u ko‘pgina ayollarda buyrak, yurak-tomir tizimi va boshqa a’zolarga salbiy ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Buyraklar preeklampsiya paytida eng ko‘p zararlanadigan a’zolardan biri hisoblanadi. Ushbu tadqiqot preeklampsiya oqibatida vafot etgan homilador ayollarning buyraklaridagi patomorfologik o‘zgarishlarni o‘rganishga qaratilgan.

Актуальность научной работы. Известно, что успешная подготовка будущих специалистов-медиков к профессиональной деятельности предъявляет повышенные требования к их психофизиологическим возможностям, личностным качествам. И далеко не всегда эти нагрузки соответствуют уровню психоэмоциональной готовности студентов, учитывают их уровень здоровья и функциональные резервы. Ведь студенты – особая социальная группа, наиболее подверженная воздействию таких факторов, как нервно-эмо циональное напряжение и социальная незащищенность. Напряженность выпускных экзаменов за среднюю школу, вступительные экзамены в вуз, смена привычного образа жизни отрицательно отражаются на их здоровье и качестве жизни. В последние время наблюдается стойкое ухудшение состояния здоровья студенческой молодежи [1].

Annotatsiya;Markaziy Osiyo mintaqasi tarixan, iqtisodiy, siyosiy va madaniy jihatdan o‘ziga xos hudud bo‘lib, uning tarkibiga O‘zbekiston, Qozog‘iston, Qirg‘iziston, Tojikiston va Turkmaniston kiradi. Ushbu maqolada, Markaziy Osiyoning geosiyosiy ahamiyati, mintaqadagi asosiy iqtisodiy va madaniy o‘zgarishlar, shuningdek, mintaqaviy hamkorlik va xavfsizlik muammolari tahlil qilinadi. Maqola, mintaqaning global va mintaqaviy o‘zgarishlarga qanday javob berganini, shuningdek, yangi rivojlanish yo‘llarini ko‘rsatib o‘tadi.

Abstract:The Central Asian region is a historically, economically, politically, and culturally unique region that includes Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan. This article analyzes the geopolitical significance of Central Asia, the main economic and cultural changes in the region, as well as regional cooperation and security issues. The article examines how the region has responded to global and regional changes, as well as new development paths.

Аннотация: Центральноазиатский регион – исторически, экономически, политически и культурно уникальный регион, в который входят Узбекистан, Казахстан, Кыргызстан, Таджикистан и Туркменистан. В данной статье анализируется геополитическое значение Центральной Азии, основные экономические и культурные изменения в регионе, а также вопросы регионального сотрудничества и безопасности. В статье показано, как регион отреагировал на глобальные и региональные изменения, а также на новые пути развития.

            Anotatsiya: Mazkur maqola "Bronza davri madaniy jarayonlaridan keyin qurilishdagi o'zgarishlar: Surxondaryo misoli" mavzusida qamrab olingan tadqiqotni taqdim etadi. Maqola bronza davri madaniyatlari bilan bog‘liq qurilish texnikasi va uslublaridagi o‘zgarishlarni Surxondaryo viloyati misolida tahlil qiladi. Tarixiy arxeologik qazishmalar va materiallarni o‘rganish asosida, bu davrda qurilish texnologiyalaridagi rivojlanishlarni va o‘zgarishlarni aniqlandi. Qolaversa maqola madaniy va iqtisodiy omillar, shuningdek, hududiy xususiyatlarning qurilish jarayonlariga qanday ta'sir ko‘rsatganligini yoritadi.

         Abstract: This article presents a study on "Changes in construction after the Bronze Age cultural processes: Surkhandarya". The article analyzes the changes in construction techniques and styles associated with Bronze Age cultures on the example of Surkhandarya region. On the basis of historical geological excavations and the study of materials, problems and changes in construction technologies in this process were identified. In addition, the article shows how the cultural and economic orientation affects the construction processes of regional production.

         Аннотация: В данной статье представлено исследование на тему «Изменения в строительстве после культурных процессов бронзового века: Сурхандарьинская область». В статье на примере Сурхандарьинской области анализируются изменения в строительных технологиях и стилях, связанные с культурами бронзового века. На основе исторических геологических раскопок и изучения материалов выявлены проблемы и изменения технологий строительства в этом процессе. Кроме того, в статье показано, как культурно-экономическая направленность влияет на процессы построения регионального производства.

Annotatsiya: Mazkur maqolada pedagogik terminlarning uyadoshligi masalasi har tomonlama o‘rganilib, ularning lingvistik xususiyatlari, shakllanish omillari va semantik bog‘liqligi tahlil etiladi. Pedagogik terminologiya tizimi ichidagi sinonimiya, antonimiya va giponimiya-giperonimiya munosabatlari ilmiy jihatdan yoritiladi. Shuningdek, pedagogik terminlarni standartlashtirish, ularning xalqaro va milliy tilga moslashuvi bo‘yicha uslubiy yondashuvlar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Ushbu maqola tilshunoslik, pedagogika va terminshunoslik sohalari mutaxassislari uchun mo‘ljallangan.

Annotatsiya:Bugungi kunda jahonda tijorat banklarining kredit portfeli ortib bormoqda. Bu albatta nafaqat banklarga daromad balki muammoli kreditlar hajmining oshishiga olib keladi. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida muammoli kreditlarni samarali boshqarish yo’llari yoritib berilgan.

Аннотация:сегодня кредитный портфель коммерческих банков в мире растет. Это обязательно принесет не только доход банкам, но и увеличит объем проблемных кредитов. В этой статье описаны способы эффективного управления проблемными кредитами в коммерческих банках.

Abstract: today, the loan portfolio of commercial banks in the world is growing. This is sure to bring not only income to banks, but also increase the volume of problem loans. This article describes ways to effectively manage problem loans in commercial banks.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida aholi depozitlarining himoyasini ta’minlashga qaratilgan mexanizmlarni takomillashtirish strategiyalari tahlil qilinadi. Bank tizimining barqarorligini mustahkamlash va mijozlarning moliyaviy institutlarga bo‘lgan ishonchini oshirish maqsadida zamonaviy sug‘urta mexanizmlari, tartibga solish va nazorat tizimlari hamda xalqaro tajribaga asoslangan yondashuvlar o‘rganiladi.

Abstract:This article analyzes strategies for improving mechanisms to ensure the protection of household deposits in commercial banks. To strengthen the stability of the banking system and increase public trust in financial institutions, modern insurance mechanisms, regulatory and supervisory systems, as well as approaches based on international experience, are examined.

Аннотация:В данной статье анализируются стратегии совершенствования механизмов обеспечения защиты вкладов населения в коммерческих банках. В целях укрепления стабильности банковской системы и повышения доверия клиентов к финансовым институтам изучаются современные механизмы страхования, системы регулирования и надзора, а также подходы, основанные на международном опыте.

Annotatsiya: Hozirgi kunda tijorat banklari turli xil bank xizmatlarini yo‘lga qo‘yish strategiyalarini ishlab chiqmoqda. Ulardan biri islomiy bank xizmatlarini joriy etish va rivojlantirish hisoblanadi. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarida islomiy moliyaviy xizmatlarni tashkil etish imkoniyatlari va istiqbollari yoritilgan.

Аннотация: В настоящее время коммерческие банки разрабатывают стратегии внедрения различных банковских услуг. Одним из направлений является внедрение и развитие исламских банковских услуг. В данной статье освещены возможности и перспективы организации исламских финансовых услуг в коммерческих банках.

Abstract:Currently, commercial banks are developing strategies for implementing various banking services. One of these directions is the introduction and development of Islamic banking services. This article highlights the opportunities and prospects for establishing Islamic financial services in commercial banks.

Annotatsiya: Jahon miqyosida tijorat banklarining iqtisodiyotga ta’siri tobora ortib bormoqda. Bank kapitali ularning moliyaviy barqarorligi va mustaqilligini belgilovchi asosiy omillardan biri hisoblanadi. Hozirgi kunda O‘zbekistonda banklar kapitallashuvi jarayoni turli yo‘nalishlar bo‘yicha rivojlanmoqda. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarining kapitallashuv darajasini oshirish va uni takomillashtirish masalalari atroflicha yoritilgan.

Abstract:The impact of commercial banks on the economy is steadily increasing worldwide. Bank capital is a key indicator ensuring the financial stability and independence of commercial banks. Currently, the capitalization process of banks in Uzbekistan is developing in various directions. This article explores the issues of improving and enhancing the capitalization of commercial banks.

Аннотация: Влияние коммерческих банков на экономику во всем мире неуклонно растет. Банковский капитал является ключевым показателем, обеспечивающим финансовую стабильность и независимость коммерческих банков. В настоящее время процесс капитализации банков в Узбекистане развивается в разных направлениях. В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы совершенствования и увеличения капитализации коммерческих банков.

Annotatsiya: Global miqyosda bank tizimidagi chuqur o‘zgarishlar boshqa mamlakatlarning bank sektoriga ham sezilarli ta’sir ko‘rsatdi. Tijorat banklarida raqamli texnologiyalarning jadal rivojlanishi ularning transformatsiya jarayonini tezlashtirdi. Ushbu maqolada tijorat banklarini modernizatsiya qilishda ilg‘or xorijiy tajribalarni qo‘llash masalalari yoritilgan.

Abstract:Fundamental changes in the global banking system have significantly influenced the banking sectors of other countries. The rapid development of digital technologies in commercial banks has accelerated their transformation processes. This article examines the application of advanced international practices in the modernization of commercial banks.

Аннотация:Глубокие изменения в мировой банковской системе оказали значительное влияние на банковский сектор других стран. Быстрое развитие цифровых технологий в коммерческих банках ускорило их процессы трансформации. В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы применения передового зарубежного опыта в модернизации коммерческих банков.

Annotatsiya: Kichik biznes mamlakat iqtisodiyotining rivojlanishida muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Ularning moliyaviy resurslarga bo‘lgan talabini qondirishda tijorat banklari asosiy rol o‘ynaydi. Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekistonda kichik biznes subyektlarini moliyalashtirish jarayoni, shuningdek, "Biznesni rivojlantirish banki" ATB misolida kreditlash amaliyoti va uning samaradorligi tahlil qilinadi.

Abstract: Small businesses play a crucial role in the economic development of a country. Commercial banks play a key role in meeting their financial resource needs. This article analyzes the financing process of small business entities in Uzbekistan, as well as the lending practices and efficiency of "Business Development Bank" JSC.

Аннотация: Малый бизнес играет важную роль в развитии экономики страны. Коммерческие банки выполняют ключевую функцию в удовлетворении их потребностей в финансовых ресурсах. В данной статье анализируется процесс финансирования субъектов малого бизнеса в Узбекистане, а также практика кредитования и эффективность АКБ «Банк развития бизнеса».

Abstract:   This thesis is aimed at to explain the peculiarities of English and Uzbek proverbs, their differences according to two different nations’ cultures, compare the proverbs’ structures in English and Uzbek. As English proverbs contain semantic-syntactic structure, historical, cultural and structural features, it is essential to differentiate lingua-cultural differences between English and Uzbek language. In this article, such cases of these two languages are discussed.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu tezisda Islom moliyasida g’arrarni (noaniqlikni) oldini olish usullari tahlil qilinadi. Islom moliya tizimida g’arrar taqiqlangan bo‘lib, u iqtisodiy barqarorlik va adolat tamoyillariga zid hisoblanadi. Tadqiqotda g’arrarning oldini olish uchun shaffoflik va aniq shartnomalar, riskni adolatli taqsimlash, halol moliyaviy vositalardan foydalanish, aktivlarga asoslangan moliyaviy operatsiyalar va shariat nazorati kabi asosiy usullar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, ushbu tamoyillarga rioya qilish orqali moliyaviy operatsiyalarning adolatli va barqaror bo‘lishi ta’minlanadi. Islomiy moliya institutlari shariat talablariga mos keladigan moliyaviy vositalarni ishlab chiqish orqali g’arrarning oldini olishni yanada samarali amalga oshirishi mumkin.

          Annotatsiya: Psixologik hizmat asoslari, psixologiya sohasidagi asosiy qonun va tamoyillardir. Ushbu asoslar, psixologik tadqiqotlarni amalga oshirish, ma'lumotlarni to'plash va tahlil qilish, psixologik masalalarni yechish va psixologik ko'mak ko'rsatish jarayonida muhimdir.

ANNOTATSIYA. Maqolada chet tilini o‘zlashtirish jarayonining psixologik jihatlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Psixologiyaning ta’limdagi o‘rni va uning pedagogika va tilshunoslik bilan aloqasini o‘rganadi. Maqolada xorijiy tillarni o‘qitishda psixologik nazariyalarni qo‘llash usullari, o‘qituvchining kasbiy til kompetensiyasi, o‘quv predmeti va o‘quvchilarning individual xususiyatlarini hisobga olish omillari, ayniqsa chet tillarini o‘rganish motivatsiyasi muhimligini ta’kidlaydi.Maqolada o‘qitishning intellektini oshirish jarayonidagi bosqichlarning xarakteristikasi keltirilgan. Klassik psixoanaliz ota-ona va bola munosabatlarini bolaning shaxsiy rivojlanishi markaziga qo‘yadigan birinchi ilmiy yo‘nalish bo‘lganligi ma’lum.

Abstract: This article discusses the current problems of teaching foreign languages using new innovative pedagogical technologies. Despite rapid advancements in educational tools, language teaching still faces challenges in methodology, adaptability, and student engagement. The paper analyzes how modern technologies such as digital platforms, interactive applications, and blended learning methods are transforming the teaching process. However, issues such as teachers’ digital competence, lack of tailored materials, and limited classroom time remain significant obstacles. The research highlights the need for continuous teacher training and the development of creative, student-centered approaches. The role of motivation and interactive communication in mastering foreign languages is emphasized. Furthermore, the article explores the integration of AI and virtual reality in language classrooms. The study concludes by suggesting practical recommendations for effective technology-based language instruction.

Abstract:.Language learning is a complex process that involves multiple skills and strategies. Among the various resources available to language learners, books stand out as one of the most valuable and enduring tools. This article explores the role of books in language acquisition, highlighting their significance in providing structure, promoting active learning, and offering cultural insights. Books offer a comprehensive approach to learning a language, from enhancing vocabulary and grammar to fostering an understanding of idiomatic expressions and cultural contexts. The flexibility and accessibility of books make them ideal for learners of all levels, allowing them to study at their own pace and choose materials that match their interests and proficiency. By engaging with books, learners can build long-term retention, improve their reading comprehension, and develop a deeper connection to the language. This article discusses how books, whether textbooks, novels, or reference materials, can become lifelong companions in the language-learning journey, aiding learners in achieving fluency and mastery.

Abstract: Spoken and written English differ significantly in structure, style, and purpose. Spoken English is often informal, spontaneous, and context-dependent, featuring contractions, pauses, and non-standard grammar. It relies on intonation, body language, and immediate feedback for meaning. In contrast, written English is more structured, formal, and carefully revised, following grammatical conventions for clarity and coherence. While spoken language allows for real-time interaction and adaptability, written communication ensures permanence and precision. Understanding these differences is essential for effective communication in various social, academic, and professional contexts. This article explores these distinctions, their implications, and strategies for mastering both forms of language

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an integral part of modern society, significantly impacting various sectors such as healthcare, finance, education, and transportation. This paper discusses the role of AI in these fields and its broader implications for social life. In healthcare, AI enhances diagnostic accuracy and improves patient care through advanced data analysis and predictive modeling. In finance, it aids in fraud detection and enhances customer service by automating processes. In education, AI facilitates personalized learning experiences and streamlines administrative tasks. Meanwhile, in transportation, autonomous vehicles and intelligent traffic management systems contribute to increased safety and efficiency. However, the rapid development of AI also raises ethical concerns, including issues of bias, privacy, and job displacement. The paper emphasizes the need for responsible development and regulation of AI technologies to harness their potential benefits while mitigating associated risks. Overall, while AI can positively influence society, a cautious and informed approach is essential to ensure its responsible integration into everyday life. Keywords:  Artificial Intelligence (AI)  Machine Learning  Deep Learning Natural Language Processing (NLP) Automation Data Analytics Predictive Modeling Ethics in AI  Bias in Algorithms Autonomous Systems Smart Technologies Human-Computer Interaction AI in Healthcare  AI in Finance AI in Education

Annotatsiya: Ushbu tezisimizda Boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining nutqiy komponentlarini rivojlantirishning ilk boshqichlari va 1-4-sinf o‘quvchilarida maktab o‘qish savodxonligi darsliklarida keltirilgan adabiiy asarlar asosida nutq komponentlarini shakillantirishga qaratilgan dastlabki ishlar mazmuni yoritilgan.

Abstract: This article investigates the influence of sustainable environment on the decision-making process of tourists when selecting their travel destinations. It examines the role of natural beauty, climate, environmental quality, biodiversity, and the growing importance of sustainability in shaping tourist preferences. The research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how the environment affects tourism trends and offers recommendations for stakeholders in the tourism industry to align their strategies with the evolving preferences of environmentally conscious travelers.

Аннотация: Ушбу мақолада ХIХ аср охири — ХХ аср боши Тошкент шаҳридаги масжидлар безагида кошинкорлик санъатининг ўрни ўрганилган.

Аннотация: В статье рассматривается роль искусства керамики в оформлении мечетей Ташкента в конце XIX — начале XX вв.

Аннотатион: The article examines the role of ceramic art in the decoration of Tashkent mosques in the late 19th – early 20th centuries.

Abstract: Language is an important communication tool in everyday life, and an understanding of how language reflects and shapes gender roles can provide valuable insights into the social construction and perception of gender in society. Many psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, and other researchers into language and gender have shown a keener interest in the differences between men and women in the ways they communicate and interact than in the similarities between them, focusing on aspects such as style of language and speech. By highlighting some of the important aspects of cross-gender communication and language variation, the main objective of this paper is to suggest areas for more in-depth research in the future that could produce findings.

Annotatsiya: Preeklampsiya – bu homiladorlikning jiddiy asoratlaridan biri bo‘lib, u ko‘pgina ayollarda buyrak, yurak-tomir tizimi va boshqa a’zolarga salbiy ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Buyraklar preeklampsiya paytida eng ko‘p zararlanadigan a’zolardan biri hisoblanadi. Ushbu tadqiqot preeklampsiya oqibatida vafot etgan homilador ayollarning buyraklaridagi patomorfologik o‘zgarishlarni o‘rganishga qaratilgan.

Актуальность научной работы. Известно, что успешная подготовка будущих специалистов-медиков к профессиональной деятельности предъявляет повышенные требования к их психофизиологическим возможностям, личностным качествам. И далеко не всегда эти нагрузки соответствуют уровню психоэмоциональной готовности студентов, учитывают их уровень здоровья и функциональные резервы. Ведь студенты – особая социальная группа, наиболее подверженная воздействию таких факторов, как нервно-эмо циональное напряжение и социальная незащищенность. Напряженность выпускных экзаменов за среднюю школу, вступительные экзамены в вуз, смена привычного образа жизни отрицательно отражаются на их здоровье и качестве жизни. В последние время наблюдается стойкое ухудшение состояния здоровья студенческой молодежи [1].

Annotatsiya;Markaziy Osiyo mintaqasi tarixan, iqtisodiy, siyosiy va madaniy jihatdan o‘ziga xos hudud bo‘lib, uning tarkibiga O‘zbekiston, Qozog‘iston, Qirg‘iziston, Tojikiston va Turkmaniston kiradi. Ushbu maqolada, Markaziy Osiyoning geosiyosiy ahamiyati, mintaqadagi asosiy iqtisodiy va madaniy o‘zgarishlar, shuningdek, mintaqaviy hamkorlik va xavfsizlik muammolari tahlil qilinadi. Maqola, mintaqaning global va mintaqaviy o‘zgarishlarga qanday javob berganini, shuningdek, yangi rivojlanish yo‘llarini ko‘rsatib o‘tadi.

Abstract:The Central Asian region is a historically, economically, politically, and culturally unique region that includes Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan. This article analyzes the geopolitical significance of Central Asia, the main economic and cultural changes in the region, as well as regional cooperation and security issues. The article examines how the region has responded to global and regional changes, as well as new development paths.

Аннотация: Центральноазиатский регион – исторически, экономически, политически и культурно уникальный регион, в который входят Узбекистан, Казахстан, Кыргызстан, Таджикистан и Туркменистан. В данной статье анализируется геополитическое значение Центральной Азии, основные экономические и культурные изменения в регионе, а также вопросы регионального сотрудничества и безопасности. В статье показано, как регион отреагировал на глобальные и региональные изменения, а также на новые пути развития.

            Anotatsiya: Mazkur maqola "Bronza davri madaniy jarayonlaridan keyin qurilishdagi o'zgarishlar: Surxondaryo misoli" mavzusida qamrab olingan tadqiqotni taqdim etadi. Maqola bronza davri madaniyatlari bilan bog‘liq qurilish texnikasi va uslublaridagi o‘zgarishlarni Surxondaryo viloyati misolida tahlil qiladi. Tarixiy arxeologik qazishmalar va materiallarni o‘rganish asosida, bu davrda qurilish texnologiyalaridagi rivojlanishlarni va o‘zgarishlarni aniqlandi. Qolaversa maqola madaniy va iqtisodiy omillar, shuningdek, hududiy xususiyatlarning qurilish jarayonlariga qanday ta'sir ko‘rsatganligini yoritadi.

         Abstract: This article presents a study on "Changes in construction after the Bronze Age cultural processes: Surkhandarya". The article analyzes the changes in construction techniques and styles associated with Bronze Age cultures on the example of Surkhandarya region. On the basis of historical geological excavations and the study of materials, problems and changes in construction technologies in this process were identified. In addition, the article shows how the cultural and economic orientation affects the construction processes of regional production.

         Аннотация: В данной статье представлено исследование на тему «Изменения в строительстве после культурных процессов бронзового века: Сурхандарьинская область». В статье на примере Сурхандарьинской области анализируются изменения в строительных технологиях и стилях, связанные с культурами бронзового века. На основе исторических геологических раскопок и изучения материалов выявлены проблемы и изменения технологий строительства в этом процессе. Кроме того, в статье показано, как культурно-экономическая направленность влияет на процессы построения регионального производства.

Annotatsiya: Mazkur maqolada pedagogik terminlarning uyadoshligi masalasi har tomonlama o‘rganilib, ularning lingvistik xususiyatlari, shakllanish omillari va semantik bog‘liqligi tahlil etiladi. Pedagogik terminologiya tizimi ichidagi sinonimiya, antonimiya va giponimiya-giperonimiya munosabatlari ilmiy jihatdan yoritiladi. Shuningdek, pedagogik terminlarni standartlashtirish, ularning xalqaro va milliy tilga moslashuvi bo‘yicha uslubiy yondashuvlar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Ushbu maqola tilshunoslik, pedagogika va terminshunoslik sohalari mutaxassislari uchun mo‘ljallangan.