No. 1 (93) (2017) Problems of biology and medicine

Статьи

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  Modern aspects of diagnosis and pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common and severe surgical diseases [27]. In the last decade, there has been a steady increase in the frequency of OP in the structure of surgical diseases of the abdominal organs. At the beginning of the 20th century, OP was described as a casuistry, but at present, in terms of the incidence of diseases of the abdominal organs, it is second only to acute appendicitis and acute cholecystitis [11]. Even 25 years ago, OP was 0.5-1.0% of all surgical diseases of the abdominal organs. At present, its frequency has increased by 10-15 times and, according to various authors, ranges from 4.7% to 15.6% [1]. It should be noted that in developed countries this figure exceeds 10%, while in developing countries this figure ranges from 5-8%. This is due to two reasons: an increase in the absolute number of patients and an improvement in the diagnosis of the disease [12, 31].

  O Teshaev, X Xolov, F Bobosharipov, Z Amonullayeva, X Ernazarov, N Baratov

  202-206

  164   18

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  New approaches to the classification of anorectal malformations in children Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are one of the most common pathologies among congenital anomalies [10]. According to various authors, the incidence of this pathology ranges from 1:2000 to 1:9000 newborns [6,11,12].

  A Shamsiev, J Shamsiev, M Saidov, R Aipov, D Atakulov

  207-209

  182   24

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  Modern aspects of diagnostics and treatment of acute hematogenic osteomielitis in the bone of the tanged joint in children The problem of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) in children in practical healthcare remains relevant to this day, due to the high incidence rate, severity of the course, difficulties in early diagnosis, persistent high mortality, frequent transition of the disease into a chronic form with subsequent disability of children [2, 6, 20, 22].

  J Shamsiev, A Shamsiev, Z Mahmudov, M Burgutov

  210-214

  169   26

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  Prediabetes Epidemiology. Today, more than 230 million people worldwide have diabetes, which is about 6% of the adult population. Diabetes mellitus in Uzbekistan over the past 35 years the number of registered patients increased by 4 times. However, these data do not reflect the prevalence of diabetes in Uzbekistan. Epidemiological surveys were carried out in 3 cities of Uzbekistan showed that the prevalence of diabetes was 10 times higher than in registered patients. Over the past 35 years, 50% of diabetic patients are aged 40-59 years. He has diabetes the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and stroke among patients by 2-3 times, the risk of vision loss by 10 times, the risk of developing nephropathy by 12-15 times,the development of gangrene of the foot is 20 times higher. Complications of various macro- and microvascular lesions are observed in 50% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The pre-diabetic state is characterized as a stage of changes in carbohydrate metabolism, leading to clinical manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This classification is purposefully a disease of the near future included to emphasize the high risk of development. At this stage of a person's carbohydrate metabolism, the disease either stops or diabetes mellitus develops can prevent dangerous complications. Type 2 diabetes develops in 15-30% of individuals who do not make lifestyle and nutritional changes in the pre-diabetic state. In Russia, according to the Nation Survey, 19.3% of the population, i.e. 20.7 million people suffer from this disease. Most of them are aged 45-54 and women (11.4 million).

  Sh Khusinov, M Ablakulova

  215-217

  175   33

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  Rheumatoid arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the development of symmetrical arthritis of peripheral joints, leading to progressive destruction of articular structures, as well as systemic damage to internal organs. ICD-10: M05-06. Epidemiology. The prevalence of the disease is about 1%. Women get RA 3 times more often. Most often, people aged 35-45 get sick.

  N Mamasaliev, Z Mamasaliev, U Suvonkulov, M Kachkovsky

  218-220

  155   22

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  Predicting the likelihood of myocarditis in patients with acute pneumonia Due to the developed criteria to determine the likelihood of myocarditis in infants with pneumonia, made possible the formation of high-risk groups for adverse outcome of pneumonia. This will increase the likelihood of the development of myocarditis in children and the effectiveness of the therapy, to reduce the incidence of morbidity of acute pneumonia and significantly reduce the number of complications, and thus mortality rate

  N Israilova

  69-71

  91   25

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  Features of cerebral hemodynamics in patients with epilepsy in gerontological practice In elderly patients with frequent epileptic seizures compared with older patients with infrequent epileptic seizures marked increase in performance linear systolic blood flow velocity in the study of cerebral veins and the development of compensatory mechanisms of venous outflow, indicating the presence of venous circulatory distress, manifested in violation of the venous outflow from the cranial cavity and is celebrated mainly in the later stages of cerebrovascular pathology

  N Abdullayeva

  15-19

  82   19

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  Polymorphism of the dopamin receptor d 2 gene in fibrosy-cystic mastopathy in fertile age wives Genotyping of 120 women of childbearing age of Uzbek nationality, who consulted in the endocrinology department and consultative clinic of the clinic №3 Tashkent Medical Academy and in the city diagnostic cen-ter. In fibro-cystic changes in women with hyperprolactemia, the heterozygous type of polymorphism C3420T of the DRD2 gene with a mutation of the TT genotype predominates. In 75% of women there is a decrease in thyroid function.

  N Adkhamova, D Nazhmutdinova

  20-22

  106   25

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  Structure of neuropsychological impairment in patients with idiopathic and symptomatic epilepsy The structure of cognitive disorders in patients with symptomatic epilepsy and idiopathic epilepsy. On the basis of the neurophysiological parameters of cognitive evoked potentials set specific disorders of higher cerebral functions in epilepsy, there were significant changes in latency and amplitude of P300, depending on the form of the disease. In the analysis of the relationship of indicators of psychometric tests and neurophysio-logical changes are revealed in all blocks of the implementation of cognitive function, more pronounced in symptomatic epilepsy.

  R Azizova

  485   33

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  Assessment of providing qualitative gerontological services capacity from the medical and social care heads poin of view Sociological study conducted using survey. The sample consists of the territorial departments of health heads, their deputies, heads of regional health centers and primary health care. For the data collection, a ques-tionnaire has been developed and used, which consists of 21 questions designed to assess the need and oppor-tunity for providing geriatric services (availability of facilities, human resources, diagnosis and treatment standards). Questionnaire filled out by respondents anonymously. The results of the survey showed that the ca-pacity of health institutions to provide effective gerontological care is limited, currently provided health and social care quality for the elderly is low and does not meet their needs and requirements.

  D Aniyozova

  27-29

  118   30

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  Improvement of results of furnye gangrene complex treatment with co 2 laser and photodynamic therapy using The use of CO 2 laser has allowed for the possibility of early and bloodless nekroektomy, improve wound repair, and reduces microbial contamination of purulent wounds. Method has photo coagulating and sterilizing properties effects on the tissue. Photodynamic therapy is a very effective non-invasive and gentle treatment of purulent wounds and serve as justification for the use of the method of photodynamic therapy in clinical prac-tice for the treatment of acute local inflammatory processes combined with CO 2 laser and traditional treat-ments.

  A Ataliev, A Murodov, V Shatemirov, X Kholov, X Ernazarov, N Malikov, F Bobosharipov, K Atabaev

  30-32

  166   30

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  Indicators echocardiography witch small heart anomalies in children Echocardiography results were analyzed 52 children and adolescents ages 3 to 15 years who were iden-tified by different localization and combinations of small anomalies of the heart, which are dominated by small abnormalities of the left ventricle and mitral valve. It found that clinically and functionally significant abnor-malities in children shew multiple abnormally located cords in the left ventricle in combination with cardiac arrhythmia, prolapses of the heart valves with modified wings and hemodynamically significant valve regurgi-tation.

  F Achilov, A Zhalilov

  33-35

  219   34

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  Studying typoligical features of sportsmen of different specializations Properties of temperament of sportgirls. In this research took part 50 sportgirls on a calisthenics and 50.Тhe study was conducted based on a questionnaire of Eysenk. Testing method involves the identification of types of higher nervous activity: introversion - extraversion; neuroticism

  S Baratov, Z Mavlyanova, O Kim

  36-37

  170   27

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  Comparative analysis of conditions of formation of persistent remissions in patients with opioid and cannabinoid dependence according prolonged catamnesis A comparative study of factors affecting the formation of stable remission in patients suffering from opioid and cannabinoid dependence. Studies have shown that certain differences in the characteristics of patients with opioid and cannabinoid dependence, cease taking of psychoactive substances

  F Bakhramov, L Tursunkhojaeva

  38-40

  64   22

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  Evaluation of results reconstructive surgery on the arteries infrainguinal zone in the immediate postoperative period Operated on for chronic obliterating diseases of arteries in infrainguinal zone of 147 patients divided into 2 groups: op- erated by the method of reversed autovein (n=79) and operated by the method of using autovein in situ(n=68). In the imme-diate postoperative period thrombosis of grafts was 9.2% in group 1, 7.6% in the 2nd group. Each group performed one amputation at the hip level. Deaths cases are absent. Thus, during the femoro-distal bypasses by autovein excellent results are achieved with a method in situ, and in reversed autovein

  F Bakhritdinov, U Rasulov, B Karshiev

  41-44

  88   18

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  Lifestyle preschool children are brought up in educational institutions of general and health types of tashkent city The method of questionnaire in 1175 households studied social and hygienic factors that are typical for parents and children - pupils of pre-school educational institutions and the general type of tuberculosis sanato-rium profile. Statistically reliably established that the increase in the risk of developing chronic diseases tub-contacts child consistently influenced by factors such as consumption of tobacco and alcohol by parents, the duration of feeding children breast milk (up to 9 months), consanguineous marriages between parents living child in a single-parent family, the duration of television viewing (2 or more hours a day) and play on the com-puter (more than 30 minutes a day), the social position of the father (temporarily or permanently unemployed), long walks in the fresh air (up to 1 hour per day) and the education of the child in beshik (over 2 years), the presence of professional production hazards parents (the temperature factor and contact with animals), living in a large (4 or more children) and large (7 or more people) family

  L Basharova, X Naimova

  45-50

  83   22

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  Prognostic evaluation of the risk of chronic pathologies among tubcontacts of children in educational institutions sanatorium The method of questionnaire survey of parents to study the characteristics of regime moments and conditions of education in 1175 of children in preschool tuberculosis sanatorium profile - the main group ( 220 children) and in preschool general types - the control group (955 children). Number of children in the study group with the breastfeeding duration of 12 months or more was 1,8 times less than in the control group; the number of children in the main group 1,1 times more educated in beshik, and those children with the period of stay from 1,5 to 2 years were 1,3 times more. On average, 60% of children received the information about the elements of a healthy lifestyle in the family, 32% - in the preschool education and 8,5% - as a result of watching television, using the Internet and children's publications. Almost 70% of the duration of outdoor exercise, diurnal sleep, watch TV and play on the computer of preschool chil- dren exceded hygienic standards. The increase in the risk of chronic disease in children tubcontacts consistently influenced by factors such as the duration of the games on your computer, feeding children breast milk, watching TV, outdoor activities and education of the child in beshik

  L Basharova, S Umirova

  51-56

  228   21

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  Efficiency of autoplazmochimiotherapy with locally advanced cancer of the mucosa of the mouth floor and tongue The article presents an evaluation of the effectiveness of intra-regional and intra-operative autoplazmohimioterapii, as a component of comprehensive cancer treatment antineoplastic the bottom of the mouth and tongue. The findings suggest that a sufficiently high efficiency, safe toxic profile and the positive dynamics of immunoregulatory proteins in intra-regional and intra-operative autoplazmohimioterapii as a component of an integrated antineoplastic treatment in patients with cancer of the mouth floor and tongue

  A Ganiev, M Khalmatova

  57-59

  84   24

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  Analysis of options preoperative preperation and anesthesia in the treatment of thyroid diseases The results of surgical treatment, preoperative preparation and anesthesia of 72 patients operated on goiter are presented in the article. A new approach to stress-protective preoperative therapy is suggested. The efficacy of anesthesia with of ketamine and advantages of this approach in comparison with standard general anesthesia are shown.

  S Zhoniev, A Rakhimov, A Babazhanov

  60-64

  119   29

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  The results of the application of compressesive-distractive osteosynthesis at refract tibia diaphysis There results of osteosynthesis of tibia by Ilizarov in 540 patients are mentioned in the article. Patients were examined by dividing them into 2 groups. In 486 patients who were in the first group, it was tried to insert broken bones were at once, they were attached to the Ilizarov installation consisting of 4 rings. The part of bones that was impossible to insert at once, were inserteded gradually with the help of the installation. In 80% of patients the bones grew together in time. In 20% there was a slow fusion not fusion and false joints. In 54 patients who were in the second group, the bones were inserted at the same time with the help of IIT, and are attached to the installation of the Ilizarov. In all Patients who were in the second group but one (he had con- comitant diseases, obesity -III degree, diabetes) bones have grown together during. The reason of the fact that the bones were inserted at the same time and were strongly attached to the seam.

  S Ibragimov, X Samatov, R Mirzaev

  65-68

  114   23

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  The role of functional studies of cardiorespiratory system with funnel chest deformity The article presents its own material 66 observations of patients with funnel-like deformation of the chest. It is shown that multispiral computed tomography is the most informative method in determining the shape, severity of curvature and the degree of cardiorespiratory disorders, and also determining the choice of therapeutic tactics. Starting in 2013, patients with this congenital pathology were operated using the method of minimally invasive thoracoplasty according to D. Nuss. It is noted that the application of this method of correc-tion of funnel-shaped deformation of the chest is a method of choice and gives good functional and cosmetic results.

  A Shamsiev, J Shamsiev, Yu Turaev, A Mutalibov, M Burgutov

  9-14

  160   60

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  Diagnostics of the premature break of the frozen surgery of pregnancy The study is based on a clinical and laboratory examination of 82 pregnant women with premature rup-ture of membranes at different gestational times, which were monitored and entered the obstetric ward of the maternity hospital. The slight leakage of amniotic fluid does not reduce the risk of complications, but, on the contrary, increases the danger. This is due to the fact that from the moment of violation of the integrity of the membranes before detection of this complication, a long period may elapse. It is known that the informativeness of the nitrazine test and fern phenomenon decreases as time increases from the moment of rupture of the membranes. In cases of prolonged premature rupture of membranes, these tests give no more information than a routine obstetric study.

  Sh Kasimova

  72-74

  93   17

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  Rationale for treatment of patients with echinococcosis, taking into account the functional state of the hepatobiliary system The main biochemical indicts of hepatic functions the aktivifres of alanine aminotransferase aspartate aminotransferase. Concentration of bilirubin, were studied in the sera of 72 patients with liver echinococcosis. There were detected the cytolycitic syndrome in 15, 25%, mesenchymal – inflammatory syndrome in 41,2% and cholestasis in 25,3% cases of disease. Test results medicated that ursodeoxycholic acid had hepatoprotective effect. It shoold be used in combine usage with albendazole to correct the liver function, which disturbed by action of Echinococcosis ghanulosis and albendazole

  L Kachugina, D Saidakhmedova, N Yarmukhamedova

  75-77

  86   21

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  State over segmental and segmental sympathetic centers of autonomic regulation in parkinson's disease On the basis of comprehensive clinical and instrumental diagnostics of autonomic disorders by studying the skin caused by autonomic potentials revealed a syndrome of progressive autonomic failure. It proved a sig-nificant increase in the latent period and reduced amplitudes in Parkinson's disease, indicating a lesion of segmental and suprasegmental vegetative structures gemetype

  Yo Majidova, S Fahargaliyeva

  78-79

  91   22

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  First experience of unilateral spinal anesthesia in patients of senior and senior age at operations in the bottom section of the abdominal cave A comparative clinical evaluation of two types of neuraxial blockade: symmetrical unilateral spinal anesthesia and spinal anesthesia during operations on the ground floor of the abdominal cavity in elder-ly patients. After obtaining informed consent were included 30 patients (17 men and 13zhenschin), which are divided into two groups of 15 people, depending on the variant carried out neuraxial blockade. Comparative evaluation of clinical neuraxial blockade was carried out on the basis of the definition of motor and sensory block. Unilateral spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine is an effective method of anesthesia-sided sur-gical interventions on the ground floor of the abdominal cavity and adequate postoperative analgesia positive

  M Matlubov, E Khamdamova, V Atamuradov, B Akramov

  80-83

  115   31

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