Vol. 40 No. 1 (2025)

  Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada mustaqil hayot bo‘sag‘asida turgan yoshlar kasbiy o‘z-o‘zini anglashning juda muhim komponenti - o‘z hatti-harakati uchun javobgarlik va uning (yaxshimi, yomonmi!) natijasiga faqat o‘zi sababchi ekanligini his qilish xususiyati shakllanganligidir. Ya’ni,  yoshlar uchun nafaqat boshqa odamlar, balki o‘z his-tuyg‘ulari, kechinmalari ham kuzatuv ob’ektiga aylanadi. Uning «Men-konsepsiya»si o‘z istiqboli uchun faol harakatga undovchi kuch (ustanovka) sifatida namoyon bo‘lishi haqidagi mulohazalar keltirilgan.

Abstract: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), or nosocomial infections, represent a significant global health challenge, contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the general classification of HAIs, outlining their common types, modes of transmission, and contributing factors. Understanding the diverse nature of these infections is crucial for developing effective prevention and control strategies. By categorizing HAIs based on their site of infection, causative agents, and acquisition circumstances, healthcare professionals can better target interventions to minimize their prevalence and improve patient outcomes.

Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqolada O’zbekiston xalq shoirasi Zulfiyaxonimning ayrim she’rlari tahlil ostiga olingan. She’rlarda qo’llanilgan badiiy san’atlarning she’r mazmunini va ohangdorligini yanada oshirishi kabi masalalarga alohida e’tibor qaratilgan.

Abstract. This article analyzes the theoretical foundations of the formation of strategic competence in communicative activity. In the processes of language learning and communication, not only grammatical or lexical knowledge is important, but also strategic competence - that is, the skills of choosing and applying the right strategies to achieve the goal of communication. The author considers the stages of formation of strategic competence, factors and methodological approaches that influence it. The role of active cooperation and dialogue between the teacher and the student in the development of this competence is also revealed. Through theoretical analysis, effective directions for the development of strategic competence have been identified.

Abstract: The increasing demand for sustainable and cost-effective construction materials has prompted the exploration of innovative alternatives to conventional concrete. This study investigates the production of high-performance lightweight concrete utilizing industrial waste such as crushed plastic, glass, and demolition debris. The research highlights the selection of materials, mix design, experimental procedures, and evaluates the mechanical, thermal, and environmental performance of the resulting concrete. Results indicate that incorporating industrial waste materials significantly reduces density and enhances thermal insulation while maintaining adequate compressive strength. The findings support the environmental and economic feasibility of waste-based lightweight concrete for modern construction applications.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqola davlat va nodavlat oliy ta’lim muassasalari xorij tajribasini o‘rganish, oliy ta’lim tizimida faoliyat jarayonining sifatini oshirishni tahlil etish, tashqi va ichki mehnat bozorida raqobatga bardosh beradigan mutaxassislarni tayyorlash va xorij tajribasini o‘rgangan holda mehnat unimdorligini oshirish haqida so’z boradi.

Annotation This article explores the linguistic and cultural challenges of translating idioms and proverbs from one language to another. As fixed expressions deeply rooted in national mentality, idioms and proverbs often carry metaphorical meanings that do not have direct equivalents in the target language. The paper analyzes various translation strategies such as literal translation, equivalence, adaptation, and omission, evaluating their effectiveness through real examples in English, Russian, and Uzbek. Special attention is given to the role of cultural context and background knowledge in achieving accurate and culturally appropriate translation. The article concludes that successful translation of idioms and proverbs requires not only linguistic competence, but also a deep understanding of both source and target cultures.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu  maqolada  qorin  tifi  kasalligining  etiologiyasi, epidemiologiyasi, klinik ko‘rinishlari, diagnostikasi va zamonaviy davolash usullari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Qorin tifi dunyo miqyosida keng tarqalgan infeksion kasalliklardan biri bo‘lib, uning yuqish yo‘llari, profilaktikasi va davolashdagi yangi yondashuvlar muhim ilmiy va amaliy ahamiyatga ega. Kasallikning kelib chiqishi, tarqalishi va uni oldini olish choralari haqida batafsil ma’lumot beriladi.

Abstract: Transmissible diseases, also known as communicable or infectious diseases, are a major public health concern worldwide. They are caused by pathogenic microorganisms and are spread from one host to another through various mechanisms. This article aims to provide a general classification of transmissible diseases based on their modes of transmission. We will explore different transmission routes, including direct, indirect, and vector-borne, and discuss common diseases associated with each category. A clear understanding of these classifications is essential for developing effective prevention and control strategies, as well as for public health education.

Annotaciya:  Bul maqalada kino kórkem óneriniń dóreliw processleri, sonıń ishinde qaraqalpaq kino kórkem óneriniń payda bolıwı, rawajlanıw basqıshları, dóretilgen filmler haqqında maĝlıwmatlar berilgen. Filmlerde milliylik hám zamanagóyliktin áhmiyeti, onıń tamashagóyge tásir etiw kúshi haqqında toqtalıp ótiledi.

Abstract: This article provides a comprehensive overview of zoonotic infectious diseases, which are illnesses transmitted between animals and humans. It delves into their epidemiology, diverse transmission routes, common causative agents, clinical spectrum, diagnostic approaches, and multifaceted prevention and control strategies. The aim is to enhance understanding of these globally significant diseases, offering insights for public health professionals, researchers, students, and the general public.

Annotatsiya: Oʻzlashtirishi past bo'lgan bolalarga zamonaviy texnologiyalar asosida taʼlim berish, bugungi kunda taʼlim sohasida muhim masalalardan biridir. Taʼlim jarayonida zamonaviy texnologiyalardan foydalanish, o‘quvchilarning o‘zlashtirish darajasini oshirish, ularning qiziqishini va motivatsiyasini kuchaytirish uchun samarali vosita hisoblanadi. Bu maqolada, o‘zlashtirishi past bo‘lgan bolalarga zamonaviy texnologiyalar yordamida taʼlim berishning ahamiyati, usullari va amaliyoti haqida batafsil maʼlumot beriladi.

Dolzarbligi. Bugungi kunda barcha sohalar singari Ichki ishlar vazirligi sohasidaham keng islohotlar olib borilmoqda. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Vazirlar Mahkamasining 2017-yil 26-sentabrdagi 767-son “O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Ichki ishlar vazirligi Akademik litseylarining faoliyatini tashkil etish chora-tadbirlari to‘g‘risida”gi qaroriga muvofiq Ichki ishlar vazirligi Akademik litseylari tashkil etildi. Xususan, Ichki ishlar tizimida olib borilayotgan islohotlardan biri o‘sib kelayotgan yosh avlodni har tomonlama jismonan sog’lom aqliy, va axloqiy  jixatdan rivojlantirish sanaladi. Bunda esa jismoniy tarbiya va sport muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi.

Annotatsiya: Tayanch-harakat apparatida kasalliklari bo‘lgan yosh parataekvondoshilarning sport mashg‘ulotlarining xususiyatlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Ta’kidlanishisha, tayanch-harakat tizimida nuqsoni bo‘lgan shaxslar uchun taekvondo bo‘yisha sport mashg‘ulotlarini o‘tkazish masalalari bo‘yisha yetarlisha ilmiy-metodik adabiyotlar mavjud. Ammo amaliyotda ushbu muammolarni o‘rganish yo‘nalishlari yetarlisha tizimlashtirilmagan. Tadqiqotimiz davomida tayanch-harakat tizimida nuqsoni bo‘lgan parataekvondo sportchilarining sport mashg‘ulotlari samaradorligiga ta’sir yetuvshi asosiy omillar aniqlandi va kertakli mashg‘ulot metodi ishlab chiqildi.

Annotatsiya: Tayanch-harakat apparatida kasalliklari bo‘lgan parataekvondoshilarning sport mashg‘ulotlarining xususiyatlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Ta’kidlanishicha, tayanch-harakat tizimida nuqsoni bo‘lgan shaxslar uchun taekvondo bo‘yisha sport mashg‘ulotlarini o‘tkazish masalalari bo‘yisha yetarlisha ilmiy-metodik adabiyotlar mavjud. Ammo amaliyotda ushbu muammolarni o‘rganish yo‘nalishlari yetarlisha tizimlashtirilmagan. Tadqiqotimiz davomida tayanch-harakat tizimida nuqsoni bo‘lgan parataekvondo sportchilarining sport mashg‘ulotlari samaradorligiga ta’sir etuchi asosiy omillar aniqlandi va kerakli mashg‘ulot metodi ishlab chiqildi.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada maktabgacha yoshdagi bolalarning axloqiy sifatlarini shakllantirish masalalari yoritilgan. Bolalar axloqiy tarbiyasining erta yoshdayoq boshlanishi, uning jamiyatdagi ijtimoiy-axloqiy qadriyatlarni o‘zlashtirishdagi o‘rni va ahamiyati tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, tarbiyaviy jarayonda ota-onalar, pedagoglar va atrof-muhitning ta’siri, axloqiy sifatlar – halollik, mehribonlik, hurmat, vatanparvarlik kabi fazilatlarni rivojlantirish usullari ko‘rib chiqilgan. Maqolada zamonaviy tarbiya metodlari, didaktik o‘yinlar, ertaklar va namuna orqali ta’sir ko‘rsatish uslublariga ham e’tibor qaratilgan.

Аннотация: Тил таълимида фанлар, соҳалараро интегратсиясига амал қилиш, ўрганилаётган тилнинг амалда қўллаш кўникмасини ривожлантиради. Грамматикага оид билимларни амалий жиҳатини мустаҳкамлш учун турли мавзудаги матнларга мурожаат қилинади. Бунда тил фани ҳамда турли фанлар, соҳалараро алоқадорлик жараёни юзага келади. Хорижий тилларни ўрганаётган ўқувчи ва мустақил изланувчилар учун баъзи тавсиялар ҳамда таълим тизимига интегратсия жараёнининг кириб келиши ҳамда она тили ва адабиёт дарсларини ўқитишда интегратив ёндашувнинг аҳамияти шунингдек, умумтаълим мактабларида она тили ва адабиёт дарсликларида берилган мавзуларни бир-бирига боғлаган ҳолда тушунтириш усуллари ва методларини ишлаб чиқиш келтириб ўтилган.

This article explores the theoretical aspects of localizing Russian folktales and examines the challenges associated with preserving cultural identity in their adaptation for an English-speaking audience. It defines localization in comparison to traditional translation and highlights key differences between these processes. Special attention is given to the analysis of culturally-specific lexis found in Russian folktales, their semantic and symbolic significance, and the strategies used for their translation. The study examines major translation techniques such as transliteration, calquing, adaptation, analogy, and the use of explanatory notes. The article discusses the difficulties of maintaining cultural associations and imagery, as well as the risk of meaning loss due to excessive adaptation. A comparative analysis of translated folktale realia and their impact on text perception is provided. The study concludes with recommendations on selecting optimal localization strategies that balance the authenticity of the original and accessibility for the target audience.

Annotatsiya: Mazkur maqolada raqamli marketing vositalarining iste’molchilarning xarid qilishdagi qaror qabul qilish jarayoniga ko‘rsatadigan ta’siri tahlil qilinadi. Ijtimoiy tarmoqlar, qidiruv tizimlari, email marketing, bannerlar va kontent marketing kabi raqamli vositalarning psixologik va iqtisodiy ta’sir mexanizmlari o‘rganiladi. Shuningdek, iste’molchilarning onlayn muhitdagi xatti-harakatlari, ularning e’tiborini jalb etish va ishonch hosil qilish omillari kontekstida raqamli marketing strategiyalarining samaradorligi baholanadi. Maqolada xorijiy tajriba va amaliy tahlillar asosida milliy bozorlarda iste’molchilarning qarorlariga ta’sir ko‘rsatish usullari bo‘yicha tavsiyalar ishlab chiqiladi.

Ushbu maqolada basketbol o‘yinida psixologik barqarorlikning o‘rni va uning sportchilarning o‘yin jarayonidagi muvaffaqiyatiga ta’siri tahlil qilingan. Basketbol o‘yini faqat jismoniy tayyorgarlik bilan emas, balki ruhiy va psixologik barqarorlik bilan ham bog‘liqdir. Psixologik barqarorlik, o‘yinchining stressga bardoshliligi, o‘zini boshqarish va diqqatni jamlash qobiliyatiga ta’sir qiladi. Tadqiqotda psixologik tayyorgarlik, stressni boshqarish texnikalari va vizualizatsiya kabi metodlarning psixologik barqarorlikni shakllantirishdagi roli o‘rganildi. Maqola basketbolchilarni psixologik barqarorlikka o‘rgatishda qo‘llaniladigan ilmiy yondashuvlarni taqdim etadi.

Ushbu maqolada ayollar basketbol jamoalarida jismoniy tayyorgarlikning xususiyatlari va uning o‘yindagi samaradorlikka ta’siri o‘rganilgan. Ayollar basketbolida jismoniy tayyorgarlikni shakllantirishda jinsiy farqlar, muskul kuchi, chidamlilik, tezlik va harakatlar koordinatsiyasi kabi o‘ziga xos omillar muhim ahamiyatga ega. Maqolada ayollar jismoniy tayyorgarligini yaxshilashda zamonaviy yondashuvlar, metodlar va mashqlar tizimi taqdim etilgan. Bunda jismoniy tayyorgarlikning individual va guruh tarzidagi yondashuvlari alohida ko‘rib chiqiladi.

Ushbu maqolada basketbol o‘yinini o‘rganishda virtual reallik (VR) texnologiyalaridan foydalanish imkoniyatlari va uning samaradorligi o‘rganilgan. Virtual reallik texnologiyalari basketbolchilarga o‘yindagi turli vaziyatlarga tayyorlanishda, texnik va taktika elementlarini o‘rganishda yordam beradi. Tadqiqotda VR texnologiyalarini o‘rganishda qo‘llashning afzalliklari, shuningdek, jismoniy va psixologik holatni yaxshilashdagi roli ko‘rib chiqilgan. Maqolada VR texnologiyalarini basketbol o‘yinchilarining taktik va texnik ko‘nikmalarini yaxshilashda qanday ishlatish mumkinligi, shuningdek, zamonaviy sport o‘yinlarida innovatsion usullarni joriy etish masalalari tahlil qilinadi.

Basketbol jamoaviy sport turi bo‘lib, unda jamoaning o‘zaro hamkorligi, strategik fikrlash va liderlikning o‘rni katta ahamiyat kasb etadi. Samarali jamoa yaratish uchun individual mahorat yetarli emas, balki o‘yinchilarning bir-birini tushunishi, taktikaga moslashishi va yetakchilik qobiliyatlari ham muhimdir. Ushbu maqolada jamoaviy o‘yinning asosiy tamoyillari, liderlik turlari va ularning jamoa natijalariga ta’siri tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, murabbiylar va yetakchi o‘yinchilarning jamoani motivatsiyalashdagi roli ham ko‘rib chiqiladi. Zamonaviy tadqiqotlar va amaliy tajribalar asosida samarali jamoa yaratish strategiyalari yoritiladi. Jamoaviy o‘yin jarayonida samaradorlikni oshirish uchun kommunikatsiya, o‘zaro ishonch va vaziyatga tez moslashish kabi omillar muhimligi ta’kidlanadi. Ushbu tadqiqot murabbiylar, o‘yinchilar va sport mutaxassislari uchun qo‘llanma sifatida xizmat qiladi.

Abstract: Contemporary e-commerce environments face unprecedented challenges in maintaining data integrity across vast transnational databases. This investigation examines artificial intelligence applications for automated data quality control and anomaly identification within high-volume digital commerce platforms. Our empirical study, conducted across multiple e-commerce ecosystems including Uzbekistan's rapidly expanding digital market, processed 62.7 million transactions over eight months. Machine learning implementations achieved 91.8% precision in detecting data inconsistencies while reducing manual oversight requirements by 72%. Ensemble-based detection systems demonstrated 38% superior performance compared to conventional rule-based approaches, particularly in identifying fraudulent patterns and database anomalies. The Uzbekistan market analysis revealed unique data challenges including multi-currency processing, diverse payment integration, and multilingual content management, providing valuable insights for emerging digital economies.

We observed 85 patients aged 17 to 74 years. All patients used standard general, serological, biochemical and statistical methods. According to clinical forms patients were distributed as follows: primary chronic brucellosis (PChB) - 22 (25.8%) and secondary chronic brucellosis (SChB) - 63 (74.2%). The subcompensation phase was observed in 62.3% of the examined patients, the decompensation phase was detected in 37.7%.

The purpose of this work was to study the clinical and diagnostic features of the course of chronic forms of brucellosis.

Material and research methods. We conducted a clinical diagnostic examination of 60 patients with chronic brucellosis who were hospitalized.

Results and its discussion. The issue of great theoretical and practical importance is the study of the clinical status of the adult organism of patients with brucellosis in the age aspect. Among the patients with chronic brucellosis examined by us, in 54 (90.0%) patients, the disease began chronically (gradual onset in 10.0%) with high fever in 56 (93.3%), accompanied by chills in 54 (90.0%) and sweating 56 (93.3%). 52 (86.6%) patients also had headaches and weakness.

When the infection was generalized against the background of high temperature, the knee, ankle (35%) and relatively rarely hip (5%) joints, as well as the cervical spine (1%) were more often affected.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu tadqiqot O‘zbekistonda oziq-ovqat xavfsizligi va sanitariya-gigiyena talablariga rioya qilishning turizm sohasiga ta’sirini tahlil qiladi. Jahon sog‘liqni saqlash tashkiloti (JSST), O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Sog‘liqni saqlash vazirligi va Turizm va madaniy meros vazirligi tomonidan e’lon qilingan ma’lumotlar asosida oziq-ovqat zaharlanishi holatlari, xalqaro reytinglardagi o‘rni va sanitariya qoidalariga rioya qilish darajasi o‘rganildi. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatdiki, gigiyena va sanitariya talablariga rioya qilish nafaqat jamoat salomatligini himoya qilish, balki turizm industriyasining rivojlanishiga ham bevosita ta’sir qiladi. Ushbu maqolada oziq-ovqat xavfsizligini oshirish va turizm jozibadorligini kuchaytirish bo‘yicha tavsiyalar beriladi.

Аннотация.Yo’lbars yong’oqlari fosfor, kaliy, kaltsiy, magniy va temir kabi minerallarga boy. Shuningdek, uning tarkibida E va C, B1 vitaminlar ko’p miqdorda mavjudligi tufayli markaziy nerv sistemasi ishini barqarorlashtirish, va stress xolatlarini boshqarishda yordam beradi.Bundan tashqari, chufa ichak epiteliysi faoliyatini tiklanishiga, ichak peristaltikasini normallashtirishda va qabziyatni davolashga yordam beradi

Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada madaniy meros obyektlarining iqtisodiy rivojlanishdagi o‘rni va ahamiyati tahlil qilingan va madaniy meros obyektlari orqali turizm salohiyatini oshirish, mahalliy iqtisodiyotga investitsiyalarni jalb qilish, hamda yangi ish o‘rinlarini yaratish kabi iqtisodiy foydalarni ko‘rsatadi. Shuningdek, maqolada madaniy meros asosida iqtisodiy strategiyalar ishlab chiqish yo‘nalishlari — restavratsiya, raqamlashtirish, hududiy klasterlar va marketing strategiyalari — yoritilgan. O‘zbekiston, xususan Qashqadaryo viloyati misolida mavjud muammolar va ularga yechim takliflari keltirilgan.

Аннотация. Данное исследование посвящено изучению взаимосвязи между функциями печени и состоянием зрения с акцентом на важность поддержания печеночного здоровья. Одним из ключевых патологических состояний отражающих влияние печени на нервную систему и зрение является гипераммониемия-накопление аммияка в крови вследствие нарушений его обезвреживания в печени.

Background  Glaucoma is a group of chronically progressive disorders of the optic nerve. In this article, we present the epidemiology of and risk factors for glaucoma, as well as the diagnostic work-up and treatment options.

    Abstract:  Optic atrophy is the hallmark of damage to the visual pathway. It appears as a pale disc on fundus examination. This clinical appearance is not a disease, per se—it only indicates damage to the anterior visual pathway, which can occur in several conditions. This activity delves into the pathophysiology of optic atrophy, clarifying the complexities surrounding its development and showcasing it as the end result of retinogeniculate pathway degeneration. The course discussion also addresses the misnomer associated with the term "optic atrophy" in favor of "optic neuropathy," and elucidates the mechanisms contributing to disc pallor, including neuro-vascular degeneration and the loss of axonal fibers. By explaining the optic nerve's behavior, this activity offers insights into the unique challenges associated with regeneration in the central nervous system, essential for effective clinical management strategies.

      Annotatsiya:  "Miokardiodistrofiya" (MKD) yoki "miokard distrofiyasi" tushunchasi miokarddagi metabolizmning biokimyoviy darajada buzilishini anglatadi, ular ularni keltirib chiqargan sababni bartaraf etishda qisman yoki to‘liq qaytariladi. Miokardning uzoq vaqt davom etib boradigan va zo‘rayib boradigan distrofiyasi uning qisqarish funksiyasi susayib, yurak yetishmovchiligi boshlanishiga olib keladi. O‘tkir MKD o‘tkir yurak yetishmovchiligiga olib kelishi mumkin. Har qanday etiologiyali MKD rivojlanishining asosida, odatda, miokardning o‘tkir yoki surunkali gipoksiyasi yotadi.

Abstract. In rhinologic practice, septal abnormalities are a common complaint and the most common cause of nasal obstruction. The use of the endoscope to treat septal abnormalities has grown in popularity since Lanza et al.'s 1991 initial presentation. This study aims to assess the efficacy of endoscopic septoplasty in correcting each of the seven categories of septal abnormalities identified by Mladina's classification. As far as we are aware, this is the first study to analyze objective results obtained before and after surgery, as well as subjective results obtained from the validated NOSE questionnaire, in order to assess the remedial ability of this procedure for each aberration. Even if endoscopic septoplasty is currently regarded as a dependable substitute for the traditional method, the optimal treatment option must be provided by correctly identifying the deformity prior to surgery.

Abstract. Violation of the kidney filtration function is common enough among patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially against disorders of carbohydrate metabolism (IGM). Renal dysfunction (PD) is associated with more frequent development of cardiovascular complications. In turn, the probability of development of renal disease in patients with cardiovascular disease is significantly higher than in general population. This bidirectional pathogenetic mechanisms existing between cardiovascular and kidney diseases were the basis for the formation of cardiorenal syndrome concept. The review discusses the general parts of pathogenesis within the cardiovascular continuum. In addition, it shows the effect on metabolic disorders during CVD combined with renal dysfunction. The review reveals a recent view on the main mechanisms of cardiorenal syndrome.                                                                                                    

  Abstract. This article explores the philosophical roots of existentialism and its impact on the educational process, particularly focusing on the concepts of self-awareness and freedom of choice. The application of existentialism in education reinforces the humanistic foundations of learner-centered education and plays a crucial role in developing students' inner world.

Annotatsiya; Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasida amalga oshirilayotgan investitsion loyihalarning iqtisodiyotdagi o‘rni va ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Investitsiyalar iqtisodiy o‘sish, texnologik modernizatsiya, ish o‘rinlari yaratish va xalq farovonligini oshirishning muhim omili sifatida ko‘rib chiqiladi. Mualliflar investitsion loyihalarning asosiy maqsadlarini aniqlab beradi hamda ularni amalga oshirishda uchraydigan asosiy muammolar — byurokratik to‘siqlar, moliyalashtirish, infratuzilma, kadrlar va huquqiy muhitdagi muammolarni tahlil qiladi. Shuningdek, mavjud muammolarni bartaraf etishga qaratilgan davlat siyosati, huquqiy islohotlar, soliq imtiyozlari va boshqa chora-tadbirlar yoritiladi. Maqola iqtisodiy siyosat shakllanishida va investitsiya muhiti rivojida amaliy ahamiyatga ega bo‘lishi mumkin.

Annotatsiya: Mazkur ilmiy maqolada Windows Forms platformasida konteynerlar (GroupBox, Panel, FlowLayoutPanel, TableLayoutPanel va SplitContainer) bilan ishlashning nazariy va amaliy jihatlari yoritiladi. Konteynerlar yordamida foydalanuvchi interfeysini mantiqan guruhlash, boshqaruv elementlarini joylashtirish va ularni dinamik tarzda boshqarish imkoniyatlari tahlil qilinadi. Har bir konteynerning funksional xususiyatlari, afzalliklari va qo‘llash doiralari misollar asosida ko‘rsatib beriladi. Shuningdek, maqolada loyihalashdagi ergonomik yechimlar, vizual tartib va ishlash qulayligini ta'minlashga qaratilgan yondashuvlar muhokama qilinadi. Tajriba loyihalari orqali konteynerlarning moslashuvchanligi, elementlar o‘zaro joylashuvi va hodisalar bilan ishlash texnikasi yoritilgan. Ushbu maqola dasturchilar, axborot texnologiyalari bo‘yicha o‘quvchilar va Windows Formsda interaktiv grafik interfeys yaratishga qiziqqan mutaxassislar uchun foydalidir.

In today's digital age, the terms "Big Data" and "Artificial Intelligence" (AI) are ubiquitous. They're driving revolutionary changes not just in technology, but in almost every aspect of our daily lives. This article explores the essence of Big Data and AI, their intricate relationship, and their immense potential for the future.

What is Big Data?

Big Data refers to incredibly large, diverse, and rapidly changing datasets that traditional database systems struggle to process. It's characterized by three primary features, often called the "three Vs":

• Volume: Enormous quantities of data, often measured in terabytes, petabytes, or even exabytes.


• Velocity: The speed at which data is generated and processed, often in real-time.


• Variety: The diverse types of data, including unstructured (text, images, video), semi-structured (JSON, XML), and structured (tabular) data.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqola mintaqaviy innovatsion infratuzilmani shakllantirish jarayonida inson kapitalining o‘rni va ahamiyatini tahlil qiladi. Inson kapitali innovatsiyalarni ishlab chiqish va joriy etishda muhim resurs sifatida namoyon bo‘lib, ilm-fan, ta’lim va kasbiy malakani rivojlantirish orqali iqtisodiy o‘sishga hissa qo‘shadi. Mintaqaviy infratuzilmaning samarali rivojlanishi uchun yuqori malakali va kreativ kadrlar tayyorlash, ularni yangi texnologiyalar va innovatsiyalar bilan doimiy tanishtirib borish muhim ahamiyatga ega. Maqolada inson kapitalini rivojlantirishning innovatsion infratuzilma kontekstidagi mexanizmlari, shuningdek, mintaqaviy taraqqiyotda inson kapitalining samarali boshqarilishi muammolari ko‘rib chiqiladi.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada Shaxriyor Shvkatning “Xayol og’ushi” she’ri badiiy ko‘chimlar va sheriy ohangdorlik elementlari asosida tahlil qilinadi. Metafora, metonimiya, simvol va personifikatsiya kabi badiiy ko‘chimlar yordamida she’rda chuqur ma’no va obrazlar yaratilgani ko‘rsatildi. Shuningdek, she’rning ritmi, qofiyasi va takrorlanishlari orqali musiqiylik va hissiy ohangdorlik ta’kidlandi. Maqola o‘zbek adabiyoti va she’riyatining badiiy vositalari hamda ohangdorlik jihatlarini chuqur anglashga xizmat qiladi.

Annotatsiya: Mazkur maqolada Zebo Mirzoning xiyonat va vafosizlik mavzusidagi tanlab olingan ayrim she’rlarining badiiyati tahlil va talqin qilingan. Shuningdek, Zebo Mirzo she’rlarida musavvirona ruh bor, dard bor, olov bor. Bu so‘zlarni ushlab ko‘rasiz, haroratini his qilasiz, ranglaridan hayratlanasiz. Va ko‘nglingizga kirib borayotgan Tirik So‘zning tovushlarini eshitasiz. Shoira lirikasi intim-lirika qonuniyatlariga to‘la javob bera oladi. Intim-lirika qalbning qalbga, shaxsning shaxsga dil rozini, arzu holini ifodalovchi janr ekanligi bilan ajralib turadi.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada maqollar arab tilidan tarjima qilinib, leksik tahlil qilindi .Maqollarning izohi keltirilgan.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada Iqbol Mirzoning “Bonu” romani orqali o‘zbek ayolining jamiyatdagi o‘rni, oilaviy va ijtimoiy muammolari, shuningdek, uning sabr-matonati va kuchli iroda timsoli sifatida tasviri tahlil qilinadi. Roman qahramoni Bonuning hayoti va ichki dunyosi orqali ayolning jamiyatdagi mavqei, erkaklar bilan munosabatlari, ona sifatidagi mas’uliyati yoritiladi. Asarda ayol obrazlari va ularning ijtimoiy faolligi, huquqlari masalasi ko‘tarilib, jamiyatda ayollarga nisbatan mavjud bo‘lgan stereotiplar tanqid qilinadi. Tadqiqotda Bonuning sabri — zaiflik emas, balki kuch va matonat belgisi sifatida ko‘rsatilgani, shuningdek, ayolning jamiyatni kelajakka yetaklovchi kuch ekanligi ta’kidlanadi.

Мақолада валюта муносабатлари ва тижорат банклари валюта операциялари ривожланиши масалалари, валюта операциялари таҳлили ҳақида сўз боради.

Anotatsiya: Mazkur maqolada tirik organizmning sezuvchi tuzilmalaridan biri bo‘lgan retseptorlar haqida batafsil ma’lumot berilgan. Retseptorlar — bu tashqi va ichki muhitdan kelgan turli xil ta’sirlarni qabul qilib, ularni asab impulslariga aylantiruvchi maxsus sezuvchi hujayralardir. Maqolada retseptorlarning tasnifi, tuzilishi, ishlash mexanizmi va ularning tibbiyotdagi ahamiyati yoritilgan. Ayniqsa, kasalliklarni aniqlashda, dori vositalarining ta’sir mexanizmini tushunishda va fiziologik jarayonlarni o‘rganishda retseptorlarning o‘rni alohida ta’kidlanadi.

Maqola tibbiy biologiya sohasida tahsil olayotgan talabalar, ilmiy izlanuvchilar va mutaxassislar uchun foydali manba bo‘lib xizmat qiladi hamda organizmdagi murakkab signallarni tushunishda muhim nazariy asos bo‘lib xizmat qiladi.

Abstract: First-order differential equations play a crucial role in mathematics, physics, engineering, and economics. This article examines modern methods for solving first-order differential equations, focusing on numerical techniques (e.g., Euler, Runge-Kutta), computational tools (e.g., MATLAB, Python), and machine learning-based approaches. The advantages, limitations, and practical applications of these methods are discussed. The aim of this study is to compare these methods, evaluate their effectiveness, and provide guidance for researchers and practitioners.

Abstract: This article examines the relationship between classical and modern methods for solving first and second-order differential equations and the differences in their solutions. Classical methods are based on analytical solutions, while modern methods utilize numerical techniques to solve complex equations. The connection between classical and modern methods is explained, and their role in mathematical modeling is analyzed. Modern methods, with the aid of computers, provide significant opportunities for modeling large and complex systems.

Аннотация: В статье обобщён современный теоретический и практический опыт преподавания русского языка как иностранного (РКИ) студентам в неязыковых вузах. Акцент сделан на формировании самообразовательной компетентности как ключевого качества современного обучающегося. Описаны особенности развития письменной и устной научной речи и её связь с профессиональной подготовкой студентов. Особое внимание уделено интеграции речевого и предметного содержания, а также использованию интерактивных и цифровых технологий в образовательном процессе. Представлены методические рекомендации по оптимизации самостоятельной и аудиторной работы студентов.

Abstract. This article examines the effectiveness of 3D body scanning technology and hybrid neural network methods in identifying risk factors during pregnancy and determining fetal weight. With the help of a 3D body scanner, accurate and complete measurements of the mother's body are taken, and these data are entered into a hybrid neural network model. High accuracy is achieved in predicting risk factors and determining the estimated weight of the fetus through hybrid neural networks. The proposed method is an effective tool for monitoring the health of pregnant women and early diagnosis, which makes it possible to reduce complications during pregnancy. The research results show the prospects for the application of artificial intelligence and advanced technologies in the field of medicine.

Аннотация. В данной статье освещены современные подходы и научные основы индивидуализированного ухода во время беременности. Важным фактором достижения здоровой беременности и благоприятных исходов родов является разработка индивидуального плана ухода с учетом физиологического, психологического и социального состояния каждой беременной женщины. В статье на основе научной литературы и практического опыта рассматриваются основные направления индивидуализированного ухода, такие как пренатальный скрининг, генетический анализ, персонализированное питание, поддержка психического здоровья, использование цифровых технологий и мультидисциплинарные подходы. В статье также анализируются возможности внедрения этих подходов в систему здравоохранения Узбекистана.

Аннотация. Постинфарктные аритмии являются одной из наиболее частых и жизнеугрожающих форм нарушений сердечного ритма. Они существенно увеличивают риск внезапной сердечной смерти, ухудшают прогноз и качество жизни пациентов, перенёсших инфаркт миокарда. В основе их развития лежат структурные и электрофизиологические изменения миокарда, включая фиброз, ремоделирование, активацию симпатоадреналовой системы и нарушение ионных каналов. Данная статья представляет собой обзор современных представлений о механизмах формирования постинфарктных аритмий и особенностях их клинического течения.

Annotation. Tachyarrhythmias are a group of heart rhythm disorders characterized by rapid heartbeat (HR over 100 bpm). They can be of both supraventricular and ventricular origin, ranging from benign to life-threatening forms. This article discusses the main types of tachyarrhythmias, their pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, as well as modern approaches to drug and interventional therapy.

Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqolada buyuk mutafakkir va tilshunos Mahmud Zamaxshariyning “Asosu-l-balog‘a” asari tahlil qilinadi. Asarning arab tilshunosligi va balog‘at ilmi rivojidagi o‘rni, tuzilishi, ilmiy-uslubiy yondashuvlari, so‘zlarning semantik va majoziy ma’nolari, shuningdek, asarda ishlatilgan manbalar asosida tahlil beriladi. Zamaxshariyning lug‘atshunoslikdagi uslubi, tilning fasohat va balog‘at jihatlarini yoritishda tutgan yondashuvi zamonaviy tilshunoslik nuqtayi nazaridan ham tahlil etiladi. Maqolada “Asosu-l-balog‘a” asarining lug‘atshunoslikda tutgan o‘rni, uning uslubiy yangiliklari va boy ilmiy merosi yoritilgan.

Аннотация. Киноа обладает высокой толерантностью к различным абиотическим факторам. Именно это свойство обеспечивает ее способность адаптироваться к различным агроэкологическим зонам в агроценозах, позволяя ей произрастать от -8 °C в жарких сухих пустынях и тропических регионах с относительной влажностью до 88%. Имеет прекрасные адаптационные характеристики, что позволяет выращивать ее в горных районах при температуре до 40 °C и высоте 4000 м над уровнем моря, на щелочных и гидроксидных почвах, а также на почвах с pH от 4,5 до 9,06.

Ushbu maqolada harakatli o’yinlar orqali maktabgacha yoshdagi bоlalar jismоniy sifatlarni tarbiyalashda jismоniy tarbiya vоsitasi sifatida harakatli o’yinlardan fоydalanish va shu asоsida maktabgacha tarbiya muassasalari sharoitida bolalarning harakat faoliyatini rivojlantirish texnologiyasining nazariy asоslari va usuliy yo’llarini aniqlash, hamda maqsadga erishish jarayonida maktabgacha tarbiya muassasalari sharoitida bolalarning harakat faoliyatini rivojlantirish uchun olib borilayotgan jismoniy tarbiya va ommaviy sog’lomlashtirish tadbirlari tashkillashtirib tadqiqot olib boorish ko’zda tutilgan.

Abstract: Abu Ali Ibn Sina (Avicenna) was a great physician, philosopher, and encyclopedic scholar of the 11th century whose scientific legacy has immense value for global civilization. His contributions to medicine, particularly through his renowned work The Canon of Medicine, have influenced both medieval and modern medical science. This article explores Ibn Sina’s primary contributions to medicine, including his understanding of anatomy and physiology, methods of diagnosing and treating diseases, and his ethical approach to medical practice.

Hyperandrogenism is a clinical syndrome characterized by excessive production of androgen hormones in women, leading to various gynecological and endocrine disorders. Recent studies have highlighted the critical roles of vitamin B12 in metabolism, hormonal balance, and nervous system functioning. This article analyzes the pathogenesis of hyperandrogenism and the potential involvement of vitamin B12 in its development. Additionally, contemporary treatment methods are reviewed, with a focus on the role of vitamin B12 supplementation in enhancing therapeutic efficacy.

Abstract: This article explores the contributions of the great philosopher and scholar Abu Nasr Al-Farabi to the field of medicine. His philosophical approach to health, his insights into the connection between physical and mental well-being, and his emphasis on the moral and preventive aspects of medicine are analyzed. The article also highlights Al-Farabi's influence on later scholars, particularly Avicenna (Ibn Sina), and his role in shaping the foundations of Islamic medical thought.

Annotatsiya: Harakatlar strategiyasi, “Jamoatchilik nazorati to‘g‘risida”gi qonuni, “Ichki ishlar organlari to‘g‘risida”gi qonuni, ichki ishlar organlari faoliyati ustidan jamoatchilik nazoratining samarali tizimini shakllantirish muammosi ichki ishlar organlariga fuqarolarning hayoti, sog‘lig‘i, huquq va erkinliklari, mulk va jamiyat manfaatlarini jinoiy va boshqa qonunga xilof tajovuzlardan himoya qilishga qaratilgan vazifalar va boshqalar.

Annotatsiya: Bolalik inson hayotining eng muhim va ta’sirchan davridir. Ushbu davrda bolaning shaxsiyati shakllanadi, uning ruhiy va jismoniy rivojlanishi sodir bo‘ladi. Voyaga yetmagan bolalarga psixologik xizmat ko‘rsatish esa ularning sog‘lom va muvozanatli rivojlanishini ta’minlashda muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Psixologik xizmat bolaning ichki dunyosini tushunish, uning hissiyotlari, fikrlari va xulq-atvorini o‘rganish, shuningdek, yuzaga keladigan muammolarni aniqlash va bartaraf etishga qaratilgan kompleks faoliyatdir.

Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada Python 3.10 muhiti va PyCA Cryptography (v. 40.0.1) kutubxonasi misolida fayllarni shifrlash va deshifrlash jarayonlari IMRAD talablari doirasida umumiy nazariy asoslari, metodologik yondashuvlari, eksperimental natijalari hamda ularning amaliy tahlili bilan yoritildi. “Fernet” simmetrik protokoli yordamida AES-128 CBC rejimida shifrlash va HMAC-SHA256 orqali butunlikni tekshirish bosqichlari, RSA 2048-bitli assimetrik algoritm va PKCS#1 OAEP paddingi asosida jamoat/maxfiy kalit almashinuvi amaliyotlari batafsil tavsiflandi. Eksperimental qismda 10 KB dan 50 MB gacha boʻlgan fayllar hajmi uchun shifrlash-deshifrlash tezligi va resurs sarfi, streaming texnikalari samaradorligi, xato boshqaruvi mexanizmlari sinovdan oʻtkazildi. Muzokara boʻlimida simmetrik va assimetrik yondashuvlarning afzalliklari, cheklovlari va yirik hajmli fayllar uchun aralash (hybrid) algoritmlarni joriy etish tavsiyalari, shuningdek kelajakda ECC va quantum-safe prototiplar istiqbollari muhokama qilindi.

Аннотация. Пароксизмальная тахикардия — это внезапно возникающие и прекращающиеся эпизоды учащенного сердцебиения. Эти состояния обусловлены различными механизмами нарушения электрической активности сердца и могут иметь как наджелудочковое, так и желудочковое происхождение. В статье рассматриваются патофизиологические основы пароксизмальных тахикардий, их классификация, клинические проявления, методы диагностики и современные подходы к терапии.

Abstract. Currently, in many developed countries, the digital economy and the factors of their development have a significant impact, and the digital economy plays an important role in the life of society. The theoretical aspects of the systematic approach to the assessment of the development of the agricultural economy through the digital economy are highlighted.

Аннотация. Современный этап развития криминалистики характеризуется стремительной трансформацией методов борьбы с преступностью, обусловленной технологическим прогрессом и усложнением криминальных схем. Актуальность исследования связана с необходимостью оперативного внедрения инновационных инструментов в процесс осмотра места происшествия (ОМП). Рост киберпреступности, использование преступниками «умных» устройств и цифровых следов, а также требования к минимизации человеческого фактора в расследовании диктуют потребность в модернизации технико-криминалистического арсенала. Особую значимость приобретают вопросы обеспечения достоверности доказательств в условиях ужесточения процессуальных норм. Цель исследования – систематизировать и проанализировать возможности современных технико-криминалистических средств, применяемых на стадии ОМП, с акцентом на их практическую эффективность. В работе рассматриваются не только технологические аспекты, но и методические подходы интеграции новых инструментов в деятельность следственных органов. Исследование в научной статье направлено на формирование научно-практической базы для оптимизации использования технико-криминалистических средств в условиях цифровой трансформации криминалистики.

2-tur  qandli  diabet  (T2QD)  bilan  og‘rigan  bemorlarda  metformin  eng  ko‘p 
qo‘llaniladigan preparatlardan biri hisoblanadi. Uning uzoq muddatli qabul qilinishi 
ba'zi  holatlarda  vitamin  B12  darajasining  pasayishiga,  natijada  gipergomosistein 
darajasining ortishiga olib keladi. Bu holat yurak-qon tomir, neyropatik va kognitiv 
asoratlarga sabab bo‘lishi mumkin. 
Gomosistein  —  bu  organizmda  metionin  almashinuvi  natijasida  hosil 
bo‘ladigan aminokislota bo‘lib, uning me’yordan ortiq darajada to‘planishi yurak-qon 
tomir  kasalliklari,  asab  tizimi  buzilishlari,  homiladorlikdagi  asoratlar  va  hatto 
onkologik holatlar bilan bog‘liqdir. 

“GMZ-2”ning hududida muqobil energiya manbalari imkoniyatlari atroflicha tahlil qilingan. Quyidagi tahliliy taklifda zavod sharoitida quyosh va shamol imkoniyatlari o‘rganilgan va korxona sharoitida elektr iste’molchilarning energiya samaradorligini oshirish uchun mikro SHES qurilmasidan unumli foydalanish taklifi keltirilgan

Annotatsiya: Mazkur maqolada ishlab chiqarish jarayonida yuzaga keladigan xavfli omillar, ularning turlari, inson salomatligiga ta’siri va ularni aniqlashda zamonaviy monitoring texnologiyalarining o‘rni tahlil qilinadi. Real vaqt rejimidagi monitoring tizimlari – IoT, sensorlar, dasturiy platformalar orqali xavflarni oldindan aniqlash va oldini olish imkoniyatlari yoritiladi. Shuningdek, zamonaviy monitoring usullarining samaradorligi va ishlab chiqarishda xavfsizlikni ta’minlashdagi ahamiyati ilmiy jihatdan asoslab beriladi.

Статья посвящена комплексному анализу методик преподавания корейского языка, охватывающему как традиционные, так и современные подходы. Рассматриваются грамматико-переводный и коммуникативный методы, возможности использования цифровых технологий и смешанных форм обучения, включая модель перевернутого класса. Особое внимание уделяется роли этнокультурного компонента в формировании межкультурной компетенции обучающихся. Автор подчеркивает необходимость интеграции различных методических стратегий для повышения эффективности учебного процесса. Представлены перспективы развития методик обучения с учетом цифровизации образования и индивидуальных потребностей учащихся.

Abstract: The teaching of mathematics in schools is a cornerstone of modern education, yet remains a challenging endeavor across diverse educational systems. This article explores contemporary strategies for teaching mathematics that emphasize conceptual understanding, contextual relevance, and competency development. Drawing from international research and classroom practices, it highlights pedagogical innovations, the role of technology, and the importance of culturally responsive teaching. The aim is to inspire a global shift toward mathematics education that is meaningful, equitable, and effective for all learners.