This article briefly describes the preliminary researches devoted to the problems of defining and classifying phraseological units that have not yet found a solution in the field of modern phraseology, in particular, in English and Russian linguistics. To analyze theoretical information and reveal the level of study of the problem effectively, analytical, comparative-typological, diachronic methods were used in this article. The analyzed materials show that the classifications covered in the history of phraseology are of great importance in modern phraseology.
Ushbu maqolada sarlavha konstruksiyalarida frazeologikbirliklari haqida ma’lumotlar beriladi
The paraphrases of the Uzbek language were studied for the first time in the article. Preliminary ideas about the types of paraphrases were also presented. To date, paraphrases have not been studied in a monograph, not only in Uzbek linguistics but also in all world linguistics, which is not a separate, special object of scientific research. Although paraphrases are actively used in our oral and written speech as one of the means of artistic imagery, they are one of the factors that show the richness of language, and the breadth of semantic possibilities. Paraphrases serve to make speech impressive, clear, logical, and unique. There are only a few articles in world linguistics that give a concise definition of paraphrases in dictionaries, along with comments, noting that paraphrases have their own characteristics within the means of artistic representation and should be studied separately. Consequently, the separate study of this figurative expression from a scientific and theoretical point of view, the elucidation of its nature, and the discovery of its essence are one of the issues to be addressed in today’s general linguistics, especially stylistics. The work is based on the achievements in the field of linguistics, the categories of dialectical philosophy: generality and specificity, cause and effect, possibility and reality, unity of form and content, clarity and abstraction. The problem of paraphrasing (figurative expression), which is one of the means of expression, which clearly shows the richness of any language, has not been the subject of separate research to date. But there are certain ideas about paraphrasing, albeit a little about its place in language and speech. Observations show that from a general linguistic point of view, the same term is used in invariants such as paraphrase, periphrase, periphrases, and it is noted that speech is one of the most effective means of expression. We found it necessary to use the term paraphrase in our article. Because, first of all, this term is widely used in general linguistics. That is, it is mentioned separately in monographs, manuals, textbooks and articles; secondly, and most importantly, the term paraphrase clearly defines the nature of the phenomenon under study. By the way, the part «para» in the term paraphrase means similar or contiguous, meaning a pair. It is well known that paraphrases in language arise as a result of a deeper study and knowledge of world events, and an increase in the ability of human thinking. The development of technology and science, the fact that the people who are the owners of the language, its creator, are in full contact with neighbouring countries, as a result of increased trade with them, also increase the number of paraphrases at the expense of words passed from one language to another. Therefore, we aimed to examine the paraphrases of language (languages) together with the historical society - its history, in connection with the development of the people.
Ushbu maqolada ommaviy axborot vositalari matnlarda frazeologik birliklarnitarjima qilish haqida so’z boradi. Ommaviy axborot vositalarining hayotimizta tutgan o’rnih haqida kerakli ma’lumotlar yoritilgan
The study examines phraseologisms in the English, Karakalpak, and Russian languages that have a colorative component. The comparative study of languages from various language families and the analysis of phraseologisms – which are the aspects that most vividly express the cultural peculiarity of ethnic groups – are prerequisites for the work’s relevance. The comprehensive examination of phraseological units demonstrates the scientific novelty. The study’s theoretical significance stems from its examination of the phraseological equivalence issue. The comparative approach and the lexicographic analysis method are the main research techniques.
Ushbu maqolada inson botiniy olamidagi “taqdir” konseptining turli jihatlari, jumladan lingvomadaniy aspektlari muhokama etiladi. Maqolada mazkur konseptning etimologiyasi, sinonimlari, morfologik jihatlari hamda xalq maqollarida ifodalanishi masalalari tadqiq etiladi
Данная статья рассматривается адъективные соматические фразеологические единицы в английском и каракалпакском языках. Это относится к фразеологии, которая изучает устойчивые выражения и идиомы, содержащие слова, связанные с человеческим телом. В статье будут рассмотрены примеры таких фразеологических единиц и их значения в контексте языка.
This article is devoted to the topic semantic and structural features of phraseological units used for expressing gender stereotypes in society which provides information gender marked idioms, the role of gender and the classification of gender stereotypes.
В данной статье рассматривается сравнение английских и каракалпакских соматических фразеологических единиц, которые описывают состояния или действия через части тела. Авторы отмечают, что хотя оба языка имеют подобные выражения, их значения и употребление могут существенно отличаться из-за культурных и лингвистических особенностей каждого языка. В статье приводятся примеры таких фраз и объясняются их значения в контексте соответствующих языков.
Адабий тилнинг софлиги ва таъсирчанлигини таъминловчи воситалардан бири фразеологизмдир. Ўзбек тилида фразеологизм бу сўзларнинг турғун бирикмаси ёки барқарор иборасидир. Бадиий адабиёт сўзлашув нутқи фразеологизмлари учун ҳам асосий манба ҳисобланади. Бадиий нутқ образли нутқ, образли тил ҳисобланади, чунки бадиий адабиётда ҳаёт образлар, манзаралар ёрдамида акс эттирилади. Бизнинг онг-туйғумизга таъсир этиб, бизни ҳаяжонга соладиган бу образ ва манзаралар сўзлар ёрдамида, сўзлардан ташкил топган гаплар ёрдамида тасвирланади. Нутқнинг таъсирчанлигини оширишда ҳам иборалардан фойдаланиш муҳим аҳамиятга эга.
Since ancient times, man has tried to understand environment around him. A large number of idiomatic concepts have been created by the people, in which the world view, interests and everyday problems of the humankind are reflected.
Ushbu maqolada etimologiya sohasi, uning o’rganilish tarixi va taraqqiyoti, ushbu soha doirasida faoliyat olib borgan olimlar va ularning soha xususidagi fikrlari bayon etilgan. O’zbek va ingliz tillaridagi etimologik lug’atlar o’rganilgan, natijalar tahlil etilgan. Maqola etimologiya sohasining dolzarbligini, tadqiq jarayonlarining murakkabligini va uning o’ziga xos metodlari borligini ifoda etadi. Maqolada frazeologiya, frazeologik birliklar etimologiyasiga ham oid ma’lumotlar berilgan.
Narsa-predmet va hodisalarning belgisini bildirish sifatning semantik asosidir. Belgi bildirish xususiyati va tabiati jihatidan tub va nisbiy sifatlar bir-biridan qisman farqlanuvchi o‘zgachaliklarga egadir.
Sifatlar frazeologik iboralar tarkibida ham tez-tez qo‘llanilishini ham ta’kidlab o‘tish joiz. Har bir tilda frazeologik iboralar tuzilishi, lеksik-sеmаntik, funksiоnаl uslubiy vа sintаktik vаzifаlаri, shuningdеk, o‘zigа хоs shаkllаnish хususiyatilаrigа egа bo‘lgаn til birligidir.
Ushbu maqolada italyan tilidagi sifat komponentli frazeologik iboralar va ularning semantik xususiyatlari tahlil qilinadi. Sifat komponentli frazeologik iboralarga oid misollar orqali, frazeologik iboralarda eng ko‘p qo‘llaniladigan sifatlar tahlili ham berilgan.