Сегодня необходимость взаимодействия и качественного общения преподавателей вузов со специалистами из других стран предполагает полное взаимопонимание и, как следствие, стопроцентное достижение целей коммуникации. В связи с этим наблюдается своеобразный «языковой бум»: во-первых, желание все большего числа людей изучать иностранные языки, во-вторых, небывалый спрос на профессиональных переводчиков, чем объясняется значительное увеличение в ВУЗах Узбекистана специальностей, направленных на подготовку лингвистов, переводчиков, специалистов по межкультурной коммуникации. Среди универсальных компетенций - межкультурная компетентность и коммуникация отличается тем, что обладание ею открывает перспективы трудоустройства не только в своей стране. Знание иностранного языка для юристов правоведов и других профессий дает возможность читать научные труды на иностранном языке, писать научные статьи для журналов других государств, способность общаться с коллегами.
Ҳозирда ахборот-коммуникатив жараён жадал суратларда тезлашиб, коммуникация воситалари такомиллашиб бормоқда. Ҳар бир алоқа воситасининг ахборот етказиб беришда ўз услуби ва имкониятлари мавжуд. Оммавий алоқа воситаси телевидение техника ёрдамида вербал ва визуал коммуникация унсурларидан фойдаланиб ахборотни кўп сонли аудиторияга узатади. Коммуникант (томошабин) ва коммуникатор (телевидение, яъни мазкур манба орқали маълумотларни узатиш истагида бўлган соҳа вакиллари) ўртасида коммуникатив алоқа ўрнатилади. Коммуникант ахборотни визуал ҳамда вербал коммуникация орқали қабул қилади. Г.Г.Почепцов коммуникацияга “вербал ахборотни новербалга ва аксинча новербални вербалга қайта кодлаштириш жараёни” [Почепцов, Г.Г. 2001: с.14.] деб таъриф берган. Телевидениенинг ижод аҳлиэса вербал ва новербал воситалар ила ахборотни визуаллаштирад и. В а уста мусаввир ўз асарида турли рангларни чаплаштириб ташламаганидек, адиб, кино ва телевидение аҳли ҳам сўзларни талабчанлик билан танлаши лозим. Телевидение қаламга олинадиган сўзни ҳам, талаффуз этиладиган сўзни ҳам инкор этмайди. Бу қудратли восита тасвир яратишга, тасвирни тўлдиришга, томошабин - тингловчи билан алоқа ўрнатишга, мавзунинг концепциясини очишга хизмат қилиши назарда тутилади.
The aim of the research consists in development of offers and recommendations about further improvement of criminal-legal and criminological measures of fight against crimes in the sphere of information technologies and safety.
The object of the research work is the system of the public relations regulating criminal-legal, criminological and organizational measures for counteraction to crimes in the sphere of information technologies and safety.
The scientific novelty of the research consists of the following:
the expediency of establishment of administrative responsibility for violation of personal privacy at compliance with the law about protection of private life, ensuring protection of the rights of citizens and also completion of legal gaps is proved;
need of establishment of responsibility for infringement of personal privacy in article 1411 Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan when ensuring criminal legal protection of personal privacy and inevitability of responsibility is proved;
for ensuring the principles of justice and humanity in the criminal legislation the expediency of awarding punishment in the form of restriction of freedom on the persons who have committed crimes in the sphere of information technologies is proved;
high degree of public danger of some crimes (illegal activities for attraction of money and (or) other property (article 1881 of CK), production, storage, distribution or demonstration of the materials containing threat of public safety and to public order (article 2441 of CK)) committed with use of networks of telecommunications and the Internet is explained;
establishment of responsibility for bringing to suicide and inducement to suicide with use of networks of telecommunications and the Internet is proved;
need of introduction of responsibility of the blogger for placement of public negative information of a certain look for the Internet is proved;
inadmissibility of use of personal data of the participants at implementation of electronic commerce for who aren't provided by the contract, need of nondisclosure of the specified data are proved;
establishment of the ban on distribution among children of the information justifying illegal behavior and promoting commission of offense, calling for promotion of the destructive ideas in society and also responsibility for the specified acts is offered;
expediency of application of a method of «confidential dialogue» concerning the persons who have committed information crimes, need of implementation of inquiry, the investigation and preventive measures proceeding from their psychological state are specified;
need of recognition of the actions exerting negative impact to life, health and morality of the personality, made with use of means of information technologies as socially dangerous act is offered.
Implementation of research results. The results of the study are used:
the proposal on establishment of administrative responsibility for violation of personal privacy has found the reflection in article 461 of the Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan about the administrative liability entered by the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan of September 23, 2016 No. ZRU-411 (the act of Committee on the legislation and the judicial-legal matters of the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan from September 28, 2016, No. 06/1-05/1148-vkh). This change provides compliance with the law about personal privacy, protection of the rights of citizens and also completion of a legal gap in the legislation;
the proposal on establishment of criminal liability for violation of personal privacy has found the reflection in article 1411 of the Criminal code of the Republic of Uzbekistan entered by the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan of September 23, 2016 No. ZRU-411 (the act of Committee on the legislation and the judicial-legal matters of the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan from September 28, 2016, No. 06/1-05/1148-vkh). Establishment of criminal liability for commission of the act breaking personal privacy provides criminal legal protection of private life of the person and inevitability of responsibility;
offers on expediency of awarding punishments in the form of restriction of freedom concerning the persons who have committed crimes in the sphere of information technologies, have found the reflection in articles 2781-2786 Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan according to the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan from August 10, 2015 No. ZRU-389 (the act of Committee on the legislation and the judicial-legal matters of the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan from July 2, 2018, No. 06/1-05). This offer serves purpose of alternative punishment for crimes in the sphere of information technologies;
high degree of public danger of commission of some types of crimes with use of networks of telecommunications and the Internet has found reflection in article 1881, the «g» point of third part of article 2441 Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan according to the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan of April 25, 2016 No. ZRU-405 (the act of Committee on the legislation and the judicial-legal matters of the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan from July 2, 2018, No. 06/1-05). According to this offer criminal liability for use of information technologies in criminal intents has been established;
responsibility for bringing to suicide, the inducement to suicide made with use of networks of telecommunications and the Internet have been established in article 103 and 1031 Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan according to the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan of June 13, 2017 No. ZRU-436 (the act of Committee on the legislation and the judicial-legal matters of the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan from July 2, 2018, No. 06/1-05). This offer has served establishment of criminal liability for the information attacks encroaching on human life;
regulations on responsibility of the blogger for dissemination of public negative information of some look on the Internet are introduced in articles 3 and 121 of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan from December 11, 2003 No. 560-II «About informatization» (the act of Committee on questions of innovative development, information policy and information technologies of the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan from July 2, 2018, No. 05/2-01-71). This offer serves prevention of various crimes committed with use of the Internet;
offers on inadmissibility of use of personal data of the participants at implementation of electronic commerce for who aren't provided by the contract need of nondisclosure of the specified data have found the reflection in article 18 of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan of May 22, 2018 No. ZRU-385 «About electronic commerce» (the act of Committee on questions of innovative development, information policy and information technologies of the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan from July 2, 2018, No. 05/2-01-71). This offer became a basis for the ban illegal use of personal data from participants of electronic commerce;
offers on establishment of the ban on distribution among children of the information justifying illegal behavior and promoting commission of offense, calling for promotion of the destructive ideas in society and also responsibility for the specified acts are introduced in article 16 of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan of September 8, 2017 No. ZRU-444 «About protection of children from information doing harm to their health» (the act of Committee on questions of innovative development, information policy and information technologies of the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan from July 2, 2018, No. 05/2-01-71). This offer has served recognition of dissemination of information among children of information doing harm to their health as illegal behavior;
offers on improvement of criminal liability for crimes in the sphere of information technologies and safety have been used by preparation of analytical notes within the Concept of improvement of the criminal and criminal procedure legislation approved by the resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan of May 14, 2018 No. PP-3723 (the act of Committee on questions of innovative development, information policy and information technologies of the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan from July 2, 2018, No. 05/2-01-71). This offer serves a proving of inevitability of responsibility for crimes in the sphere of information technologies and information security;
offers on expediency of application of a method of «confidential dialogue» concerning the persons who have committed information crimes, need of implementation of inquiry, the investigation and preventive measures proceeding from their psychological state have been introduced in activity of the relevant structural divisions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan (the act of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan from July 2, 2018 No. 33/1985). This offer has served increase in efficiency of prevention of crimes in the sphere of information technologies and information security;
offers on need of definition of external influence, level of competence and practical skills of employees, motives of offense when studying the reasons of crimes in the sphere of information technologies and information security and also conducting monitoring of social networks have been introduced in activity of the relevant structural divisions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan (the act of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan from July 2, 2018 No. 33/1985). This offer has served definition of the reasons and early warning of crimes in the sphere of information technologies and information security;
offers that the information security is object of criminal legal protection taking into account its direct connection with the state interests have found the reflection in the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «About modification and additions in the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «About the principles and guarantees of freedom of information» (the act of the Center of information security and assistance in ensuring public order at the Ministry of information technology development and communications of the Republic of Uzbekistan from November 13, 2017 No. 03-07-02/124). This offer has served protection of information security as object of criminal legal protection;
offers on need of implementation of complex measures from law enforcement agencies for ensuring information security at information security have found the reflection in the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «About modification and additions in the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «About the principles and guarantees of freedom of information» (the act of the Center of information security and assistance in ensuring public order at the Ministry of information technology development and communications of the Republic of Uzbekistan from November 13, 2017 No. 03-07-02/124). This offer has provided orientation of activity of law enforcement agencies on information security;
offer that threats of information security exert essential harm to the interests of the personality, society and state information have found the reflection in the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «About modification and additions in the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «About the principles and guarantees of freedom of information» (the act of the Center of information security and assistance in ensuring public order at the Ministry of information technology development and communications of the Republic of Uzbekistan from November 13, 2017 No. 03- 07-02/124). This offer has allowed to estimate high degree of public danger of information threats as a factor of commission of information crimes;
the rule about protection of the personality against illegal information influence taking into account that impact on consciousness of the personality with use of means of information technologies exerts negative impact on life, health and morality of the personality, has found the reflection in the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «About modification and additions in the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «About the principles and guarantees of freedom of information» (the act of the Center of information security and assistance in ensuring public order at the Ministry of information technology development and communications of the Republic of Uzbekistan from November 13, 2017 No. 03-07-02/124). This offer has served recognition of the specified actions as socially dangerous act.
Structure and volume of the dissertation. The thesis consists of an introduction, four chapters, a conclusion, a list of used literature and applications. The volume of the thesis is 260 pages.
The article is devoted to the effect of the English language and its grammatical forms (morphemes) in intercultural communication. Here we consider the problems and types of intercultural communication, the peculiarities of the interaction of cultures, determine the relevance of the use of the English language and its grammatical forms in this area.
Ахборот ва билим жамияти, оммавий ахборот воситаларининг мазкур ижтимоий тузилмадаги мавқеи, оммавий онг, оммавий маданият каби ҳодисалар шаклланишида тутган ўрни ҳақидаги дастлабки мулоҳаза ҳамда гипотетик прогнозлар ўтган асрнинг 60 йилларида шаклланди. Буига, маълум маънода, аудиовизуал ахборот-коммуникация воситалари, хусусан, телевидениенинг жадал тараққий топиши сабаб бўлди. Жамиятдаги коммуникация жараёнлари, аудиовизуал ахборот воситаларининг инсон онгига таъсири масалаларини ўрганиб чиққан М.Маклюэн, Д.Белл, Э.Тоффлер, Й.Масуда, Дж.Нейсбит каби футурологлар бу борада билдирган фаразлар айниқса аҳамиятлидир. Хусусан, Маршалл Маклюэн ўзининг “Гуттенберг галактикаси” асарида электрон ахборот воситалари дунёни тараққиётнинг илк даврларидек - аудиовизуал тарзда англашни шакллантириб, жамиятнинг ‘Тлобал қишлоқ” кўринишидаги электрон ижтимоий тузилмага трансформациясини таъминлаши ҳақида ёзади. Унингтадрижий ижтимоий тараққиёт борасидаги мулоҳазаларида ёзув ва босма сўз ихтиросидан олдинги ва кейинги коммуникация жараёнлари эволюцияси характеры очиб берилган.
Ҳозирда ахборот-коммуникатив жараён жадал суратларда тезлашиб, коммуникация воситалари такомиллашиб бормоқда. Ҳар бир алоқа воситасининг ахборот етказиб беришда ўз услуби ва имкониятлари мавжуд. Оммавий алоқа воситаси телевидение техника ёрдамида вербал ва визуал коммуникация унсурларидан фойдаланиб ахборотни кўп сонли аудиторияга узатади. Коммуникант (томошабин) ва коммуникатор (телевидение, яъни мазкур манба орқали маълумотларни узатиш истагида бўлган соҳа вакиллари) ўртасида коммуникатив алоқа ўрнатилади. Коммуникант ахборотни визуал ҳамда вербал коммуникация орқали қабул қилади. Г.Г.Почепцов коммуникацияга “вербал ахборотни новербалга ва аксинча новербални вербалга қайта кодлаштириш жараёни” [Почепцов, Г.Г.2001: с.14.] деб таъриф берган.
The service sector is closely linked to the history of mankind, and this scientific article is the evolutionary model of the service sector, which shows that the development of the service sector in this scientific model is becoming digital services, which is related to human daily life. Therefore, this scientific article provides a scientific definition of the terms service and digital services.
Дунёнинг эзотерик манзараси инсон маънавий борлиги ва маданиятнинг ўзига хос бир бўлаги сифатида турли эзотерик қарашларнинг пайдо бўлишига замни яратди. Уз навбатида, маданий омил бу каби эзотерик таълимотларни институтционаллаштиришда муҳим урин тутади. Зеро, ҳар кандай ижтимоий институт маълум бир функцияларни бажариши баробарида, унинг мавжудлиги мазкур функцияларга жамият томонидан бўлган эҳтиёжнинг даражаси билан боғлиқ. Яна бир мухим жихат, эзотеризмга бўлган кизиқишнинг кучайиши сабабларини ўрганганда, аввало, маълум бир эзотерик билимлар гуруҳининг ижтимоий структурадаги амалга ошираётган вазифаларини аниқлаб олишдир. Бунинг учуй биз тизимли сидашув асосида социологик, психологик, маданиятшунослик хамда диншунослик йўналишидаги ишланмалардан фойдаланамиз. Чунки шу сохалар дунёнинг эзотерик манзарасини ижтимоий ходисалар воситасида такомиллаштириб боради. Хусусан, лингвистика асосида дунёнинг эзотерик моҳияти тушунарли ва тизимли мазмунга эга бўлади.
Мақолада маркетинг коммуникацияларининг истеъмолчилар хулқ-атворига таъсир кўрсатиши мумкин бўлган йўлларини аниқлашга қаратилган, бу нафақат реклама натижасида, балки бутун маркетинг коммуникация жараёни натижасида пайдо бўлган иерархик таъсирлар жамланмасидир. Маркетинг коммуникациялари истеъмолчилар хатти-ҳаракатларига таъсир этиш мақсадида қурилган модель ёрдамида амалга оширилади. Маркетинг коммуникациялари стратегиясини самарали амалга ошириш учун компания мижозлари билан ўзаро муносабатларнинг ахамияти юқори эканлиги ўрганилган.
The paper analyzes some aspects of using social-politic terms in Japanese, ways of inter-preting through analyzing some semantic specialties of terms. Recently, in the textual materials of the Japanese mass media, words written by the Japanese phonetic alphabet katakana, used for the written fixation of vocabulary of foreign origin, began to appear more and more. In itself, this phenomenon is not new - similar vocabulary in Japanese and has its own historical roots and specific use. Translation of the borrowed vocabulary involves the use of several methods, three of which we will consider in more detail in the framework of this article. The first way of transfer: borrowing. The simplest method of transfer is borrowing, which allows filling a gap, usually of a metalinguistic nature (new technique, unknown concepts). Borrowing would not even be such a way of translation, which we might be interested if the translator did not need it at times to create a stylistic effect. The second way of translation: calculating. Calculation is borrowing a special kind: we borrow from a foreign language one or another of the syntagmas and literally translate the elements that make up it. We thus obtain either the expression of the expression, and we use the syntactic structures of the translation language, introducing new expressive elements into it. The third way of translation: literal translation. A literal translation, or translation "word for word", means a transition from the source language to the translation language, which leads to the creation of a correct and idiomatic text, while the translator observes only the observance of the compulsory norms of the language. Since the process of assimilation of foreign-language elements begins from the moment they are introduced into the language by translators, it is appropriate to say a few words about the technology of translating specifically foreign names. When translating words and expressions with an incomprehensible associative meaning, as well as translating the names of realities, transcription, less often transliteration, calculating and explanatory translation (the transfer of the meaning of a foreign word or word combination with the means of the native language without preserving the motivation and form) can be applied. When calculating, transcribing and transliteration, sometimes you need to resort to comments. Can also be applied reception, which is a kind of explanatory translation and calculating-replacement of associative meaning.
The development of a modern society based on the use of a huge amount of the most diverse information is unthinkable without the widespread introduction of electronic communicative technologies in all spheres of life. It is difficult, even almost impossible to imagine life at the present stage without various technologies, gadgets and electronic devices. Technical progress continues to evolve, and every day you can watch the latest and greatest developments in electronic and communicative technology, new discoveries in the information field, the great influence of Internet information technologies in people's lives. The importance and necessity of using electronic communication technologies and computer technology in modern life is beyond doubt. In this article examines the linguistic status of the language of Internet communication. The linguistic status of Internet Communications formed in the present conditions of the information society, and such slang can be nominated as a national version of the meta-language that possesses a novel function of the language is studied in this article. This function overwhelms non-verbal participants of communication interactions regardless of their nationality and command of any language.
This article analyzes the views on international politics and missionary interaction in the context of globalization. The article also describes the ideological support and ensuring state sovereignty in some countries, as well as the encroachment on the constitutional system as a result of a mission led by international political centers around the world. It is evident that the missionaries are mobilizing huge investments in the struggle for ideological landfills. At the same time, it is clear that the missionary often follows brutal and destructive ideas in pursuit of well-defined political goals. As a result of these actions, under the guise of providing “free” aid to the economically backward states, it is seen as a secret manifestation of open interference with the internal affairs of some independent states