No. 2.1 (101) (2018) Problems of biology and medicine

Статьи

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  Ray visualization of breast pathology in women depending on thyroid status Analyzed the results of X-ray sonography of 200 women with mammary gland pathologies. In women with mammary gland pathologies, thyroid hypothyroidism was noted in a somewhat prevalent percentage of observations, confirmed by radiometry and laboratory data. When ypothyroidism is determined by an in-crease in the number of observations of fibroaden and diffuse fibrotic mastopathies, characterized by pro-nounced fibrosis processes and a violation of regression of the glandular tissue. The reverse situation is ob-served in the occurrence of mammary gland cysts and normal tissue structure, the number of such observations in patients with hypothyroidism was significantly less than in patients without hypothyroidism. In women with hypothyroidism and without hypothyroidism, almost the same number of cases of breast cancer

  G Mardiev, F Chodiev, L Shukurova

  45-50

  116   25

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  Congenital clefts of upper lip and palate Congenital cleft lip and/or palate (CCLP) are severe human malformations and are accompanied by complex anatomical and functional disorders of the body (Fig. 1) [2, 4, 6]. Statistics indicate that the prevalence of congenital cleft lip and palate ranges from 1:1000 to 5.38:1000 [5]. In our Republic, the birth rate of children with congenital cleft lip and palate remains at a high level: 1 case per 745 newborns [3].

  R Shamsiev

  190-192

  112   25

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  Syndromal and nazological structure of pains in children’s back The causes of back pain in children differ from adults, little studied. The purpose of the surveys was to study the structure of back pain in children using КT and MRТ techniques. Congenital anomalies of the spine, scoliosis, juvenile osteochondrosis, sacroiliata, etc. were found. According to the result, there is a correlation between the patient's age and the presence of concomitant pathology in the form of juvenile osteochondrosis of the spine

  Х Ochilova, A Jurabekova, Sh Isanova, F Usmonova

  90-94

  268   28

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  Intellectual development of children with progressive muscular dystrophies of duchenne becker This article provides data on the evaluation of the intellectual development of children with progressive muscular dystrophy Duchenne / Beccre. It is established that 43% of children have intellectual insufficiency. The lower level of non-verbal intelligence, reduced ability for visual analysis and synthesis, intellectual exhaus- tion, low level of arbitrary control, difficulty in distributing attention and general infantilism in children with progressive muscular dystrophy of Duchesne came to the fore in the study. While in children with Becker's pro- gressive muscular dystrophy, intelligence corresponded to the age norm.

  U Omonova

  85-89

  311   40

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  Clinical-neurological examination and the results of neuroimaging of children with the consequences of craniocerebral trauma MRT date are presented for the study of children with craniocerebral trauma, in the initial and long-term period, depending on the clinical picture, paresis (hemiparesis, tetraparesis and so on). The obtained results of both diffuse and focal posttraumatic disorders in the central nervous system in patients with consequences of a moderate craniocerebral trauma

  Sh Normatova, A Jurabekova, M Umarova, F Khamedova

  82-84

  118   15

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  Clinical analysis of vertigo in patients with cochleovestibular disorders The article contains results of clinical analysis of different variant dizzinesses. The article presents mod- ern data concerning clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches in cases resulted from the most frequent causes of the central vertigo, peripheral vertigo and dizziness. Analysis of the results of clinical and psycholog- ical methods used revealed that along with diagnostic conversation for more complete data for dealing with diagnosis features psychosomatic health status of patients with dizziness, it is necessary to apply standardized psychometric scale and specialized vestibular questionnaires, in particular VRBQ

  M Nasretdinova, X Karabaev

  78-81

  133   22

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  The role of rehabilitation in life quality improvement for oncogynecologic patients of reproductive age after surgical treatment Clinical efficacy of a complex of rehabilitation measures in patients with cervical cancer of reproductive age after operative treatment was evaluated. The study included 83 patients with cervical cancer Ia - IIa at the reproductive age. Restorative treatment included psychotherapy, phytotherapy, physical therapy. After the re- habilitation activities, the patients of the main group had a statistically significant decrease in the level of neu- rovegetative disorders, the level of anxiety, as well as an increase in the level of emotional and social function- ing, which is reflected in the increase in the coefficient of "labor rehabilitation"

  F Nabieva, Х Abdullaev

  76-77

  131   24

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  Сontrol of hemodynamics in elderly patients with hypertensive disease in ophthalmic surgery The examination was conducted to evaluate the results of monitoring hemodynamic parameters in elderly patients with concomitant hypertensive disease (GD) when extracting cataracts. The examination included 45 patients aged from 60 to 75 years. All patients suffered concomitant GB of stages I, II, III with arterial hy-pertension I, II, III degree, 10 patients have concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM 2 type), 2 have obesity. The work described in detail the preoperative preparation of patients with concomitant GD, as well as, succes-sive hemodynamic monitoring. The results of the examination make affirm that adequate hypotensive therapy in combination with drugs that reduce psychical and emotional stress in the preoperative period, exclusion of vis-ual contact, psychoemotional stress through sedation and NLA in waiting`s rooms allows to achieve stabiliza-tion of the clinical condition of patients, which is clearly correlated with improvement of hemodynamic param-eters

  N Mukhamedieva, M Matlubov

  72-75

  172   33

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  Syndrome of endogenous intoxication in children and its influence on the clinical currency of chronic rinosinusiti on the background of the chronic bronchitis The development is due to the use of large doses of antibiotics, as this causes the death of a large number of pathogens and abundant entry into the blood of endotoxins, in which the severe condition of the body is ag- gravated by a sharp violation of hemodynamics, circulation and perfusion of tissues. In the pathogenesis of shock, the leading place is occupied by the violation of micro- and macrocirculation

  T Muzaffarov

  69-71

  80   17

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  Modern approaches to the treatmen of inguinal hernias The article summarizes and studies the results of surgical treatment of 396 patients with inguinal herni-as. Patients with oblique inguinal hernia was 194 people, direct inguinal hernia 174 patients and 36 patients with recurrent form of inguinal hernia (Nyhus L.) applied different methodically. Autoplasty was performed in 90 patients with direct hernias (L. Nyhus III a, b type), in 110 patients of this group the operation of Liechten-stein was performed in the classic version of 36 patients with recurrent inguinal hernias. The study of the re-sults of hernia repair in the near and distant postoperative view that the most effective method of herniation was a modified method of allogernioplasty according to Liechtenstein. In particular, when using the above method, "good" results were obtained in 93.4% of cases, "unsatisfactory" in 1.7% of cases, which indicates a higher efficiency than when using stretched hernioplasty methods

  I Mirkhodzhaev, S Komilov

  66-68

  95   23

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  Prognosis and therapy of Ewigs sarcoma It has been studied the results of 22 patients with localized form of Ewing’s sarcoma with confirmed di- agnosis morphologically. Comparative analysis revealed that survival rate without symptoms of the disease in patients received only radial therapy were lover (21%) than in cases where radial influence was supplemented by various types of chemotherapy (49%)/ Using of adjuvant chemotherapy with cyclophosphan increases two- year survival rate without symptoms of the disease till 41% with adriamycin or cormynomycin till 44% but combination of adriamycin- cyclophosphan and vyncristin till 56%. To study follow-up results of patients who received additional chemotherapy was determined some dependence prognosis with factors such as gender and age of patients localization of tumour

  I Minnullin, B Boykobolov, N Achilov, F Abdukhalikov, T Rezaev

  61-65

  83   29

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  Prognosis of specific spondylitis in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis The developed prognostic matrix for a comprehensive assessment of the risk of spondylitis development allows a quantitative assessment of the likelihood of spondylitis in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in var- ious combinations of risk factors.

  Z Mahmudov

  57-60

  121   26

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  Study of the immune system of children with laryngeal papillomatosis on the background of antiviral therapy A comparative analysis of the immunological parameters in the dynamics (before and after) of standard therapy and after standard + immunotropic therapy was performed in 252 children with papillomatosis of the larynx at the age of 3 to 9 years who were on the examination and treatment in the surgical department of oto-rhinolaryngology TMA. in the state of immune response in laryngeal papillomatosis, unidirectional changes, most pronounced in children with continuously recurrent form of laryngeal papillomatosis, were revealed. In the dynamics of therapy, there was an improvement in the cellular and humoral immunity, improvement in the clinical state of children, and a decrease in the frequency of relapses.

  Sh Maxamadaminova

  51-56

  104   20

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  Repeated operations in chronic recommending hematogenic osteomyelitis The results of surgical treatment of patients with chronic recurrent hematogenous osteomyelitis are ana-lyzed. The proposed method of surgical treatment of patients with chronic recurrent hematogenous osteomyeli-tis - longitudinal osteotomy, enlarged sequestralectomy with recanalization of the affected bone, provides the most radical sanation of the osteomyelitis and improves the results of treatment in this severe pathology

  A Shamsiev, S Zainiev

  1-5

  102   18

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  Analysis of qualitative and quantitative progressing of the demension in type 2 type One of the most frequently recorded manifestations of brain damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is cognitive impairment, the urgency of which is due to the progressive increase in prevalence of diabetes, an in-crease in life expectancy and increasing demands for effective intellectual activity. The mechanisms of devel-opment of cognitive impairment in diabetes mellitus remain unclear, which makes it difficult to find effective strategies for preventing dementia

  D Maksudova

  42-44

  86   20

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  Effect of sorbilact and l-arginin on the status of cardiovascular system in the complex infusion therapy of endogenous intoxication syndrome of purulent-septic geneze The effect of the combined use of sorbilact and L-arginine in the program of infusion therapy of the en-dogenous intoxication syndrome of purulent septic genesis on the state of the cardiovascular system was stud-ied.

  N Maksimchuk, V Konovchuk, О Vanchulyak

  38-41

  99   32

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  Features of etiology, clinical course of acute allergic conditions in children living in an ecologically unfavorable region of the city of Bukhara The frequency of treatment of acute allergic conditions in an ambulance, children living in an ecological- ly unfavorable region of the city of Bukhara during the periods of 2001-2005, had a tendency to increase by 1.2 times (2.9-3.4%), and boys with the indicated states suffered almost 1.3 times more often than girls. Acute al- lergic conditions clinically manifested in the form of severe and moderate severity of the course of food allergy - 39.3%, allergic dermatitis - 18.1%, drug allergy - 12.5%, bronchial asthma - 10.2%, pollen and dust allergy - 10.1% and insect allergy - 9.8%. In the formation and development of acute allergic conditions, in addition to causative factors, such risk factors as hereditary burden - 70.3%, allergic diathesis - 60.5%, artificial feeding - 55.3% were of significant importance.

  F Karimov, A Muminova

  34-37

  167   24

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  Prognostic role of c-reactive protein in relation to development and course of cardiovascular pathology in patients with arterial hypertension The results of the clinical study showed that in patients with arterial hypertension in blood plasma an in-crease in the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP), a secondary mediator of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, was revealed. A high risk of cardiovascular complications was revealed in the majority of patients with arterial hypertension

  L Kadomtseva

  32-33

  110   21

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  Indicators of lipid peroxidation and their significance in pathogenetic mechanism of anaemic cardiomiopathy To characterize the morphological and functional changes in the myocardium arising from the develop-ment of chronic iron-deficiency anemia the terms of «anemic heart» or anemic cardiomiopathy are used. For the purpose of the main pathogenetic mechanisms, in particular lipid peroxidation, 140 patients suffering from chronic anemia of varying degrees of severity and cardiomyopathy and 30 generally healthy individuals were studied. During the research it was identified that the main mechanisms stimulating the cascade of metabolic and morphofunctional changes in the heart of patient suffering from IDA are the indication of hemical hypoxia and activation of the processes of lipid peroxidation which lead to the decrease in antioxidant protection. In turn, the reduction of antioxidant protection leads to the intensification of production of pro-inflammatory cy- tokines which are involved in fibrillar collagen degradation and intensification of cardiomyocyte apoptosis, that causes cardiomiopathy

  O Ibadova, Z Kurbanova

  29-31

  144   29

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  Treatment of metastatic kidney cancer The aim of the study was a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of immunotherapy and targeted therapy after nephrectomy. With this aim, the study was conducted in 126 cancer patients with metastases of different localization. Of these, 62 (49.2%) patients had metachronous metastases on average 11 months after radical nephrectomy, and 64 (50.8%) had synchronous metastases to prevent possible complications was per-formed palliative nephrectomy Depending on the methods of treatment, patients were divided into 2 groups. 1 group n=82 nephrectomy + immunotherapy. 2 group n = 44 nephrectomy + targeted therapy. Comparative evaluation of the drug toler- ance, severity of side effects and the immediate effectiveness of the compared methods of treatment significant differences between the groups were not found (p< 0.05). The three-year survival rate was 18.4±2.3% and 24.3±2.2% respectively (p > 0.05)/ five-year survival rate was 0%. The results of the study showed that target-ed therapy has a significantly better three-year survival than immunotherapy

  A Zhuraev, M Zhuraev

  25-28

  81   21

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  Immunological aspects of vitamin «d» deficiency in pregnancy In this article the effect of a reduction and the lack of vitamin “D” to the pregnant woman's immune sys-tem have been leant learnt. Owing to the reduction of vitamin “D”, obvious changes will occur in the immune system of a pregnant woman During pregnancy. This condition can be seen when T- suppressor immunity de-creased. In other words, it makes natural killer cells active. As a result, they go though placentar barrier and it effects aggressively to the fetus. It leads to the deterioration of blood circulation, and it brings out improvement in patalogic conditions during pregnancy

  B Jumanov

  23-24

  106   27

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  Renal functional state in patients with chronic pyelonephritis under influence of the galvanization The indices of radioisotope renography with I 131 -hippuran were studied in 30 patients with chronic kid-ney disease I: pyelonephritis under influence of galvanic current. A prolongation of the period of maximal ac-cumulation of hippuran by the kidneys (p<0,001), the period of half-life washout of a tracer (p<0,01) and elim-ination of the preparation (p<0,001) have been revealed. Accumulation of hippuran in kidneys under the influ-ence of direct current was proved and possibility of galvanization usage to increase the efficacy of inflammato- ry kidney diseases treatment was demonstrated

  A Garazdyuk, I Garazdyuk, O Vanchulyak, M Garazdyuk

  20-22

  79   23

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  Perfection of technology of extracorporeal detoxification at the stages of surgical treatment of patients with mechanical jaundice The work was based on clinical studies of 72 patients with mechanical jaundice of benign genesis and with various malignant tumors of the hepatopancreatoduodenal zone operated in the surgical department of the 1 - city hospital in Samarkand for the period 2014-2017. In 64 patients, the cause of mechanical jaundice was cholelithiasis and stricture of bile ducts, liver echinococcosis. In 8 patients, mechanical jaundice was caused by pancreatic cancer, a large duodenal papilla, and hepatitis choledoch cancer. All patients underwent surgical interventions to eliminate MF and its complications

  A Babazhanov, U Khudoynazarov

  17-19

  94   26

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  Diagnostic value of cardiomarkers and tissue enzymes in cardiomiopathies in children Purpose: to study the diagnostic value of cardiomarkers and tissue enzymes in cardiomyopathy in chil-dren. 104 children aged 1 to 17 years with cardiomyopathies, hospitalized in cardio-rheumatological depart-ments of the RSSPMCP of Pediatrics in Tashkent and RDMMC in Nukus were examined. As a result of the studies, it was found that in children with cardiomyopathy, there is an increase in tissue enzymes LDH, CPK and MB fractions of CPK, which are associated with the degree of myocardial dysfunction and significantly higher in children with cardiomyopathy, depending on the region of residence and the form of the disease. These enzymes can be considered highly specific biochemical markers, and the increase in their activity - the criteria for the development of cardiomyopathies. In children with cardiomyopathies, there is a progressive increase in endothelin level as the prescription and progression of the disease increase, which can be regarded as a prognostic criterion for the flow of cardiomyopathies

  N Ahmedova, D Ahmedova, Z Khadzhiev, К Yakubova

  13-16

  167   29

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  Clinical and laboratory significance of lipid peroxidation and sistem of antioxidant defense of the organism of children with glomerulonefritis 69 children with acute (OGN) and 59 with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) hospitalized in the nephro-logic department were examined. Blood and urine for analysis in patients are taken during the period of activi-ty of OGN and exacerbation of CGN, for the first time the days of admission to the hospital. Patients with OGN and CGN showed distinct seasonal fluctuations in LPO activity (p <0.001), a significant increase in the phos- pholipase activity of urine and blood compared to the control indices (p <0.001), a significant increase in the cytotoxic lipid lipophosphatidylcholine fraction (LFX) (p <0.001), a decrease in the level of phosphatidylcho-line (PX) (p <0.001), a reduction in mechanical resistance (p <0.001) and erythrocyte deformability (p <0.001). In the examined patients, the level of α-tocopherol (p <0.001) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p <0.001), catalase and peroxidase in the blood (p <0.001) was decreased, while the activity of antiox-idant and antiperoxide enzymes in urine increased (p < 0.001). It has been established that in patients with acute respiratory depression and CGN in aggravation, the activity of lipid peroxidation is increased, the eryth-rocyte FLase activity of erythrocytes and A2 FLase decreases, the level of SOD of erythrocytes decreases, cata-lase and peroxidase activity of the blood, as well as the percentage of LFH in erythrocyte membranes, the me-chanical resistance and deformability decrease red blood cells

  A Akhmatov, YU Akhmatova, B Yuldashev, M Aralov, A Ergashev, F Abdurasulov, YU Rakhmonov

  9-12

  107   26

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