All articles - Urology and Nephrology
Number of articles: 435
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The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the need to develop and implement measures for the surgical treatment of congenital uro-obstruction in children based on new scientific data and sound methods and approaches, which will contribute to solving medical problems associated with this pathology. uropathy, allowing the formation of risk groups on this basis [1, 2]. -
Metabolic disorders in chronic kidney diseases (ChKD) can be considered as a lipid distress syndrome, which is a systemic pathological reaction of the organism that arises on the basis of violations of lipid metabolism. The detection of initial manifestations of lipid metabolism disorders in patients with ChKD allows the identification of high-risk groups with an unfavorable outcome. -
The cardiovascular system in children with chronic glomerulonephritis on the background of hyperuricemia and metabolic uric acidThe Study was performed in 59 children aged 3 to 18 years, located in the Nephrology unit of the Samar-kand regional children's diversified medical center with a diagnosis of chronic glomerulonephritis. N in the period from 2012 to 2016. The composition of the studied children: girls 38 from 3 years to 18 years and boys 21 from 5 years to 18 years. Conducted a comprehensive study of clinical and functional state of the heart on the basis of anamnestic, clinical, laboratory and instrumental parameters in children with chronic glomerulo-nephritis. It is found that increasing the level of uric acid leads to hypertrophy of the ventricles of the heart, vegetative-vascular dystonia, arrhythmia, arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis. cardiovascular disease in children with chronic glomerulonephritis
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
State of blood flow data of ultrasound angiography in tuberculosis of kidneysUltrasonic angiography in nephrotuberculosis is a highly informative method in assessing renal blood flow. The use of ultrasonic angiography in the destructive forms of tuberculosis of the kidneys allows us to specify the tactics of management and treatment of patients
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Clinical and neurological characteristics of adolescent girls with iron deficiency anemiaThe article describes iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls, characterized by various disorders of the autonomic nervous system: Manifested dysfunction suprasegmental level. Encephalopathies syndrome is characterized by mnestic-intellectual disabilities, as well as preferential interest coordinatory systems, which depend on the severity and duration of the disease
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
The article is devoted to the problem of using the median incision along the Vesling line for simultaneous performance of surgery on the organs of both halves of the scrotum (cyst of the epididymis - 8, dropsy of the membranes of the testicles - 4, cyst and dropsy of the membranes of the testicle - 3, testicular surgery for prostate cancer - 1 etc.). The results of simultaneous operations on the scrotum organs in 16 patients indicate the cosmetic advantages of this skin incision and prompt access, the efficiency of the surgical material and the duration of the operation itself. -
The article provides literary information and own observations of some rare, but diversely occurring diseases (foreign bodies of the urethra and bladder, priapism, Peyronie’s disease, oleogranuloma, and itching of the penis). The course, diagnosis and treatment of these diseases are defined as recommendations to practitioners and urologists. -
Diagnosis of the combined pathology of the cancer of the bladder and benign hyperplasia of the prostateTo date, the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of the combined disease of prostate adenoma and bladder cancer (RMP), which continue to attract the attention of urologists due to the constant improvement and introduction of new treatment methods, have not been sufficiently covered in the specialized literature. The question of the scope and sequence of interventions for these mutually aggravating pathologies remains still poorly developed. The detection of combined diseases in the preoperative period, if they are unexpectedly detected during or after adenomectomy, dictates the use of various tactical options. The literature data on this issue contain an analysis of a small number of observations and are evaluated very inconsistently.
Doctor's Herald -
In modern operational urology the pharmacological methods of hemostasis of operational wounds based on processing by local haemo statics since other traditional methods, in particular, bandaging of vessel in wound or electrocoagulation possess a number of adverse side effects gain ground. Many pharmacological methods of hemostasis (processing by hydrogen peroxide, alcohol, etc.) possess negative impact on wound surface, up to nekrotization of the last. Use for hemostasis of operational wounds in urology of infusion and tincture of the lagokhilus intoxicating allows to reach hemostasis without possible complications. -
Ways of improvement of diagnosis and treatment of infertility of the urological origin at menIn the last decades decrease of the activity of spermatogenesis at men in the different countries is noted. Reproductive health of the man often remains out of sight of doctors and organizers of health care. The role of man's factor in sterile marriage makes not less than 40%. About 15% of married couples around the world have problems with natural approach of pregnancy. Important role is played by determination of features of pathogeny of man's infertility of urological origin and its interrelation with the contributing diseases (to the varikotsela, diseases of testicles - hypoplasia and aplasia, stricture of prostatic part of urethra, state after prostate operations).
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165 patients with urethra stricture were inspected. Patients have been divided into two groups. The first group has included 117 patients to whom operations of violent tunnelization and bougieurage have been made (on contemporary records). The second group was made by 48 patients to whom surgical correction of strictures of urethra across Kholtsov in the modified look is made (sewing up of anastomosis 2 semi-circular seams by means of monokril with increase in the anastomotic camera) and comparison with results of data of efficiency of treatment of patients of 1 group is carried out. The obtained data allow to consider that the offered technique of treatment has much more smaller percent of complications. Besides, criteria on carrying out endoscopic ways of treatment of strictures of urethra were developed. -
Clinical and laboratory characteristic of manifestation of the nephrotic Syndrome at children according to the specialized nephrological departmentThe study included retrospective analysis of medical records of 68 patients aged 1 to 16 years (30 girls and 38 boys) hospitalized in the Nephrology Department of the regional children's multi-profile medical center (NDRChMPMC) with nephrotic syndrome. . The analysis of age features of debut of the nephrotic syndrome (NS) at children is carried out. The most frequent diagnosing of nephrotic syndrome at boys at the age of 2-5 years; identification of "pure" NS more often in children 1 - 3; 7 - 11 years and combination of NS with erythrocyteuria- patients till 1 year and under 11 years old.
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Comparison of results between shockwave lithotripsy and ureterolithotripsy for upper ureteral stones in childrenWe performed comparison between ureteroscopy (URS) and shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) for upper ureteral stones small 20 mm. Children (from 10 to 16 years) with a single radiopaque upper ureteral stone undergoing treatment between January 2011 and dcccmbcr 2013 were included. Was divided into two groups - group A: SWL performed as an outpatient procedure; group B: URS performed using an ureteroscope with intracorporeal lithotripsy. There were 90 patients enrolled in each group. Mean stone size: 12,3±1,2 mm in group A and 12,5±1,1 mm in group В (P=0,52). The overall 3-month stone-free rate was 82,2% for group A and 86,6% for group В (P=0,34). For stone size small 10 mm, stone-free rates were 84,9% for group A - 87,7% for group В (P=0,32). For 10 to 20 mm stones, stone-free rates were78,4% for group Л and - 85,4% for group В (P=0,12). The re-treatment rate was significantly greater in group A than group В (61,1% and 1,1% respectively; P<0,0() 1 ). The complication rate was 6,6% in group A and 11,1% in group В (P=0,21). Both SWL and IRS are safe and highly efficacious for treating children with proximal ureteral stones. For small stones 10 mm, SWL was safer, less invasive, and of comparable efficacy with URS. For stones between 10 and 20 mm, however, URS was more effective, with a lesser re-treatment rate.
Doctor's Herald -
The basic principle of evidence-based medicine requires that in any infectious disease, topical diagnosis should be in the first place. However, due to the fact that a number of diseases are characterized by a variety of clinical manifestations, many forms of course (including mild or abortive), it is not always possible to identify the affected area. In addition, in many infectious diseases, other organs and systems are often involved in the process. This explains the fact that it is necessary to make more generalizing diagnoses. For example, the diagnosis of "urinary tract infection" would be more correct to consider as temporary, which in the course of diagnostic measures is transformed into a specific nosological form. Nevertheless, the diagnosis of "urinary tract infection" was included in the "International Classification of Diseases" (ICD-10, Geneva, 1995) as an independent nosological form. In children, this disease occurs quite often and ranks second after respiratory tract infections. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is more common in girls than in boys. The incidence rate increases with age in both, but boys have one early peak of morbidity — in the newborn period, and girls have two peaks: at the age of 3 to 6 years and at the beginning of sexual life. -
Staghorn nephrolithiasis refers to the most complex form of urolithiasis, especially in cases of giant stones forming. Currently, various types of surgical interventions have been developed, which find both their supporters and opponents. The results of treatment are predetermined by clear formulation of indications and contraindications to each of the methods. The analysis of clinical picture, methods of diagnostics and treatment in 45 patients with staghorn nephrolithiasis has been carried out. Radical improvement and recovery was noted only after surgical treatment (pyelolithotomy, pyelonephrolithotomy, nephrolithotomy), with drainage of the kidneys and urinary tracts, if necessary. -
Features of the functional state of kidneys of newborn births in the breech presentation48 children who were bom in breech and head presentation are investigated revealed that risk factors at mothers of the given rise children in pelvic presentation are: early age, algodismenoriya and pathology of reproductive system. At pelvic presentation disorder of functional ability of kidneys that is connected with an ischemic nephropathy and with frustration of organ haemodynamics at pelvic presentation of a child is revealed.
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The effect of treatment of diabetic nephropathy by “vessel due f”(sulodexide) on the risk of intraocular hemorrhages in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathyDiabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy as diabetes melhtus late complications are the main causes of disability and mortality in this category of patients. There is an evident pathogenic relationship between diabetic affection of the retiana and kidneys. Moreover, some methods of therapy targeting to normalization of renal function, may influence diabetic retinopathy course. The study is dealing with investigation of effect of standart treatment of diabetic nephropathy with “Vessel Due F” (sulodexide) to the risk of intraocular (pre-retinal and vitreal) hemorrhages in patients with proliferative retinopatia.
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Comparison analyses of laparoscopic and open pyeloplasty in patients with uretero-pelvic junction obstructionComparison of results of laparoscopic (LP) and open(OP) pyeloplasties. We compare retrospectively 35 patients who undergone LP with 50 OP in period from 2010 till 2015y. In comparative analysis of LP and OP we conclude that: mean operative time for LP and OP was 163 min versus 103 (P<0.01), blood loss 31ml versus 132 ml (P<0.01), dosage of used analgesics (diclofenac) after procedure 75mg versus 300 mg (P<0.01), average length of incision 1.6 CM versus 17CM (P<0.01), shortening of hospital stay days 3 versus 8 days (P<0.01), early returning to normal feed state 22 hours versus 30 hours (P<0.01). Intraoperative complications in LP group has been 5.7 % (two patients has been needed for PCN in early postoperative days because of excessive urine leakage from paranephral drain tube) and 6% for OP (3 patients had high temperature which need additional drug requirement).17 patients (34%) in open group had pain in lumbar area “scar pain” after 6th month of operation. In that time only 4(11.4%) of patients from LP had such kind of pain. High effectiveness and low degree of pain in post operative wound makes LP more attractive in treatment of uretero-pelvic junction obstruction
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Modern approaches to treatment of chronic renal arterial ypertensionObjective: to estimate the comparative aspect of the influence of amlodipine and Nebilet for remodeling heart patients with CKD stage III with moderate nephrogenic hypertension. Materials and methods: The study included 40 patients with renal arterial hypertension, which developed due to chronic kidney disease. Results: The study found patients with CKD stage III with moderate nephrogenic hypertension has a violation of intracardiac hemodynamics. Conclusions: These data show an improvement of intracardiac hemodynamics in all patients after 3-month therapy with amlodipine and nebilet.
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Influence of anaemia on biochemical indexes at chronic illness of buds for childrenTo evaluate the effect of anemia on the course of chronic kidney disease in children, identifying the re-lationship between the level of hemoglobin, endocrine and renal excretory function. All the children are di-vided into two groups according to the level of hemoglobin at the time of admission: group 1 - the children with hemoglobin <110 g / L, 2 group - children with hemoglobin levels £ 110 g / l. All children common blood and urine tests were conducted, as well as fecal helminth eggs. In order to identify the impact of ane-mia on the anemia rate of progression, we selected a group of 65 people, who for the time of our study GFR was determined by 2-fold or more. Of these, 27 children at least once recorded anemia, and the remaining 38 children hemoglobin level corresponds to the age norm. Renal anemia is more common in children with a current active pathological process in the kidneys, leading to deformation chashechno- pelvis system, re-vealed the results of excretory urography. Renal anemia is associated mostly with clinical and laboratory changes typical of CKD and reduce its dependence on renal excretory function appears only in the later stag-es of the disease
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Study of portional kidney function in yound children with nephropathy exchange genesos121 children with pneumonia on dismetabolic nephroparthy background were investigated, and 20 children with pneumonia without urinary syndrome. It were performed following methods of kidney partial functions investigation of: glomerulus filtration, ammonia, acidity, osmotic quality of urine, daily metabo-lites screening (oxalates, urates, urine acid). In patients with pneumonia on dismetabolic nephroparthy back-ground were revealed significant alterations of kidney partial functions, structural and functional condition of erythrocytes membrane, increasing of peroxides lipid oxidation processes. For the purpose of correction children with pneumonia and renal pathology it was prescribed following treatment
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Functional status of kidney and upper urinary tract in congenital obstructive uropathy in childrenComparative evaluation of the results of a comprehensive survey of children with congenital obstruc-tive uropathy revealed that children with congenital hydronephrosis, obstructive and reflux megaureter I de-gree obstruction of the functional state of the kidneys do not suffer. At the II degree obstruction of the func-tional state of the renal parenchyma is not deteriorating significantly, this is confirmed by the lack of trust differences dopplerographic (the IR), rentganplanimetry (RKI and PI) indices with normative data. When III degree of obstruction there is a violation of kidney function on the affected side, this translates into a signifi-cant reduction of the renal parenchym and the increase in rates on US IR, lower PI values at the excretory urograms.
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Urine acid (purine) diathesis - a real risk factor for kidney disease in children: current conditions in the thermal loadTo study the genetic and clinical-laboratory features of nephropathy in children with urine acid (purine) diathesis. Materials and methods: Analyzed 60 patients with nephropathy in the background of urine acid diathesis aged 1-14 years. Boys were 26 (43.3%), girls - 34 (56.7%). Results. Conducted our analysis of the development of kidney disease in 60 children with nephropathy in the background of hyperuricemia and hyperuricosuria showed all patients identified in primary care to this survey were under the common diagnosis of glomerulonephritis (26.3%), pyelonephritis (64%) or infections urinary tract (9.7%) and were treated according to the established diagnosis i.c. improper. Conclusion.!.Uricosuric (urate) is a nephropathy in pediatric practice frequent, but rarely diagnosed disease with clinical, genealogical and biochemical markers. 2. Lukewarm and hyperinsolation in the summer are a real risk factor for uricosuric nephropathy in children with uric acid diathesis. 3. Timely detection of hyperuricemia in till manifest period gives a real chance for the appointment of a comprehensive diet - drug correction of its level and the primary prevention of urate nephropathy.
Doctor's Herald -
The possibilities of ultrasound diagnostics of varicose veins of the spermatic cord for infertility in menThe problem of male infertility is one of the major social and health problems. Among many andrologieal causes of male infertility the most widespread disease and the most common cause of infertility in men is the varicose veins of the spermatic cord. The value of a variety of mechanisms, started because of the varicocele, and the impact of varicocelectomy on fertility prognosis in these patients remains open. The article is devoted to the early identification and study of the influence of varicocele and associated disorders for the male fertility.
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Foumier gangrene (Fournier's disease, necrotizing fasciitis, spontaneous gangrene of the scrotum, and others.) - acute necrotizing infection of the subcutaneous fatty tissue of external genitals and perianal area in men; much less affects the genitals of women. The authors note the importance of a comprehensive approach to the treatment of Fournier's gangrene, which includes antibacterial, detoxifying treatment, correction of disorders of homeostasis, metabolic activity of organs and systems. Surgical treatment should be carried out without delay, in compliance with the principles of "agressive surgery", it should be possibly radical, with excision of subcutaneous fat, drainage of fascial spaces.
