All articles - Surgery
Number of articles: 716
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In this work there are presented aspects of the postnatal ultrasound diagnosis of the congenital intestinal obstruction in 90 children. On the basis of the literature data and our observations the characteristic echoscopic signs were defined for high, lower intestinal obstruction and in intestinal malrotations in children. There are presented normal dopplcrometric parameters of the blood flow in the superior mesenteric artery in children of the different age groups. -
Change of form of erythrocytes of peripheral blood in patients with obesity аfter laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomyUsing the express method of the «Thick drop», we studied the ratio of normal erythrocytes - discocytes and their pathological forms: stomatocytcs, cchinocytes, erythrocytes with a crest and others in patients with obesity before and at various times after bariatric surgery - laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. It has been shown that in patients with obesity, the ratio of the red blood cells to the discocytes/pathological forms does not differ from that observed in people with normal weight. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy leads to significant changes in this ratio in the direction of increasing pathological forms of erythrocytes, which is especially pronounced 3 months after surgery.
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Assessment of the treatment efficiency of the distributed appendicular peritonitis in childrenAim of investigation: the analysis of the use of the most commonly used prognostic scales in emergency surgery in patients in two comparison groups on the background of distributed appendicular peritonitis (DAP). Materials and methods: analysis and comparison of the validity of prognostic scales (SOFA, APACHE II, SAPS, MODS, PRISM) was conducted on data from 166 patients. Results: in the main group of patients, the undertaken prcopcrative preparation tactics allows to stabilize the general condition of the patients already on the first day after the operation. At the same time, mortality in the main group varied in the range of 1,8-2,9% (APACHE II - SOFA), and in the comparison group 12,5%-16,7% (APACHE II, MODS - SOFA). Conclusions: the study of the dynamics of indicators on prognostic scales against the background of DAP allows us to identify the most complex groups of patients who need a more serious resource of intensive therapy. When using any of the scales, a linear relationship is found between the number of points and the level of mortality (for example, for SAPS, each ten-point increase corresponds to an increase in mortality of about 10%).
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Modern surgery is characterized by the development of endovisual technology, which allows performing surgical interventions through natural routes or small approaches with minimal trauma [17, 16]. The main advantage of endovisual interventions is minimal pain after surgery, the earliest possible return to normal life and work [19] -
Congenital cleft lip and/or palate (CCLP) are severe human malformations and are accompanied by complex anatomical and functional disorders of the body (Fig. 1) [2, 4, 6]. Statistics indicate that the prevalence of congenital cleft lip and palate ranges from 1:1000 to 5.38:1000 [5]. In our Republic, the birth rate of children with congenital cleft lip and palate remains at a high level: 1 case per 745 newborns [3]. -
Balanced field block anesthesia on the basis of prolonged conducting blockade of the humeral texture at childrenEfficiency of the balanced field block anesthesia on the basis of prolonged conducting blockage of bra-chial plexus was learned involving 121 patients, aged between 2 and 14 years with upper extremities traumas. The given algorithm of the balanced field block anesthesia on children with 0,25% bupivacaine and intraopera-tive sedation (ketamin+dormicum), provide an adequate intraoperative anesthesia and the long-term highly-effective postoperative analgesia, on average 10 hours in 95.2% cases
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Tactical and technical aspects of surgical treatment of injuries and scarry strictures of extrahepatic bile ductsThe consequence of iatrogenic damage to the extrahepatic bile ducts are mechanical jaundice, purulent cholangitis, repeated repeated operations for cicatricial strictures of the ducts. These consequences can cause catastrophic damage to the patient's health, and only timely and competently performed surgery can prevent the development of complications such as biliary cirrhosis, portal hypertension, purulent cholangitis, liver failure.
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Structural changes in aponeuroses in patients with postoperative ventral hernias of different age groupsObjective of the study. To determine the structural differences of aponeuroses in different age groups of patients with postoperative ventral hernias. Materials and methods. Comparative orphological studies of aponeuroses of 36 patients operated in the First and the Second hospitals Samarkand State Medical Institute for postoperative ventral hernias aged 40 to 76 years. Patients are divided into 3 groups according to the WHO age classification: Group I included patients 45-59 years old; Group II 60-74 years old; and the Group III in-cluded patients 75-90 years old. The biopsy specimens of the anterior abdominal wall, obtained during hernio-plasty were subjected to histological examination. Standard pieces of aponeurotic abdominal wall tissues taken during surgery were fixed in a 10% formalin solution on phosphate buffered saline for light microscopy exami-nations. Paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Results. Investigation of biopsy specimens of aponeuroses and adjacent muscle tissue in patients of different age groups have revealed signifi-cant structural differences that can determine the frequency of hernias of the anterior abdominal wall and their recurrences. Conclusions. The study discovered that with advancing age significant structural changes occur on the aponeurosis of abdominal rectal muscles. The nature of these changes, especially the disruption of the collagen fiber arrangements, suggests that these structural changes are responsible for the weakening of the aponeurosis.
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Analysis of the results of surgical treatment of posttraummatic scarring structures of the main bile ductsThis work is based on the experience of treating 153 patients operated in connection with posttraumatic cicatricial strictures of the hepatic ducts (134-87.6%), as well as with cicatricial stenoses of biliodigestive anastomoses (19 - 12.4%), formed earlier due to trauma hepatitis choledoch in the period from 2007 to 2017. The tactics of treatment of strictures of the hepatic ducts made it possible to obtain good results in 55.3% of the observations from the total number of patients traced in the long-term period. Relapse of the disease occurred in 44.7% of patients. Repeated operation allowed satisfactory results in 64.7% of this category of patients or in 28.9% of the total number of observations. Ultimately, the overall percentage of good and satisfactory results is 84.2%, the incidence of unsatisfactory results and mortality in the long-term period is 15.8%, respectively
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Exercise of a small pelvis with one-dimensional plastic the base of the base of the base the nearest resultsThe study analyzed the immediate results after a front pelvic exenteration with a one-stage pelvic floor osteoplasty in 28 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (MR cervical cancer) with a bladder germination with stage T2b-4N0-1M0. The age of patients ranged from 35 to 60 years, the average age was 47.5 years. The reasons that have a significant impact on the development of postoperative complications, the advantages of pelvic floor plastic, which reduces the incidence of postoperative complications, are analyzed
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Effect of allogernioprosthetics of ventral hernias on the quality of life of patientsThe quality of life parameters of operated patients with ventral hernia of the abdominal wall by alloher-nioprosthetics with propylene filament during the first year after surgical intervention proved to be significant-ly better in a number of criteria in comparison with the QOL of patients whose hernioplasty was performed using inert sutures. These data coincided with the results of surgical treatment in the main and control groups of patient
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Comporative analysis of the results of surgical treatment of patients with bile duct syndrome after cholecystectomyAnalyzed treatment results 72 patients with the closest postoperative period after cholecystectomy. In the studied groups, the frequency and sources of postoperative bile leakage, as well as the nature and localization of injuries of the breast, at the onset of bile, 1 degree, drainage were studied or delimited accumulations of fluid in projection of the gallbladder bladder not more than 5 cm according to the ultrasound, as well as in a satisfactory condition of the patient, no symptoms irritation peritoneum and changes in blood analysis adhered to tactics active dynamic observed with mandatory ultrasonic control. At the expiration of bile by drainage 2 degrees performed ERCP. The main operation at complete intersection and excision of the extrahepatic bile ducts is HepEA; with well distant result in 95.3%. Restorative operation shown only with partial damage to the ductus.
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Surgical aspects treatment of chronic colostases in childrentional examination complexes were carried out. Various organic causes were identified, due to anatomical, muscular and functional disorders of the distal (large intestine) LI and their results were generally assessed in the ball system. In this case, the total, over 12 points and conservative treatment is ineffective, the relative indi- cations to the operation were determined. If more than 18 points, and revealed additional bends, lengthening, narrowing, incomplete fixation, rotation and rigidity of the LI, with clinical complete violations of the motor- evacuation function of the LI, direct indications for surgical treatment were determined. 162 (86%) patients had good results from complex conservative treatment. In 26 (14%) patients, indications for surgical treatment were determined with: no effect of prolonged ongoing conservative treatment, an increase in the phenomena of chronic colonic obstruction with decompensated flow and a progressive worsening of the patient's condition. When choosing the methods of operation, the age of the patients, the nature and localization of the pa- thology of the LI were taken into account. In children under 3 years, the Delatorre-Mandragon method was performed by transanal access; preschool-age method - Soave-Lenyushkin's method with abdominal perineal and in older children - resection and fixation of TK with laparatomy access. The nature of the operation was: resection of the elongated or narrowed LI zone with the creation of "colo-anal" or "colo-colo" anastomoses with fixation of pubescent "transversogastropexy" and rotated parts of the intestine in order to restore normal anatomical structures and transient functions of it. Complications in the early postoperative period was not noted.
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Operation Porro is an important step in the operational obstetrics of the 19th century, but is not safe enough for mother and child. , The operation has led to a significant reduction in mortality in no case can not be considered an advantage and that the operation Porro will be popular only for some time, before the invention of a more advanced method of surgery. Today in obstetrics, removal of the reproductive system is a huge loss for women and the community. -
Functional results low-invasive by energy industry with implantation of IOL at 40 patients with senile cataract are studied. Visual acuity at all patients at receipt fluctuated from the correct projection of light to 0,05. Before operative measure of 30 patients (75%) distinguished only light with the correct svetoproyektion, at 10 - visual acuity has made 0,02-0,05 (25%). Within the first week after operation visual acuity has increased to 0,3 at 21 patients (52,5%), 0,4 - at 12 (30%). The maximum visual acuity without correction which managed to achieve as a result of operation, has made 0,8-0,9 at 7 patients - 17,5%. -
Morphological features of chipped and cut damages Of the not biological fabrics caused by national uzbek knivesCharacteristic signs of the chipped and cut injuries of not biological fabrics received during the pilot studies on dense denim caused by the Uzbek knives - "pichak" are given in article. Not only the character and the mechanism of formation of damage, also specific signs which in the subsequent will allow to conduct a comparative research at identification examination of the tool of crime is established by medico-criminalistic researches of fabric.
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Efficiency of the suture material of premilen in surgery of congenitalblepharopthosisWe have studied the efficacy of surgical treatment of congenital blcpharoptosis using a modified operation (according to the Friedenwald-Huyton method) of a trapezoidal type using 4.0 or 5.0 mm sutures, in 25 children aged 5-14 years with congenital blepharoptosis. The use of the bonusen thread in the operation in the form of a trapezium for the elimination of blepharoptosis provides a symmetrical position of the upper eyelid and its mobility, eliminates the cosmetic defect, and also improves visual acuity and the psychological status of the patients.
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The article analyzes the results of treatment of 34 patients with deep thermal lesions of the upper and lower extremities, aged 15 to 65 years. Among the observed patients with deep burns limb amputations were performed in 28 patients on 32 extremities. The indications, the technique of operations, the introduction of the postoperative period, which allows to significantly improve the results of treatment, maximally preserve the function of the affected limbs, will increase the healing possibilities of combobustology for saving the life of doomed patients with uncompensated loss of skin -
Factor analysis of the frequency of damage to bilitary channels in surgery of gulk-stone diseaseThe analysis of the frequency of fresh injuries and the formation of cicatricial strictures of the main bile ducts in gallstone surgery is given. The probability of damage to the bile duct in surgery for gallstone disease was 0.38%, the incidence of post-traumatic cicatricial stricture - 0.37%. A significant difference in the fre-quency of these complications was determined depending on the type of operations and inflammation in the gallbladder, as well as on the urgency of the operation
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Assessment of the efficiency of surgical treatment of fresh injuries to the biletary ductsAn assessment of the effectiveness of surgical treatment of 175 patients with fresh injuries of the main bile ducts obtained during various cholecystectomy methods revealed intraoperatively (51) and in the early postoperative period (124) is presented. The proposed algorithms for selecting the method of surgical treat-ment of patients with fresh injuries of the main bile ducts allowed to reduce the overall frequency of postopera-tive complications in the early and late periods from 56.3% to 23.6% and mortality from 10.7% to 4.2%.
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Efficiency of use in the fragmented fracture of the distal end of the humerus with the help of reconstructive plates and screwsThe article provides operational methods for treating patients with splinter fractured fractures of the dis-tal end of the humerus in 79 patients. Patients were divided into three groups, depending on the method of sur-gical treatment. The results of treatment of operative methods of all three groups are studied and the conclu-sion is made. As a result of the proposed method of treatment of authors, the effectiveness of treatment with reconstructive plates was proved
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Practical recommendations on application of the developed biocompatible implant "geprotsel" for the prevention and treatment of disorders of aero - and hemostasis in surgery of the lungsVSU "RPMZ named Akad. V. Vakhidov street" together with NYSAFP Academy of Sciences of Uzbeki-stan developed a new aerial and hemostatic implant "Gabriel" which has passed preclinical testing. The article presents the results of clinical studies of the developed implant. Studies have shown that the use of a biological implant "Geprotsel" has reduced the need for additional single stitching lung tissue to ensure adequate Aero-and hemostasis from 38.2% to 11.4% and multiple strengthening seams from 29.4% to 5.7% (χ2=7,706; Df=2; P=0.021). The introduction of the domestic biological implant into lung surgery allowed to reduce the period to achieve Aero-and hemostasis from 32.8±2.5 to 12.5±1.2 minutes (P<0.001), the total duration of the operation from 135.6±6.1 to 107.2±4.7 minutes (P<0.001), as well as to reduce the duration of pleural drainage from 3.38±0.31 to 2.09±0.06 (P<0.001) and the entire period of hospitalization from 12.1±0.4 to 10.7±0.2 days (P<0.01)
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Results of surgical correction of high anisometropia in patients with strabismusThe analysis of the results of surgical correction of anisometropia in 8 patients with strabismus. 4 pa-tients had myopia and hyperopia in 4 patients in the squinting eye. All patients were performed surgery to re-move the lens and IOL installation. The refraction after surgery was from emmetropii to myopia in 1 diopter. Strabismus disappeared in 6 patients. Visual acuity in the operated eye improved in all patients
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Surgical treatment of the consequences of damage of the axillary arteryThe article presents a case of surgical treatment of the consequences of damage of the axillary artery on the left arm of a 3 year old child 2 months after the wound of the left axillary region. The patient, after a comprehensive examination, without technical difficulties, was performed subclavian - brachial autovenous shunting, neurolysis of the brachial plexus and median nerve of the left upper limb. In the early postoperative period, the pulsation on the left forearm arteries is clear. On the control ultrasound dopplerography of the vessels of the left upper extremity, the main anti-hail flow was noted
Journal problems of biology and medicine -
Effects on the ranna of the breast in the suction of the silved electric lightThe effect of LED (blue and infrared spectra) exposure on the sternal wounds has been studied using touch smears for determining the ratio of normal and pathological forms of erythrocytes at the edges of wound and Laser Doppler Flowmetry. It has been established that LED reduces the inflammatory response, normaliz-es the shape of red blood cells and improves skin microcirculation in the wound, and all of these factors con-tribute to accelerated process of healing of injury
Journal problems of biology and medicine
