All articles - Respiratory System
Number of articles: 576
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The analysis of ray diagnosis in rheumatoid lungs. The radiographs(with the help of KXO-50, Toshi-ba, Japan) of patients’ thorax organsaged from 25 to 70 with RA, and CT (Sonratow, Silmens) of 2 mm sec-tion in chest among 10 patients with general disease have been done. In radiographs of R Apatients’ thorax organs the following radiographic changes have been identified: Among 75% patients with general disease increasing the size of lungs and deformation with focal shadows, among 14% patients pneumonia focus (pic-ture 1) and of them 11% pleurodiaphragmatic scar have been found. Conventional radiograph and CT check-ups of thorax organs are considered as a main method of ray diagnosis. However, incomplete acuteness of early diagnosis of radiographic method and low level of identifying pathological process weakens the diag-nostic importance of this method. Because of this, radiographs of RA patients’ thorax organs cannot identify the changes of lungs. Therefore, radiography and CT methods are not contradictory, but complete each other in identifying morphological changes -
Efficacy of nebulized acetylcysteine in the treatment acute bronchiolitis in infantsThe purpose of the study: examine the effectiveness of using acetylcysteine inhalation in the treatment of acute bronchiolitis in infants. The study involved 44 patients with acute bronchiolitis. All patients were randomly divided into two groups. 21 patients were observed in group I (control) who received therapy as mucolytic ambroxol orally. 21 patients included in the II group were treated with inhaled nebulized acetyl-cysteine through compression nebulizer via 10% "ACC®INJECT" solution. According to the study, II group of patients, treated with nebulized acetylcysteine, were noted: significant reduction in the intensity of cough compared with the control group at 5 and 8 days (P<0,01; P<0,01), the improvement of sputum discharge on 5, 8 days (P<0.01; P<0.05), improvement of SSA scale indicators on 3-8 days of the disease (P<0.05; the P<0.001), reduced duration of oxygen therapy and length of hospitalization (P<0,05; P <0,02). Thus, using of acetylcysteine as an nebulized inhalation can be regarded as effective and safe drug for the treatment of children with acute bronchiolitis
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Definition. Acute bronchiolitis (J 21) is an acute infectious (mainly viral etiology) inflammatory disease of the lower respiratory tract, characterized by inflammation, edema and necrosis of epithelial cells, as well as increased mucus formation in the bronchioles, resulting in violation of air patency in the respiratory tract [2,13,21]. Clinically, the disease is characterized by an abundance of diffuse small moist and crepitant rales, an obsessive cough, usually marked shortness of breath and respiratory failure. -
The role of cytologigal research in value of local immunity in otitis media witnefussionProposed use immunocytological analysis smears reprint of mucosal pharyngeal mouth of the auditory tube to assess local immunity of middle ear in otitis media with effusion. Revealed that the index of phago-cytosis is less than 50 % shows a satisfactory immune response and favorable clinical prognosis, the index of incomplete phagocytosis more than 50 % indicates a failure of the immune response and is a predictor of chronic inflammation
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
The purpose of the study: to determine the significance of various factors in the formation of bronchial obstruction in children with respiratory diseases. The study involved 80 patients who were divided into 2 groups: I group - 40 children with acute bronchitis, II group - 40 children with acute obstructive bronchitis. It is revealed that the most frequent factors in the formation of bronchial obstruction syndrome were: mother’s chronic infection, obesity, perinatal injuries of the central nervous system, atopy, asphyxia, bottle-feeding, absence of vaccination, lymphatic hypoplastic diathesis, unadapted feeding family history of bronchopulmonary diseases. Thus, the identification of factors contributing to the risk of development of bronchial obstruction in children will reduce the incidence of bronchial obstruction and severity of the disease. -
Actively promotes and antioxidant system in erythrocyte membranes in children with pulmonary tuberculosisUnder the influence of hypoxia, bacterial toxins, products of violations of the first metabolism and changes in hemodynamics in neonates with pneumonia marked dysfunction of vital organs. These changes are accompanied by increased activity of lipid peroxidation processes and reorganization of systems of anti-oxidant protection of red blood cells.
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Сoronary disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a mutually aggravating courseIt has been established that in patients with a combined course of coronary disease and chronic ob-structive pulmonary disease a mutually aggravating course consists in an elevation of the intensity of the processes of a free radical lipid oxidation at the expense of an increase of the level of malonic aldehyde with a diminished functioning of the system of the antioxidant defence (a decresed activity of catalase, an in-creased level of ceruloplasmin, a decreased of the lysis of low molecular proteins and the collagenolytic ac-tivity of the blood plasma. It has been corroborated that a growth of the level of endothelin–1 is the principal component of detected pathogenic transformations
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Wc analyze the results of X-ray light polypositional 74 patients with bronchial asthma. Of these, 20 patients with disease duration of 5 years and in 54 patients over 5 years. It was found that in the early period of asthma lung X-ray pattern is not marked from the usual background or identify signs of hyperventilation. X-ray changes in the lungs are observed with long-term course of asthma in the parenchyma (100%), interstitial (86%), bronchitis (36%) as the concomitant changes in the lungs, or complications of asthma. -
The examination 298 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CR) in the age of from 16 till 65 years were conducted. Identified various forms of fungal rhinosinusitis in 43 patients — 14.4% of the surveyed patients with CR: micetoma (fungal ball) of the paranasal sinuses (58%), superficial sinonasal mycosis (14%), chronic invasive fungal sinusitis (4,7%), CR associated with the fungal infection (23%). As a result of mycological culture in 67% of cases identified fungi of the genus Aspergillus, in 27,9% — fungi Candida. -
Efficacy of nebulized acetylcysteine in the treatment of acute obstructive bronchitis in infantsThe purpose of the study: examine the effectiveness of using acetylcysteine inhalation in the treatment of acute obstructive bronchitis in infants. The study involved 52 patients with acute obstructive bronchitis. All patients were randomly divided into two groups. 26 patients were observed in group I (control) who re-ceived therapy as mucolytic ambroxol orally. 26 patients included in the II group were treated with inhaled nebulized acetylcysteine through compression nebulizer via 10% solution. According to the study, II group of patients, treated with nebulized acetylcysteine, were noted: significant reduction in the intensity of cough compared with the control group at 5 and 8 days (P<0,05; P<0,01), the improvement of sputum discharge on 5, 8 days (P<0.01; P<0.05), improvement of SSA scale indicators on 3-8 days of the disease (P<0.05; the P<0.001), reduced duration of oxygen therapy and length of hospitalization (P<0,01; P <0,01). Thus, using of acetylcysteine as an nebulized inhalation can be regarded as effective and safe drug for the treatment of children with acute obstructive bronchitis.
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Assessment of the effect bronchodilators in obstructive conditions in childrenBy the purpose of work was the comparison of clinical efficiency Bronchodilatation at children of ear-ly age. Carried out analyzing of clinical results at 48 patients. The received results have shown, that at the patients 1st of group (24) applications Salbutamol promoted faster reduction of tachiapnea, improvement of a common condition of the patient, reduction of cyanosis at nose lips triangle and cough, disappearance of bronchobstruction symptoms. Whereas at 2 nd group (24) of children receiving auphilin positive dynamic is marked in later terms and in small quantity of the patients. For 2-3 days of treatment the patients with auphilin купирование обструкции it was marked only at 66, 6 % of the patients, at application Salbutamol the complete removal bronchobstruction was marked at 91 % of the patients. Thus, a good transforming of patient and the fast improvement of a clinical status of the patients, prove advantage assignment of Salbuta-mol of bronchobstruction treatment.
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Comorbid depressive states in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, situated on the sanatorium-resort treatmentPsycho-diagnostic survey was conducted using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HDRS) and a shortened version of the Beck Depression Inventory of 116 patients with COPD, situated on the sanatorium-resort treatment (SRT) in Alushta specialized sanatorium "Veteran". As a result of the work there was revealed that the majority of patients (74,1%) occurred comorbid depressive states, whose frequency and their manifestation correlated with the gravity of flow of COPD. Also it was found that the course of SRT makes a beneficial effect on psycho-functional status of patients, with the largest positive developments achieved in patients with easy passage of COPD
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Now tuberculosis - one of the most actual and at the same time underestimated health care problems in the world. The special researches conducted in our country and abroad have shown that tuberculosis at women leads to serious social and economic losses for society. The problem of pulmonary tuberculosis is actual especially during pregnancy and childbirth. -
Clinical and epidemiological for children pertussis in the samarkand regionPeculiarities of clinical course of pertussis in 81 children under the age of 13 years, underwent various clinical forms of pertussis. As a result of investigations it was found that the pertussis suffer mostly children under one year who have an unfavorable premorbid background. Children under one year of clinical forms predominate among moderate and severe forms of the disease. Given the increase in cases of pertussis among vaccinated, you must pay attention to the early diagnosis and strengthen the work on prevention of specific diseases.
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
The mucocele of the paranasal sinuses is a kind of retention saccular cyst of any one paranasal sinus, which is formed as a result of obliteration of the nasal excretory duct and the accumulation of mucous and hyaline secretion inside the sinus, as well as elements of desquamation of the epithelium [1, 3, 6]. Most often, the mucocele of the paranasal sinuses is localized in the frontal sinus (80%), then in the ethmoid labyrinth (15%) or on the border between them, which often leads to the penetration of the “cyst” into the orbit,calling exophthalmos, a fact that explains its frequent detection by ophthalmologists. Very rarely, the mucocele is localized in the sphenoid and maxillary sinuses (5%). -
Features morphogenesis lungs and diaphragm in the early period of ontogenesisWe elicited the features of the lung and the diaphragm growth and changes in its structure on 35 series of histological sections of human embryos and prefetuses by means of a complex of adequate anatomical and morpho-statistical study methods. Describe the structure, shape, topography lungs and diaphragm, revealed morphological conditions that cause the occurrence of certain congenital malformations of the respiratory system. At the end of the fourth - at the beginning of the fifth week of prenatal development of bronchopul-monary system is represented by an odd formation colbysimilar form, as the beginning of the formation of lung paired organs occurs in the middle of the fifth week. During prenatal development of the diaphragm through the following stages: Stage 1 - the tab aperture - the fourth to sixth week of fetal development; Stage 2 - the formation of the diaphragm as the phrenic obstacles - the seventh-eighth week of fetal development; Stage 3 - the formation of the definitive shape of the diaphragm - the ninth week of development
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Assessment of risk factors for bronchial obstruction syndrome in childrenA retrospective analysis of 912 cases of children with histories of BOS in age from 1 to 3 years for the period from 2012 to 2015. BOS has developed against the background of an acute obstructive bronchitis was diagnosed in 494 (54.2%) children group 1. In the comparison group, the diagnosis of acute bronchitis without the phenomena of bronchial obstruction was diagnosed in 418 (45.8%) group 2.There were an evaluated fac-tors of the risk in development BOS of the children
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Modified bronchophonography in complex evaluation of bronchial obstruction syndrome in infants
Journal problems of biology and medicineTo develop a method of modified set bronchophonography and set a diagnostic criteria of bronchial obstruction syndrome in young children. The study involved 60 patients with acute bronchiolitis and 60 healthy infants. We have developed the method of modified bronchophonography consisting of the registra-tion system of the respiratory noises and the personal computer. The analysis of respiratory noise was conduct-ed using the special software. Method of modified bronchophonography is important in the diagnosis of bron-chial obstruction syndrome in infants because of its objectivity, simplicity and accessibility of use in pediatric practice. New informative diagnostic criteria of bronchial obstruction syndrome in children has been estab-lished - E:I index, bronchial obstruction is diagnosed at E:I index≥1,20, bronchial obstruction is absent if E:I index≤1,19
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Diagnostics and treatment of menstrual cycle violations in women with pulmonary tuberculosisData of clinical examination and treatment of 25 reproductive age women with pulmonary tuberculosis are presented in the article. It is shown that in female patients with pulmonary tuberculosis significant part of genitalia diseases belongs to menstrual cycle violations (MCV). The diagnostic value of ultrasonographic ex-amination in determination of menstrual function violations in this contingent of women is established. Efficacy of Tivortin-aspartate administration in multimodal treatment of menstrual cycle violations under tuberculosis is proved
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Improvement of surgical treatment of echinococcosis of lungsIn the course of work we defined the following indications to performance to small and invasive inter-ventions: single EK, cysts in the diameter up to 15 cm, a peripheral arrangement of cysts, uncomplicated EK. As contraindications to performance of EE from lungs by low-invasive access it is considered: the multiple EK located in various shares of a lung, huge EK more than 15 cm in the diameter, cysts of a difficult form, нагноившиеся EK with the expressed perifokalny inflammation, recurrence of a disease or earlier postponed torakotomiya on the party of defeat
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Presently tuberculosis - one of most actual and at the same time of the underestimated problems of health protection in the world. The special researches conducted in our country and abroad showed that tuberculosis for women resulted in serious social and economic losses for society. The problem of pulmonary tuberculosis is particularly relevant during pregnancy and childbirth. -
Особенности спирометрических показателей внешнего дыхания у детей с респираторным аллергозомАктуальность проблемы. Достигнутый в последнее время прогресс в изучении механизмов развития респираторных аллергозов (РА) позволил представить новую концепцию его патогенеза, согласно которому основу заболевания составляет хронический аллергический воспалительный процесс в дыхательных путях и связанная с ним гиперреактивность слизистых респираторного тракта. Эта концепция предопределила новую стратегию в лечении больных РА, базирующуюся на проведении противовоспалительной терапии с применением ингаляционных глюкокортикостероидов (иГКС).
Doctor's Herald -
Optimization of the surgical treatment of hypertrophic rhinitisThe problem of the treatment of patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis remains relevant at the mo-ment. The number of this disease is increasing. We want to offer a method of treatment of chronic hyper-trophic rhinitis using a surgical technique vasotomy submucosa. Difference of this method from the rest is that it does not violate the integrity of the nasal mucosa. The paper presents the results of treatment of 30 patients. All patients were performed surgery using glucocorticosteroids. However, when comparing clari-fied at impact survey of complaints in the 1st group the occasional shortness of nasal breathing paid attention 8.3% of patients, while in the 2nd group of patients was 14.8%. Mucus from the nose disturbed patients in group 1 and 10.4% of patients in group 2 14.8%. We came to the conclusion that the improvement of exist-ing and introduction of new surgical techniques using glucocorticosteroids gives good results and can be ap-plied.
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Diagnosis and treatment of acute destructive pneumonia in childrenNumerous recent publications indicate inconsistencies in dealing with the selection of treatment of chil-dren with complicated forms of acute pneumonia, which leads , on the one hand, to unnecessary conserva-tism , and on the other to excessive surgical aggression. To solve this purpose was conducted clinical labora-tory and instrumental examination and treatment of 175 children with acute necrotizing pneumonia at the age of 6 months to 14 years. X-ray analysis of the lung in children with pulmonary EIR possible to identify 37 patients (21.6%) and pulmonary - pleural 138 patients (78.4%) with a predominance of form in early child-hood from one to three years.
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Респираторные нарушения при сальмонеллезе могут возникать как следствие действия эндотоксина, так и при расстройстве микроциркуляции. Это приводит к снижению диффузии газов через альвеолярно-капиллярную мембрану, что делает ткань легких менее резистентной к действию микробов и их токсинов. Также повышается свертывающая активность крови, замедляется капиллярный кровоток, что ведет к образованию микротромбов в сосудах легких. Нарушения микроциркуляции усугубляются явлениями эксикоза. В результате этого возникает синдром дыхательной недостаточности - «шоковое легкое». На нарушение микроциркуляции косвенно указывает увеличение скорости оседания эритроцитов.
