Vol. 4 No. 6/S (2023)

This article discusses the special importance of science museums for the development of science. Contains information about the meaning, nature, possibilities of science museums and the processes of their formation in Uzbekistan

In the article, the matchmaking ceremony of the Tsakhurs, who live in the Sheki-Zagatala region of Azerbaijan and are distinguished by the uniqueness of their ethnic-national traditions, was investigated from an ethnographic point of view. Here, in the process of matchmaking, the arrival of matchmakers with gifts to the girl's house, their respectful reception, “chorakkasdi” (dividing bread), “shirin chay ichme” (drinking sweet tea) ceremonies after  ”sozaldı” (getting word) and “aldım-verdim” (bought and gave) and preparations for engagement were also involved in the study. In the article, the author analyzed the specific ethnographic features of the Tsakhur matchmaking ceremony in the past and modern times using historical determinism, comparative-historical, descriptive, and systematic methods.

The article analyzes the health care of mothers and children, the provision of medical services to them, birth rates and death rates in the Andijan region.

This article provides information about the illegal activities of the investigative team of the USSR Central Prosecutor during the repression of the "Cotton affair" in the Navoi region, and its negative impact on the socio-economic life of the society, causing serious tragic consequences. Illegal activities of the investigative team of the USSR Central Prosecutor in the Navoi region were scientifically analyzed on the basis of archival materials, memories of repression victims and other sources.

This article clarifies the role of the republics in a single national economy and ensures the specialization of all regions in the interests of the country using the Soviet method of economic zoning. The economic policy of the Soviet state and its connection with the national economy of the republic are analyzed, which contributes to the improvement of methodological approaches and theoretical conclusions regarding the consequences of this policy.

This article analyzes the new demographic situation that has developed by identifying the nature of socio-economic processes that took place in the industrialized cities of Uzbekistan during the years of independence by studying the demography of the cities of the Tashkent region.

This article discusses archaeological sites located in the Sox River basin, issues related to their registration, and systematization. Information about historical monuments was collected by various researchers based on many years of archaeological research, the results of geological exploration and subsequent work in this area, as well as research conducted by the author. At the same time, landscape and archaeological studies based on spatial analysis have been carried out in the field of research using GIS applications, which are modern research tools in archaeology. As a result, more than 10 unknown archaeological sites were identified registered, and systematized. Based on the collected data, estimates were made in connection with the formation of the anthropogenic landscape in the territory, the conditions of the spread of early human populations, the factors of the emergence of early peasant communities, the development of the urbanization process, and the deep decline of the early Middle Ages.

At the end of the 19th century - the beginning of the 20th century European medical institutions, paramedical outpatient clinics, women's hospitals and their management were created on the territory of Turkestan, in particular in the Fergana region. In the article, based on the analysis of archival materials, periodicals and scientific literature, the activities and main problems of the first medical institutions are considered.

In this article, 263 people from Uzbekistan, were presented to the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, but for some reason were not awarded, for their courage in the fight against German fascism in Europe and the Japanese militarists in the Far East and in various regions Asia during the Second World War, provides information about 24 Uzbek soldiers called up for military service from Central Asia, Russia and Ukraine.

This article covers the history of medical aviation in the Uzbek SSR in 1924-1975. It lists the establishment of medical aviation, the establishment of the first sanitary aviation stations in the USSR, the activities, goals and objectives of medical aviation in the Uzbek SSR, the work carried out by medical aviation, data on the transports used, and statistical figures.

This article analyzes some issues of the history of the development of cotton growing in the Ferghana region during the colonial period from the point of view of source studies based on archival documents.

This article discusses water resources and transboundary water bodies, basins and networks. At the same time, water networks flowing along the border of the countries of the world, as well as the Central Asian countries, and the issues stipulated in international agreements, and mutual agreements in their use have a wide place. In particular, international agreements adopted in recent years on the establishment of mutual relations between the countries of the world regarding this issue contain information

In 2021-2022, as a result of research conducted in the southern regions of Uzbekistan, a number of petroglyphs were discovered. This article discusses the content of petroglyphs, development techniques, comparative analysis and chronology.

With the help of primary sources, periodicals and scientific literature, the article analyses the inter-ethnic conflicts that took place in the Fergana region in the last years of Soviet power and the reasons for these inter-ethnic problems.

Implementation of e-commerce in retail enterprises in Uzbekistan and evaluation of existing ones, digital marketing from competition, growing internet users, penetration and impact of social networks on our socio-economic activities, positive and negative sides of e-commerce, e-commerce, foreign retail brands explained in the example. Recommendations and suggestions for use in e-commerce were also presented.   

This article analyzes the historical development of the telemedicine service, its characteristics, and its main aspects, as well as the opinions of scientists. The indicators of telemedicine on the platforms of foreign countries and leading service platforms were also studied. Issues of legal regulation of telemedicine in the experience of foreign countries are discussed. The bases of legal regulation of telemedicine are determined and the author's conclusions are given

This article reviews the current legislation in the sphere of cryptocurrency regulation in Uzbekistan. The main emphasis is given on government outlook, the functions and role of the regulatory body, the direction of regulation, basic used terms and definitions, taxation of the subjects of the cryptocurrency market. This article will benefit the experts working in the cryptocurrency legislation.

The article highlights the similar and distinctive features of the legislation of Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan and Georgia in the area of responsibility for the illegal circulation of potent and toxic substances based on a comparative legal analysis of criminal liability established for the specified illegal act. Based on the results of the analysis, the author puts forward proposals aimed at improving the effectiveness of the fight against offenses related to these substances.

This article analyzes the issues related to the classification of pyrotechnic articles and its legal basis. the article analyzes issues such as the division of pyrotechnic articles into fire, explosion-related pyrotechnic articles, and explosion-fire-hazardous pyrotechnic articles based on the description of the processes that occur during their pyrotechnic composition and chemical changes.

In this article, the author explains a number of differences between crimes committed via the Internet from crimes committed in everyday life from a practical point of view. Each of them proves the opinion using practical examples to justify it. It also performs analysis using statistical data. This means a better understanding of cybercrime, as well as the permissibility of actions in the investigation process with a correct assessment of the degree of public danger of the crime. At the same time, the author provides valuable information on how to investigate cybercrime and how to protect it effectively using his personal views, as well as scientifically based resources. The article consists of an introduction, an analysis of problems, practical suggestions, as well as parts of the conclusion.

This article describes the causes of juvenile suicide and the characteristics of the conditions that make it possible. In addition, the article analyzes the opinions of scientists about the reasons for the suicide of minors and the conditions that made it possible and gave relevant suggestions and recommendations.

Directors play a crucial role in the governance and management of corporations. Under English law, directors are subject to a set of general duties designed to promote accountability, transparency, and sound decision-making. This article provides an overview of the general duties of directors under English law, discussing each duty in detail and analyzing relevant case law. The analysis aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of the legal obligations imposed on directors and their implications for corporate governance in the United Kingdom.

This article considers issues related to crimes committed against public order as a type of public disorder. Furthermore, it presents the viewpoints and observations of scholars regarding the concept of "public disorder" and provides suggestions and recommendations concerning this notion.

In accelerated digitalization, legal obligations in social networks are becoming a key aspect of civil law. They are a complex issue that requires the continuous adaptation of legislation to the rapidly changing digital world. The general characteristics of these legal relationships are determined by the terms of use and the user agreement that govern the relationship between the user and the social network. This study highlights the importance of studying and regulating the law of obligations in the context of social networks in order to ensure fairness, protect user rights, and effectively function in the digital society.

This article discusses in detail the specific features of the pro bono institution, its origin, and its historical path of development. It also highlights the importance of pro bono in civil courts, its practical application and implementation, as well as the role it plays in international law and domestic legal practice. Particular attention is paid to the system and mechanisms for improving legal practice and pro bono tools. In the course of the study, an analysis was made of the experience of many foreign countries in this area.

This article analyzes the procedure for protecting the freedom of scientific research at the constitutional level. Many countries guarantee the freedom of science at the constitutional level. But the freedom of science in different meanings is enshrined in the constitutions of countries. The different ways in which constitutions deal with scientific research influence how they deal with some of the most important issues related to freedom of research. In addition, the article proposes to study the protection of the right to science at the legislative level.

This article highlights the issues of licensing the activities of agents in sports. There are various types of licensing, certification, registration or accreditation applied at the national and international level for the activities of sports agents.

In this article, the role of the International Labor Organization in finding solutions to the problems that arise in the era of globalization. The history of the development of the International Labor Organization and its role in the Republic of Uzbekistan are highlighted.

This article provides an overview of global medical law and the field of health. It examines the historical origins of the industry and the factors that contribute to its modern evolution. In addition, the article briefly discusses the nature and importance of international law and the contribution of international organizations to the codification of global health law. The role of the World Health Organization (WHO) in the modern development of international law will be considered in connection with examples of legislation

‘Islamic law’ covers all aspects of human behavior. It is much wider than the Western understanding of ‘law’, and governs ‘the Muslim’s way of life in literally every detail and, of course, it also regulates commercial transactions. It follows that the Islamic conceptual framework is quite unlike that of Christianity in which law is secular. There is no Christian law of contract, for example, no Christian law of property, whereas bodies of law dealing with such matters do exist in the shari’a –the ‘legal’ verses of the Koran and the traditions of the Prophet. The shari’a has long been abandoned and substituted by Western law. However, as a result of the Islamic revival, the possibility of adapting the shari’a to the modern world has been considered recently.

This article analyzes the concept and features of the welfare state. In particular, an analysis was made of the theoretical statements of both foreign jurists and our compatriots on the issue of the social state and its features. The article states that the term "welfare state" was first introduced into scientific circulation in 1850 by the German scientist Lorenz von Stein. Also, in accordance with the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, for the first time, it was recognized as a social state.

This article discusses the institutional foundations of gender legal expertise. In particular, taking into account the opinions of various scientific schools, an analysis is given of the concept of institutional foundations both as a system category and broken down into individual components, including organizational, structural nature. Information is provided on the formation, development and improvement of the institutional foundations of gender legal expertise through the prism of the evolved state bodies and the non-state sector, directly responsible and involved in the process of promoting gender policy.

The development of economic reforms in our country is a vital necessity for market relations. The Bankruptcy Institute as a means of ensuring the development of commodity-money relations based on market principles is one of the most urgent tasks. Although this relationship is not considered new, it is considered an institution that has not yet been thoroughly studied in the practice of law enforcement. During the study of the topic, court practice and legislation were studied.

The article presents the history of the development of criminal law on responsibility for crimes against morality. A comparative analysis of responsibility and punishment in relation to the types of crimes against morality and crimes committed in Ancient Egypt, Ancient Mesopotamia, and Ancient India, as well as states of the ancient period, among them: the criminal legislation of the countries of Athens, Rome, in addition, on the basis of codified provisions of the criminal law of medieval states. In addition, one of the historical monuments existing on the territory of our country is the Avesta, and with the spread of Islam that penetrated into the territory of our country, according to Muslim law, the issues of crimes against morality and responsibility were considered. Crimes such as prostitution, cohabitation, debauchery, polygamy, wife cheating, and grave desecration are common types of crimes against morality from ancient times to the present day. In addition, as social relations develop, the types of crimes against morality are also expanding, from which we can distinguish such crimes as the destruction of historical and cultural monuments, the distribution of pornographic products, and animal cruelty.

This article emphasizes that state bodies, especially judicial institutions, must strictly follow the norms of the Constitution in their work and develop work skills based on its principles. Each citizen, in turn, must also base their actions on the norms of the Constitution in the exercise and protection of their rights and interests.

The article covers theoretical and practical issues related to liability for violation of intellectual property rights, and ownership of creative thinking, which is becoming increasingly important today. In particular, the types and descriptions of administrative and criminal liability, as well as the features of civil liability and issues of practical application were analyzed. At the same time, relevant proposals were made to protect intellectual property, including the restoration of violated rights. In conclusion, conclusions are drawn about the need to ensure the protection of intellectual property rights in the digital environment in Uzbekistan, legal mechanisms, issues of the practical application of the norms of “international treaties”, and the role of organizations managing property rights on a collective basis.

This article comments on the issues of combating torture, statistics related to cases of torture, the organization of prosecutorial supervision over the implementation of legislation related to the fight against torture, and ensuring the legitimate interests of persons with limited freedom.

 In this article, positive progress has been observed in the fight against corruption in our country in recent years, including the launch of the "Corruption-free sector" project based on the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on May 27, 2019 "On measures to further improving the system of fighting corruption in the Republic of Uzbekistan". It is the main focus of this process is on reducing the possibility of committing corrupt acts, that this experience is also having good results in the higher and secondary special education system, in order to make the admission process to higher educational institutions transparent and fair based on the "Higher Education Corruption Free Zone" program, first of all, the process of applying for the bachelor's degree that it will be implemented online, and the details of the work carried out in recent years to prevent corruption in the higher and secondary special education system of our country.

The article analyzes the issue of the legal nature of the software development contract. The groundlessness of the opinion on the attribution of such a contract to a contract type is noted. It is concluded that current legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan does not provide for a named, in a "classic" form, a contract for software development, i.e. there are no special rules yet that would regulate these contractual relations. The specified contract, although it has specifics arising from its object, outwardly bringing it closer to contract-type contracts, but the features analyzed in the article do not affect the legal nature of the contract. The registration of the program and database is also analyzed. The judicial practice of developed countries and a comparative analysis with the national one is analyzed. At the same time, the norms of national legislation in the field of intellectual property are highlighted, which largely corresponds to international standards, but in practice still requires many improvements.

The article analyzes the concept of legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime, and proposes a number of measures to improve it.

This article discusses various aspects of the new Labor Code, adopted on October 28, 2022, and entered into force on April 30 current year.

In this scientific work, scientific research aimed at studying foreign experience in introducing effective technologies into the national civil service system is considered one of the topical issues of today. It is also devoted to clarifying the basis of the ongoing reforms in terms of the administrative reform of the state system and the modernization of the civil service system in New Uzbekistan, as well as improving the civil service system based on the use of innovative technologies.

This article discusses the experience of Germany, South Korea, the UAE and Malaysia in the training and retraining of managerial personnel in the public service. The experience of educational technologies and organizational activities of leading educational institutions for the training of civil servants in these countries was also analyzed in detail.

This scientific article explores the concept and essence of digitalization scientifically. In addition, a theoretical and legal analysis of legal documents was carried out, which are the legal basis for the introduction of digitalization and its implementation in Uzbekistan.

This article allows us to identify the most common features of the internal structure of the apparatuses of parliaments of various countries, reveal the structural unit’s characteristic of the apparatuses of parliaments, with the help of which organizational, informational and logistical support for the activities of parliamentarians is carried out. It separately reflects the activities of the relevant structural units.

This paper will closely look through all possible reasons for cybercrime, discuss those who commit the crime, bring some current actions which are being taken against online frauds, and propose some possible preventative regulations which may help to decrease the number of cybercrimes.

This article analyzes the issues of criminal liability for crimes committed by persons acting jointly. The author draws attention to different views on the crimes committed by jointly acting persons and expresses his opinion. In addition, the article presents ideas about the theory of compatibility of responsibility of persons acting jointly.

The article describes some considerations on the analysis of objective signs of crimes related to the use and protection of land by the author. The author also notes that today the land and its use are of strategic importance. Nevertheless, cases of violation of the procedure for the protection and rational use of land, which is our national wealth, by subjects, officials and citizens operating economic activities on the basis of various forms of ownership in a market economy, have appeared in practice in many cases. The main reason for this is the insufficient level of environmental legal consciousness and culture of the subjects of law, the absence of gaps in the relevant legislation, the formation of a mechanism for the implementation of existing legislation into life. This leads to various violations in the field of land use. In this respect, it is important to research objective signs of an act in determining the responsibility for this type of crime. The author investigated this topic, substantiating the appropriateness of the inclusion of a rule that states that a person who committed the crime of selling a right to a plot of land or part of it or illegally giving it to another person can be released from criminal liability if he confesses to his guilt, reconciles with the victim and eliminates the damage caused.

This article analyzes the concept, purpose, and tasks of corruption prevention in the field of public education. The article examines the theoretical views of national and international scientists who have conducted research on this topic on corruption and corruption in the field of public education from a scientific and legal point of view, and the author's position regarding them is expressed. The author's definition of "corruption in the field of public education" and "corruption risk" has been also developed in the article. Based on the conclusions obtained as a result of the research, the author defined the tasks of preventing corruption in the field of public education.

In this article, the author talks about the importance of expenses in criminal proceedings, their application, and the procedure for recovery of costs. A number of proposals and recommendations have also been developed.

The article analyzes liability for smuggling in the CIS countries from a comparative legal point of view, in particular, the object and subject, the objective side, aggravating circumstances, and the type and amount of punishment. At the same time, general and various aspects of responsibility for smuggling in the CIS countries are revealed.

The article deals with the constitutional and legal foundations of the activities of trade unions, the procedure for exercising the right of citizens to join trade unions, the formation of trade unions, the organization of their activities, the activities of trade unions aimed at expressing and protecting the socio-economic rights and interests of workers.

This article highlights the specific features of teaching special subjects in professional educational institutions, as well as the role and importance of teaching special subjects in the professional training of future specialists. The function of special subjects in the process of professional training and the uniqueness of the teaching methodology of special subjects were discussed. The article concludes that special subjects are considered the basis of professional training and require a systematic and integrative approach and appropriate teaching and learning methodology.

This article discusses the tasks of creating a national system aimed at assessing the level of literacy of students in reading, mathematics and natural sciences by conducting international research in the field of assessing the quality of education in the public education system of the republic, what skills the modern information society requires for the development of natural science literacy of secondary school students, factors for achieving high results in the international evaluation study of Pisa, educational programs aimed at improving the level of literacy of students, advanced foreign experience in the system, the issues of improving the evaluation system based on international criteria and requirements are considered.

This article describes consistently the essence, goals and objectives of teaching class hours to students in grades X-XI and the ways in which class hours are organized.

This article presents a scientific analysis of the emergence of various threats and risks in the era of information and global trends. The adoption of social, political and informational measures against non-traditional threats is interpreted as one of the main directions of state policy. Based on the analyzed theoretical and practical sources, scientifically substantiated conclusions are drawn.

The article deals with the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of professional competencies by means of multimedia electronic educational resources, in addition to personal growth, the ability to solve problems that arise in real-life situations, one's own knowledge, study, and life experience, opportunities for the development of professional competencies through values ​​and interests.

This article discusses the features of high school students as a social group and their value-semantic orientations in modern society. The possibility of developing a harmoniously developed personality by means of fitness technologies using innovative techniques and methods when performing exercises is highlighted. Theoretical foundations of fitness as a technology of physical culture in high school, as well as an integrated approach to the improvement and development of the body, are analyzed.

In a higher educational institution, the main means of achieving the goal is to develop the ability of students to work independently and receive continuous education. Higher education is becoming a key factor in shaping the ability of a future teacher to receive continuous professional education and achieve goals in professional activity. This article notes that this approach has significant advantages in the process of attracting highly qualified specialists to the phased training.      

The research of the historical process of all periods based on real cases, the analysis of resources related to this time period, data visualization and, of course, comparative analysis are indispensable approaches to the study of historical science. Educational reforms are an important aspect of any time period. In the history of our country, the issue of eradicating illiteracy was actively discussed at the initial stage of the Russian colonial period, and state policy reached the level of the formation of reasonable laws.

This article discusses the improvement of the content of the development of research competencies among graduate students. In the process of studying at the university and subsequent professional development, special attention is paid to ensuring that undergraduates are aware of the content of scientific approaches, concepts, theories, and the latest scientific achievements in their field.

This article analyzes the theoretical aspects of the patriotic education of students, which reveals the essential characteristics of the concept of "patriotism" and "patriotic education", and reveals the range of views on this phenomenon. Patriotism is considered as an integrative quality of the personality, including patriotic consciousness, patriotic orientation of the personality, and patriotic behavior.

At present, when we unite to achieve the great goal of “From National Revival to National Uplift” and start a new era of development, the priorities adopted along this path should become the real basis of the New Renaissance of New Uzbekistan. It is no secret that in the era of globalization, inter-regional struggle and competition in the world political arena is intensifying. Some countries try to subordinate other countries to their sphere of influence for socio-political purposes, to curb their freedom and independence, especially the roots of social thinking and development. We all know that they are mobilizing a lot of energy and money to achieve continental hegemony under wild labels and empty ideological pretensions. In this article, we will focus on it.

This article analyzes the reforms carried out in recent years to improve the activities of local executive authorities and the work carried out in the legislation in this area. The author also made proposals to improve the draft law “On Local Executive Power”.

The present article is about the history and typology of international organizations, their functions and role in world politics, in ensuring peace, security and sustainable development of States

This article analyzes the scientific interpretations of its management function by examining the state as a political institution. Its importance in the decentralization of management has been studied scientifically. Also, the existing approaches to decentralization, their types and forms, main features, specific content, and dynamics are highlighted.