Том 1 № 2 (2025)

 The article discusses the role of food symbols in English culture. "Food" is a separate cultural sphere, which is a unique language - the language of culture. Here, spiritual content finds its expression in material forms, and the text in this language is considered only on the basis of cultural-historical associations. In this regard, in this article we will consider gastronomic or gluttonic discourse on the material of the English language. Cooking is the art of cooking, which is one of the oldest branches of human activity. Over many centuries, the interests and gastronomic habits of each people were formed: over time, national dishes were created. Today, each nation has its own national cuisine, which is an integral part of any national culture and is distinguished by its unique, distinctive national dishes.

 Mazkur maqolada neologizmlarning shakllanish jarayonlari va ularning semantik mexanizmlari chuqur tahlil etiladi. Neologizmlar til tizimida metaforizatsiya, metonimiyalashuv va semantik ko‘chish kabi usullar orqali yuzaga keladi. Bu jarayonlar so‘z ma’nosining kengayishi, torayishi hamda yangi kontekstlarda qo‘llanilishi orqali tilning boyishiga xizmat qiladi. Tadqiqotda diaxronik va sinxronik yondashuvlar asosida neologizmlarning tarixiy rivoji hamda zamonaviy til tizimidagi o‘rni yoritib berilgan. Shuningdek, semantik dinamika jarayoni, ya’ni so‘zlarning semantik mazmun jihatidan o‘zgarishi ham ko‘rib chiqilgan. Ingliz tilida texnologik va ijtimoiy neologizmlarning shakllanishi, ularning o‘zbek tiliga o‘zlashuvi hamda til madaniyatiga ta’siri keng tahlil qilingan. Globalizatsiya va xalqaro madaniy aloqalarning neologizmlar shakllanishiga ko‘rsatgan ta’siri, shuningdek, o‘zbek tilida ularning mahalliylashuvi va madaniy kontekstda paydo bo‘lishi misollar bilan asoslangan. Maqola neologizmlarning til taraqqiyotidagi semantik, madaniy va ijtimoiy ahamiyatini ochib beradi.

 Ushbu maqola o‘zbek va ingliz tillarida sadoqat tushunchasini ifodalovchi ustun semalarni tadqiq etadi. Madaniy ildizli leksik birliklar va metaforik iboralarni tahlil qilish orqali, tadqiqot har bir tilda sadoqatning lisoniy jihatdan ifodalanishining ham umumbashariy, ham o‘ziga xos madaniy xususiyatlarini ochib beradi. Tadqiqotda asosiy semantik maydonlar, metaforik modellar va pragmatik jihatlarni yoritish uchun qiyosiy-semantik va kognitiv-pragmatik yondashuvlardan foydalanilgan. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, garchi ikkala til ham hissiy va xulq-atvorga oid semalarga tayanishi aniqlangan bo‘lsa-da, o‘zbek tilida jamoaviy va ma’naviy fidoyilikka urg‘u beriladi, ingliz tilida esa sadoqat ko‘pincha individualistik va shartnomaviy metaforalar orqali ifodalanadi.

 Ushbu maqolada  Abdulla Oripovning she'rlarida tinish belgilarining  ishlatilishi tahlil qilinadi. Tinish belgilarining to'g'ri va mahorat bilan qo'llanilishi, she'rlarda ma'no, ritm va ohangni yaratishda katta ahamiyatga ega. Muallif vergul, nuqta va soʻroq  kabi tinish belgilarini fikrlarni ajratish, ma'no qatlamlarini boyitish va dramatik ta'sir yaratish uchun ishlatadi.  Natijada, tinish belgilarining o'zgacha va mahorat bilan qo'llanilishi, Abdulla Oripov she'riyatining badiiyligini kuchaytiradi va o'quvchining hissiy tajribasini yanada chuqurlashtiradi.  Maqolada bundan tashqari oʻzbek tilida tinish belgilarining ahamiyati, fikrni aniq ifodalashga va oʻqishni osonlashtirishga yordam berishi hamda tinish belgilarining matn mazmunini ochib berishdagi roli haqidagi fikrlar ham mavjud. Maqola oxirida xulosa berilgan.

 Formal English texts, such as legal documents, administrative reports, and academic writings, are governed by strict linguistic conventions. Beyond their overt clarity and precision, these texts often encode hidden or implicit meanings through pragmatic devices. This article examines the pragmatic characteristics of formal English texts, focusing on how politeness strategies, mitigation, indirectness, presuppositions, and implicates contribute to the deeper layers of communication. Examples from authentic formal documents illustrate the balance between explicitness and pragmatic subtlety.

The digitalization of philological education has fundamentally transformed the methods and tools used in the teaching of language, literature, and translation. With the advent of new technological instruments, philology has become more accessible and dynamic. However, this transformation has also introduced challenges, such as preserving the traditional depth of literary studies, ensuring the integrity of language teaching, and maintaining the quality of translation work. This article examines how the digital revolution is affecting philological education, particularly in the areas of linguistics, literary studies, and translation, and critically assesses both the opportunities and the emerging problems. It emphasizes the need for a balanced approach that harmonizes technological advances with the irreplaceable humanistic aspects of philological education.

 Ushbu maqola O‘rta asr Sharq ulamolarining matematika faniga qo‘shgan ulkan hissasini Al-Xorazmiy, Umar Xayyom va Nasiruddin Tusiy misolida tahlil qiladi. Ularning hayoti, ilmiy faoliyati va algebra, geometriya, trigonometriya hamda astronomiyaga qo‘shgan yangiliklari batafsil yoritiladi. Maqola ulamolar merosining zamonaviy matematika va texnologiyalarga ta’sirini zamonaviy yondashuv bilan ko‘rib chiqadi va Sharq matematikasining jahon fanidagi o‘rnini ochib beradi.

 Ushbu maqola O‘rta asr Sharq ilmiy an’analarida matematika va mantiq fanlarining tilshunoslik bilan o‘zaro bog‘liqligini Al-Xorazmiy, Al-Farobiy va Ibn Sino ijodi misolida tahlil qiladi. Al-jabrning tizimli yondashuvi, mantiqiy tahlil usullari va tilning ma’no tuzilishi o‘rtasidagi aloqa chuqur yoritiladi. Maqola Sharq olimlarining ushbu fanlarni birlashtirishdagi hissasini zamonaviy nuqtai nazardan ko‘rib chiqadi, ularning sun’iy intellekt, tabiiy tilni qayta ishlash va kognitiv ilmlardagi ahamiyatini ochib beradi. Sharq ilmining Yevropa faniga ta’siri aniq misollar bilan ko‘rsatiladi.

Ushbu maqola O‘rta asr Sharq matematikasida al-jabr (algebra) fanining paydo bo‘lishini va uning jahon fanidagi muhim o‘rnini Al-Xorazmiy, Al-Kindiy va Ibn Turk ijodi misolida tahlil qiladi. Al-jabrning dastlabki shakllari, tenglamalarni yechish usullari va ularning Yevropa matematikasiga ta’siri chuqur yoritiladi. Maqola Sharq matematikasining global fan rivojiga qo‘shgan hissasini zamonaviy nuqtai nazardan ko‘rib chiqib, al-jabrning bugungi informatika va muhandislikdagi ahamiyatini ochib beradi.

 Ushbu maqolada milliy-madaniy xususiyatlarning frazeologik birliklarning mazmuni va tuzilishiga ta’siri yoritilgan. Diniy e’tiqodlar, urf-odatlar, qadriyatlar va obrazlar frazemalarning shakllanishi va qo‘llanilishida qanday rol o‘ynashi misollar asosida tahlil qilingan. Maqolada tarjima jarayonida yuzaga keladigan madaniy tafovutlar ham yoritilgan.

Har bir xalq tilshunosligida o‘z ona tilini va uning milliy tabiatini saqlab qolish asosiy vazifa hisoblanadi. Globallashuv jarayonining jadallashuvi, internetning taraqqiy etishi natijasida xalqlar o‘rtasidagi madaniy aloqalarning mustahkamlanishi sharoitida o‘zlashma qatlam so‘zlari, ularning xususiyatlarini o‘rganish dolzarb masalalardan hisoblanadi. Tillarning madaniyatlararo munosabatlardagi ahamiyati ortib borishi sharoitida ularning o‘z ontologik xususiyatlarini saqlab qolishi, faol leksikada o‘z qatlam so‘zlari darajasini oshirish, sun’iy intellekt dasturlarida shu qatlamga oid so‘zlarni manba sifatida qo‘llanishini ta’minlash masalalari tilshunoslar oldidagi zamonaviy masalalar sirasiga kiradi.

 В статье рассматривается актуальность художественного перевода как ценного инструмента в сравнительном языкознании. Анализируется специфика художественного текста и выявляются лингвистические аспекты, доступные для исследования через призму перевода. Особое внимание уделяется роли переводчика как посредника между культурами и языками, а также проблемам сохранения художественной ценности оригинала при переводе. Предлагаются методологические подходы к использованию художественного перевода для изучения лексических, грамматических, стилистических и культурологических особенностей сравниваемых языков.

 Lexical doublets are pairs of words in the same language that have a common etymological origin but have entered the language through different routes or at different times, often developing distinct meanings. In English, these doublets enrich the lexicon, add stylistic variety, and reflect the complex history of linguistic contact, especially with Latin, French, and Germanic sources. This article explores the historical, semantic, and stylistic significance of lexical doublets in English and their relevance to language learners and linguists.