Catalog of abstracts

The topicality' and demand of the subject of the dissertation. Over the last decades in the global economy, especially in the framework of the global economic and financial crisis theoretical views regarding the role of participation of small business in economic development as well as the role of the state in regulating the economy have radically changed. According to the reports of International Monetary Fund (IMF), “Nowadays in the world 90% of enterprises belonging to small and medium businesses, employ 63% of the world population. In terms of the European Union, the overall proportion of small and medium businesses account for 99,8 per cent, ensuring employment to 85 percent of the population that are involved in the formation of only 58 percent of the value added».1
Since the first years of independence the development of small business and private entrepreneurship in our country has been determined to be an important factor in ensuring socio-economic development. “Speaking about it, it is necessary to emphasize the formation of strong legislation and legal framework and their continuous improvement, systematic assistance by the government in the modernization and technical and technological re-equipment of production, providing preferences and privileges for business». 2 The government has implemented systematic measures to regulate this sector, in particular, the measures aimed at increasing share in employment and gross domestic product, improving the technological structure, satisfaction of needs in credit resources and create a favorable business environment have been undertaken. As a result of these important reforms by the end of 2015- achieved the following performance has been achieved: 56,5% the share of small business and private entrepreneurship in the gross domestic product share is 40,6%, the share of agriculture production was 98,4%, and the volume of investments in the fixed capital has reached 35,8%. In addition, currently 77,9% of the employed population are working in the sphere of small business and private entrepreneurship.
Improving the economic mechanisms for regulating small business by the government, as well as enhancing the efficiency of these processes, determining the criteria for a number of employees in small business as the object of the regulation by the state, the creation of the favourable environment for small businesses, the effective use of monetary regulation mechanisms, enhancing its participation in foreign trade activities, creation of new jobs and the full use of the opportunities for increasing incomes, the activation of the implementation of innovative ideas and technologies are considered to be currently urgent issues. From this point of view, the topic of the doctoral research is relevant.
This doctoral research, to a certain extent, conduced the execution of the tasks determined by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № -4354 “On additional measures on forming maximum favourable business environment for further development of small business and private entrepreneurship” dated from August 24, 2011, as well as the Decree №-4725 “On measures to ensure reliable protection of private property, small business and private entrepreneurship, the removal of barriers to their accelerated development” dated from May 15, 2015, №-4848 “On additional measures to ensure the accelerated development of entrepreneurship, the full protection of private ownership and qualitative improvement of the business climate”, dated from October 5, 2016, as well as in the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 232 “On improvement of mechanisms of stimulating the development of small businesses” dated from May 27, and other legal documents concerning this activities.
The purpose of the research is to develop therotical, methotical and practical recommendations improving economic mechanisms of the state regulation of small businesses.
Scientific novelty' of the results of the study is the following:
the theoretical and methodological approach to determine such criteria of quantitative limits of the concepts of small business as “minimum effective level” and “functional equipment”, and the harmonization of the labour force with the latest added products have been substantiated;
the optimal terms of the process of the state registration of business entities have been determined; scientific and methodological aspects of improving the state regulation through the development of the activities of the special infrastructure services ensuring their effective implementation have been justified; improved methodological approach based on the implementation of the assessment system, as well as fixed assets, and leverage the effectiveness of the support and participation of subjects of small business and private entrepreneurship in raising the export potential of the regions have been developed;
economic mechanisms stimulating mutual interests of continuous involvement in the production of specialists trained in the field of employment promotion, while increasing the harmonious balance of demand and supply of labour in the economy through small businesses have been substantiated;
the methodology to assess the level of development of entrepreneurship environment on the basis of the compliance indicators of World Bank Doing Business rating have been developed;
the rating method of evaluating the degree of targeting of assistance in the preparation of the export agreement to support exports of small businesses and private entrepreneurship has been worked out.
Conclusion
1. Regulation of activity of small businesses’ activity, the effective implementation of the state economic policy in the process of support, freedom of activities and selection of entrepreneurship, self-management, initiative, prioritization of economic interests - all these principles, as well as the organization from the viewpoint of not causing damage to the motivational parties create opportunities for the rapid development of the industry.
2. With the aim of determining the object state settlement small businesses, the reliance on theoretical foundations of benchmarking the number of employed, in particular, added the product of labor, based on the concept of “minimum efficient scale” enterprise and number of employees of the company “bundling from the point of view of functionality” that will ensure the efficiency of the industry.
3. Forms and methods of the state regulation of activity of small businesses differ depending on the degree of development of the industry, it is necessary to use appropriate tools. If at the beginning of the development of the industry play an important role entrepreneurship training, assistance in preparation of business plan and advice, provision of various benefits, micro-lending, the next step is preferential crediting, leasing, creation of a system of safeguards, all medium-term loans in the next stage - provision of public order, assistance in entering foreign markets, attracting domestic and foreign investment. If at the initial stage of the development of small businesses development the mechanisms of the direct regulation are considered to be effective, with the further development of the role of indirect mechanisms of the state regulation increases.
4. The simplification of registration of business entities, in particular in reducing the time approached from the point of view of encouraging their greater organization, starting with the support of the ideas of businesses, examining their capabilities and to processes for the preparation of the necessary documents efficiently and in a short time, which is necessary to improve the activities of the special infrastructure services and enhance the mechanism of responsibility for their quality service. All these factors enable to expand the boundaries of state regulation of these processes and increase the efficiency.
5. In the framework of the state regulation of subjects of small business align with indicators Doing Business indicators of the national rating system that expresses the degree of development of the business environment, as well as evaluation of the ratio of their coverage, will have a tangible impact on the improvement of business conditions.
6. High level of effectiveness provide in determining benefits from the state to small businesses as an important structural part of the state economic policy in this process; this allows to reduce the incentive effects of benefits; use of consistent and mutual interconnectedness, benefits, based on the content of each form, it is necessary to use in each separate case the most efficient type of benefit; to constantly analyze the impact of benefits, to evaluate their effectiveness under changing conditions if the effect decreases, it is necessary to take timely measures to change them.
7. Taking into account the peculiarities of monetary policy in the state regulation of small businesses will create opportunities to improve the efficiency of these processes. Especially, it is appropriate resolution for the proper formation of needs for Bank loans from small businesses, stimulating these processes in the first place, to ensure the economic activity in the country a sufficient amount of money that is ensuring tasks of the economy monetization to an acceptable degree.
8. To improve the efficiency of lending to small businesses by commercial banks of the state influence should incorporate the following main activities: increasing the interest of commercial banks in lending to small businesses; use the levers of monetary policy of the Central Bank to encourage commercial banks in lending to small business; to stimulate an increase in special loan funds for granting preferential loans; to encourage the increase in the share of long-term loans in the credit portfolios of commercial banks.
9. The formation of the unified strategy to ensure the effective participation of each factor inherent in the product, enterprise, industry, region and macro environment, the promotion of foreign trade activities of small businesses is provided through the development of levers of regulation of the sector, region and macro-environment in exporting of goods. Here the method “Rating with respect of the reverse order” is used when assessing the targeting of the assistance provided in the drafting of export agreements creates the possibility of increasing the efficiency of these processes.
10. Simple process of organization of small businesses, their ability to quickly create new jobs with low capital intensity, the adoption of labor implementation of the quantitative result, a wide distribution of decent work and employment - all these aspects create additional opportunities to increase incomes and create a balance between supply and demand on the labour market. The introduction of economic mechanisms stimulating the recruitment, training and retraining centers employees completed professional training and retraining, improved methods of distribution by regions, identified in the State program quantities in the context of a rapidly changing market economy, especially in the structure of demand and supply labour under the influence of modernization processes and structural changes, it is possible to reduce the arising contradictions.
11. As a result of verification the methods of Gauss-Markov was determined by a multivariate regression model that has a statistical value, valid settings, no errors multicollinearity and heteroscedastic, showed one hundred to increase share in GDP small businesses to increase the number of businesses and volume of investments. Here, the important areas are the development of cooperative ties is a small business with large enterprises, the increase in employment in them, especially the increase of employment through creation of small businesses in rural areas.
12. The implementation of these proposals with state regulation of innovative activity of small business, in particular, the organization “Fund for modernization and innovation” in every major enterprise, with the objective of enhancing the participation of small business in innovation activities of a certain percentage of the Fund (for example, from 5 to 20%) to engage with innovative small businesses; minimizing costs for ITCI parent company for venture capital investment directed to cooperate with small businesses, selected large firms, exchange of technology, personnel and to effectively solve problems of engineering and technology, will create relatively strong cooperation ties between enterprises.

Topicality and relevance of the dissertation theme. Today, there is an increase of injury rate in the world as a result of the intensification of using modem transport vehicles, the development of various kinds of sports, as well as injuries in everyday life and at work, and deaths from mechanical injuries ranked the third place among all deaths. In Europe, more than 150,000 people die each year as a result of trauma, such as traffic accidents, falls from a height, etc. Mechanical abdominal injuries occur in 2-5% of cases.
From the first days of independence in our country in order to improve the quality of care systematic work on the implementation of effective health system models is conducted, as well as the targeted use of modem methods of diagnosis. In particular, the use of computed tomography and ultrasound diagnostics has improved the early diagnosis of abdominal blunt injuries. As a result, the life expectancy for men is from 67 to 73.5 and for women is up to 75.8 years.1
In world forensic practice, the problem to increase the effectiveness of expert evaluation of abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space injuries is associated with the need to develop such scientific targets as: to elaborate scientific bases of definition the severity of abdominal injuries and to determine the tactics of treatment in living individuals, to study the parenchymal (liver, spleen and kidney) abdominal injury mechanisms, interpretation of injury assessment considering mechano-genesis, injury relationship from influencing factors, the development of modem clinical and instrumental methods of injury investigation, the elaboration of mechanisms to identify morphological parameters of abdominal and retroperitoneal space injuries with lethal outcomes, substantiation of revealed morphological signs with parenchymal organ blunt injuries.
To a certain degree, this dissertation is the decision of the tasks provided for in the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «Law on the Judicial Review», in the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers №-1652 dated November 28, 2011 «On measures for further deepening of reforming the healthcare system» as well as in other legal instruments adopted in this area.
The aim of research work is to substantiate the criteria for legal diagnosis based on the study of clinical and instrumental and morphological features of the injuries of abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space with blunt abdominal trauma.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
first developed forensic criteria for liver, spleen and kidney injuries, allowing much probability to establish the type of traumatic exposure, the mechanism and circumstances of getting injured;
developed expert criteria to evaluate subcapsular bleedings of parenchymal organs, depending on the location and volume in living individuals;
substantiated expert criteria for severity assessment (light, moderate, severe) injuries with blunt injuries of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space;
improved mechanisms for forensic evaluation, improvement of the quality of forensic examination in blunt trauma of liver, spleen and kidneys;
worked out practical recommendations to improve the reliability of results of visual, morphological, clinical and instrumental methods of research at forensic examination in cases of liver, spleen and kidney injuries by blunt objects.
Conclusion
On the basis of studies on the doctoral dissertation on the theme "Forensic medical assessment of the injuries of the organs of abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space" the following conclusions are presented:
1. Injuries of the organs of abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space in the studied period of 2004-2015 y. accounted for 5.1 ± 0.2% of all injuries. Half of these cases (2.5%) are blunt abdominal trauma, of which 60% are injuries of the abdominal wall, 34.1% - injuries of parenchymal organs. Most of the injured-males (63%) aged 16-0 years. In the structure of types of traumas, predominate household (51.9%) and transportation (47.6%) injuries.
2. 90.9% of injuries are characterized by isolated and 9.1% - associated injuries. In the living individuals, severe bodily injuries are 11.8%, in lethal outcomes-97.7%. In blunt abdominal traumas the most frequent injuries of parenchymal organs are kidney injury (19.4%); liver injuries account for 7.9%, spleen - 6.7%.
3. The leading causes of injury are road traffic accidents (37.9-52.2%), fightings or beatings (12.6-28.7%), falls from height (12.6-19.1%). The severity of the injuries and their outcome depends on the cause and nature of the strength of acting blow, the site of its application, the surface of exposed area.
4. Liver injuries in the form of single subcapsular hemorrhages and ruptures the capsules and the liver parenchyma in the site of the direct blow are inherent to the action of blunt object with a limited surface, whereas in the action of unlimited surface multiple ruptures with elements of crushing are observed. In falling from a height subcapsular hemorrhages, ruptures of parenchyma and ligaments, as well as the separation from the body of the ligamentous apparatus are recorded most often. In compression of the body with blunt objects, distinguishing feature is the presence of central ruptures and crushing of the liver parenchyma.
5. Injuries of the spleen in blow with a blunt object limited in surface expressed in subcapsular hemorrhages, ruptures of the capsule and the parenchyma of the linear and star-shaped form in the area of the gate. Subcapsular hemorrhages and ruptures of the parenchyma of the spleen on the diaphragmatic surface are observed in blow in the area of the left side surface of the lower thorax and abdomen. Spleen injuries in the action of a blunt object with unlimited surface distinguished with multiplicity and localization both on diaphragmatic and visceral organ surfaces. Fragmentation, organ crushing and rupture of the vessel pedicle are characteristic for the compression of the body, whereas rupture of ligaments and parenchyma and organ destruction are most frequently observed in the fall from a height.
6. Kidneys injuries in the form of subcapsular hemorrhage, the ruptures of capsule and parenchyma, coming out from gate on a back surface of the kidneys observed in blow with a blunt object with limited surface in the lumbar area, whereas localization of ruptures on the front surface are observed in blow in hypochondrium. Multiple ruptures of the parenchyma on the back surface with the transition to the front, partial and complete avulsion, organ crushing are observed in the action of a blunt object with unlimited surface. Subcapsular hemorrhages and ruptures of the parenchyma in the gate, penetrate deeply into the organ tissue with massive hemorrhages in the retroperitoneal and perirenal tissue are observed in renal compression, while in a fall from height are observed focal subcapsular hemorrhages and ruptures in the gate area, penetrating deep into the organ with partial avulsion in the renal pedicle.
7. Medical criteria of qualifying features of injuries in traumas of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space are: crushing, avulsion and rupture through capsule of parenchymal abdominal organs unambiguously interpreted as serious injuries and require no further definition of life-threatening conditions; subcapsular hematoma in most cases are regarded as grievous bodily harm in cases of rupture of the capsule; subcapsular hematoma without violating the integrity of the capsule with rupture formation and subcapsular hematoma which not jeopardize the injured’s life are evaluated by the injury outcome.
8. Liver injuries are most commonly observed in lethal outcome (79.7%), while kidney injuries most frequently occur in living individuals (56.9%). More pronounced injuries of parenchymal organs, in the form of crushing and avulsion are found only in injured with a lethal outcome.
9. injuries of organs of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space in injured with lethal outcome most often occur in the automobile trauma and injury after falling from a height, while the beatings often recorded in living individuals; the main factor for adverse outcome are associated injuries of organs of abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space with the chest and head area, which are accompanied by multiple bilateral rib fractures, ruptures of the lung tissue, fractures of the skull with hemorrhages under the membrane and the brain substance; it is characteristic that liver injuries are most often observed in people with a lethal outcome, while kidney injuries most frequently occur in living individuals. More pronounced spleen injuries, as well as other parenchymal organs, in the form of crushing and avulsion are found only in injured with a lethal outcome.

Topicality and relevance of the theme of the dissertation. The growth trend in the occurcnce of diabetes mcllitus (DM) is associated with increased cholesterol and high blood sugar level, and the direct reasons for DM development arc to be abdominal obesity, genetic factors, gestational diabetes, chronic insulin rezistence, cellulose failure in dietary intake, overweight, high blood pressure and depression. The frequency of diabetes in the world makes up 4% of total population1.
To improve the medical care in population over the period of independence in the Republic the purposeful work on reducing disease diagnostics, mortality rate and disability is conducted. In particular, the measures for identification the causes of disability and mortality at DM and their connection with diabetic an-giopaty, retinopathy, nephropathy, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis arc carried out . There developed the new diagnostic methods of DM including the dcrmatoglyphic methods which enable to improvethe establishment of the causes of sudden and violent death. The taken measures have been already allowed to reduce the mortality ratefrom DM complications by 1,5-2%.
The problem of world forensic practice is to raise the efficacy of expert evaluation of DM connected with the necessity to work out such scientifical issues as: the improvement of the methods of pathomorphological diagnostics of DM and its afterwards as main reason for death; problems with no providing to investigating agencies the medical documents of lifetime state of health; absence of characteristics of morphological signs which arc specific to DM; absence of certain techniques to investigate corpses in cases of sudden death with suspicion for DM presence; identification of dcnnatoglyphic features that have information content and can be the basis for many issues in forensic medicine, forensic science, anthropology; the scientific substantiation of possibility of using dennato-glyphics to assess relief of blood vessels in a capillary bed, the assessment of genetic background of susceptibility to diabetes; identify the nature of correlation among individual graphic elements of skin pattern of the palm and the fingers; features of chromosome set in DM, the identification of possible morphogenetic, dcrmatoglyphic asymmetries in postmortem diagnosis of DM.
To a certain degree, this dissertation is the decision of the tasks provided for in the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «Law on the Judicial Review», in the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers №-1652 dated November 28, 2011 «On measures for further deepening of reforming the healthcare system» as well as in other legal instruments adopted in this area.
The aim of research work is to substantiate the use of dcrmatoglyphic criteria for the improvement of forensic medical examination of the corpses with DM.
The scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
substantiatedas the main signs of DM dcrmatoglyphic picture of hand, a thenar, hypothenar and intcrdigital angles atd in patients with DM;
developed the mechanism of forensic practice of post-mortem DM diagnosis and its complications by special program using estimation method to identify the features of dcrmatoglyphics of palmar surface of hand fingers, with a high degree of reliability for DM presence;
found that elevated level of glycated hemoglobin of venous blood is to be a basic reliable biochemical criterion to make preliminary forensic diagnosis «Diabetes mcllitus»;
proved that the level of glucose in cadaveric blood is not a reliable sign of intravital hyperglycemia;
systematized the set of informative morphological signs of DM considering the causes, nature and intensity of factoral loadings for the use in forensic studies, the ity of based on factor analysis has been.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of research on doctoral dissertation on «Expert evaluation of dcrmatoglyphics in diabetes mellitus» presented the following conclusions:
1. A retrospective analysis of forensic medical reports, as in the sudden and violent death, revealed the absence of the forensic medical diagnosis of diabetes as cause of death.
2. Of 18 elements of dcrmatoglyphics of men with diabetes and men with high fat component of body composition (FCBC), closely correlated with anthropometric and laboratory components, 10 elements were informative. Obtained results also indicate sex differences: in women with diabetes and women with high were revealed more elements of dcrmatoglyphics (23 versus 18 in men) and large asymmetry of finger and palm print which is considered as characteristic of sexual identity.
3. Obtained set of elements of dcrmatoglyphic picture established by analyzing the correlations of each of them with anthropometric and laboratory signs of diabetes and excess FCBC and subsequent isolation of elements characteristic for women and for men can be considered as a marker of individual susceptibility to diabetes.
4. Elevated levels of HBGL (over 12%) is a reliable biochemical criteria for post-mortem diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Blood FCBC does not depend on the duration of postmortem period. In patients with diabetes this indicator reflects the degree of compensation of diabetes during lifetime.
5. The level of sugar (glucose) in the blood of putrid due to post-mortem changes is not a reliable indication of hypo- or hyperglycemic lifetime and depends on the postmortem period.
6. The method of multivariate statistical analyzes (factorial and discriminant) was used in the most informative morphological signs of diabetes which can serve as additional criteria for the formulation of post-mortem diagnosis, i.e.:
- dramatically increased fatness
- dense convoluted vessels
- increased heart size
- excess fatty tissue under endocardium
- flabby myocardium
- the presence of atherosclerotic plaques in coronary vessels
- sharp induration of pancreas and its largc-lobulcd structure
- swollen pancreas capsule.
7. The algorithm of action for the forensic experts on the basis of dcrmatoglyphic, biochemical and morphological criteria was suggested, which allows to carry out post-mortem diagnosis of Type 2 DM.

The urgency and relevance of the theme of dissertation. XX century in the world linguistics is considered the time of formation of the history of language and its transformation into the independent discipline. This area, which studies the language of the ancient written sources in the diachronic aspect, is raising new challenges for science. The study of the lexical-semantic features of the ancient sources is from a number of selected issues. «Qisasi Rabghuzi» by Burkhoniddin Rabghuzi. which is equally valuable to all Turkic nations who live in the Middle Asia, occupies a special place in the world literature. Because this monument is one of the spiritual riches, which tells the story of the development of society in the Turkic language, also familiarize Turkic peoples with religious and educational values of the world. That’s why it is important to study of scientific issues related to the contribution of our great ancestors of the Uzbek and world spiritual treasury of scientific heritage, location and prestige of our native language at the international level, its relationships with other languages, the prospects of development of the Uzbek language and literature.
Independence gave a chance to study enormous spiritual heritage, rich history of our nation. As stated. «We have to emphasize, that independence gave us a chance in understanding our national mentality, our value, our customs, our holy religion Islam, to re-establish the names and heritage of our great antestors, saints and scientists, our pride, and to raise our children with our national and general human values»1.
XIII-XIV centuries were the difficult period in history of Turkic languages. In this period in the territories of Middle Asia and Golden Horde the number of masterpieces was written, and their language peculiarities differed from each other, and phonetic, lexical, and morphological features of Oghuz-Qipchaq, Qarluq-Uyghur groups were reflected in all of them. The majority of these works were the basis of the foundation of Uzbek literary language. One of them is «Qisasi Rabghuzi». Various lexical units of such fields as social politics, social-economics, military, culture, religion, daily life, occupation and handicraft, geography of our ancestors lived during XIII-XIV centuries are used in «Qisasi Rabghuzi» by Burkhoniddin Rabghuzi. one of the first prose works of Turkic literature. These lexical units, in turn, provide important information about the mode of life, language, culture, traditions of our nation in those times. Thus, studying the vocabulary is important not only in deeply elucidating the history of Uzbek nation scientifically, but in studying the history of Uzbek language and literature.
This thesis is served a certain extent for the implementation of the tasks defined by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated by July 8, 2014 PP-2204 «On measures to improve the structure of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, also strengthening the integration of academic science and higher education of the Republic», the Decree dated by 13 May 2016 CP-4797
«On the organization of the Tashkent state University of the Uzbek language and literature named after Alisher Navoi», Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated by May 13, 2016 № 152 «About the organization of activity of the Tashkent state University of Uzbek language and literature Alisher Navoi» and other legal documents relating to the field.
The aim of research work is to analyze lexical units used in «Qisasi Rabghuzi» statistically, thematically, historically and etymologically, and lexically and semantically, as well as to determine the role of the work in forming and developing of Uzbek literary language.
To achieve this goal we determined following research tasks:
to determine the role of «Qisasi Rabghuzi» in the development of vocabulary of Uzbek literary language, also determine and evaluate the state of the parts of speech in that period by analyzing lexical units of the work statistically;
to classify the lexical units of the work to thematical groups, and by that to elucidate historical development of lexemes;
to determine the words which belong to XIV century by applying genealogic approach, also classify the borrowed words into thematical groups, and elucidate etymology of some borrowed words;
to prove the role of borrowed words from Arabic and Persian in derivation of Turkic words by using Turkic affixes, also clarifying the etymology of certain loans;
to compare the lexical units with the first manuscripts of ancient and old Turkic language as well as with the materials of XIV century;
to determine the factors influence narrowing and widening of the sense of the words;
to elucidate lexical semantic processes occurred in the vocabulary of the work in relation with the social-political, economical, religious, cultural factors of that period.
Scientific novelty of research work is defined by following:
We evaluated the role of «Qisasi Rabghuzi» in development of Uzbek literary language by scientific analysis of its vocabulary, also language statistics:
based on the theoretical rules of historical lexicology, argued the scope of using the novel lexical items related to socio-political, economic, religious, military, cultural, household, geographic, diplomatic, artisan areas:
proven semantic properties of lexical richness «Qisasi Rabghuzi» and genesis of lexical units used in the text of the work;
we determined the characteristics of the language side, also its organic link with the ancient Turkic and old Uzbek languages:
we grounded the relationship between form and meaning of words used in the story word stock and vocabulary, the artistic possibilities of the Uzbek language in the XIV century.
Conclusion
1. To study «Qissasi Rabghuzi» statistically gives us precise information about the number of the lexical units used in this manuscript of XIV century, to think about the ratio of Turkic and borrowed layers, helps to understand specificsides of the author's mastery of word using. In total, 5511 lexemes were used in the book: 2950 of which are Turkic. 2151 are Arabic. 329 are Persian. 55 are Old Hebraic via Arabic, 14 are Greek. 3 are Chinese. 4 are from Sanskrit, and 5 arc from Sughdi. We can sec that in enriching the vocabulary of the book loanwords also were important as well as Turkic words.
2. In the vocabulary of the work there are 3067 nouns in total (2517 of them are common nouns. 550 are proper nouns. Among 2517 common nouns 2252 arc primary words, and 265 arc derived lexemes. Among 550 onomastic terms 402 arc anthroponyms. 83 are toponyms. 33 arc astroponyms. 19 are zoonyms (special 1. To study «Qissasi Rabghuzi» statistically gives us precise information about the number of the lexical units used in this manuscript of XIV century, to think about the ratio of Turkic and borrowed layers, helps to understand specificsides of the author's mastery of word using. In total, 5511 lexemes were used in the book: 2950 of which are Turkic. 2151 are Arabic. 329 are Persian. 55 are Old Hebraic via Arabic, 14 are Greek. 3 are Chinese. 4 are from Sanskrit, and 5 arc from Sughdi. We can sec that in enriching the vocabulary of the book loanwords also were important as well as Turkic words.
2. In the vocabulary of the work there are 3067 nouns in total (2517 of them are common nouns. 550 are proper nouns. Among 2517 common nouns 2252 arc primary words, and 265 arc derived lexemes. Among 550 onomastic terms 402 arc anthroponyms. 83 are toponyms. 33 arc astroponyms. 19 are zoonyms (specialnames of pets), 13 are names of idol-stone images), 521 adjectives (258 of them are primary words, and 253 arc derived words), 169 numerals (143 of them arc derived. 26 of them arc primary), 65 pronouns. 991 verbs (976 of them are pure Turkic. 4 of them Arabic. 11 of them arc derived from Persian loanwords). 52 adverbs (33 of them Turkic. 11 of them Persian. 8 of them Arabic). 38 prepositions (14 of them are pure preposition. 12 of them arc noun-preposition. 8 of them are adverbial preposition. 4 of them arc adjective-prepositions). 27 conjunctions (18 of them arc coordinating conjunctions. 8 of them arc subordinating conjunctions), 5 particles. 9 modal words. 6 of them exclamation words and 29 izafet combinations.
3. To study the vocabulary of the work «Qissasi Rabghuzi» dividing into thematic groups proves the efficiency of the current method in defining the modem and historical state of the language, as well as to see historical development of the words, and to determine lexemes of which field of social life are used in the work. Our observation showed that there are 114 thematic groups of the words in the book. In addition, in forming these groups the importance of borrowed lexemes is high.
4. As a result of studying the words used in the book in genetic approach we revealed Turkic layer was the basis of the book, in turn. Turkic layer, consisted of primary words which were used in the manuscripts of ancient Turkic and old Turkic as well as in manuscripts of XIV century, also derived lexemes from Turkic-primary words and from loanwords with Turkic affixes (in total, 2950 Turkic lexemes, 2795 of them arc pure Turkic. 108 are derived from borrowed Arabic words. 47 of them arc derived from borrowed Persian words by adding Turkic affixes). Moreover, there arc Sanskrit, Sughd. Chinese. Greek. Arabic, ancient Hebrew, and Persian words which were used to express the new concepts appeared as a result of social and political, economical, scientific and cultural relations, and various changes in the different fields of social life.
5. Archaic words used in «Qissasi Rabghuzi» had various forms during inner development of the language: it is observable as determination of the relations between ancient Turkic and old Turkic literary language. In the book, the majority of them saved their meanings, some of them went through meaning reducing and meaning widening, some of them look part in deriving new lexemes. In enriching the vocabulary of the book, inner facilities of the language were important, that is deriving new words with the affixes used actively in ancient Turkic and Old Turkic was influential. The affixes -iV-ci derived nouns from verbs and nouns, -lig'-lig//-h'q/-lik//-lug/-liig//-luq/-luk derived nouns basically from nouns, adjectives, and verbs, as well as adjectives from nouns. -Ll7-uq'iik//-ug lug-/Z-aq/-ag//-igi7-ig//-TqZ-ik derived nouns from verbs. -STzZ-sizZ/-suz/-SQz derived adjectives from nouns. -laZ-13 derived verbs from nouns and adjectives. These affixes are active in word derivation and arc considered as productive affixes.
6. The loanwords used in the vocabulary of the work also participated in new word derivation. Particularly, Arabic and Persian loanwords derived 155 new words together w ith the affixes -IrgZ-ligZZ-rf^-lik/Z-lugZ-lQgZZ-luqZ-liik, -fiiZ-ii, -SlzZ-sizZZ-suz/-sQz, -1а'-1й, -lanZ-lan and these derived words used as often as Turkic lexemes. In addition, the affixes -ba, -na, -gah, -zada derived new lexemes from Arabic and Persian loanwords, but they are only 9.
7. Observing formation and development of lexical fund which consists of 2561 loanwords is important in defining the role of other languages in the development of Uzbek literary language. In comparative analysis of borrowed layer and the words used in the sources of Korakhani’s period, we have found out that the majority of the terms are expressed their primary meaning, and some of them had experienced meaning widening.
8. To study the words by dividing them into semes gives us the opportunity to define their connected points and their differences. This, in turn, helps us to identify which semes serve to form lexical meaning and which one serve to form figurative meanings, and to analyze the ways of sense transformation. In addition, our study showed that polysemy occurred in the network of lexemes, which belong to nouns, adjectives, verbs, numerals (partially). Polysemy gives us an opportunity to understand about semantic development and the sources of enriching of the language.
9. Change of lexical meaning is a long lasting process. In «Qissasi Rabghuzi» we observed three types of meaning changing: a) the words which have reduced semantic structure; b) the lexemes which have broadened meaning; c) the lexemes, which have new semes.
Meaning reducing which we have observed in «Qissasi Rabghuzi» is a result of development of society. Basically, it happened because of moving polysemous words towards monosemous words, and expressing their meanings by the other primary and loanwords. Meaning widening has occurred on the basis of widening of semantic structure of polysemous and monosemous words, and developing figurative meanings as well as formation of various new semes. In addition, using the lexemes fixed in the sources of ancient Turkic and Old Turkic to express different meaning tells us about specific style of the writer.
10. The number of homonymous, synonymous, and antonymous words is weighty. They are important in studying the vocabulary of the Old Turkic literary language, particularly in determining homonymous, synonymous, and antonymous rows. To depict the events, to increase their impressions and figurativeness, to describe precisely the life of prophets, their emotional state, the author used these homonymous, synonymous, and antonymous lexemes.

Topicality and relevance of the theme of the dissertation. According to the World Health Organization, an increase of acute respiratory viral infections observed in recent years. In this connection, the attention of pediatricians and otolaryngologists attract acute constrictive laryngotracheitis (OSLT). According to years of research determined that the frequency of acute stenosing laryngotracheitis of all patients hospitalized in the hospital of children with a diagnosis of "acute respiratory viral infection" ranges from 0.1 to 0.4%. The development of stenotic laryngotracheitis in acute respiratory viral infections (ARI) sharply aggravates the condition of the sick children, the symptoms predominate in the clinical picture and its outcome, and sometimes a child's life depends on it.
In our country from the first days of independence in order to improve the quality of care to the population consistently implemented wide-ranging policy reforms in order to improve the quality of medical care. For example, the provision of effective medical care of children to ensure timely detection, early diagnosis and treatment of patients with OSLT, allowing for 3-4 days reduce the treatment time in hospital.
Despite the presence on a global scale a number of scientific studies on the laws of the infectious process in stenosing laryngotracheitis, values disbiotsenozis mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, one of the sensitive indicators of physiology and pathology mucosae tract is the condition of microbiocenosis of the mucous membranes. Quantitative and qualitative indicators of the microflora has been expressed of integrative health and its disorders associated with alterations in the micro ecology of the mucous membranes, the process of endogenous intoxication develops as a result of disease in children and its relation to the course of the disease, as well as changes in the system state of the local and general immunity interferon status and ways of their correction has been not studied enough,dictate the need to improve the methods of their correction in the light of modem requirements. However, not until the end of the reasons of recurrence of acute stenosing laryngotracheitis and their frequency, an important task is to develop a predictive map is evaluated based OSLT.
This dissertation research to a certain extent is the decision of the tasks provided for in the Decree of the President of Uzbekistan № PP-2133 on February 19, 2014 "On State program" Year of a healthy child, "and number PP-2221 dated August 1, 2014." On the State program further strengthening of reproductive health, protection of the health of mothers, children and teenagers in Uzbekistan for the period 2014 - 2018 years ", as well as in other legal instruments adopted in this area.
The aim of the research is to develop recommendations and proposals to improve the efficiency of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of acute stenosing laryngotracheitis
Scientific novelty of the research was concluded in the following:
first identified correlation between the severity of trans-stenotic laryngotracheitis mary (PSLT) and recurrent stenosing laryngotracheitis (RSLT);
the role of changes in the immune system, the peroxide oxidant-tion process of lipids and antioxidant protection in the formation and development of OSLT;
it proved that the decline in cellular immune system (SRS, CD8) and IgA, complementary activity and elevated levels of IgM is a common immunological regularity of occurrence and development of OSLT;
defined formula disorders of the immune system, allowing to identify key indicators of hypo- and hyperfunction of the immune system on the immunity of patients with children PSLT: 1 IgA:’ IgM/ CD8f IgGf CD16/ CD3|' Лимфз' CD43+ JIeiiK2+characterizing the patients with the condition of the existence of an imbalance of the immune system.
defined formula disorders of the immune system in children with RSLT: IgG:'IgA2'IgMi'CD4rCD82'Лимфз’ СОЗ|+Лейкг+ CD16, .
proved the effectiveness of complex treatment of children with ASLT;
developed prognostic risk criteria of ASLT and predictive map of the risk of development and ASLT.
Conclusion
On the basis of within the framework of the doctoral dissertation research on "Improving the comprehensive diagnosis, treatment and prevention of stenotic laryngotracheitis in children" presents the following conclusions:
1. Prevailing conditions in the development of acute laryngotracheitis, creating unfavorable premorbid background is: maternal health, family history, complications of pregnancy, anemia, abnormal births, prematurity, feeding, exudative-catarrhal and thymicolymphatic diathesis, a complication of neonatal period and infectious diseases respiratory distress syndrome. The emergence of acute laryngotracheitis in children is most often associated with parainfluenza infection (55.5%) and other respiratory viral infections (generally up to 84.1% of the cases).
2. Identification of complex microbial associations, long-term persistence of pathogens in OSLT demonstrates a certain degree of dysbiotic disorders of the respiratory tract in this disease. When we noted OSLT deepening process disbiotsenoza respiratory tract, characterized by the population of the respiratory tract mucosa first of pathogenic Gram-positive flora, then the addition of a gramnegative microflora, and even microorganisms, this unusual ecological niches.
3. The general rule for immunological OSLT is to suppress the activation of cellular and humoral immunity. PSLT characterized in children increased levels of B-lymphocytes and overproduction of IgA, IgG and IgE, and IL-4. Cytokine levels in the mouth secret - IL-10, TNF-a and IL-4 increased dramatically in children with RSLT (P <0,001). Features of the immune status at RSLT manifested in long-lasting selective deficiency of IgA, including in combination with high levels of IgE, a decrease in phagocytosis indices, increasing the concentration of the CEC
9. 4. Patients with PSLT calculated rating algorithm disorders of the immune system, allowing to identify key indicators of hypo- and hyperfunction of the immune system on immunity: in patients with PSLT IgA2' IgM/ CD8,' IgGf CD16|' CD3/ Limfj' CD43' Leyk 2+, and in patients with RSLT I have the following form: IgG,' IgA2' IgM,’ CD4f CD8,' Limf3' CD3|+ Leyk2’ CD16/.
5. Violation of gas exchange, hypoxia and hypoxemia lead to increased activity of lipid peroxidation processes and the restructuring of the antioxidant defense system of red blood cells. Children with RSLT level of endogenous intoxication rates are directly proportional to the severity of the disease, only the level of these indicators are much higher than in children with PSLT.
6. OSLT developed diagnostic and treatment algorithms in 97.5% of patients with PSLT children and 86.3% of children with RSLT treated with combined therapy, yielded positive therapeutic effect that an average of 3 days reduced the length of stay in a hospital bed. Monitoring the patient for three years has shown that the method of treatment would prevent relapse of disease, lengthen the remission periods.
7. In acute stenosing laryngotracheitis shown prophylactic treatment according to our algorithm, reducing the number of relapses of acute stenosing laryngotracheitis an average of 3-4 times, reduce the length of stay of children in the hospital an average of 3.5 days of hospital stay, thereby decreasing the cost of funds state budgets, the one devoted to the treatment of children.
8. Developed by "predictive map" allows to quantify the likelihood of developing OSLT for various combinations of risk factors. The probability that a child will not develop the case when the total risk index ranges from 6.94 to 64.06. The range 65,0-128,12 total risk index of the average probability of disease. But the range of the total risk index of the maximum likelihood 129,0-192,17 OSLT.

The topicality and relevance of the dissertation topic. Today, in the world of surgery with stoppage of diffuse bleeding atients of 30% of cases lead to fatal end. According to statistics, each year about 30 million people on Earth die with various bleeding. Prevention of leeding in the early postoperative period, with complex surgical interventions requires expensive hemostatic agents. Analysis of the literature indicates that still there is no effective 1 hemostatic agents for topical and intravenous use, which could be used with sufficient guarantee of the effect of reliability. All this demonstrates the needs for further searches for hemostatics with of general and topical actions.
In the years of Independence of our Republic solving problems of development and implementation of effective medicinal preparation on the basis of local plant raw material, performed by an expanded high-level events have led to certain results. On the basis of this low molecular weight natural compounds have been created effective drugs, in particular: antiarrhythmic «Allapinin», hemostatic «Lagodcn», anti-nicotinic drug «Tabeks» «Anabasine hydrochloride» antiherpetic «Megosin», antiviral drug «Ragosin» and others. Although most of these natural substances possess high biological activity, but development of promising drugs on the basis of these agents is limited due to their adverse properties such as toxicity, high dose, poor water solubility, low availability, etc.
Today in the world, on the basis of biological active plant substances, including the development on the basis of labdanc diterpenoids and triterpenoids new hemostatic agents has become a topical task. Production of supramolecular complexes of glycyrrhizinic acid and its salts diterpenoid lagohilin, to create new hemostatic agents based on lagochilin, synthesis and determination of biological activities of labdanc diterpenoids, determining the rheological properties, the study of the structure-activity to search for new potential bioactive natural compounds; evidence of the mechanisms of action of hemostatic agents is relevant.
This dissertation research serves to a certain extent the tasks provided for the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan N PR-916 from 15 july 2008 yare "On additional measures to stimulate innovative projects and technologies in production", as well as other legal documents adopted in this area .
The aim of the study is the synthesis of labdanc diterpenoid derivatives, supramolecular complexes on the basis of glycyrrhizic acid and its salts, low molecular weight polymeric carrier, the study of physical and chemical properties and the development of new hemostatics.
The scientific novelty of the work is as follows:
New aromatic acetals of lagochilin have been synthesized and the influence of catalysts on the yield of end product has been shown;
Hemostatic activity relationships of acetyl and isopropylidcnc derivatives of lagochilin depending on the nature of substituents and the number of free hydroxyl groups were determined.
received supramolecular complexes of glycyrrhizic acid and monoammonium salt of glycyrrhizic acid with lagochilin;
the structure, stability and thermodynamic properties of supramolecular complexes of glycyrrhizic acid and its salts with lagochilin in aqueous solutions were studied. Substantial dependence on the ratio of the complex forming components and the chemical structure of the guest molecule were determined;
proved inclusion of drug (guest molecules, in particular, molecules of lagochilin) to a micelle, which typically takes place with an energy gain of enthalpy of formation;
determined entropy of the system (self-organization of micellar structures) depending on the structural and functional features of the guest molecule, which has a stabilizing effect on the process of structuring of the micelles consisting of glycyrrhizic acid molecules.
Conclusions
1. For the first time, aromatic acetals of lagochilin were synthesized with the use of catalysts. It is shown that in the presence of hydroxyl groups in the aromatic ring as a catalyst anhydrous copper sulfate is preferable while for alkoxyl groups -sulfuric acid.
2. The relationship of the activity of acetyl and isopropylidcnc derivatives of lagochilin from the nature of substituents and the number of free hydroxyl groups were shown. It was found that the substitution of two out of four hydroxyl groups to acetyl groups in the molecule of lagochilin do not affect the hemostatic activity, but full substitution of four hydroxyl groups leads to a loss of hemostatic activity.
3. With the use of supramolecular chemistry techniques complexes of lagochilin with glycyrrhizic acid and its salts were obtained. The obtained complexes were characterized by physicochemical constants. Structural features of the obtained molecular complexes described by IR and NMR spectra as well as by the methods of mathematical modeling.
4. By determination of the rheological properties of aqueous solutions of supramolecular complexes it was shown that they form micelles of different structures which arc stabilized by hydrophobic-hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds.
5. The technology for obtaining of technical glycyrrhizic acid from licorice root was developed, on the basis of which an anti-inflammatory drug substance was obtained. The standardization of substance and dosage form of “Glyceram” was carried out. A Temporary Pharmacopeia Article (TPA) was developed and approved, and conducted clinical trials of the drug.
6. Comparative evaluation of hemostatic action of lagochilin supramolecular complexes with glycyrrhizic acid and its salts showed high activity for MASGA:lagochilin complex (Glilagin) at a ratio of 2: 1.
7. Full pre-clinical pharmaco-toxicological studies of the substance and dosage form of the preparation of “Glilagin” were carried out. The TPA project was developed, and industrial regulations on the dosage form were also approved.
8. Water-soluble complexes of lagochilin with N-polyvinylpyrrolidonc were obtained. It was found that the most active and stable in the solution is the complex at a ratio of 1:15 (Lagovin).
9. Hemostatic agents “Tablets of Glilagin - 0.005 g” for oral usage and “0.15% solution of Lagovin” for intravenous introduction have been developed. Two patents on drugs were obtained. These drugs were developed on the basis of local raw materials and arc recommended as a hemostatic to stop parenchymal bleeding.

Topicality and demand of the subject of dissertation. Presently in the world’s cotton production there is increasing request of textile industry for cotton varieties with proper micronaire of the cotton fiber. In the 84 cotton producercountries special attention is now paid on elaboration of cotton varieties with improved technological properties of fiber and higher tolerance to various external extremes. Selection and allocation of appropriate cotton varieties according to soil and climate conditions of the production regions as well as developing their production agro-technologies are relevant and important tasks.
There are cotton varieties in Uzbekistan which were elaborated taking into account soil, climate, hydro-geological and meliorative conditions of production zones. Hence large-scale activities are now conducted in Uzbekistan on inculcation into agricultural production the cotton varieties having higher tolerance to adverse weather conditions, manifesting economically valuable signs and improved technological properties of cotton fiber as well as their production agrotechnologies. High and qualitative yields of cotton are achieved in recent years in the country due to ecological test based selection of the new cotton varieties exhibiting their potentials in the given agro-ecological conditions and developing their production agrotechnologies.
In the world's cotton production the retention of cotton varieties productivity and fiber technological properties, longevity of newly elaborated upland and fine-staple cotton varieties in many cases depend on application efficiency of agrotechnological measures.
Thus, it is important to carry out research on production agrotechnologies, particularly on fertilization, irrigation scheduling, seeding timing and planting schemes of newly elaborated cotton varieties according to soil and climate conditions of the cotton production regions.
This research study facilitates to a certain extent the fulfillment of the tasks identified by the Decree of the President of Uzbekistan No. PK-2460 of December 29, 2015 “On measures for additional reforms and development activities in agriculture in 2016-2020”, PK-2484 of February 01,2016 “On allocation of cotton varieties and estimated volumes of seed cotton production" and other pertinent regulatory and legal documents.
Purpose of the study is determination of optimal fertilization and irrigation scheduling, seeding timing and schemes and plant densities of the Yulduz, Mekhnat, Mekhr, Ak-Altyn-5, Namangan-77, Bukhara-6 and C-6530 upland cotton varieties in the conditions of light and typical sierozem and takyr soils of the Kashkadarya region.
Scientific novelty of the research is in the following:
for the first time in the conditions of the light sierozem soils of the Kashkadarya region the feasibility of mineral fertilizer application with rate of N-200 P-140, K-100 kg ha’1 and irrigation scheduling 70-70-60% of Fc in the Yulduz, Mekhnat, Mekhr, Ak-Altyn-5, Namangan-77 and Bukhara-6 upland cotton varieties was determined;
efficiency of mineral fertilizer application with rate of N-200 P-140, K-100 kg ha 1 and irrigation scheduling 70-70-60% of Fc for Namangan-77, Bukhara-6, C-6530 and Mekhr upland cotton varieties in the conditions of the typical sierozem soils was determined;
it was proved the optimal cotton seeding period from 10 March to 15 March, planting scheme of 60x13-1 and plant density of 120,000 plants ha’1;
application of optimal fertilizer with rate of N-250 P-175, K-125 kg ha’1 and irrigation scheduling 70-70-60% of Fc for Namangan-77, Bukhara-6, C-6530 and Mekhr upland cotton varieties in the conditions of the takyr soils was determined;
optimal cotton seeding period from 05 April to 10 April, planting scheme of 90x9-1 and plant density of 120,000 plants ha’1 was proved.
Conclusions
1. Optimal conditions for better growth and accumulation of aboveground biomass of the Yulduiz, Mekhr, Mekhnat, Ak-Altin-5, Namangan-77 and Bukhara-6 cotton varieties in the light sierozem soil were created by application N-200, P-140, K-100 kg ha’1 of mineral fertilizer under the irrigation scheduling of 70-70-60% Fc. The fertilizer rate of N-200, P-140, K-100 kg ha’1 with the irrigation scheduling of 70-70-60% Fc and the plant density of 120,000 plants ha’1 under the planting period of March 10 to March 15 and the seeding scheme of 60x13-1 were optimal for the Namangan-77, Bukhara-6, C-6530 and Mekhr cotton varieties in the typical sierozem soil, while application N-250, P-175, K-125 kg ha’1 of mineral fertilizer with the irrigation scheduling of 70-70-60% Fc and the plant density of 120,000 plants ha’1 under the planting period of April 05 to April 10 and the seeding scheme of 90x9-1 was found an appropriate in the takyr soil.
2. Comparable greater values of flowering (78.1; 74.2; 76.5 and 80.1%) of the cotton varieties in the typical sierozem soil were observed with the fertilizer application of N-200, P-140, K-100 kg ha’1, the irrigation scheduling of 70-70-60% Fc and the plant density of 120,000 plants ha’1. Decrease of the fertilizer rate from N-250, P-175, K-140 kg ha’1 to N-200, P-140, K-100 kg ha’1 in the takyr soil resulted in reduction of the flowering for 2.0; 3.1; 1.2 and 1.9% while actual flowering of the Namangan-77 variety was 73.1%, Bukhara-6 - 70.1%, C-6530 -71.1% and Mekhr - 76.2%. Comparable higher flowering of the cotton varieties in the takyr soil of heavy structure was observed with the plant density of 90,000 plants ha’1, irrigation scheduling of 65-65-60% of Fc and application of N-250, P-175, K-125 kg ha’1 of mineral fertilizer.
The flowering dynamics among the cotton varieties studied in the experiment was intensive with the Namangan-77 and Mekhr varieties.
3. A distance from the root collar to the first sympodial branch on the cotton stem decreased for 0.7; 0.9; 1.8 and 0.8 cm and a distance from the cotyledonary leaves to the first sympodial branch also decreased when the seeding scheme was shifted from 60x16-1 (90,000 plants ha’1) to 60x13-1 (120,000 plants ha’1) under the first planting period in the typical sierozem soil. The parameters were slightly increased under the second planting period (5-10 April).
In the takyr soil, the distance from the root collar to the first sympodial branch was higher 3.0; 3.8; 5.3 and 1.6 cm and the distance from the cotyledonary leaves to the first sympodial branch was also increased for 2.0; 1.4; 0.0 and 0.7 cm with the seeding scheme of 90x9-1 (120,000 plants ha’1) compared to the seeding scheme of 60x13-1 (120,000 plants ha ').
4. Optimal leaf area (23,056; 24,151; 22,650 and 25,201 m2 ha’1) of the Namangan-77, Bukhara-6, C-6530 and Mekhr upland cotton varieties in the typical sierozem soil was with the plant density of 120,000 plants ha’1 under the first planting period (10-15 March) while the leaf area of the cotton varieties was 27,848; 28,363; 25,812 and 28,513 m2 ha’1 with plant density of 120,000 plants ha’ 1 under the second planting period (5-10 April).
5. Duration of the days to maturation of the Yulduiz, Mekhnat, Mekhr, Ak-Altin-5, Namangan-77 and Bukhara-6 varieties in the light sierozem soil was 117, 116, 118, 121, 125 and 131 days respectively with application N-200, P-140, K-100 kg ha1 of mineral fertilizer and accordingly 115, 116, 117, 118, 119 на 119 days with 65-65-60% Fc of the irrigation scheduling.
Bolls opening of the Namangan-77, Bulhara-6, C-6530 and Mekhr cotton varieties was 47.2; 46.1; 45.1 and 51.2% respectively with application N-200, P-140, K-100 kg ha’1 of mineral fertilizer, 65-65-60% Fc of irrigation scheduling and 90.000 plants ha 1 of plant density. In the takyr soil, the bolls opening was 44.2; 42.1; 42.1 and 46.7% with application N-200, P-140, K-100 kg ha’1 of mineral fertilizer, the irrigation scheduling of 65-65-60% Fc and the plant density of 90,000 plants ha’1.
6. The study results explored feasibility of application N-200, P-140, K-100 kg ha’1 of mineral fertilizer for the Yulduz, Mekhnat and Mekhr cotton varieties in the light sierozem soil and N-250, P-175, K-125 kg ha’1 of mineral fertilizer for the Ak-altyn-5. Namangan-77 and Bukhara-6 under the irrigation scheduling of 70-70-60% Fc.
Greater cotton yields with improved fiber quality of the Namangan-77, Bulhara-6, C-6530 and Mekhr varieties (3.68; 3.82; 3.74 and 3.80 Mg ha’1) in the typical sierozem soil can be achieved with application N-200, P-140, K-100 kg ha 1 of mineral fertilizer, the irrigation scheduling of 70-70-60% Fc and the plant density of 120,000 plants ha'; the yields of the cotton varieties were 3.05; 3.12; 3.08 and 3.23 Mg ha 1 with application N-250, P-175, K-125 kg ha’1 of mineral fertilizer, the irrigation scheduling of 70-70-60% Fc and the plant density of 120,000 plants ha’1.
Comparable higher yields of the Naman^an-77, Bulhara-6, C-6530 and Mekhr varieties (3.51; 3.62; 3.18 and 3.67 Mg ha’r) were obtained with the seeding scheme of 60x13-1 and planting density of 120,000 plants ha 1 under the planting period of 10-15 March; the cotton varieties yields in the takyr soil were 3.42; 3.61; 3.23 and 3.68 Mg ha’1 with the seeding scheme of 90x9-1 and planting density of 120,000 plants ha’1 under the planting period of 5-10 April.
7. Seed quality, i.e. 1000-seed weight and seed greasiness of the Namangan-77, Bulhara-6, C-6530 and Mekhr varieties in the typical sierozem soil were 117.2; 118.5; 116.5 and 119.2 g and 18.9; 18.9; 16.6 and 19.8% respectively with application N-200, P-140, K-100 kg ha 1 of mineral fertilizer, the irrigation scheduling of 70-70-60% Fc and the plant density of 90,000 plants ha’1. Improved cotton seed quality in the takyr soil was achieved with application N-200, P-140, K-100 kg ha’1 of mineral fertilizer, the irrigation scheduling of 70-70-60% Fc and the plant density of 120,000 plants ha ’.
8. Comparable higher net income (16,072; 15,954; 22,272; 14,712; 15,312 and 14,472 soums ha’1) and profitability (27.4; 27.9; 33.9; 25.9; 26.6 and 25.6%) accordingly with the Yulduiz, Mekhnat, Mekhr, Ak-Altin-5, Namangan-77 and Bukhara-6 varieties in the light sierozem soil were achieved with application of N-200, P-140, K-100 kg ha’1 of mineral fertilizer; irrigation of the cotton varieties using the irrigation scheduling of 70-70-60% Fc enabled to receive the net income of 14.494; 12,359; 20,314; 8,994 and 13,814 soums ha’1 and the profitability of 26.0; 23.5; 31.7; 38.4; 25.4 and 14.5% respectively.
Higher net income values achieved for the Namangan-77, Bulhara-6, C-6530 and Mekhr cotton varieties in the typical sierozem soil were 158,131; 169,927; 162,482 and 168,473 soums ha’1 with the profitability of 28.4; 29.4; 28.8 and 29.3%.
Application of N-250, P-175, K-125 kg ha’1 of mineral fertilizer, the irrigation scheduling of 70-70-60% Fc and the plant density of 120,000 plants ha’’ in the takyr soil allowed to receive the net income of 127,455; 138,611; 131,953; 146,930 where the profitability was 24.9; 26.1; 25.5 and 26.9%.
Achieved the highest net income with the cotton varieties in the typical sierozem soil was accordingly 139,122; 154,458; 111,145 and 150,257 soums ha 1 with the profitability of 26.2; 28.2; 23.1 and 28.6% when the seeding scheme of 60x13-1 and the plant density of 120,000 plants ha’1 were applied under the first planting period (10-15 March).
The net income (138,680; 150,754; 124,622 and 155,904 soums ha’1) and the profitability (26.8; 27.6; 25.1 and 28.0 %) in the takyr soil were the highest with application of the seeding scheme of 90x9-1 and the plant density of 120,000 plants ha’1 under the second planting period (5-10 April).
9. The following agrotechnological measures are recommended for implementation for achieving high and qualitative yields of the Namangan-77, Bukhara-6 and Yulduz upland cotton varieties as well as similar by morphological and biological properties the Bukhara-102, Beshkakhramon and Sultan upland cotton varieties:
application N-200, P-140, K-100 kg ha’1 of mineral fertilizer and the irrigation scheduling of 70-70-60% Fc (five to six 6 irrigations) in conditions of the light sierozem soils;
application N-200, P-140, K-100 kg ha 1 of mineral fertilizer, the irrigation scheduling of 70-70-60% Fc (five to six irrigations), the planting period of 10-15 March, the seeding scheme of 60x13-1 and the plant density of 120,000 plants ha’’ in the typical sierozem soils;
application N-250, P-175, K-125 kg ha’1 of mineral fertilizer, the irrigation scheduling of 70-70-60% Fc, ( four to five irrigations), the planting period of 5-10 April, the seeding scheme of 90x9-1 and the plant density of 120.000 plants ha 1 in the takyr soils.

The actuality and necessity of the thesis. As the leading branch of world economy tourism has the significant contribution in social and economic development of the countries today. According to the World Tourism Organization, in 2015 "9,8 percent of a world gross product, 6 percent of export of goods and services, 30 percent of the international export of services, 9,5 percent from the general level of employment fell to the share of this sphere, and also every eleventh new workplace in the world is created in the sphere of tourism"31.
In our country since first years of independence special attention was paid to development of the sphere of tourism. At the same time, target measures were realized that promoted achievement of certain results, in particular achievement of a share of this sphere "in country gross domestic product 3,2 percent, shares in the export potential 1,5 percent"32 is provided. Nowadays giving importance to the accelerated development of the sphere of tourism, one of target tasks and priority directions of state policy in the sphere of tourism for the medium term determined "giving to tourism of the status of strategic sector of economy, transformation of this branch into the powerful instrument of sustainable development, structural transformations and diversification of economy which has to become the locomotive for the accelerated complex development of all regions and the interfaced branches"33.
In order to develop the sphere of tourism, increase in its social and economic value and a share in economy, special attention in the world is paid to the modem scientific research creating a basis for effective development of the tourism market. From the point of view of disclosure of features and tendencies of development of the tourism market, also improvement of organizational and economic mechanisms of its effective development methodological and practical aspects of the issue highlighted the urgency of today.
The dissertation research to some extent serves achievement of the objectives, designated in the Presidential decree of the Republic of Uzbekistan of Sh.M. Mirziyoyev of December 2, 2016 No.4861 "About measures for ensuring the accelerated development of tourist branch of the Republic of Uzbekistan", in Resolutions of Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan of March 9, 2015 as No.51 "About measures for development of roadside and tourist infrastructure", March 10, 2015 No. 53 "About some questions of development of tourism in the Republic of Uzbekistan", and also in other normative legal acts relating to this sphere.
The aim of the research is to develop proposals and recommendations on the disclosure of tendencies and features of development of the tourism market of Samarkand region, and also to improvement of organizational and economic mechanism of its effective development.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
the definition technique by Gauss's method of real and potential demand in the tourism market, on the basis of assessment of extent of influence of macroregions and visa restrictions for this demand in the conditions of innovative development of national economy is improved;
recommendations about improvement of statistics of tourism according to the international standards by introduction of system of subsidiary accounts are developed;
the technique of assessment and integrated indicator of economic efficiency of development of the regional market of tourism as complete system is improved;
improved methods of evaluating the effectiveness of tourism subjects of management on the basis of determining the correlation in the dynamic regulations;
proved the expected parameters of development of the sphere for 2017-2020 directed to effective and more extensive use of potential of tourism, as well as tendencies of development of the regional market of tourism.
Conclusion
As a result of the researches conducted in dissertation work the following scientific conclusions, offers and practical recommendations are developed:
1. In the thesis author's determination of economic categories of system of tourism, in particular, of categories "visitor", "tourist" and "tourism market", "tourism industry" is developed. As a result of the scientific-theoretical analysis of the determination of category "tourism" developed by different authors two approaches in disclosure of its essence are revealed: first approach from the point of view of "demand", secondly "supply". This circumstance interferes with disclosure fully of essence of the difficult system relations peculiar to this sphere. Therefore, the category "tourism" has been given the scientific description - as open difficult social and economic system, with the elements interconnected by the system polyhierarchical relations, formed on the basis of many-sided functional structure of an interindustry complex and having a high susceptibility to changes of the external environment.
2. The tourism market is described as an open complex system, including economic instruments directly regulating supply and demand, as well as developing on the basis of natural-geographic, socio-economic, organizational and institutional conditions. In the form of the main criteria for the effective development of the market noted: cross-sectoral, functional, hierarchical consistency and respectively cooperative activity in the market, as well as by determining the features of its development on the basis of a systematic approach, proposed methods, tools, and components to improve the mechanisms of the market.
3. Application of system approach to development of the regional market of tourism, first of all, demands development of a technique of providing the cooperation relations between its subjects. As a modern technique of cooperation of subjects within system of the regional market of tourism formation of a regional tourist cluster is offered. Also, the algorithm of formation and development of a regional tourist cluster for introduction in practice of development of the state program on development of the sphere of tourism is offered.
4. Recommendations for the introduction of the tourist purposes, in accordance with international standards (1. Personal purposes: leisure and rest, visiting friends and relatives; education and training; treatment; pilgrimage; commercial; transit; 2. Business and professional purposes) in the reporting form "1-tourism", "2-tourism" and "Annex" tour "to the form 1-MB", used in the conduct of statistics in the field of tourism of the Republic of Uzbekistan proposed for implementation in practice of the Committee on statistics of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
5. The technique of determination of real and potential demand in the regional market of tourism is developed and the corresponding scientific conclusions have been recommended for use of Uzbektourism NC in the course of carrying out market researches by definition of gross demand for national tourist products. Use of these scientific results will give the chance of development by the effective tourist of the strategy proved by the analytical information and indicators defining demand for national tourist products.
6. On the basis of the analysis the following tendencies and features of formation of demand in the market of tourism of the Samarkand region are revealed: increase in demand for the travel organizing tourists "in the last minutes"; development of domestic market of tourism, as a result of improvement of the standard of living of local population, and also the growing mobility of youth; development of the travel which are carried out from neighboring countries or regions in comparison with the trips made in the long-haul or transcontinental directions; intensive development of "business tourism"; as a result of improvement of system of individual booking and information technologies, increase in number of the "individual" tourists (self-organizing the trips), and also on the basis of these conclusions is recommended to Uzbektourism NC development of the plan of marketing actions for 2017-2020.
7. The econometric model creating an opportunity of assessment of extent of influence of the factors which don't have the quantitative description (regions, visa restrictions, sporting and cultural events, crises) is offered. As a result of the analysis change of compound (geographical) structure of demand for national tourist products under the influence of world financial and economic crisis was evidence-based that geographical a segment of the regional market of tourism, "CIS countries" and "the countries of Asia" are perspective, and also simplification of a visa regime and geographical proximity create favorable conditions in formation of demand for national tourist products. It is recommended to Uzbektourism NC development of regional marketing strategy on the basis of the conclusion, about need of realization of the marketing strategy directed to perspective tourist segments according to changes of demand for national tourist products.
8. As a result, the comparative analysis of different economic schools and teachings on the marketing concept in the services sector, proved the need for the implementation of the regional market tourism traditional (for the implementation of the strategy, product, price), internal (for personnel motivation strategy) and interactive (infrastructure and strategy service) marketing concepts in the vertical and horizontal integration. Besides, the directions on implementation of the integration marketing concept in a cooperation form at all levels of regulation of the regional market of tourism are offered.
9. Realization of the following innovative developments in the regional market of tourism is offered: introduction of electronic guides of the museums and exhibitions, e-guides and guides are installed in mobile phones; Preparation of multimedia presentations, reflecting the tourist potential of the region; the organization of virtual excursions, through placement them on pages of the Samarkand — the Center of Tourism web portal; a construction of hotel in style of the Middle Ages and use of "animation" programs; formation of an interactive tourist information system through improvement of geographic information systems. 
10. The mechanism of formation of a tourist information system is developed. Improvement of organizational structure of Uzbektourism NC on the basis of offers on diversification of regional tourist products and creation of their innovative types through formation of an interactive tourist information system and virtual tourist offices as main structural part of a tourist information system is offered.
11. As a key component of the mechanism of effective regulation of the regional market of tourism improvement of mechanisms of partnership of the state and private business is necessary. At the same time, it is offered at each level of system of regulation of the regional market of tourism formation of the social institutes promoting formation and development of a regional tourist cluster (at the macro-level - "Interdepartmental council on cluster development", at the mesolevel - "Council for coordination of activity of a tourist cluster", at the micro level - "Association of members of a regional tourist cluster" and "Training center within a cluster" at a specialized higher educational institution), and also for each level of regulation tasks of realization of cluster policy are defined.
12. For the purpose of assessment of efficiency of state regulation of development of the sphere of tourism, the integrated indicator of economic efficiency of development of the regional market of tourism and a technique of his assessment is developed, and also value of this indicator for 2005-2015 is calculated. Use of this scientific offer in practice on monitoring of realization and implementation of state programs and plans for further development of the sphere of tourism in the region is recommended.
13. The technique of assessment and an integrated indicator of system effectiveness of management of subjects of the regional market of tourism on the basis of use of coefficients of correlation dependence is developed, and also values of this indicator on the example of LLC CATIA, the private tourist agency "Orient Voyages", LLC Sogda-tur and private tourist firm "Ekspri-dyutemp" conducting activity in the market of tourism of the Samarkand region are estimated. Use of this scientific offer in practice of subjects of the regional market of tourism is recommended.
14. For forecasting of value of the main indicators of development of the market of tourism for 2017-2020 use of the following econometric models is recommended: use of sedate model in forecasting of number of entrance visitors, linear model in forecasting of internal visitors, volume of export of tourist services, volume of the realized tourist services in the Republic of Uzbekistan; use of square model in forecasting of volume of export of tourist services, logarithmic model in forecasting of number of entrance visitors, sedate model in forecasting of volume of the realized tourist services in the Samarkand region.
15. Proceeding from features and tendencies of development of the regional market of tourism, the conceptual basis of development of the regional market of tourism on the basis of cluster approach consisting of a complex of actions of organizational and institutional and social and economic contents is developed.

The topicality of the research. In the world linguistics, acquaintance with the cultural and spiritual wealth of the nations in the world has a scientific and practical significance, and the reciprocal comparison gives an opportunity to appreciate its true worth. Relation of the language and culture, its reflection in the social life, problems of learning foreign languages demand a special attention. The comparison of the category of modality, which is important in understanding the notion of the language and has a general language character, on the example of French and Uzbek tales, gives an opportunity to expose specifics of each language and research theoretical basics.
From the first days of independence, in our country, the development of science has risen to the governmental level. Learning foreign languages from scientific point of view, comparing them with our mother tongue and grounding the received scientific results serve the growth of the state language status. And also, "recognition of ourselves, expression of the national consciousness and thinking, spiritual and moral relations between generations become apparent via the language (Ўзликни англаш, миллий онг ва тафаккурнинг ифодаси, авлодлар ўртасидаги руҳий-.маънавий боғлиқлик тил орқали намоён бўлади)"1.
In the modem linguistic scientific centres, the notion of modality has been widely applied in linguistics and as a semantic category it shows communication aspects that are rich in content and raise the prestige of the expressed opinions in the communication process. At the comparison of modality, interlingual national and cultural differences are vividly expressed. The category of modality, which has a scientific significance, has not been studied on the examples of the texts of French and Uzbek tales, and this defines the topicality of the work. In this connection, the definition of interlingual interrelation between the categories of modality, modus and dictum and conceptual analysis of the frames in two languages, the grounding of the scientific relation possessing the notions of "modality", "concept" and "frame" with the help of new theoretical opinions, grounding the essence of " tale concept" and "tale frame” have got an important significance. Disclosure of the aspects of nationality, community, peculiarity, similarity and differences in French and Uzbek tales with the help of different motives, and also, disclosure of linguocognitive, national and cultural peculiarities of the category of modality can pave the way for further development of linguistics.
This dissertation work will favour implementations of the goals and objectives in accordance with the decrees of the President of Uzbekistan №3029 "On the enhancement of the organisation of scientific-research activities" as of February 20, 2002; №-451 "On the effective increase of the education of national ideas and moral works" as of August 25, 2006; №-1271 "On the state program "Year of harmoniously developed generation" as of January 27,2010, №-1875 "On the measures for further enhancement of the system of learning foreign languages" as of December 10, 2012; Resolution №124 of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan"On the approval of the State Educational Standard on foreign languages in the system of continuing education" as of May 8, 2013; №-22-04 "On the measures of further optimization of the structure of the Science Academy of the Republic of Uzbekistan and strengthening the integration of the academic science and higher education of the republic" as of July 8, 2014 of established objectives in other normative legal documents in the sphere of the given activity.
The aim of the research is to reveal linguocognitive and national cultural characteristics of the category of modality in French and Uzbek tales, and to ground similar and different signs typical of each of the languages.
Scientific novelty of the research consists of the following characteristics: we have grounded national cultural peculiarities of the category of modality in Uzbek and French tales with means of such linguoculturemes as бешик (cradle), сандал, тандыр, катлама, атала, офтоба, фойтун (faeton), черков (church), сарой (palace), ғижжак (violin), чўқинтириш маросими (christening), калин, фотихд (blessing);
we have proved the aspects of nationality, generality, privateness, similarity and differences in French and Uzbek tales on the harmony of such motives as to see a dream, to fight, to float in a trunk, to fall asleep:
we have proved semantic relation of the categories of modality, modus and dictum and the division of the frames into semantic groups of core and periphery in the compared languages;
we have proved the display of linguocognitive peculiarity of the category of modality in French and Uzbek tales with means of conceptual signs as wish, aim, order, temporality, interrogativity;
we have expressed the attitude to the theoretical opinions on the notions of “frame” and “concept", and worked out the essence of “ tale concept" and “tale frame" on the motives of tales;
we have grounded the difference between the beginning and the final parts of French and Uzbek tales according to the grammatical, semantic and structural peculiarities.
Conclusion
As a result of the investigation of linguocognitive and national-cultural peculiarities of the category of modality in French and Uzbek tales, the following scientific and theoretical conclusions have been drawn:
1. The existence of wide opportunities in the expression of modality testifies the importance of its study in understanding the essence of language construction, and to its being a general lingual phenomenon of this category. The analysis of modality in French and Uzbek tales also confirms this. The research of linguocognitive and national-cultural peculiarities of the category of modality in the tales of two unrelated languages has paved the way to the development of the comparative linguistics.
2. On the assumption of the characteristics of the expression of modality in French and Uzbek tales, we can single out four main semantic groups: the category of semantic-functional modality is considered a wide-involving research object and its main essence and task is to form the main parts of speech together with the categories of person and time; it has an important signifacance in the description of the attitude of the speaker to the real life; modality, while describing the semantics of the sentence, involves four aspects: the notion of signification, referencial, modus and dictum; axiological modality while evaluating the sentence content, while revealing subjective-modal features, involves wide semantic territory; textual modality, while analysing texts and disclosing their linguocognitive aspects, plays an important role, and also modality and category of assessment are interconnected and studying this task is very important in the conditions of the literary text.
3. The expression of the category of modality in different languages and general differences between them: the aim and the opinion told by the speaker in the sentence and communicative functions of the sentence, description of the notions of affirmation and negation; evaluation of two types of semantic notions, that is, evaluation of the reality from the side of the speaker and the level of trust of the speaker to the messages sent to him; the expression of the feelings and characteristics in the content of the speech of the speaker; the division of modality into objective and subjective categories; the expression of connotative modality; often applications of epistemical modality in French and Uzbek tales.
4. The expression of the notions of modus and dictum in language units of the category of modality, the reflection of the reality by dictum, the expression of the attitude of the speaker to the reality by modus, display of the interconnection between modality, modus and dictum in linguistics.
5. In French and Uzbek tales, the category of modality has national-cultural similarities and differential signs. The introductory part and the conclusion of Uzbek tales differ in structure, content and modal peculiarities from French tales.
6. In cognitive linguistics there is a difference between concept and frame. Concept is explained as a form of a meaning unit of different language levels, gestalt and structure in the expression of a knowledgebase, whereas the frame is explained by the presence of the characteristics of the semantic and structural division. The definitions, given to these notions, do not deny each other; on the contrary, they are interdependent and supplement each other.
7. The tale concept is considered to be a unit that has a national-cultural seme and a complex of knowledge; it keeps a century-long life experience of the nations and the complex of knowledge gathered on the basis of conclusions. And if we look from the point of view of this complex, we can see the notion of the tale in the form of a cognitive concept. With its help we can form knowledge. In so doing, we need to pass the stages of knowledge formation. The knowledge on the basis of the cognitive concept of the tale is developed on the basis of a particular scenario and its conception takes place in the same way.
8. In the "tale frame” there is a main notion (image) and auxiliary images around it. It comprises a knowledge about main object details (image or motive). Besides, knowledge about relations between objects and subjects of the tale is also considered a frame. In this relation, general essence of the tale frame reminds the essence of verb voices and embodiments of interaction aggregate (knowledge about interaction).
9. The characteristics of the categories "want-wish", "possibility-condition", "necessity-need" in French and Uzbek tales have been explained.
In French tales, the category of modality can be expressed morphologically, by impersonal forms of the verb (participle, gerund - adverbial participial), verbal moods (imperative, indicative and subjunctive), lexically(modal words, modal verbs, modal particles, adjective, adverb, noun, special sentence structures) and by syntactical means (the order of words, intonation).
Categories of "wish-intention”, "possibility-condition", "necessity-must" can be expressed by the following language units: modal verbs (vouloir, pouvoir, devoir, falloir): modal wordsftans dome, sans aucun doute, bien siincertainement, vraisemblablement, assortment, forcement.convaincant): modal conjunctions^?» dit que, affirme que, le bruit court que); impersonal forms of the verbsf»/ est stir que, il est possible que, il est necessireque, il est indispensable que): compound verbs (avoir envie de, faire envie a, respecter les volontes de, faire la volonte de, avoir la volontt de,especial forms of the verb (assurer, croire, penser, considered estimer, juger, supposer, imaginer. envisages soup^onner, douter, contester sembler); intonation.
10. In the Uzbek language, the category of modality is expressed by the following means: morphological (indicative and imperative moods, time, person, special forms of the verbs and compound forms of the verbs); lexical (modal and incomplete verbs, modal words and parenthesis, modalparticles); syntactical(the order of words, intonation).
In Uzbek tales, the categories of "wish-intention", "possibility-condition", "necessity-must" are expressed by language units as analytical forms of the verb (-ги-си келди,-моқчи, -ги-м(-қи-м)), -(и)ш керак, керак эди, -(и)ш лозим,-маса(м) бўлмайди, -моқчи эди(лар), -га мажбур(ман), complex forms of the verb (-са-м девди-м, -қи-м келяпти, - ги-си келарди, -моқчи эди ҳ.к.); special forms of the verbf-di/, -ибди, ган, -ган эди, ётган эди, -(а)р эди, -япти. -ади, -(а)р); modal verbs: керак (лозим, мажбур) бўлмоқ, истамоқ, хоҳламоқ (need, must, want, wish); modal words and parenthesis (may be, of course, sure, must, need, can, no doubt, well done, now); modal particles (-чи,-да,-ку).
11. In the French language, modal verbs are not used alone. They can appear with one or sometimes two independent verbs. One modal verb in the French tales is equivalent to several versions of the modal verb in the Uzbek tales. In the expression of the category of modality "wish" in the French tales, modal verbs are used more often with independent verbs, and seldom with auxiliary verbs. And in Uzbek tales, to express the meaning of wish, auxiliary verbs are used more often with independent verbs.
12. In the French and Uzbek languages, in the expressions of the frames "possibility", "necessity", "wish", it is necessary to divide the verbs, which are a part of the circle of these frames, into two groups, and to study them separately. It is appropriate to name the first group as strong since modal verbs ingoing into it form a core of the semantic field, and they have a peculiarity to appear often in the sentence. The second group is called weak, modal verbs here form a periphery' of the semantic field and are seldom used in the sentence.
13. We can see the reflection of the national-cultural similarities in French and Uzbek tales and an active participation of the category of modality in the expression of national characteristics in French and Uzbek tales in culture, language existing between them by linguistic means.
14. Even though the tales form motives not big in size, they play a great role in the exposure of the characteristics peculiar to the category of modality.

The actuality and relevancy of the subject. By the way of population growth and competitiveness on the market condition of agricultural commodities, the qualitative delivery of the conserved products in cold storage to consumers mainly fruits, vegetables, potatoes, melons and gourds, effective development of conserving agricultural products and rational organization are becoming outstanding issue. Meanwhile, the fatalities are admitted in the process of the delivery provisions to consumers in accord with the scheme “from garden to the table cloth” in large quantities.” According to the information of the United Nations Organization provisions and agriculture, every year nearly 1.3 milliard quantity of provisions are misused which is approximately 1.0 trillion dollars.”33
In the years of Independence, considerable attention has been given to the conservation of the agricultural provisions and sale services in accord with up-to-date requirements based on effective development, stable supply of home consuming market serving for summer and winter, and expansion of the export capacities in this field. Consequently, having realized directive measures these days, “It will prevent seasonal upward spiral in the cost during a year, giving continuous provisions of the population with these main types of agricultural products, make export’s extension of the products, enable opportunity preserving the stable cost.”34 It is significant to mention that the export was arranged in our country productions of fruits, vegetables, potatoes, melon and gourds and noticeable results have been realized. As it was mentioned in the international conference devoted to theme “Realizing main recourses of the provision instructions in Uzbekistan” held on June 7, 2014 in Tashkent city: “First, we export fruits and vegetables to the overhead price approximately of 5 milliard dollars of provisions.” For the last 3 years, the volume of exports realized on agricultural products has been raised by three times.”35
Therefore, considerable attention has been given to the issue not only to the producing of provisions but also conserving without spoiling them in the Republic of Uzbekistan. During the years 2015-2023 of investment, 1 milliard US dollars were planned to spend for the development of production infrastructure of fruits and vegetables, processing and conserving them, accordingly 260 million US dollars for the development of conserving system.36 These days, objective research development is extensively carried out all over the world for the conservation the agricultural products and effective development of field trades, supply with qualitative products in cold-storage. At this point, taking into account current situations of domestic and world market essential research take on special significance concerning provision production and optimization of storage parameters, supplying continuous high quality stuff for processing companies, taking into consideration seasonable requirements stable provision of the population with agricultural products, extension of competitive types of production in markets, providing qualitative cold-storage in small and optimum capacities. As well as the conduction of the research works are being extended on product storage and the economic-financial mechanisms improvement of natural bases standards in transportation, working out integral indexes of effective estimating the preparation of agricultural commodities and trade services, rational arrangement of the conservation process of products quality and optimization of expenditure; define the optimum condition of fruit and vegetables taking out from the cold store in retail trade enterprises, grounding on former marked parameters to conserve production of optimum prognosis indicator, synergy effectiveness of the product conservation and trades services favorable use of cluster approach. The actuality of the thesis theme is explained the realization of aforesaid researches.
The research of the thesis is served as to a certain extent in the realization marked objectives by the decree PD№174 of the president of the Republic of Uzbekistan, May 10, 2012 “The development program of services field in the Republic of Uzbekistan in the course of 2012-2016 years”, the decree PD №345 on April 12, 2016 “Purchasing fruits vegetables, potatoes, melon and gourds and measures on the development system of consuming them”, the decree of the Ministry of the Republic reference №55, February, 2016.
The aim of the research. It is consisted of the working out theoretical and practical recommendations for the organizational economic mechanisms on the conservations provisions and improvement efficiency of trade services.
Scientific novelty of the research consists of following propositions:
have been elaborated the individual and integral stabbing values of preparation over the production of the agricultural economy and effective estimating trade services. Effective development of estimation by means of existed complex methodology on the basis of assessment.
have been stranded the qualitative conservation of the fruits vegetables, rational arrangement of conservation process and taken into consideration optimum expenditure of seasonal conservation on the base of natural loss normative (apple-2,71%, potatoes-5,0%, onion-12,2%)
have been worked out proposals on the development of organizational economic occasions of trade services fruit and vegetables at retail-enterprises;
have been grounded the annul of the license taken for whole sole anchorage enterprises which conserve fruit and vegetables in special cold storages. Moreover,, on the retention of it have achieved of improved techniques to the increase of turnover. On this case, means of subjects based on the methods synergy effectiveness and cluster approaches to develop provision conservation and service trades
have been developed the proposals and recommendations on the development prognosis in the planned period of 2016-2019 years. On the basis of extension, the volume has increased of conservation provision and export income level.
Conclusion
Based on the results of the research the following conclusions have been made:
1. The following issues are not adequately reflected in the economic literature such as the sale of the storage agricultural products and services in the theoretical and methodological basis, their role in ensuring the country's food safety, socio-economic context, the importance of improving the welfare, living standards of the population, the system of indicators characterizing the efficiency of these services, their detection methods, synergistic and research on the use of cluster effect issues.
It is practically proved that the storage of the products and its trade are the vital aspect in our country. The conservation system of products and trade services in our country occupies important role in terms of distance, the time point of delivery service of storage products to consumers. But in both cases, the volume of goods without any extra addition, in terms of time and space due to the implementation of additional processes may change in the value of products theoretically in accord with specific features and trade services.
2. As the results of research the conception of the effectiveness over the trades of food and services have been developed for the conservation. Definitions, such as “effectiveness” and “efficiency”, “economic indicators”, “the effectiveness of storage services”, “trades effectiveness”, “synergetic”, “synergetic effect” “synergetic efficiency”, “cluster” have also been well-defined and cleared
3. On the basis of rational organization implemented normative in practice in the conservation the quality of the fruit and vegetable products, to lower costs in order to optimize the seasonal loss of natural products regulations on the scientific and practical aspects.
4. The indexes of the storage and the trade services have separated into individual economics indexes and divided into relavant 9 groups. Directions towards quantity calculation have given according to individual integral indxes. Study has also identified similar integrated indxes in order to make equal measurements while making complex calculations of indxes.
5. .The organizational and economic mechanisms improved in storage services and the trade of products and their improvement have been investigated and proved effecticiency of storing period, natural loss and transportation services.
6. According to recommendations on improvement of organizational-economical mechanisms of effectiveness over selling services of fruit and vegetables in retailingof trading companies, we have made some ways of decreasing various expenses and natural loss of products. In addition, cancellation of licecences of companie that helps to saveproducts of fruits and vegetables in special refregirators for wholesale trades were proved and based on that we mentioned the ways of improving effectiveness by rising circulating assets.
7. Have been created the sequence of identifying period of cover of investitions by by proving relation of covering investitions that are directed to the development of the process of storage of products and their sales with the cost of refregerators, expenditure of energy, the amount of saved products and scale of the sale.
8. Factors which impacts on ixdexes that represent effectiveness of the storage and the sales of the products were classified. Furthemore, created the ways of finding inner opportunities and making decisions that based economically by identifying and estimating these factors
9. The improvement the efficiency of products and services related to the sale of synergetic effect (systemic effect, and to join forces with the impact of future to the present) and the use of cluster approach based on an objective assessment, and organizational structures. The opportunities and methods have been developed by means of factors effecting sale of products and services indicators characterizing the efficiency of classification, identification and evaluation
10. The projected linear trend approximation polyamide is recommended on the amount of fruit and vegetable storage, and export of products based on dynamic parameters such as the level of benefits and the increase. On the basis of this recommendation forecast parameters of the dynamics of indicators of food and payments in Samarkand region in 2016-2019 years.
As the result of research, scientific-theoretical and practical recommendations have been worked out on practical application for the storage products and trade services, to increase efficiency and improve educational programs, training and providing personnel qualifications and skills of modern management methods, along with the formation the implementation of the food safety program to improve the living standards and quality of service.

The urgency and necessity of the dissertation’s subject. The urgency and necessity of the dissertation’s subject. Currently main requirements of cereal growing in our country arecreation of high-yielding, having quality grain, resistant to various adverse conditions varieties of the soft and hard wheats, organization of seed production correctly, improving their varietal properties and growing technologies. Wheat grain yields harvested in the world has totalled 730 mln t in 20167. Production of both high and quality grain of cereals including wheat is the most important problems in securing food safety.
As a result of wide-spectrum activities for satisfying population’s needs with a bread and bakery produced from our own grain our republic has gained grain independence during a short time. So, thanking to creation of wheat varieties suitable for growing in conditions of the country including its southern regions and producing both high and quality yields, and distribution of these varieties in a correct way, organizing production of their seeds and using proper growing technologies more than 7.2 mln tons of the grain yield has been produced in 2015, and an average productivity has been 5.27 tons/has.
While grain yields of the soft wheat produced in the cereal-growing countries of the world arc used mainly for satisfying population’s needs with a bread and bakery those of the hard (durum) wheat are used for production of the macaroni and confectionery products. Comparing with soft wheat varieties durum wheat plants are more resistant to drought and high temperatures, only slightly subjected to infection by stripe and brown rust, smuts and bunts, and its grains do not fall of ears at maturing. Therefore, breeding focuses on creation of new durum wheat varieties, the most adaptable to the environmental conditions of each region, and not reducing their productivity in various conditions. Developing new wheat varieties and increasing volumes of the grain production are one of the most urgent issues of the day as in the world as in our country. Therefore, the main task of scicntists-brccdcrs is creating high-yielding, intensive-type varieties of wheat, that are resistant to drought and high temperatures, diseases, pests, and lodging, and suitable for growing on local soil and climatic conditions of different regions of the country.
Perfomance of research under the present dissertation is based on the laws of Republic of Uzbekistan «On selection achievements», as well as on the Resolution № PK-2460 of the Decree of the President of Uzbekistan from December 29, 2015 “On measures for additional reforms and development activities in agriculture in 2016-2020”, in the regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of 19 September 1996 «On the policy of the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the field of seed production» and other pertinent regulatory and legal documents.
The purpose of research. Is a selection of primary sources of soft and durum wheats basing on comprehensive studying samples of the world collection received for creation of primary sources suitable for growing in soil-climatic conditions of country’s southern regions, combine high-yielding potential and high-quality grain, early maturing and resistant to adverse environmental factors.
Scientific novelty of the research work To achieve the assigned goal the followings tasks of the study have been put:
determination of the main biological properties of the soft and hard wheats belonging to the different ecological-geographical groups;
duration of the crop growth till maturity, productivity, grain quality, and adaptability to various conditions of durum wheat varieties and samples have been studied in conditions of unirrigated drylands ;
early maturing, high-yielding, resistant to diseases, pests and lodging as well as satisfying the requirements of the practice varieties grown in irrigated lands have been selected for crossings and creating new varieties;
genetically different Fl generations received by crossing local and foreign varieties have been selected and studied revealing cases of dominance and full inheritance;
paternal and maternal pairs have been crossed and nature of inheritance of valuable farm characters and features have been determined for development of early-maturing, high-yielding, high quality, resistant to adverse environment factors and diseases hybrids using method of crossing;
in the course of creation of hybrids of the soft and hard wheat belonging to the various ecological-geographical groups paternal and maternal pairs have been crossed and nature of inheritance of valuable farm characters and featureshas been determined;
resistance of soft wheat varieties to various diseases and pests have been estimated;
growth, development and economical efficacy of Krasnodar-99, « Bunyodkor», «Barhayot» and «Farovon» varieties grown in accordance with pre-identified optimal numbers of irrigations have been determined for the first time;
for the first time recommendations on improving productivity of durum wheat grown on non-irrigated rainfed fields by using correct rates and terms of phosphorous fertilizers and spraying with a suspension during the growth period have been developed.
Conclusions
1. After studying during 2008-2009 310 varieties and samples of soft wheat on irrigated areas and 220 varieties and samples of hard wheat on unirrigated rainfed fields it has been found that 54 varieties and samples were early-maturing, 185 ones middle-ripening, and 71 varieties and samples has been late-maturing ones.Grain yield produetivity of 44 varieties has been 4.0 tons/ha, that of 138 varieties was 4.0 to 5.0 tons/ha, yield of 83 varieties equaled to 5.0 to 6.0 tons/ha, and size of the yields in 45 varieties has exceeded 6.0 tons/ha.
2. All trials have been conducted on foothill areas (Shakhrisabz district), median (Karshi district) and steppe regions (Kasbi district). For using at breeding process 22 samples and 8 varieties already grown commercially or being promising ones have been selected; special agricultural-ecological variety testing nursery has been created where these 30 samples and varieties have been studied and compared each with others.
Soft wheat variety «Bunyodkor» has been recognized as promising and it has been sown on more than 600 ha area. «Farovon», «Barhayot» and «Shams» varieties have been created and have being currently tested by the State Commission for Testing Varieties.
3. Average for 3 years yields in the median region have been higher by 0.36 to 0.58 ton/ha comparing with the steppe region, and those in the foothill area were higher by 0.25 to 0.49 ton/ha against median region, and by 0.78 to 0.85 ton/ha compared with the steppe region. At using the same agricultural practices productivity of wheat has been notably higher on light-colored serozems and typical grey serozems than on takyrs and takyr-like soils.
4. Among 220 durum wheat samples studied 32 has been early-maturing, 140 middle-ripening, and 48 late-maturing ones. Grain yield productivity has been 0.5 to 1.0 ton/ha in 34 varieties, 91 varieties yielded 1.0 to 1.5 tons/ha, other 68 varieties produced 1.5 to 2.0 tons/ha, and yields of 27 varieties were over 2.0 tons/ha. Durum wheat variety «Mingchinor» has been recognized as promising and it has been sown on more than 100 ha area. «Langar» variety have been created and have being currently tested by the State Commission for Testing Varieties.
5. Hybrids of soft wheat were produced in 15 combinations , in 8 of them inheritance of plant height was at high states of heterosis with its highest values in both Fj Bunyodkor x 200/50 (Лр=1.9), and F,Jayvirak x 100/35 (hp=\.5).
Highest dominance of ear length inheritance has been recorded in F, 100/37 x 108/2004 (Ap=4.3).Inheritance of the character “weight of 1000 kernels” in F| has been the highest in FiZmina x MV-417-03 (hp=3.4).
6. Resistance of varieties and samples to heat, drought, diseases, and their requirements to irrigation numbers have been studied in field and laboratory conditions in Kashkadarya, Surkhandarya and Tashkent regions, as it has been determined in the laboratory trials, «Bunyodkor», «Farovon», «Barhayot», Entry-6 and Entry-32 have been drought-resistant; Jaykhun, «Bunyodkor», «Barhayot», «Farovon», Entry-6, 100/37, 100/39, 200/44 and 200/48 were heat-resistant, «Bunyodkor», «Farovon» and «Gisarak» have expressed resistance to grain aphid. Positive correlation was found between crop productivity and weight of 1000 kernels (r=0.36) and content of protein (r=0. 16), and weak correlation between yield and gluten content (/-=0.03), and negative correlation with IDK (r=-0.07)
7. Requirements of winter wheat varieties Krasnodar-99, «Bunyodkor», «Farovon» and «Barhayot» to number of irrigations have been studied during growth period; results have shown that their yields were low (3.14-3.72 tons/ha) at one irrigation, and expenses done have not been covered, and profitability was 2.4% to 17.8%. Two irrigations resulted in yield equal to (4.05-5.05 tons/ha), and profit gained has not fully covered expenses, with profitability 5.4% to 31.2%. Three irrigations resulted in same amount of yield (5.06-6.01 tons/ha), and profit has not fully covered expenses, with profitability 31.4-55.6%.
In «Bunyodkor», net profit observed at trials have shown that neither variety has covered expenses when crop was irrigated just one time; 2 irrigations resulted in profit equal to 410 000 sum in «Bunyodkor» varieties; net gains at 3 and 4 irrigations in the latter were 779000 and 991 000 sums, respectively.
8. It has been recommended to grow soft wheat variety «Bunyodkor» with 3 irrigations (at tillering, stem elongation and heading growth stages) on irrigated fields with light-colored serozems and takyr-like soils of Kashkadarya region, where rust disease occurs widely.
9. It has been recommended to grow «Mingchinor» and «Langar» varieties on serozem soils of unirrigated rainfed areas of Kashkadarya region with presowing application of 75 kgs of phosphorus and applying fertilizer 2 times additionally at spring time, which allows increasing yields.
Applying 75 kgs/ha of presowing phosphorus fertilizer and two suspension sprayings at spring resulted in yield in «Mingchinor» variety equal to 2.81 tons/ha, which was higher by 1.64 tons/ha comparing with the check treatment, with 737 800 sum net profit. Same procedures with «Langar» variety have provided with 2.61 tons/ha yield, and this was higher by 1.55 tons/ha against the check treatment.
10. For organizing seed multiplication system 90.8 tons of original seeds of the variety «Bunyodkor» produced on the irrigated fields and 18.8 tons of original seeds of the variety «Mingchinor» produced on unirrigated boghara fields in 2015-2016, and all these seeds have been delivered to seed multiplying farms.

Topicality and demand of the subject of dissertation. Common or soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) feeds about 40% of the world population and provides 20% of the total food calories and protein in human nutrition1. Wheat occupies 17% (one-sixth) of the total crop acreage worldwide'. According to the FAO experts (2007) wheat has occupied about 20% of the total cultivated crop area (213 mln. ha) and its annual production was 619 mln. tons of grain5.
Taking into account increasing needs of the country’s population government of Uzbekistan from the first days of independence has charged our agriculture with a task to produce enough quantities of wheat grain in order to cover all needs of country’s population with own grainand this program is being realised successfully.During just few years Uzbekistan has entered in the group of countries of Central, Western Asia and North Africa that produce highest grain yields4. During years of independence considerable successes had been gained in covering population’s needs with own grain, so, yields from each hectare of the total irrigated area over 1 M ha have reached 5,0 metric tons in 2009 and 2010 and exceeded 6 MT annually in 2014 to 2016.
Further improving wheat growing practices and rising grain productivity is possible, if modern intensive technologies are introduced. The most important part of these technologies is protection of the crop against diseases, because some of them can fast occupy whole fields and cause big yield losses. During some years one can see that on fields of wheat, a strategic crop, some diseases have increased their prevalence and causes significant yield losses if not protected with fungicides. Thus, phytosanitary state of wheat fields should be monitored continuously and if there is a danger of wide distribution and development of any disease, then fast action on its control should be undertaken; this is an evidence of the extreme urgency of the subject of the dissertation.
Investigations of this thesis to a certain extent serve in realization of tasks put by the direction of the Oliy Majlis about introduction into power of the Act of the Republic of Uzbekistan №117-11 dated 31 August 2000 «Protection of agricultural plants against pests, diseases and weeds», Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PP-1047 of January 26, 2009 «On additional measures to increase food production and saturation of the domestic market» and Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers No. 148 of March 29, 2004 «On measures to improve the structure and enhance service efficiency in plant protection», as well as the tasks defined by other regulatory and legal acts. 
The aim of the research work is monitoring phytosanitary state of wheat fields in central and southern regions of Uzbekistan, assessing distribution and development of diseases, identifying their causal agents, identification of infection sources of main diseases, levels of their negative effects on grain yield, and determining biological efficacy of new, modem fungicides against these diseases.
Scientific novelty of the research work is expressed in the followings:
phytosanitary state of wheat fields of central and southern regions, and distribution and development of wheat diseases have been determined on the base of 13-years monitorings for the first time after gaining independence by the country;
species composition of the main and accompanying diseases has been identified, and representatives of necrothrophic pathogenic fungi have been isolated onto pure cultures;
infection of wheat heads with «olive spot» infection of kernels with «black point» have been determined for the first time in the country;
ways of overwintering of rust and leafspot diseases of wheat and primary sources of their infection have been determined;
negative effects of main diseases on total yield and yield constituents of wheat have been determined by conducting field trials on natural and artificial backgrounds of diseases;
both biological and farm efficacies of new seed treatments and spray fungicides against wheat diseases have been determined by carrying out state testings of these products;
convenient methods of assessing cereal diseases and determining biological efficacy of fungicides have been developed and published.
Conclusions
1. It has been determined that the most wide spread diseases on wheat fields of central and southern regions of Uzbekistan in 2004-2016 were leaf spots. However, their severities in most cases were low. Analyses have shown that cause of infectious leaf spots were Septoria tritici and Drechslera tritici-repentis. It has been found as well that almost 40% of all leaf spots on wheat fields were of non-infectious nature.
2. It has been evidenced that stripe rust was the most dangerous disease of wheat plants; this disease has occupied first position on mean incidence and mean severity in years when epidemics of stripe rust have been observed.
3. Leaf rust of wheat has appeared on fields ususlly after the second half of growth periods, mainly in foci, and it’s severity rarely has reached high intensity. Stem rust has not practically been registered on wheat fields.
4. It has been determined, that currently incidence of the dangerous Fusarium root I stem rot and bunt (mainly on unirrigated lands) diseases have beenincreasing in our country.
5. Infection of wheat heads with olive spot and it’s kernels with black point have been registered in our country for the first time; it has been determined that these diseases were caused by Cladosporium spp. and Alternaria alternata, respectively. These diseases have been met on many wheat fields in 2016.
6. Infection of wheat plants with a cereal cyst nematode + Fusarium root / stem rot complex has been registered for the first time in the country.
7. It has been determined that sources of primary infection of stripe rust in conditions of Uzbekistan were infected in autumn wheat seedlings, and that this pathogen overwinter as latent mycelium in leaf tissues or, in lesser degree, in the form of open sori of spores.
8. It has been found, that wheat leaf spot fungi in conditions of Uzbekistan are preserved as mycelium and conidia on plant residues; pycnidia of Septoria tritici, and conidia of Drechslera tritici-repentis, and mycelium of both fungi could function as sources of the primary infection at spring times. These fungi did not infect wheat kernels and they did not persist in grain seeds.
9. Wheat diseases and stripe rust in particular could lower grain yield of highly susceptible varieties by 4% to 5% in disease-suppressive seasons in our country, but yield of the most of other varieties did not suffer notably. In seasons or cases when favourable for stripe rust weather conditions have been established later in season (at end of flowering to grain filling growth stages) grain yield losses equal to 7% to 1 Shave been registered.
10. In seasons when stripe rust epidemics have been developed grain yield losses of unprotected with fungicide sprays wheat fields have reached 1090 to 1520 kgs/ha (31 -39%) or more.
11. It has been established that severities of leaf spot diseases were very low and grain yield losses due to these diseases did not occur in most of observed seasons in our country; however, in cases, when development of leaf spots has reached moderate intensities on wheat fields located at foothills then losses of 270 to 540 kgs/ha (or 7.2% to 17.7%) have been recorded.
12. Biologic efficacies of fungicides tested in state testing trials conducted in 2010-2015 have been as below: 8 new spray fungicides against stripe rust and powdery mildew - 99.7-100%, 2 products against Septoria leaf blotch and tan spot -25.0-33.9% and 24.1-49.7%, 3 seed treatments against smut and bunt - 100%, and 2 seed treatments against common root rot - 25.0-33.9%. Basing on these results the below fungicides have been registered by the State Chemical Commission for use in the country: Bumper Super 490 EC, Kolosal Pro 50 EW Cone., Tilzol 25 EC, Titul Duo 40 cone, colloid soltn., Acanto Plus 28 SC, Khimpakt 35 SC, Allis Premier 10 SC, Duazole 40 cone, colloid soltn. against stripe rust and the latter - against powdery mildew, Moerconazole 6 EW, Sertikor 50 EC and Essenzalil 27 SC -against smut and bunt, and last two products - against root rot diseases.
13. It has been determined that one treatment with any of the following fungicides - Titul Duo 40 cone, colloid soltn. (0.2 L/ha), Kolosal Pro 50 EW Cone. (0.2-0.3 L/ha), Tilzol 25 EC (0.5 L/ha) or with their analogues, each of them could stop development of wheat stripe rust during 35 to 35 days.
14. In cases when «infection pressure» of the rust disease on the field is very high (in epidemic seasons), or plants are infected severely and simultaneously with both rust and leaf spot diseases, then it could be necessary, taking into account weather forecast, to apply fungicide two more times with interval 15 to 20 days.
15. New 0-5 scale has been developed for assessing seed and seedling rots of cereals and rice,and another existing 0-5 scale for assessing root rots of adult plants of these crops has been modified.
16. New notion named «mean infection intensity of plants» and new empiric formula for calculation of this parameter have been developed and introduced into practice for making determination of biologic efficacy of seed treatment and spray fungicides against cereal diseases easier.
17. Treatment with Titul Duo 40 CCS (0.2 L/ha) and Duazole 40 CCS (0.2 L/ha) against stripe rust of wheat has provided with 100% biological efficacy, and, has resulted in production of the additional yields equal to 130.7 and 120.1 kgs/ha against untreated check; and their profitability has been 47.5% and 45.5%, respectively. Conditional net profit per hectare at using these fungicides, respectively, has equalled to 1 028 thousand and 983 thousand Sums, their economic efficacy compared with untreated check has been 510 thousand and 465 thousand Sums. Payback of 1 Sum expense has been 1.45 to 1.47 times.

The actuality of the dissertation and the demand for it. According to the data provided from World Health Organization (WHO) 1-4% of the population of the Earth suffer from polypoid rhinosinusitis. The occurence of chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis among other ENT dcscascs is 15,4% and in patients with sinusitis it occurs in 15-20% of cases. Despite the improvement os surgical technique and the presence of a great number of medicines the recurrence of the disease can be observed in 5-60% of cases. It is necessary to note that the index of the occurence of the disease is 5,2% in workforce. This disease brings about temporary disability to work and the increase of economical cxpcnccs, which determines social significance and actuality of the problem of effective treatment of chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis *.
With the attainment of independence of Uzbekistan, resulting in large-scale reforms in most spheres of life of the people as well as in the health care system which arc aimed at strengthening the health of population, good results have been reached in the sphere of diagnostics, effective treatment of ENT diseases, as well as conducted functional surgery with the use of modem cndoscopycal and navigation technology in the treatment of chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis have improved the effectiveness of treatment by 20%.
Insufficient study of cthiopathogcnctic factors of chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis development and the reasons of the recurrence of polypoid process, undcrcvaluating its various forms and incomplete determination of the notions related to the diagnostics and effectiveness of treatment reflects the problem of chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis. Together with this, the problems related to the advancement of the level of chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis prophylactics and the quality of ENT consultation in the sphere of healthcare in regions and districts of Republic is considered not completely solved. This is the reason why they remain to be priority direction of scientific researches.
The dissertation serves for the realization of the tasks that stem from the documents and adopted decrees №1271 of the first President of the Republic of Uzbekistan «On state program «The Year of a Harmoniously developed generation» from January 2010 and the decree № 2133 that of February 19, 2014 and other legal documents related to this sphere.
The aim of the research is the identification of clinical and immunnological peculiarities of the course of various forms of chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis and the development of the tactics aimed at the reduction of the disease recurrence.
Scientific novelty of the dissertation is in the following:
the morphological division of the polypoid fiber into «cosinophillic» and «ncutrophillic» types of polyps have been investigated and their frequency of occurrence in the conditions of the local population have been determined;
determined the course of polypoid process and the causes of recurrence of disease depending on the «eosinophillic» and «neutrophillic» types of polyps;
proved a significant increase of levels of natural killer cells, factor of allergy, apoptosis, IL-4, IgE and the presence of immunodeficiency condition in «eosinophilic» polypoid rhinosinusitis, increase of levels IgA and IL-8 in «neutrophilic» polypoid rhinosinusitis;
determined by the presence of «growth zone» in polyp tissue, high participation of cellular and humoral factors in the course of the disease, irreversible changes in the natural state of the nasal mucosa;
determined easy, moderate and severe courses of the disease by carrying out the survey and justified the use of intranasal corticosteroid, macrolide and immunomodulator on severity of the disease.
Conclusion
On the basis of research on doctoral dissertation on «Clinical-immunological feautures of chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis and their treatment» presented the following conclusions:
1. The retrospective analysis of the illness record of the patients with chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis allowed us to come to conclusion that the most significant reasons of chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis recurrence in 67,3% cases arc related to the inefficient cfficasy of the complex treatment and in 32,7% - the course of the rehabilitation period. Shortness of surgical interferences related to nasal polyps in the patients with chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis was 4,7 times at average, which proves the absence of full recovery and healing of the nasal mucosa. In 62,5% of cases the leading role is given to the duration of inflammatory process and the presence of allcrgical background.
2. The citomorphological research of the polypoid tissue in the patients with chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis elicited the presence of cosinophillic and neutrophillic inflammation and accordingly the division of nasal polyps into «eosinophilic» and «neutrophilic» forms, which helps the specialist in the process of choosing the tactics of treatment. The functional research of the nasal mucosa in the patients with chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis detected the decrease of transporting function (36,3±0,86 and 37,5±0,74 minutes accordingly), P<0,()() 1 in comparison with control), increase of the pH in alkaline side (7,4±0,01 and 7,3±0,01 accordingly, р<0,001 in comparison with control), decrease in the suction function (89,9±6,6 and 80,3±4,0 minutes accordingly p<0,() 1 in comparison with control) increase in the excretory function (58,4±0,8 and 55,7±O,8 mg accordingly, p<0,001 in comparison with control), which might contribute to the frequent recurrence of the disease. It is important to note that in the patients with «cosinophillic» polypoid rhinosinusitis more distinct changes in the nasal mucosa were detected in comparison with «ncutrophillic» form.
3. The microbiological research of the nasal mucosa in the patients with «eosinophilic» and «neutrophilic» polyps detected the predominance of Coag. neg. Staphylococci (in 50% and 66,6% cases accordingly, P<0,05) and S. aureus (in 33,3% and 33,3% cases accordingly, P<0,05) in comparison with control. However, in «neutrophilic» polyps the characteristic feature was the presence of P. acncs (20%), KI. pneumonia (18,3%) and Entcrobactcr spp. (7%). The results of the allergological research showed that in 61,3% of the patients with chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis the reaction to allergens was positive, which was mainly observed in the patients with «eosinophilic» polyps. In 38,7% of the patients the reaction to allergens was negative and it was observed in the patients with «neutrophilic» polyps.
4. The indicators of the cellular and humoral immunity in peripherieal blood in the patients with «eosinophilic» polypoid rhinosinusitis detected the increase in the amount of natural killers (19,7±3,60%, p<0,001), the factor of allcrgization (24,2±2,25%, p<0,001) and apoptosis (24,0±3,15%, p<0,001), IL-2 (10,6±3,53 pg/mg, p<0,001), IL-4 (6,4±2,31 pg/mg, p<0,001) and IgE (239±19,1 ME/ml, p<0,001), which indicates the allcrgization of the organism when the patients with «neutrophilic» polypoid showed the tendency to the increase of the level of IgA (167,8±17,88 mg%, p<0,001), IL-2 (12,5±4,81 pg/mg, p<0,001), IL-4 (7,3±1,13 pg/mg, p<0,001), IL-8 (9,9±3,72 pg/mg, p<0,001). It proves the presence of a long chronic inflammatory process in the organism.
5. The morphological and immunohistochemical study of polypoid fiber in the patients with chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis detected that in «eosinophilic» polyps of the nose «the zones of growth» of the polypoid process were observed more frequently in comparison to «neutrophilic» polyps of the nose, the participation of cellular and humoral factors in the course of the disease, the formation of irreversible changes in nasal mucosa which leads to the loss of its functional activity and the creation of premises to the disease recurrence was also discovered.
6. The algorythm of the diagnostics and treatment of chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis with the usage of a complex methods of research, including immunological, morphological and immunological research which we have worked out, allowed us to create the approaches to the treatment of the patients with chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis and for the improvement of the quality of life of patients and the prognosis of the disease.

Topicality and relevance of the theme of dissertation. According to the data of World Health Organization (WHO) the acute thromboses in the system of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are common diseases and seem to be actual medical and social problem. The frequency of the deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of lower extremities (LE) and pelvis accounts for 160 cases per 100000 of population. In USA 50-100 thousand of deaths due to thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery (PATE) are registered annually that shares 10-20% from the total quality of patients having previously thromboembolism. According to the numerous studies in 40-80% of cases PATE are missed at all, and in many cases the presumptive diagnosis is only made [V.Olie et al, 2014, France].
From the first days of independence obtained by our country, the reorganization of the system of public health care, the strengthening of the health of population and prevention of socially significant diseases has become of primary importance. As a result of measures being carried out including improvement of diagnosis, treatment of patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremities and PATE prevention, as well as the providing of high quality specialized medical aid to this contingent of patients in the surgical departments of emergency medical care there has been achieved decrease in period of hospitalized treatment from 10-14 days to 7-9 days.
The interest to the study of this pathology in the world is explained by its prevalence, high specific weight in the structure of the vascular diseases, tendency of illness to frequent relapses, and also by serious consequences such as chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). A situation is often complicated by the latent development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), when the correct diagnosis has been established only at the complications of the main disease as PATE. The situation is also aggravated by more than 8% of the lethal outcomes, connected with PATE, occurred in the patients who had previously urgent surgical intervention. In his connection the timely surgical procedure appeared to be the only possible way for PATE prevention. The surgical prevention of PATE with implantation of cava-filer (CF) is debated. Multiple complications of this intervention such as migration of endovenous devices, thrombosis, and formation of paravenous hematomas are causes for its total negative evaluation. On the other side the alternative proposals for use of extravenous devises like cava-clips (CC) have not been studied however their development and improvement continue in a number of angiosurgical centers. It is clear that the improvement of these methods will increase efficacy of the emergency surgical care in thrombosis of the vein of legs and prevention of PATE.
The research work has been carried out within the framework of the tasks considering in the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan of September 19, 2007, No.UP-3923”About main directions for further deepening of the reforms and realization of the state program for development of public health system” and Decision " About measures for the further deepening of reforming of the system of public health services " of 28.11.2011, №PP-1652, and also in the other normative-legal documents adopted in this sphere.
The purpose of research is to improve results of surgical treatment of acute thromboses of the veins of lower extremities and prevention of thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery by optimization of the therapeutic-diagnostic technique.
The scientific novelty of dissertation is as follows:
for the first time there have been revealed frequency and structure of acute vein thrombosis of lower extremities and pelvis as well as variability of genetic and molecular factors of the thrombophilia.
there has been confirmed the significant role of the mutation of gene of factor FV-Leiden in the development of deep vein thrombosis;
the new models of clip and advice have been developed for clipping of inferior vena cava and advice in order to prevent the thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery;
there has been shown that developed clipping devices in the clinic have no disadvantages and specific complications characterized for endovenous cava-filters (filter migration, perforation of the wall of inferior vena cava, retroperitoneal hematomas, infiltration and fibrosis);
there has been revealed decrease in risk for development of thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery in use of active surgical and conservative methods of treatment.
Conclusion
1. The observations during 11 years showed that the parameter of morbidity due to inflammatory-thrombotic lesions of the vein in patients treated in the RRCEMC remained to be approximately at the stable level: with minimum (14,5%) in 2004 and maximum (21,7%) in 2012. Thus the quantity of patients requiring in emergency phlebological care, certainly, was higher, stably, than at acute pancreatitis and ulcer disease. These values do not differ practically from the parameters over the Tashkent-city.
2. The relative frequency of sharp thrombotic lesions of the vein of the legs and pelvis in patients revealed in the specialized departments of the RRCEMC fluctuated from 4,1 to 8,1%, and mostly frequent in the patients of traumatological department (8,1%).
3. Under conditions of functioning of the service of the emergency care in the complex examination and monitoring of the patients with phlebothrombosis the ultrasound angioscanning is the main method. In this case sensitivity, specificity and accuracy ultrasound scanning of DVT under the inguinal fold reached almost to 96 - 100%, but at more proximal lesions these indices can descend to 65%.
4. The comparative analysis of the frequency of genetic changes of three basic alleles and genotypes in the patients with DVT showed reliable significant prevalence of the cases of mutation by gene of FV-Leyden factor (5,7 times) in comparison with healthy donors (P=O,O381, test).
5. The experiments performed have shown reliability of functioning of the devices for partial vein occlusions: in all cases it was possible to register a delay of embolus of polyurethane resin by cava-clip, (if the diameter of a piece of resin was more than 50 % from a patency of the femoral vein). Thus, there was histologically confirmed the absence of the expressed reaction of the vein wall tissues and retroperitoneal fat to the cava-clip made from titanium.
6. During revealing of the embologenic forms of the thrombosis in the system of IVC the method of cava-clipping with titanium clips of the own construction is a reliable and safe method of surgical prevention of PATE. The outside devices (cava-clips) have no complications characteristic for intravenous devices (CF), and even in the long-term period (to 12 years) were not a source of dangerous consequences.
7. The evaluation of the immediate before discharge from the stationary and long-term, till 12 years, results of surgical prevention of PATE with use of non-invasive cava-clipping devices shows convincingly advantages of the latter: the quantity of complications in immediate postoperative period at cava-clipping appeared to be most minimal - 2,2%, in comparison with implantation of CF -6,3%, and plication - 8,9%. In the long-term period the similar picture is noted -15,1 %, 23,6%, 32,0%, respectively.
8. At the conservative treatment of the patients with embologenic phlebothrombosis the repeated episodes of PATE we observed in 31,7% of treated patients, and the level of lethality reached 23,2%. In the patients receiving surgical methods for PATE prevention, these complications were in 2,9% of cases, and lethality in this group of patient was not higher than 0,8%.
9. Introduction into the clinical practice of the method of PATE prevention with clipping of IVC by titanium clips allowed 1,8-fold reduction of the number of rethromboses, 3,1-fold development of CVI in the long-term postoperative period and by 30% decrease terms of hospitalization of the patients.

Actuality- and importance of the dissertation theme. In the present circumstances, when it is observed the increase of internationalization trends, globalization and information technology in development of higher education1 in the world, the special significance is the improvement of teacher training mechanisms of preparation to effective communication of future specialists, as well as the development of their global thinking.
In Uzbekistan, since the first years of independence, it was reached the conclusion about the necessity of training of high qualified specialists in higher educational institutions at level of world standards as an important link of continuous education system, training highly spiritual and well-educated personalities firmly mastered the modem technologies and scientific achievements that have social and communicative activity.Rcforms being implemented based on the Law "On education”. National training program contributed to radically improvement of human resource capacity of education system, training of physically healthy, spiritually perfect and harmoniously developed young generation having the high intellectual potential and advanced knowledge, independent thinking*, capable to freely, sequentially and accurately express their thoughts, implementation of subjectsubject relationships in the higher educational institutions, modem personal-oriented education technologies, and as the important task is improving the training to technologies and techniques of effective communication of future specialists.
Global movements in the sphere of training of the high qualified specialists in the world in compliance with the requirements of developed democratic state building and civil society assume the training of students of higher education institutions to technologies and techniques of effective communication, development of such professional and personal qualities as communication culture, empathy and speech art. In researches conducted in the world in the sphere of training of higher education students to technologies of effective communication, the significant importance gains the issues of development of certain task-oriented module technologies, definition of human and national moral and aesthetic aspects of verbal and non-verbal tools of communication, development in future specialists the such qualities as culture of interpersonal, intcrcultural and public communication, moderator and supervision abilities, as well as the ability to analyze comprehensively, to think in a cohesive way and to discuss soundly. In this context, the important research and practical value is the improvement of pedagogical mechanisms of higher education students training to effective communication.
This dissertation work to a certain extent serves for implementation of tasks, defined by the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On the state youth policy” adopted in 2016, Decree of the President of the republic of Uzbekistan “On additional measures directed to implementation of the state youth policy in the Republic of Uzbekistan” dd. February 6, 2014 No.nil-2124. Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On measures on further development of the activity of the Tashkent State Pedagogical University” dd. May 13, 2016 No. 153, as well as the number of other documents and regulatory acts related to this sphere.
The aim of the research is improvement of technologies and techniques of preparation of higher education students to effective communication.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
it was defined the motivational, cognitive, active, technological and reflexive criteria of students preparation to technologies and techniques of effective communication, as well as the moral and esthetic peculiarities and variability of verbal and nonverbal communication tools;
it was developed the organizational and technological, effective and reflexive components of preparation model;
it was improved the methodical basics of students preparation to technologies and techniques of effective communication based on organization of extracurricular lessons of emotional and characteristic, intellectual and creative, correctional and development nature; 
it was developed the local and module technology of students preparation to technologies and techniques of effective communication based on the integration of specific targeted and organizational components;
it was proven the proposals and recommendations on improvement of moderator and supervision practice in preparartionm of students to effective communication.
Conclusion
Based on the researches given in the doctoral dissertation on the theme “Pedagogical opportunities of students preparation to effective communication technology and techniques” (case study of extracurricular studies), the following conclusions arc given:
1. Studies in recent years, scientific research in our country show the existence of the need for higher education institutions improve the training of future specialists for effective communication and pedagogical mechanisms of their globalization of thinking. Revealed the usefulness of extracurricular training opportunities in the implementation of these issues in the higher education institutions as the development of modular technology, focused on a specific goal, improving the moderator and Supervising practice, identifying human and national moral and aesthetic aspects of verbal and non-verbal means of communication, the development of communicative and emotional culture of the future specialists.
2. As for the dissertation topic, the nature communicative culture, communication, its structure, types, styles, means, factors of efficiency, communication and activity, its criteria were considered in the work. It was developed the content of pedagogical high schools’ students training to technology  and techniques of effective communication on the example of extracurricular classes on author's program "Art of Communication".
3. Identified and substantiated based on the examples of classes the opportunities of extracurricular work in students preparing to technology and technique of effective communication within the author's educational system. The theoretical and pedagogical, practical bases of the problem have been developed. It was shown the experimental training of pedagogical high schools' students to technology and technique of effective communication at extracurricular classes on mastering the art of communication, in particular, its technology and technique.
4. As the result of successful experiment, it was tested the developed and scientifically proven theoretical and pedagogical, practical aspects of the problem, it was obtained the positive results, based on which the relevant theoretical and pedagogical, practical positions, conditions, conclusions were established, adjusted and classified into the certain system, and the recommendations were developed as well.
5. The successful solution of the problem is due to several factors: definition and justification of the research idea, the author’s concept, system and pedagogical, practical approach to its implementation. The aims and objectives of the study were positively resolved as a result of provision of conceptual approaches, teaching theoretical and practical basis and the actual process of communication on social and communicative level.
6. The practical significance of the study is determined by drawing the models of organization of innovative activity of teachers in preparing students for effective communication, interpretation from a pedagogical point of view of the nature and content of the basic concepts for the study, the implementation of extracurricular activities program on the art of communication, aimed at preparing students for effective communication practice in universities.
7. The theoretical significance of the research: in the actualization of the meaning of the training of students; Disclosure of pedagogical possibilities of solving the problem; optimal conditions in the system; theoretical teaching and practical basis.
8. Main conditions, conclusions and recommendations were tested, implemented and applied in teaching practice of high schools. Availability of confirmation of their pedagogical efficiency and sufficient high effectiveness in preparing students to technology and technique of effective communication, in improving the communicative professional and pedagogical knowledge and capabilities.
9. Special attention in the preparation of students for the technology and equipment to communicate effectively paid to strengthening cooperation "teacher -student", "teacher - student", "student - student." Important importance in the integration of higher education institutions to pedagogical-psychological subjects with extracurricular classes.
10. Preparation of students of higher educational institutions to effective communication is seen as a personal, social and public and professional-pedagogical problem of national importance, as is aimed at education of socially active young generation in social and communicative sphere, with independent thinking, able to express freely and accurately their thoughts .

The urgence and relevance of the theme of disertation. The supremacy for all countries of the world of fundamental laws and freedom secured in the General Declaration of human rights (1948), has transformed to objective necessity of creation of effective legal mechanism not damaging the rights, freedom and legitimate interests of citizens, preventions of application of illegal measures of compulsion or other measures of influence on participants of criminal trial, observance of the international standards in activity of employees of law-enforcement bodies of each state on struggle against criminality, maintenance of a public order and public safety.
In the course of large-scale reforms spent in our country in the years of independence target measures on maintenance of human rights and increasing of culture of human rights of employees of law-enforcement bodies have been taken and achieved certain results. More than 80 international documents are ratified in the sphere of human rights and human rights are recognised as appreciated value. Resolution «About the National program of increasing of legal culture in the society» was adopted by the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan in which defined that philosophical, social, economic, psychological researches and legal problems of essence, the maintenance, structure and display of legal culture, revealing of ways of its formation and the further increasing should be considered as priority directions of scientific researches1. In the Ministry of Internal Affairs an Office on protection of human rights and legal support was established and its territorial departments (branches) and one of the primary goals of the Office is to increasing the culture of human rights in employees of law-enforcement bodies. The announcement of 2017 as «Year of dialogue with people and interests of human» in our country shows the concerns of protection and support of human rights .
In the world particular attention is paid to such directions as implementation the international certificates in the national legislation, perfection of the international and national mechanisms of maintenance of human rights, increasing of responsibility of law enforcement officers during protection and maintenance of human rights, legality observance in the activity and increasings of culture of human rights.
Dissertation in certain degree will serve realisation of measures concerning protection and support of human rights and the problems reflected in the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «About the organs of internal affairs» (№ ЎРҚ-407), the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan «About the program of the actions devoted to the 60 anniversary of adoption of the General Declaration of human rights» (№ПФ-3994), Resolution of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan «About the National program of increasing of legal culture in the society» (№ 466-1), the Decision of the Cabinet of the Ministry of the Republic of Uzbekistan «About measures on realisation of the National Program of increasing of legal culture in the society» (№ 235) and «About the statement of typical rules of ethical behaviour of workers of state bodies and enforcement authorities on places» (№ 62), The order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs «About the statement of rules of ethical behaviour of employees of law-enforcement bodies» (№ 82) and other corresponding legislative acts to the theme.
The aim of the research work is development of scientific conclusions and proposals for the development of increasing of culture of human rights among employees of law-enforcement bodies.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
interrelation and distinctive aspects of concepts «legal culture» and «culture of human rights» are proved, from philosophical-legal position, the essence of the concept of «culture of human rights of employees of law-enforcement bodies» is specified;
interrelation of concept of culture of human rights of employees of law-enforcement bodies with categories of a policy, philosophy and ethics is proved;
introduction of corresponding norms in the sphere of realisation of public control as one of factors of increasing of culture of human rights among employees of law-enforcement bodies is proved;
with a view of perfection of legal bases of maintenance of observance of human rights by employees of law-enforcement bodies introduction in the Law «About law-enforcement bodies» principles «legality», «observance and respect of the rights, freedom and legitimate interests of citizens» and «openness and transparency» is proved;
with a view of the prevention of illegal actions (negligence) of employees of law-enforcement bodies the order of reception, registration and consideration of references by means of «telephone hotlines» of law-enforcement bodies is proved;
for the prevention, elimination of the reasons and conditions of infringements of employees of law-enforcement bodies of service discipline and requirements of acts, their education in the spirit of strict observance of the rights and freedoms of human ethical rules of behaviour of employees of law-enforcement bodies are developed;
proposals and recommendations on elimination of the factors having negative influence on the process of formation and increasing of culture of human rights among employees of law-enforcement bodies are developed. 
The conclusion
1. Culture of human rights is the knowledge of cultural wealth, the international and national rules of law in the sphere of human rights and their implicit observance.
2. Culture of human rights of employees of law-enforcement bodies is the knowledge of employees of cultural wealth, the international and national rules of law in the sphere of human rights and their implicit observance.
3. The primary goals of formation and education under human rights consist of the following: first, formation of knowledge under human rights, their realization and guarantees; second, formation of feeling of the valid relation to the rights, to honour and advantage of the person; third, strengthening of a correct direction on protection of the person against various infringements of the law; fourth, formation of skills of correct application of rules of law at realization of the rights and freedoms.
4. In protection of the rights and freedoms of the person the term “mechanism” has in a greater degree remedial value according to which two parties - the party providing the right (state structures) and the party take place, having the rights and freedoms (citizens). At full performance by the party of the obligations providing the rights and freedoms of the person are provided. If the given party does not carry out the obligations, in this case a legal subject (the citizen, the person) cannot possess the rights and freedoms that the citizen leads to restriction of the rights.
5. It is possible to draw a conclusion that the policy in the sphere of human rights in our country is realised on the basis of following principles: fidelity to the conventional ideas and values of human rights and the international obligations as well; the policy in the sphere of human rights of our state starts with the basic national interests of formation of a lawful state and a strong civil society; a principle of balance of interests of the person, a society and the state, fixed in the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan; evolutionally stage-by-stage character of all realised political and social and economic reforms; an openness and transparency as Uzbekistan is ready to discussion and the decision of all problems in this sphere in common with all structures of a civil society and the international partners.
6. In the conditions of building of a lawful state maintenance of a principle of leadership of the law and legality strengthening, realisation of human rights provides formation in a society of culture of human rights and activization of participation in this process not only state structures but also institutes of a civil society.
7. As a priority problem of activity of state structures in formation of culture of human rights in the country it is necessary to define following basic directions: formation and perfection of legal base of protection and realization of human rights in the republic; creation of additional national structures under human rights; definition of measures on realization and to the relation to human rights; maintenance of close interaction of state structures and public structures; studying and introduction in practice taking into account national features of the international experience in the sphere of protection and realization of human rights.
8. Working out government programs on studying and research of questions of human rights, information distribution to sphere of human rights, in particular, wide use with a view of informing of the public of educational means are considered as priority directions of increasing of culture of human rights.
9. Structural elements of culture of human rights among employees of law-enforcement bodies concern the following: set of norms in the field of human rights; principles under human rights; process of working out the norms in the field of human rights; process of maintenance of human rights; level of mastering by employees of law-enforcement bodies of knowledge in the sphere of human rights and skills of their use in practice; professional etiquette and aesthetic culture of employees of law-enforcement bodies; lines of activity of law-enforcement bodies on protection of human rights. In this connection, the complex approach is necessary for increasing of culture of human rights of employees of law-enforcement bodies to perfection and aforesaid development.
10. Such categories of ethics as conscience, a debt, justice, honour, honesty have great value in professional work of employees of law-enforcement bodies. As, rules of law if people do not observe their requirements on the basis of the internal belief, the rule of law as though have not been established and implicit maintenance of human rights in a society will remain as problem questions. In this connection, formation of such qualities as conscience, a debt, justice, honour, honesty should be realised together with questions of maintenance of execution of laws carrying out of legal propagation.
11. Along with universal moral requirements special demands are made to employees of law-enforcement bodies from a position of their professional work as well. Execution of these requirements should not be carried out only by means of control and compulsion and importance their realisation by employees on the basis of personal, internal belief is represented.
12. Efficiency of activity of employees of internal bodies in many respects is connected with their culture of communication as well. Besides, maintenance of their rights and freedoms in the course of communication with people, inviolability is considered to be a professional duty. At the same time it is an indicator of their professional etiquette and aesthetic culture.
13. Moral and legal issues of professional activity of employees of law-enforcement bodies find their expression in such inherent people of common to all mankind values as humanity, justice, freedom, equality, respect of natural rights and personal freedoms.
14. The ethical culture of employees of law-enforcement bodies is a system of moral requirements (principles and norms), as a result of knowledge, requirements and values reflected in deeply realised moral actions of employees in the course of realisation of professional authorities. Qualitative and effective performance of duties by employees of law-enforcement bodies have the importance in protection of honour and dignity of human concerning which lawful measures are taken or a legal aid is given, maintenance of authority of the employees, colleagues and governmental authorities as a whole.
15. In view of multiplicity of employees of law-enforcement bodies and various peculiarities of service directions, not all of them have higher education or not lawyers. In this connection, relatively employees without juridical education and having specialized secondary education and it is expedient to pay attention to measures on studying the requirements of legislative acts, systematic bringing to all employees accepted regulatory legal acts again.
16. Based on international experience, expedient introduction of system of training the discipline of “Human rights”, taught by the chair of the Theory and practice of human rights of the Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, separately from specialities «Investigatory activity», «Crime prevention activity», «Operational-search activity» and «Forensic activity» depending on specificity of each branch service is represented.
17. Within the limits of scientific work it is expedient to develop the program of actions for increasing of level of awareness of employees of law-enforcement bodies relatively the international and national legislation in the sphere of human rights, application of knowledge on human rights in one’s daily service activity and increasing the culture of human rights among employees.
18. It is reasonable to define the measures on definition of knowledge of citizens in the sphere of human rights (by means of conversation and introduction of questions in this direction in test) in their admission to service and training in law-enforcement bodies, systematically train them to international and national legislation in the field of human rights in the process in the subsequent special vocational training, training in educational institutions of law-enforcement bodies and training and retrainings.
Conclusions on perfection of normative-legal documents connected with the culture of human rights:
1. Having proved scientifically the necessity of perfection of the order of realisation of public control as one of the factors of increasing of culture of human rights among employees of law-enforcement bodies, conclusion on significant value of adoption of Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «About public control» is made. The law offers to fix legally a subject of control of state structures and the public, its objects and subjects, principles and control methods, interpretation of the basic concepts, powers of realising state and public control of subjects, particularly, the necessity of realisation of control on the basis of principles of leadership of human rights and an openness.
2. Based upon the requirements of Law «About openness of state governmental bodies» and the articles 5 of the Law «About organs of internal affairs», it is expedient to develop the regulatory legal acts of the Ministry of Internal Affairs directed on maintenance of openness of activity of law-enforcement bodies. It is one of factors of maintenance of observance of human rights employees of law-enforcement bodies.
3. In Provision about the Ministry of Internal Affairs confirmed by the decision of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as one of the primary tasks of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is offered to reflect realisation of complex measures on increasing of culture of human rights among employees of law-enforcement bodies.
4. In Provision about the order of service in the organs of internal affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan confirmed by the decision of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan is offered to bring a position that fulfilment of service in in the organs of internal affairs consists of protection of rights, freedoms and legal interests of citizens, property of physical and legal person, constitutional system, maintenance of rule of law, safety of the person, society and state.
5. In the Disciplinary charter of the organs of internal affairs confirmed by the decision of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan as duties of employees of law-enforcement bodies in the field of observance and maintenance of service discipline is offered to bring in the following: knowledge and strict observance by each employee of the primary tasks and service duties; observance of rules of service activity and realisation of the powers established by the law; observance of the moral-ethical rules confirmed by the Cabinet of Ministers and the Minister of Internal Affairs; the respectful relation to all employees of the labour collective without dependence of a office; maintenance of nondisclosure of the secrets which are received in the course of execution of official duties and being under protection of the state and the law, private life data, health, honour and advantage of citizens; observance of requirements of discipline on realisation of the powers, work with physical and legal persons; exclusion of the facts of the offences connected with corruption, in fulfillment of service duties and day-to-day activity.
6. In the Law «About public service» which development noted in the report of the head of our state on solemn celebrating of the 24 anniversary from the date of adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan as one of the principal duties of civil servants is offered to fix legislatively observance and maintenance of the rights and interests of the persons and also a rule of ethical behaviour of workers of state bodies and enforcement authorities in places confirmed by the Decision of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 62 from March, 2nd, 2016.

Actuality and necessity of the topic of the dissertation. There is an increasing need for the study of human rights, particularly, the issue of children's rights and welfare due to the ongoing globalization process. At present, the rights of children and the maintenance of rightful welfare of a child arc considered questions of top priority and have been raised to the level of state policy in Uzbekistan. By adopting legal documents and state programmes on the consistent formulation of rights and welfare of a child, there arc more possibilities for the realization of the policy. However, on the grounds of social relations that arc unprcdictably changing as a result of the ever-rising globalization, an absolute and long-standing resolution of the issue requires regular improvement in the legal and organizational foundations for providing rights and welfare of a child.
Nowadays, an intensive era is posing us quite pressing and ever-changing questions on upbringing younger generation with sound spiritual and physical health. In the announcement of the year 2016, as the year of «Healthy Mother and Child», the issue of improving regulatory and legal framework on the maternity and childhood protection has been stressed with great importance. In fact, making further efforts on passing new laws that can meet contemporary needs of children and bringing them to practice with the most appropriate and advanced methods arc the topmost issues of today’s agenda. While creating the legal basis for the protection of maternity and child in Uzbekistan, it is immensely important to apply not only the recent advancements in international practice, but also the local values that emerge from the research of the history of child rights in Uzbekistan and harmonize with oriental mentality which reflects our centuries-old, time-tested values and traditions. Moreover, determining the structural enhancements in the realization and deployment of this matter public plays the key role in fostering the rights of child in Uzbekistan.
Likewise, to support the actuality of the dissertation, the following issues must be addressed in presented work: the fact that the topic of child rights have not been studied within the speciality of «Theory and History of Statehood and Law; History of Juridical Teachings»; the lack of comparative study of advantages and disadvantages of teachings related to its history; the existence of certain gaps in current legislation literature; and the need for developing new resolutions to the practical and theoretical challenges connected to an effective maintenance of child rights and welfare.
The suggestions and inferences reached within the thesis arc expected to serve, to a certain degree, for the realization of the following documents: the 2010, January 27, №1271 Resolution by the first president of the Republic of Uzbekistan On the National Project «The Year of Perfect Generation», the 2009, April 13 Prcidcntial Resolution №1096 «On Protection of Child's and Maternal Health, Supplementary Measures on the Upbringing of Healthy Generation», the 2011, October 14 №280 Decree of Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan «On the Supplementary Measures on the Improvement of Child Nurturing and Upbringing of Healthy and Mature Generation» and other pertinent documents.
The aim of the dissertation. To research the evolution and the genesis of the child rights in the territory of Uzbekistan and to develop legislative and theoretical framework derived from the comparative analysis of historical works relevant to this field. Thereafter, drawing appropriate conclusions from the accomplished research and making list of suggestions and recommendations directed at improving the current mechanisms on providing and defending child rights.
The scientific novelty of the research can be described in following directions:
- The topic of the genesis and the evolution of the child rights in the territory of Uzbekistan has been fully researched for each period in history through definition of legal concept of a "child”, his/her rights and interests along with legislative and theoretical aspects of the term.
- The definition of the term “product advocating violence and cruelty”.
- The research determines preparing, importing, disseminating, advertising and demonstrating products advocating violence and cruelty as an act of administrative offence.
- The research proposes the list legislative changes on issuing criminal charges for preparing, importing, disseminating, advertising and demonstrating products advocating violence and cruelty repeatedly after an administrative offence.
- The research proposes the list of recommendations on the improvement of legislative and executive mechanisms responsible for protecting and maintaining the rights and interests of the children.
Conclusion
Conccptional conclusion and constructing suggestions provided below arc based on researching genesis and revolution of rights of child in the territory of Uzbekistan by the viewpoint of “Government and Theory and History of Human Rights. History of Right Doctrine” and solving problems given in the dissertation.
I. Scientific-theoretical conclusions:
1. Historical aspects of child rights’ improvement: I. The ancient period. II. The middle Ages. III. The period of totalitarian regime. IV. The years of independence.
2. According to that our country is first to construct “child rights”, we can value this construction as unique legal phenomenon.
3. In following arc resources found in the territory of Uzbekistan on child welfare and rights we will designate steps of national viewpoints’ system about children and the role of them in society, child rights: notion of child and historical formation steps of national viewpoint’s system, directly, (Zoroastrianism, “Avesto” that is holy book of Zoroastrianism, historical written monuments in Turkic language, inscription of soghd, the laws of Yoso, folklore samples, indirectly, system (concepts of Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity religions that arc spread in the territory of the Middle Asia).
4. Islamic legal thoughts under which lies following trends of child rights: fetus and individual rights system of a child; fetus and family-based rights of a child; fetus and group rights of a child.
5. International Convention “On Child Rights” and the Law Of Uzbekiatan “On Guarantees of Child Rights” where child rights arc provided which arc in absolute harmony with rights shown Islamic Law.
6. In comparison legal documents of today has been widely changed than that of Tsarist Russia and Soviet, however, most of them arc of declarative feature.
7. In the years of Independence, we can show some steps of policies about the child rights racial, national and human discrimination of children; the public use of children as free labor force.
- adoption of national documents and the ratification of international standard documents absence of protection rights about health and education of the children;
- Child rights and welfare by first complex of laws and warranty of child rights during the famine; making the law that is declarative about child rights; 
during that period;
- Nurturing healthy generation and increase the quality of education.
8. Full observation of child rights After Independence of Uzbekistan systematic strategy of reformation that were implemented about providing child rights arc given in below: Formation of Law database that guarantee child rights and benefits and developing them (making national laws and ratification of international regulations). Establishment of institutional structure that provide child rights and development of them (state authorities, international organizations, non-profit organizations, funds, citizen’s self-governance organizations).
9. Improvement Efficiency and quality of education. Health Care and delivering healthy generation. Child - improvement of social protection system. Delivering moral perfect generation. Fetus - Construction of national action program to provide the child rights and execution of them: Naming years purposefully and on the basis of year program making movements. Programs of governmental actions. Juvenile Justice During the research we have faced necessity of definition of some concepts. And we analyzed the conventions that we had and we decided to definite them Juvenile founding- is Independence state organization that makes fair judgment on juvenile delinquency including rehabilitation, rc-socialation, prevention and control on providing the child rights.
Juvenile technology-is complex of actions including protection rights of the children which have conflict with the Law, development of the children’ individual potential to help them to grow up freely, supporting them to be perfect person, fighting against juvenile delinquency. Someone’s legal culture is seen as they are aware of the law and use them.
H.Suggestions that is related to development of legal documents and recommendation that is related to speciality
1. We suggest to change the term of “the child” and definite following: “the child is the human which their age is from the fetus to 18 years old” After research on the Islamic laws we can say that equality and pure bloodline rights of child remain as problem yet. Because of that it is is useful to implement to Today’s laws.
2. In the law of republic of Uzbekistan about guarantee of child rights and convention of child rights It is expedient to determine following tasks as duty of children:
3. To respect for the laws and the Constitution, to observe them; to respect for rights, independence, dignity and reputation of other persons; to care historical, spiritual and cultural heritage;
To act carefully to the environment; to obtain primary and secondary education; to be a loyal person to the homeland; to take care of parents.
4. The 15th article of the familial code of the Republic of Uzbckiston is suggested to be elaborated as shown below:
“Marriage age will be assigned 18 year old for men and women.
On the conditions of cxccusable reasons, in some situations (prcgrancy, child-bearing, declaration of teenager’s ability to act individually (emanciation)) marriage age could be reduced to a year at most by the district, town citizenship court where marriage is registered by the state, according to the request of marriage-seeker.
5. To accept “Juvenile Justice code of the Republic of Uzbekistan” and to make its performance step by step is of importance.
6. In crucial cases, to accept a law “About the representative (child ombudsman) for the child rights in the Republic of Uzbekistan”. Because of the fact that the Republic of Uzbekistan is a new developing country, at the same time, the realization of the representative (ombudsman) for the child rights in the Republic of Uzbekistan and Juvenile Justice make economic, social, organizational difficulties. These two organs have some aspects in common. For this reason, we primarily consider that it is much better to introduce the ideology of Juvenile Justice into life in our country. If there is a necessity of the institute of the representative of Oliy Majlis for the child rights, we think it is essential to establish an institute of children's ombudsman at next step.
7. To prepare and accept a law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “About protection from information that harms children’s health and spirit” covering all aspects of protecting from information that is a harm for child mature development.
8. A new article in accordance with “ About making administratively responsible for activities concerned to preparing, bringing, spreading, advertising and presenting of items propagating aggression or violence into the administrative responsibility code of the Republic of Uzbekistan” has been forwarded to add.
9. It is crucial to fill the Crime code of the Republic of Uzbekistan with an article in accordance with “ About making criminally responsible, if the activities such as preparing, bringing, spreading, advertising and presenting of items propagating aggression or violence arc committed after having administrative punishment”.
10. A suggestion of filling the 8” part of the Crime code of the Republic of Uzbekistan with the term of “An item propagating aggression or violence” has been worked on.
III. The results of conclusions about social survey
Social survey dedicated to the child rights has been conducted on the primary and finishing courses of the secondary special educational establishments with the participation of 417 respondents in the different regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The results of the social survey has been comparably analysed by three parts: regional, gender, age.
The results of analyses in accordance with the social survey arc below:
1. It has been made clear that the entire number of children has not got knowledge about age limit. For this reason, it is crucial to carry out more explanations about the notion of “a child” among children and olders, to teach special lessons putting more stress on this theme around legal subjects in the educational establishments.
2. According to the analysis of the results, children have some understanding about their rights. But, the children who arc reminded to show a good results could count only 5 their rights at most. For this reason, focusing particular attention on the raise of legal awareness rate of the children, the rate children know their all rights should be achieved. So, it is crucial to accomplish the instructions below:
-It is important to care about behavioral-legal upbringing of the child from early child age in a family. On one hand, parents arc a role model by their behavioral-legal behavior. On the other hand, legal awareness on the child may be formed by knowledge, instructions, explanations on the different conditions of life. In that case, elder people in a family should assimilate to the child the quality of being truthful, not taking other belongings without informing them, not insulting or biting others, not putting down, otherwise, they must give understandings about the outcome of bad behavior and take them under control.
-To raise legal awareness of children by special lessons and exercises in educational establishments.
-To increase organs of law propagation in local communities, to give special attention to the children with deviant behavior.
-Civil board of local community, proactive inspector of the internal affairs’ organ and “Community Guardian” increase the efficiency of cooperation of the social structure in this way.
-The age of a person play a great role as a main subculture of legality. It is important to take the physiological facilities relating to the age of a person into account on giving legal education and pedagogy to a person. The affairs of explanation and propagation among youth must be conducted in accordance with their ages and in more interesting, clear, effective ways with real examples.
-To raise legality of the society will not stop with any pass. It should be continued regularly and constantly.
3. It is considered that children want to know about their rights by mass media, special lessons at schools and jurist’s advice. For thid reason, first of all, the children should be informed by interesting news on mass media and preparation of lessons about child rights and duties. Secondly, to add new lesson hours about child rights and duties to the programmes of teaching jurispcrudcncy in educational establishments and to held interesting competitions on this field among children. Thirdly, to open special advising rooms for children in educational establishments. These legal advising rooms should make approach to every child individually and guarantee to keep all the materials belonging to them secret. Several opportunities may be created for the children by opening these advising rooms in educational establishment: if the child come across a problem, find something unclear to understand or want to acquire a legal knowledge, it will not be problem for them where to address; Strange people or routines seeming scary to the spirit of the teenagers, the child might decide to solve this issue individually or make a wrong conclusion based on doubtful sources. The specialist of legally advising rooms at educational establishment are aware of child’s behavior, worldview, familial condition much better other establishments; the existence these advising rooms arc safe and thrifty for the children; the existence of these advising rooms lead to proliferation of legal awareness rate and legality of the children.
4. Analyzing the results from the viewpoint of regions, we witnessed differences on children’s answers on the different cities and regions showed typical positions by different categories. For example, the answers of Tashkent city and Toshkent region sharply differ from other regions by the category of harmful information: respondents found entire questions difficult to answer or did not wanted it.
5. We witnessed more positive answers of primary courses in comparition to finishing courses for some questions at secondary special educational establishments. Actually, the finishing courses was logically supposed to show much better results comparing with the primary courses beforehand. So, we can make conclusions as showed below: the quality of acquired knowledge rate of the children at school in recent years is higher than the quality of acquired knowledge rate of elder children; or children’s intellectual ability has lowered on the teaching process of secondary special educational establishment.
6. We can observe gender facilities on some issues. For example, the number of children considering “the most essential factor in life - family” includes more girls comparing with boys. The answer of “ the most essential factor in life -intellectual ability” was given more by boys in comparison to girls. Besides that, boys attending sports is double more than the girls attending sports. Because of the fact that girls should grow up physically healthy as a future mother, the efficiency of attracting them to varieties of sport must be increased.
7. A number of real problems on the way of ensuring child rights that children face in life at the present time has been found by the assistance of the social survey. According to the results of the research, children have been worried by the issues of not knowing their rights, the absence of broadcasts relating to child rights, ignorance, children upbringing. Children consider that they arc not sufficiently provided with the freedom of speaking, entering to universities by grant, the right of obtaining information, the right of receiving education and other rights like that.
According to the collected data, it is found out that children want to establish stipends for straight-A student at colleges, only budgetary education system, the conduction of lessons as the ones of foreign educational establishments, the conduction of lessons on computers, all the lessons being taught in English, using free means of transports, organizing ertrancc exams to universities twice a year and creating easiness to enter universities.
These data explains two cases: firstly, it goes without saying that college students have some understandings about the life and studies of their peers abroad. Secondly, it shows that children have unwillingness to get rid of dependence to some extent.
So, as well as promoting straight-A student at college, conducting lessons through interactive methods, we have to proliferate organizing of interactive lectures based on giving explanations about the meaning of motivations by jurist and other specialists from the term of number and quality.

Topicality and relevance of the theme of the dissertation. According to the UN Office on Drugs and Crime, in 2014 the total number of people in the world who used drugs was 247 million people aged 15 to 64 years, of these, about 10-13% arc the group suffering from drug addiction '. In addition, the number of opiate (opium, morphine and heroin) users totalled about 17 million people throughout the world, of these, 12 million arc injection narcotic users. The injection drug intake significantly contributes to the epidemic of viral hepatitis В and C in all parts of the world. According to the data of “The UN World Drug Report for 2016”, 1.6 million people who use injected drugs are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, 6 million arc living with hepatitis C.
During the years of independence, as a result of systematic measures in the organization of drug treatment services in line with modem requirements, there were achieved positive changes in our country in rendering narcological medical assistance for the prevention and diagnosis of drug addiction, treatment and medical and social rehabilitation of drug addicts. According to the National Information and Analytical Centre for Drug Control of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the ratio of primary morbidity of drug abuse decreased 1.6 times in 2015.
At the global level, much attention is paid to the study of the role of personality-biological, social, psychological, clinical and psychopathological features, as well as a variety of pathophysiological and biochemical processes based on experimental studies in the pathogenesis and progression of opioid dependence with comorbid medical conditions for further optimization of rehabilitation measures. In this, the study of the features of comorbid somatic pathology in heroin addiction, in-depth studies of pathobiochcmical changes and optimization of treatment strategies to reduce the recurrence of the disease and to achieve sustainable remission is relevant and significant.
This dissertation research to a certain extent serves for the implementation of the tasks set out in the in the Government Program “The year of a healthy child” approved by Decree PD-2133 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan of 19 February 2014, the Decree PD-1652 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On measures to further deepen the reform of the health system” of 28 February 2011, the Resolution No.11/11 of the State Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Drug Control “On the program of comprehensive measures to counter drug abuse and drug trafficking for 2011-2015” of 8 August 2011, the Resolution No. 01-14/47-17 “On the program of measures to counter drug abuse and drug trafficking for 2016-2020” of 17 June 2016, as well as in other legal normative and legal acts adopted in this area.
The aim of the research is determining the clinical, psychopathological and pathochemical aspects of opioid dependence with subsequent optimization of therapeutic approaches.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
the relationship between premorbid social deviance, genetic predisposition to drug dependency and socio-psychological factors that contribute to the occurrence of comorbid somatic diseases (chronic viral hepatitis В and C) in individuals dependent on opioids has been proved;
features of the opium withdrawal clinical symptoms and craving for the drug, taking into account the comorbid somatic pathology (chronic viral hepatitis В and C) have been disclosed;
the effect of concomitant liver disease (chronic viral hepatitis В and C) on the intensity of systemic oxidative stress and significant reduction of antioxidant system in the blood of the patients with opioid dependence have been proved;
on the model of acute and chronic drug addiction, we defined the key link of pathogenesis characterized by prolonged increased generation of active oxygen forms in the subccllular fractions of liver and heart tissues on a background of the depletion of endogenous antioxidant defense and accumulation of protein degradation products - middle molecular peptides in the experiment;
based on the results of the experimental study, we pathogcnetically substantiated the necessity of the early inclusion of antioxidants in complex therapeutic measures in heroin addiction and the need for their depot in the liver in the treatment of drug addiction.
Conclusion
On the basis of the conducted studies on a doctoral dissertation “Clinical and pathogenetic aspects and optimization of therapeutic tactics in case of heroin addiction (clinical-experimental study)” the following conclusions are presented:
1. The most important socio-psychological factors that contribute to the emergence of comorbid somatic pathology of the liver (chronic viral hepatitis В and C) in patients who arc dependent on opioids arc: the early stages of the first trial of psychoactive substances (10,3%), early onset of systemic narcotization with a primary parenteral method of drug administration (31.5%), multiple drug use in the immediate vicinity (45.1%).
2. Comorbid somatic pathology of the liver (chronic viral hepatitis В and C) helps to increase the length and severity of the clinic of opium withdrawal syndrome due to the prevalence of psychopathological, algic, dissomnic disorders (34.6% versus 16.3% in the group of patients without comorbid pathology).
3. The distribution of the frequency of the pathological attraction to drugs revealed that the severe degree of the pathological attraction to drugs is characteristic of 36.9% of dependents on opioids with comorbid somatic pathology (chronic viral hepatitis В and C) and 8.6% of dependents on opioids without comorbid pathology, proving the contribution of the factor of comorbidity on the severity of the disease.
4. The study of personality characteristics revealed that drug users with chronic viral hepatitis В and C represent the individuals with severe difficulties in social adaptation, anxiety and depressive background of mood, which were often associated with the state of their physical health. The opioid dependents with comorbid disorders found external locus of control and arc characterized by personal immaturity, emotional and volitional characteristics, cognitive functions by detecting a correlation with the disease duration.
5. Comorbid pathology of the liver in opioid dependence contributes to significantly greater systemic oxidative stress and reduction of the antioxidant blood system. The intensity of the generation of reactive oxygen species in the blood of opioid-dependent people increases with the duration of narcotization and related liver disease, manifesting an increase of malondialdehyde, middle molecules of peptide and inhibition of catalase activity in relation to the control. The correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation with the duration of withdrawal symptoms in opioid-dependent people with comorbid pathology with increased values of middle molecules peptide (r=0.56) and negatively correlated with the activity of catalase (r=-0.66).
6. One of the molecular mechanisms of the pathogenesis of opioiddependent people is a pronounced oxidative stress, which manifests itself by prolonged increased generation of reactive oxygen species in the subccllular fractions of liver and heart tissues on the background of the depletion of endogenous antioxidant defense and accumulation of protein degradation products - middle molecules peptides. We established the trigger role of reactive oxygen species in the degradation of macromolecules of proteins in heart tissues, which indicates the development of prolonged endotoxemia and myocardial dysfunction even after the compensation of the oxidative stress, making it difficult for abstinence.
7. The optimized therapy including antioxidants - alpha-tocopherol acetate has a significant effect on the indicators of oxidative stress and antioxidant blood system of opioid- dependent people due to a lower level of malondialdehyde, catalase activity recovery to the control level. We substantiated the necessity of the early inclusion of antioxidants in complex therapeutic measures that can improve the therapy effectiveness, significantly reducing the duration of the opium withdrawal syndrome and the severity of craving for the drug.

The topicality and demand of the subject of the dissertation. In conditions of deepening of globalization processes in the world economy, the significance of transport infrastructure is rapidly growing. Optimization of this industry is implemented by the companies which achieved high results in the global system of transport and logistics. According to the data of the international organizations of the transport system and the World Bank, the share of the world market of transport services in the GDP is estimated in the amount of 4,2 trillion. USD (6,8%) and annually 110 billion tons of cargo and over 1 trillion passengers are transported and the number of employed in the field of transport services accounts for 100 million1.
In Uzbekistan since the first years of independence, the development of the transport infrastructure has been identified as one of the priority directions of the government economic policy. In this regard, as a result of targeted and consistent government policy, the country ensured transport independence, established a unified national transport system providing transport links to all regions. In particular, new railway - Tashguzar-Boysun-Wmorgan, electric railway “Angren-Pop" through the Kamchik mountain pass, as well as the highway “Kungrad-Beynov” have been constructed . During the independence transport services have increased 2,5 times, the share of services in total volume amounted to 26,7 %2.
The significance of this direction for the national economy of the country has been marked as one of the main tasks of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, who in his speech stressed that “it is necessary to develop and modernize the road-transport, engineering-communication and social infrastructure, therefore there is a need to develop forecasted parameters and to monitor their observance»3.
Providing the increasing flow of passenger and cargo everywhere in the world market of transport services enable to develop international relations, to improve the system, to ensure the effectiveness of the process and to implement innovations in the area of transport services. In turn, the further development of the market of transport sendees, optimization of the market based on the marketing principles, in particular, the priority of competition, modernization of the structure of the vehicles and manufacturing of the new goods and services on the international market through re-engineering has been determined as a prior task of economy require the search of positive solutions. From this point of view, the topic of this thesis confirms the relevance of this problem.
This doctoral research, to a certain extent, conduced the execution of the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № - 2313 “On the implementation of successive measures to develop transport and communications systems of modem telecommunications the creation of the engineering projects in the country” dated from March 6, 2015, the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan №4848 “On additional measures on ensuring accelerated development of entrepreneurship activity, comprehensive protection of private property and qualitative improvement of the business environment” dated from October 5, 2016 as well as the the programmes “Development and modernization of engineering communications and road transport infrastructures in 2015 - 2019, construction and reconstruction of national highway of Uzbekistan”.
The purpose of the research is to develop scientific proposals and practical recommendations aimed at improving the techniques of optimizing the transport services market on the basis of the marketing principles in conditions of the economy modernization.
Scientific novelty of the results of the study is the following:
the mechanism for synchronic requirements of innovative development and changes in the quality of the market under the efficient organization of the transport market for cargo transportation and expediency of extending coverage of licensing has been developed;
the proposal to reduce the time of cargo transportation on the basis of ensuring the correlation between the factors of cost and time based on the concept of “just in time” (by the certain time) in the activity of transport enterprises has been justified;
based on the effective use of technical-economic and operational potential of transport enterprises, the proposals for cost savings associated with increased volume of traffic due to the priority of competitiveness in target market segment have been proven;
proposals on improving the process of providing technical services to the vehicles in conditions of formation of the random value corresponding to the probability distribution of time intervals according to types of services delivered to clients in the system of providing technical assistance have been worked out;
forecasted indicators of cargo and passenger transportation for 2015-2018 with the account the correlation- regression interaction of the factors, influencing the volume of traffic on the transport services market have been elaborated.
Conclusion
The following conclusions have been developed on the results of the research in the doctoral dissertation:
1. Comprehensive disclosure of the economic content of the categories “transport services” and “transport services market”, contributing to the possibility of improving the theoretical basis of the activity of transport systems that have a direct impact on the optimization of the market through the formation of market prices as a result of the correlation of the categories of supply and demand in the market of transport services has been implemented.
2. While researching the problems of optimization of the transport market the efficiency of using the system - hierarchical approach, the existence of structural and functional groupings in a hierarchical system, the possibility of accepting, processing and use of large amounts of information that will ensure the integrity problems related to the optimization of the transport market has been justified.
3. In the framework of this research, based on the innovative principles of the organization of the transport market, the priorities of the development of the internal and external environment of monitoring marketing activities, achieving the benefits of competition in the transport services market and coverage of licensing create opportunities ensure compliance with regulatory, account of the degree of system principles of financial support and estimated results.
4. Through the effective use of technical, economic and operational ability of the transport industry, by providing benefits of competition in the targeted market segment, the economy of variable and increased volume of traffic in the group technical and operational performance has been proven. The cost of transport services was introduced in variable expenses in the group of technical and operational performance, which ensured their stability in relation to the number of products.
5. In terms of economic independence of subjects of the transport services market and limiting the possibility of obtaining information about market participants the advantages of the research of the cargo transportation market by applying the method of expert systems, analysis, forecasting and planning in comparison with other methods have been substantiated. In qualifying group of mathematical methods a variety of material - technical base of the transport system, the various functions of fixed assets and their constructive solutions complicate the solution through a unified approach that requires taking into account the peculiar qualities of individual vehicles, transported goods or passengers used for planning and forecasting of transport.
6. Evaluation method of activity of the enterprises of auto transport on the basis of integral indicators that take into account the mutual influence of internal and external factors in the process of providing transportation and logistics services proposed in the thesis, create the ability to control the process of ensuring the required quality of services,ensure proporcionalmente opportunities for the company and client, sustainability of local capacities, especially in the implementation of innovative measures aimed at strategic development.
7. Effective organization of the system of rendering services to the auto transport vehicles has been proposed and implemented in practice, the method of simulation the number and types of vehicles, which enables to increase the degree of diversification in the provision of technical services. This method is used in complicated cases of unforeseen circumstances when using continuous distribution, methods of providing random values used in the probability distribution of the time of arrival of business In the conditions of economic independence of subjects of the market of transport services and limit the ability of receiving complete and ongoing information about the participants of the market was justified by the advantage of application of system methods of experts, study of cargo transport, analysis, forecasting and planning in comparison with other methods.
8. To ensure the benefits of competition in the market recommendations on the formation of methodology of the marketing communication strategy of transport, taking into account the complexity of the provided transportation and logistics services, significant financial resources spent on marketing communications have been developed.
9. The determination on the basis of points of evaluation by experts of the degree of influence of factors affecting the competitiveness of the transport market is considered to be efficient. Here is the analysis of market factors that have a significant impact on competition, the definition of intensity and competition. The main stages of solving these tasks enable to assess the environment of market competition, and enterprises, to analyze the efficiency of information support of marketing decisions, compare results, and to develop necessary conclusions and recommendations.
10. Based on the developed indicators it has been identified that road transport of the republic by 2018 compared to 2015 the turnover is supposed to increase by 8,9%. The average distance of transportation will decrease by 2.4% which will lead to an increase of 11,6% of the volume of transported cargo. In this period road transport passenger turnover and average distance of transportation will increase respectively by 13,5% and 10,1%, and the number of passengers will increase by 3,5%.

The urgency and relevance of the topic of the dissertation. The whole international experience shows that currently in the global economy the importance of information and communication technologies sphere, including the manufacture of computer and telecommunications technology, software development and the provision of on their basis a wide range of interactive services are increasing rapidly. Based on the experience of countries with a huge potential in this area, such as South Korea. Germany. USA. China and India, the development of the above areas, in turn, helps to speed up innovation progress and development of export potential, investment activity, the employment rise and the acceleration rise of economic development . According to the data. 5 percent of global GDI* accounted for a share of the ICT sector and by 2020 this figure will exceed 9 percent.
From the first days of independence, great attention is paid to the development of infonnation and communication technologies rapidly as one of the important sectors of the economy and targeted program measures have been implemented. Particular attention was paid to the telecommunications sector development and some results were uncovered. On the part of enterprises operating in this area in 2015 services in the amount equivalent to 4.7241 tnllion UZS were provided and 7 projects in the telecommunications sector in the total amount of 223.390 million dollars USA were carried out and also just 248.79 million dollars USA from projects included in the investment program were disbursed. Today, on the further deepening of the reforms in our country «tasks such as the modernization of industries and regions, improving their competitiveness, the development of export potential must be at the center of our attention. This requires more active attraction of foreign investments, advanced technologies, and infonnation and communication systems in all spheres of activity» .
Despite the investment activity support on the part of the state to create a favorable investment climate, there are several problems hindering the investment processes development in our country and in foreign countries. A comprehensive study of existing problems for the investment activity development, the suitable investment environment creation in the country, ensuring financial stability and investment attractiveness of communication enterprises, and development of practical recommendations for further decisions on the management of investment activity in the telecommunications sector justifies the relevance of the dissertation topic.
This dissertation research to some extent promotes implementation of the tasks of the Integrated Programme of the Development of the National Information and Communication System of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the period 2013-2020 years, the parameters of which are determined by the Decree №1989 of 27 June of 20l3of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan «On measures for further development of national information and communication system of the Republic of Uzbekistan» and the Order № UP-4848 of October 5.
2016 the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan «On additional measures to ensure the rapid development of business, all-round protection of private property and die qualitative improvement of the business climate».
The aim of the research work is the development of research proposals and practical recommendations to improve the organizational and economic mechanism for effective investment activity management in the telecommunications in terms of economic modernization.
The scientific novelty of the research workconsists of the following:
an integrated indicator of an efficiency evaluation of investment activities management in telecommunications, and also the system of indicators including the indicators characterizing efficiency of services, degree of personnel qualification, efficiency of investing activities organizational and technical and indicators of enhancement of management in an industry is improved;
the two-dimensional linear regression model of the net profit connected with the amount of involved investments and costs are worked out;
suggestions for improvement of organizational and economic state regulation machineries of investing activities in the telecommunications, considenng price policy, licensing and insurance are developed;
offers on increase in investment appeal of the telecommunications subjects on the basis of such factors as stimulation on zones and creation of the favorable investment climate are developed;
the strategy of development for investing activities of the company for 2017-2025 on the basis of innovative development requirements of the JSC «Uzbektelekom» company in the conditions of national economy development is proved;
the prospects of enhancement and implementation of digital television and broadcasts through network of the national operator, investment attraction on development of intellectual and interactive services are proved.
Conclusion
In die process of die research on die theme« Improvement of organizational and economic mechanisms of effective investment activity management in telecommunications» die following scientific and practical recommendations are developed:
1. System methodological approach on organizational and economic mechanisms enhancement was developed on the basis of process studying of investment activities management, functions and the purposes which creates the soil for effective investment activities management in telecommunications.
2. The international tendencies of development of investment processes were given in die telecommunication sphere in die conditions of globalization where some data of die international telecommunication operators were considered in comparison with the national operator, and also the rating of the countries of die world on indexes of die telecommunication sphere was given. It formed a basis for improvement of the provision in tlie rating of die countries of the world of die national operator on indexes in the telecommunication sphere.
3. Methodological approach of investment activities management system development in telecommunications and indicators system and its efficiency which is reasonable for putting into practice, were elaborated.
4. The assessment methodology of investment activities management in telecommunications, parabolic model ofthe attracted investments volume change and exponential model of expanses chang were developed. The two-dimensional linear regression model of a net profit connected widi the amount of the attracted investments and expenses were developed. This methodology and models will serve effective investment activities management in telecommunications.
5. The internal and external factors that influencing investment activities in telecommunications were classified and also SWOT analysis of JSC «Uzbektelekom» investment attractiveness assessment on main competitors which results allowed to manage the company investment activities effectively.were carried out.
6. Analyzing activities by regions of operators and providers of Internet services provision of Internet services was studied dividing them into several zones and the share of their market is determined. It was as a result revealed need of accounting of privileges by zones in case of accomplishment of investment projects in development of Internet services. As a result, development of Internet services in the context of implementation of investment projects in areas of regional interests should be taken into account.
7. Tendencies of development of the telecommunication market and increase in investment attractiveness of the telecommunication spliere were analysed. The interactive and intellectual services, services of digital television provided by the entities of a telecommunication industry and accomplishment of the investing program directed to provision of broadband telecommunication services, as a result that formed a basis for development of telecommunication services are analysed.
8. Indicators of development of a telecommunication industry and the executed projects of JSC «Uzbektelekom» on the basis of which it is reasonable to implement offers on effective management of investment projects were studied.
9. The strategy of development for investing activities of the company on the basis of grouping of the organizational and economic mechanisms influencing management of investing activities of the telecommunication sphere and also on the basis of studying of opportunities and problems of the JSC «Uzbektelekom» company is developed. This strategy will be a basis for effective management of investing activities of JSC «Uzbektelekom» in the long term.
10. The perspective directions of increase in investment appeal and ball system of integrated performance indicators of investment activities in telecommunications in the conditions of economical modernization were developed. The assessment of conceptual model investment appeal of the companies operating in telecommunicationsare developed. In turn, it gives the chance of determination of the directions of increase in investment attractiveness in telecomm unications.
11. The forecast of JSC «Uzbektelekom» indicators calculation till 2020. in particular, indicators of investment, costs, profits, a net profit, change of performance indicators of investment on a net profit in modernization, inertial and innovative options were drawn. These indicators underwent approbation in practice and shall be considered in the further forecasts.

The aim of the research work is to determine the characteristics of neurohumoral mechanisms of heterogeneity of the metabolic syndrome, clinical manifestations of the disease to improve the criteria of early diagnosis and the gradual optimization of ways of therapeutic correction.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows: justified by the relationship of the basic pathogenic mechanisms of MS associated with secretory activity of adipose tissue, neurohumoral, adrenergic, inflammatory mechanisms, remodeling of blood vessels and the heart and the extent of their participation in the formation and progression of MS; revealed elevated levels of factor free leptin and decreased levels of leptin receptors, which are one of the reasons for the early development of leptin resistance; determined the increased activity of SAS associated with lower levels of MAO, associated with a sharp increase in LPO activity that is qualitatively modifies the catalytic properties of the enzyme; proven to increase the level of antineutrophil autoantibodies ANCA, is a predictor of early stage ED and increased IGF-1 as a marker of the early development of the heart and vascular remodeling; provento the increase of the level of autoantibodies cardiomyocytes COM-02 is a predictor of cardiac remodeling with early development of left ventricular hypertrophy; pathogenetically grounded approach to the complex therapy of MS with the inclusion in the scheme of treatment of hypertensive, antiadipose and hypolipidemic drugs to optimize the management of patients with MS the presence of hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia.

The aim of the research work The aim of the study is to determine the features of clinical and functional disorders in rheumatoid arthritis on the background of the influence of environmental factors and the optimization of preventive and curative interventions in this disease.
Scientific novelty1 of the research work:
The role of xenobiotics (Al and Ni) in the development of the mechanism of early destruction of joints, contributing to the progression of the aggressiveness of articular syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis, is proved and justified;
revealed a decrease in cellular immunity and a violation of the expression of a number of differentiation antigens on the background of hypoprogesteronemia in women of reproductive age with rheumatoid arthritis;
revealed progression of apoptosis of T-cells against a background load of hydrogen fluoride and proved its role in the immune system imbalance in rheumatoid arthritis;
the peculiarities of the dynamics of clinical manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis depending on the patients’ living areas and the environmental risk factors (N02, FH, Cd, Al va Pb), which contribute to the formation of systemic manifestations of the disease, are identified;
the degrees of climatic comfort for this disease were developed on the basis of the dynamics of clinical activity and the remission process under different climatic-physical parameters (Ki, S, Km and Ksr);
the importance of preventive measures with correction of progesterone insufficiency in rheumatoid arthritis is substantiated and the effectiveness of this tactic in maintaining long-term clinical remission of the disease is proved.

The aim of the research work is reveling of protein and isozyme markers, studying of their inheritance related with economically valuable traits of cotton and wheat, and their use in phylogenetic analysis (cotton).
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
for the first time on the basis of the data compiled for the reference spectrum of the three groups of proteins (water, buffer and sparingly soluble), allowing to describe electrophoretic passport of the individual cotton species and varieties;
determined relationship of the inheritance of protein markers with a number of agronomic characters of the cotton plant.
it shows that homology between one genomic species group is greater than the homology between species of different genomic groups.
G. raimondii species by protein composition exhibits relationship to the species with genomic groups Ai and A2;
established that frequency of occurrence of different populations of wheat varieties cultivated in different regions of the Republic, is different and may vary from year to year of cultivation, which in turn may be related to adaptability of the biotypes of intravariety populations to the specific agro-climatic conditions of the environment;
determined of the gluten content of the wheat varieties from different regions of the Republic, shown that this value is different in the studied samples, indicating about influence to this trait agro-climatic and agronomic conditions;
on the basis of the conducted researches released bread wheat variety «Pakhlavon».

The aim of the research work is the hybridization of amphidiploids obtained according to the scheme [G. thurberi Tod. x G. raimondii Ulbr.) x G.arboreum L.] x G.hirsutum L. with cultivars G.hirsutum L. and G.barbadense L. And the developing of genetically enriched polygenomic new inter-species composite hybrids of families and lines.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
for the first time, new 4 and 5 species composite interspecific hybrids were developed, based on the hybridization of the amphidiploid with a composite structure {[(G.thurberi Tod. x G.raimondii Ulbr.) x G.arboreum L.] x G.hirsutum L.} with cultivated species G.hirsutum L. and G.barbadense L
the formation and variability of the main agronomically valuable traits in interspecies composite hybrids (up to Fs) developed with the participation as the maternal form of the amphidiploid {[(G.thurberi Tod.x G.raimondii Ulbr.) x G.arboreum L.] x G. hirsutum L.};
correlation relationships of some agronomically valuable traits in newly created interspecies and backcross hybrids have been determined;
the possibility of identifying carly-maturity, productive recombinants and families with high yield and fiber quality, weight 1000 seeds, is grounded. Seeds, i.e., with a set of agronomically valuable traits by overcoming the negative correlation links of the interspecific composite hybrids of cotton that arc manifested in agronomical characters;
the importance of backcrosses in the developing of genetically enriched, with a positive complex of agronomically valuable traits of recombinants in the production of polygenomic interspecies hybrids of cotton with positive transgressive variability of attributes and properties, is proved;
new varieties SP-1303, SP-"Kamolot", S-1306 and S-7277 were developed with a set of economically valuable traits from polygenomic cotton lines.

The aim of the research work includes complete inventory of the flora of Baysun phyto-gcographic region, determination its botanical and geographical borders as of independent region in the South-West Gissar district of the Central Asian Mountain province.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
for the first time, contemporary checklist of the flora for the Baysun botanical and geographical region was compiled, including 1564 species, 524 genera and 89 families;
three new species for science were described (Jurinea tschernevae Tojibaev & Turginov, Iris khassanovii Tojibaev & Turginov, Allium decoratum Turginov & Tojibaev) and for the first time 16 new records for the flora of Uzbekistan and 15 new records for the flora of the Gissar range were given;
it was determinate of botanical-geographical border of the research area;
new populations of rare and endemic species were found, such as Dionysia hissarica Lipsky, Allium majus Vved., Ferula tuberifera Korovin, Ungernia victoris Vved., Sternbergia fischeriana (Herb.) M.Rocm., Dimorphosciadium gayoides (Rcgcl & Schmalh.) Pimenov, Astragalus tupalangi Gontsch.;
for the first time, an electronic database reflecting the current taxonomic content of the flora of the Baisun botanical and geographical region and GIS maps of species distribution were developed.

The aim of the research work the aim of the research work is to work out the technology of getting details on the basis of the content of anti-frictional composite wood-polymeric materials for machine-building from the local raw materials.
Scientific novelty of the research work. The scientific novelty of the study consists of the following items:
change of physic mechanical properties of compositions from the content and type of thermoplastic polymers, carbon graphite fillers and various additives and also level of consolidation of wood by the modified polymeric compositions arc elicited; composition wood-polymeric materials on the basis of local wood - a poplar, willow and the modified polymers and production engineering of their reception by a preliminary dispersion mineral carbon graphite fillers arc developed; on the basis of complex researches on study influence carbon graphite fillers on physic mechanical and anti-frictional properties of thermoplastic polymers the optimal maintenance of fillers providing creation of is antifriction-wear proof composition wood-polymeric materials for machine-building arc elicited;
by researches of UR-spcctroscopy and microscopic structure of composition wood-polymeric materials it is proved that, the densely-grown together structure of all components of a composition wood-polymeric material, which is formed because of the chemical bond of corpuscles polyethylene and initial ingredients is observed;
as a result of studying of physic mechanical and anti-frictional properties of the developed composition wood-polymeric materials on the basis of local wood and the inoculated polymers it is installed that composition of wood-polymeric materials possess high toughness characteristics, low coefficient of friction, high wear proof and the raised reliability while in service in various environmental conditions of Uzbekistan;
influence of technological and operational factors on properties of composition wood-polymeric materials arc installed. also concrete recommendations for intelligent use of these potential opportunities of the materials in knots of a friction of tools of cotton machines and the mechanisms working in the conditions of a high dustiness of the environment is developed.

The aim of the research work is development of efficient design of working details and mechanisms of saw gins.
Scientific novelty of the research work: effective and resource efficient constructions of saw gin mechanisms have been developed; analytical method of indication of law for motion of rotor drive and saw gin beam has been developed; estimation method of random reflection from cotton and support with non-linear stiffness is calculated; the rule of oscillating motion on resilient support is identified with analytical method; active parameters are developed; a method of friction decrease between short fibers and saw gin mechanisms is developed.

The aim of the research work is identification of membrane disorders of liver, mitochondria of white rats in the conditions of experimental diabetes and its correction with salvifolin diterpenoid and glikorazmuline substance.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
the membrane-active properties of the diterpenoid salvifolin and glycorazmulin were revealed for the first time;
it was demonstrated in vitro experiments concentration-dependent influence of salvifolin and glikorazmulin on ion channels and bioenergetic processes of mitochondria isolated from liver of healthy animals;
for the first time it was proved antioxidant properties of salvifolin and glikorazmulin, their inhibitory effect on mPTP, an effective impact on mitoKATP-channel activity and ATP synthesis process at experimental diabetes;
it was defined change in the passive permeability of mitochondrial membranes of liver at experimental diabetes and corrective influence of salvifolin and glycorazmulin;

Aim of the study. Assessment of the role of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in the formation and prediction of unstable atherosclerotic plaque in patients with atherosclerotic lesions of the carotid arteries.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
it was proved the relationship between the level of MMP, TIMP and performance color duplex scanning of extracranial departments of brachiocephalic arteries;
it was proved the correlations of MMP levels and severity of carotid atherosclerosis and the relationship of level of MMP and TIMPs depending on the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaque (AP) of carotid arteries;
it was revealed the correlation of MMP-9, TIMP-1 with indicators of vascular remodeling in the AP.
Implementation of the research results. Based on the results of the study of changes in MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels depending] on the degree of stenosis of carotid arteries in patients with carotid atherosclerosis: a «Program for predicting cardiovascular complications in carotid atherosclerosis» was developed. This program is used to predict complications of carotid stenosis.
The methodological manual «Pathogenetic mechanisms of instability of atherosclerotic plaque: matrix metalloproteinases, their inhibitors and zinc» and methodical recommendations «Method for predicting the instability of atherosclerotic plaque» have been published. The results are implemented in the activities of the Central Clinical Hospital No. 1 of the Medical and Sanitary Association, Tashkent Medical Academy (Ministry of Health conclusion No. 8n-d /78 of January 22, 2016). As a result, a method has been developed to effectively assess the instability of atherosclerotic plaque and predict the unfavorable course of atherosclerosis and its complications; this made it possible to identify early patients with unstable atherosclerotic plaques, to determine effective prevention and treatment approaches for this disease.

INTRODUCTION (abstract of PhD thesis). The thesis is devoted to the study of the temperature dependence of the thermodynamic density of states, quantum oscillation phenomena and interband magneto-optical absorption in semiconductors in a quantizing magnetic field, and also the study of the effect of pressure on the temperature dependence of quantum oscillation phenomena in semiconductors with a nonparabolic dispersion law.
The aim of the research work. Simulation of the influence of temperature and pressure on the oscillation phenomena of semiconductors in quantizing magnetic fields.

The aim of research work is investigation of the state of the Bochner-Martinelli integral on the boundary in domains with the piecewise smooth boundary and in domains with the singular boundary, and application of the obtained results to the problems of the holomorphic continuation of functions.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
Theorems on the holomorphic continuation arc proved, as well as analogs of the Hartogs-Bochncr theorems on the holomorphic continuation of functions in bounded domains with piecewise smooth boundaries and with the boundary containing conical edges;
theorems on holomorphy arc obtained for functions represented by the Bochner-Martinelli integral in domains with piecewise smooth boundary that reinforce previously known Aizcnbcrg-Kytmanov theorems;
formulas of rearrangement and composition arc obtained for the singular Hcnkin-Ramircz integral operator in strictly pscudoconvex domains;

The aim of research work is the identification of biochemical, molecular-biological and ecological peculiarities of plants growing on the Aral Sea dried-out bottom, and assessment of their potentials.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
220 higher plants were identified naturally occurring in the territory of the Southern Aralkum 130 of them were found for the first time; the plants widespread in the territory under study were proved to be formed on the basis of Irano-Turanian flora;
concentrations of 38 elements as constituents of plant species and of 37 elements in the soil were measured; rhenium was found in the organs of plants under study and concentrations of free amino acids as constituents of plant species widespread in the territory under study were measured; role of phenylalanine and proline in adjustment of the plants to the stress factors was proved;
total proteins and peptides were isolated from the plants widespread on the dried-out bottom of the Aral Sea were studied, their antibiotic activity to pathogens of human organism was tested;
for the first time rbcL gene of Atriplex pretovii was found to consist of 488, 537 and 811 bp; 283 and 404 bp were identified in matK gene, and 577 bp were found in psbB-psbH regions, results of sequencing were included in EMBL-EBI database;
for the first time from molecular-genetic point of view Atriplex pratovii was proved to differ from other Atriplex genus plants and Atriplex pratovii interspecific and intergeneric molecular phylogeny by rbcL and /идгК genes was developed;
plant species widespread divided into ecological groups and bioindicating properties have been established.

The aim of research work is the study of translation-invariant limiting Gibbs measures for Potts and SOS models; the study of periodic limiting Gibbs measures for Potts model; the study of weakly periodic limiting Gibbs measures for HC model.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
for two state HC model conditions of the uniqueness of weakly two-periodic Gibbs measure are found.
The localization of translation-invariant Gibbs measures for Potts and SOS models is obtained.
For the antiferromagnetic Potts model (J <0) with zero external field on a Cayley tree of order two it is proved that on some invariant sets all periodic Gibbs measures are translation-invariant.
It is shown that all Gj.2)-periodic Gibbs measures are translation-invariant for the ferromagnetic Potts model (J > 0) on a Cayley tree of order к > 1.
For three state Potts model with non-zero external field on a Cayley tree of order к = 2 the existence of Gj2’-periodic (non translation-invariant) Gibbs measures is proved.
For q-state (3<q<k + \) Potts model on a Cayley tree of order k>3 a lower bound for number of Gp-periodic Gibbs measures is found.

The aim of the research work is completely analyze linguistic terminology of Chinese language, scientifically prove periods of evolution and ways formation of linguistic terms.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
Historical formation and their peculiarities were scientifically proved;
Derivational principles of Chinese linguistic terms, affixation, morphemic-morphological, lexic-scmantic, functional-semantic and syntactic structures of these terms were revealed for the first time;
Current situation of Chinese linguistic terminology, the way of enrichment linguistic terms from internal and external opportunities have been investigated;
Research disclosed and scientifically proved some prevent factors as synonymy, polysemy and their influence in translation of linguistic terms.

Actuality and importance of the dissertation theme. Cultural advance, economic development, and social political processes in the world express itself in the languages. Language is not only being an important means of communication among the people but also expresses its attitude to national customs: opinions belong to the level of cultural advance, emotional feeling of the speaker, occurrence and society. The more important is communication in the development of humankind, the more actual is expressing modal relations, feelings and emotional states.
It’s of great importance to observe the special peculiarities of foreign languages during the Independency in Uzbekistan. Learning foreign languages and researching enrich the knowledge about this country history, culture and grow relations of friendship and collaboration. The category of politeness is considered one of the emotional relations, which is connected with spirituality and human factors. In order to understand and realize spirituality first of all human should be understood and realized45 .Therefore, studying expression of the category of politeness is meant an important duty. Observing category of politeness in Turkish language, defining component parts and main forming concept of “politeness”, marking parameters and their appearing factors, describing its national -cultural, historical emotional peculiarities arc one of the actual duties of the linguistic. Forming of the politeness connected with the communication culture in the earliest steps of human society.
The aimof the research work consist of the usage of expressive means of politeness (morphological, lexical and syntactic) and social factors used in the category of politeness in Turkish language, expressive way of politeness, describing stylistic semantic ways of the category of politeness.
Scientific novelty of the research work is following. Lexica) semantically expression of politeness in Turkish language, morphological syntactic devices and their stylistic peculiarities of the category of politeness have been proved by the analysis of resources . speaking style, formal documents.
Non - categorical elements of the expression of politeness in another function of grammar have been defined, their scmantically-stylistic and functional peculiarities have been based; it has been approached semantically to the expressive meaning of the politeness, meaning and semantic development of the lexis expressing politeness have been distinguished and some new' lexical elements expressing politeness in the resources have been cleared up. Stylistic features supplying contrast meaning of the pronouns also mutually looks like other languages, and in Turkish language expressing politeness by the usage of relative terms at the same time, special aspects have been analyzed and proved; syntactic devices of the expression of politeness firstly have been observed and proved by the expression of address constructions: semantically and structural features of the proverbs; expressive peculiarities of politeness of the positive and negative sentences have been clarified.

The aim of research work: The disclosure of territorial features of the socioeconomic development of rural areas of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the development of proposals and recommendations for solving existing problems.
Scientific novelty of the research work: the scientific and methodological foundations of large-scale studies of rural areas have been improved;
A method for assessing the economic and geographical potential of rural areas and determining the level of its use;
The forms of accommodation of rural settlements, which have arisen in rural areas of the republic in various physical and geographical conditions, have been identified and justified;
Criteria for determining economic activity in rural areas of Uzbekistan have been developed and the method for calculating it has been justified;
The actual social and economic problems of rural areas and their administrative centers have been determined and analyzed in a spatial sense, scientific and practical proposals and recommendations for their solution have been worked out.

The aim of the research work. The aim of the study is to develop the theory and development of the scientific basis of wave propagation in the extended plate and cylindrical viscoelastic bodies associated with the environment.
Scientific novelty of the research work. The scientific novelty of the research is as follows: - the methods of solution and the algorithm of the spectral problem of the reduction to a system of ordinary differential equations with complex coefficients have been developed; - methods are developed for characterizing the damping property of a wave by a dissipative mechanical system; - it is determined that, under oscillations of a dissipatively inhomogeneous viscoelastic cylindrical shell with a viscous liquid, its dissipative processes proceed with the intensive, the closer the natural frequencies and the localization of the oscillation amplitudes near the shell; - it is determined that the significance of the phase velocities of waves in a viscoelastic medium (real parts of complex phase velocities) decreases by 10-15% compared to an elastic medium.

Relevance and demand of the topic of dissertation: At the present time, 90% of the world’s production of cotton fibre falls onto the cultivated species G.hirsutum L. An important aim of cotton breeding is the creation of varieties that have a higher yield, are early maturing, with a high gin turnout of high quality of fibre and possessing increased resistance to diseases and pests. The genetic material of contemporary varieties is not enough to solve this problem.
Scientific novelty of the research .
The genetic potential of introgressive forms, obtained with the wild diploid species G.trilobum Skovsted, G. Harknessii Brandg., G.lobatum Gentry, ruderal forms G.hirsutum L. ssp. punctatum var. purpurascens (Poir.) Mauer, G.hirsutumL. ssp. yucatanense were studied for the first time.
Biometric analysis of the formation of the population of hybrids and lines, obtained with involvement of introgressive forms from 1 to 14 generations were carried out for the first time. The relative contribution of genotypic and environmental variation in the total phenotypic variation of a number of agronomic traits was assessed by using analysis of variance.
Varieties and lines on the basis of introgressive forms involving wild diploid species G.trilobum Skovsted, G.lobatum Gentry, G. Harknessii Brandg., that characterized by high quality fiber, resistant to disease in combination with other economically valuable traits were obtained for the first time.
Data on inheritance and variability of quantitative traits of hybrids derived from involving introgressive forms were obtained. Dominant nature of inheritance of Fi hybrids resistant to Verticillium wilt was established.
An original scheme of transfer of wild species' useful traits into the genome of the cultivated species G. hirsutum L. by using hybridization of introgressive forms was developed. The advantages and effectiveness of introgressive forms' cross-breeding with varieties were identified in the creation of valuable breeding material in comparison with intravarietal hybridization.
It was established that introgressive forms of interspecific and inner specific distant origin are valuable donors of useful features to improve the genotype of cultivated varieties.
The forecast of efficiency of selection of highly productive recombinants can be seen in fissile generations.
It is established that most valuable are those breeding combination of genotypes that are F2 and F3 showed the highest extent and rate of transgression compared to other hybrid combinations.
Efficiency of selection or the value of a hybrid combination depends on the number of individual selections with high marks selected in F2. The selection will be ineffective in the case where the number of individual selections collected in F2 and F3 is low, despite the high ratings.

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. To date, in the development of cotton growing, great attention has been paid to the developing high-yield, high-quality fiber, early-ripening cotton varieties tolerant to unfavorable environmental factors. In the world, 75% of cotton production is in 5 countries - China, USA, India, Pakistan and Uzbekistan. According to the International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC) in 2017, cotton production will increase by 4% to 23 million tons, and sown areas - by 1% to 31,3 million hectares. It is also expected to increase the yield of raw cotton by 4% and will be 732 kg per hectare.
The aim of the research work is to study the effect of selective media with NaCI on callus cells, the production of amphidiploids by non-traditional selection methods, the detection of relatively homozygous families and lines using molecular tests, and the developing of varieties with early maturity and a set of high volume economically valuable traits.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows: cell selection was carried out on callus cells in selective media with NaCl and a method for laboratory evaluation of the selection material for resistance to chloride salinization in vitro was developed; by the method of embryo culture a scheme for obtaining amphidiploids was developed; amphidiploids were obtained between distant hcterochromosomc species G. hirsutum L., G. raimondii Ulbr., G. thurberi Tod., G. anomalum Waw., G. sturtii F.Muell., G. davidsonii Kell., G. harknessii Brand, and their backcrossing with the participation of species G. sturtii F.Muell., G. raimondii Ulbr., G. harknessii Brand., G. aridum Skov., G. triphyllum Horch.; on the base of molecular markers, early-maturing, genetically tolerant families and lines of cotton were tolerated to the wilt and genotypically homogeneous; on the basis of inoculation of the host plant with monosporous isolates V.dahliae and F.oxysporum, new cotton lines were developed, which possess high early maturity, yield, complex tolerance to wilt infection.

The aim of the research work The aim of the research work is to ensure the reliability of the primary measurement and secondary production and technological information circulating at various levels of the hierarchy of information management systems.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
developed methods and algorithms to ensure the required reliability of the measurement information;
the errors of multichannel analytical devices are analyzed, including the method for determining the error of measuring devices as a whole through the error parameters of the measurement channels and the achievement of the required reliability of the measurement information in the IMS;
an algorithm for controlling the reliability of information based on the existence of data redundancy and consisting of program blocks of preliminary control, conversion of communication levels and calculation of corrected values of controlled data;
solving the problems: ensuring the reliability of accounting for the operation of equipment and calculating current production capacity to determine the projected capacity at the required time interval of scheduling and operational management, calculation of the stability of production processes of the technological unit of the production site.
The outline of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, five chapters, conclusion, list of used literature, applications. The volume of the thesis is 124 pages.

The aim of the research work Is the development of methods and algorithms for analyzing and synthesizing elements and assemblies of radio tracking systems that significantly increase their monitoring and control potential.
The tasks of research:
analysis of the current state of the theory and practice of analysis and synthesis of tracking systems and the identification of trends in their further development and improvement;
solving the problems of constructing tracking systems and developing criteria for their effective functioning under conditions of inaccuracy and uncertainty of input effects;
structurally-parametric synthesis of the servo system, functioning in complex noise-signal conditions;
modeling of static and dynamic modes of functioning of elements and assemblies of radio engineering complexes and systems;
implementation of the radio tracking system.
The object of the research work are elements and nodes of radio engineering systems for monitoring and managing complex dynamic objects.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
a method for constructing servo mechanical control systems is developed, which ensures the expansion of the functionality of the synthesized system with the improvement of its characteristics;
the problem of fast-transferring a beam of a phased array antenna from one steady state to another is solved;
a goniometry device was developed that made it possible to build a control system with zero steady-state tracking error;
the tracking system is synthesized, which ensures a higher quality of regulation.
The outline of the thesis. The volume of the thesis is 122 pages of typewritten text, illustrated by 41 drawings and 5 tables.

The aim of research work is the social and philosophical generalization of scientific approaches and theories that have emerged in the context of conceptual discourse on civil society, as well as the rationale behind the proposals and recommendations to improve the activities of civil society institutions in Uzbekistan.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
for the first time the social and philosophical properties of the concepts "civil society conceptual discourse", "civil society information paradigm" were disclosed;
within the framework of modem conceptual discourse on civil society the social and philosophical ideas and views on globalization and information of civil society paradigm have been developed;
proposals to increase the civil society participation in the discussion of legal acts, democratic mindset of the citizens, problems monitoring in the system of social relations have been grounded from the perspective of philosophy;
innovative mechanisms to optimize the activities of institutions of self-government (the use of modem information technologies, preparing memoranda of social partnership, implementation of PR-tcchnologics in community outreach) have been developed.
Implementation of the research results. On the basis of socio-philosophical proposals developed in the framework of modem conceptual discourse of civil society:
University of Glasgow in Scotland has acknowledged an introduction of the terms a "conceptual discourse in civil society", an "information paradigm of civil society" into the scientific activities (certificate from the University of Glasgow. Scotland, as of November 1, 2016). These concepts arc of great scientific value in the study of civil society, as well as in creating conditions for the development of the new paradigmatic research;
socio-philosophical ideas and views within modem conceptual discourse became the basis for the proposals that have been used in the activities of the National Association of NGOs of Uzbekistan; have promoted to further enhancement of efficiency of NGOs in the process of formation and development of civil society, as well as improvement of democratic mindset and monitoring the problems in the system of social relations (certificate of the National Association of non-statc non-profit organizations of Uzbekistan №04-06/24-01 as of February 3, 2017). These proposals served to strengthen the cooperation of Family-Mahalla-Education and have been employed for the organization of regional training workshops, contributing to the qualitative satisfaction of the social and spiritual needs of the people and conducting the problems monitoring in the social relations system, the expansion of NGO experts to participate in the discussion of legal and regulator}' instraments;
a textbook entitled "A Civil Society" (NUUz Press, Tashkent, 2016) and teaching materials "Protection Technologies Against Information and Psychological Attacks" (NUUz Press, Tashkent, 2016) and "A Glossary of terms and Definitions on Civil Society Course" ("Turon Zamin Ziyo" Press, Tashkent. 2017) have been published by the applicant, dedicated to the improvement the mechanisms supporting the civil society institutions, the expansion of social orders system and increasing the role and participation of civil society institutions in the process of adoption and implementation the new regulations, development of non-institutional aspects of civil society. Wide implementation practice of "A Civil Society" course in national universities has contributed students to formulate modem concepts of civil society, obtain the skills of independent thinking, develop ideas of citizenship and establish an independent position on changes taking place in society.

The aim of the research work: Is the disclosure of socio-philosophical features of the development of interethnic relations in Uzbekistan, as well as the development of proposals to ensure interethnic harmony and stability in multiethnic societies.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
necessity of creating the concept of a national policy under the conditions of a multiethnic society is grounded, as well as the improved and adapted principles of such a policy as (multiculturalism, tolerance, pluralism, equality).
mechanisms of activity of the state, civil society and local self-government bodies influencing the development of inter-ethnic relations have been developed.
scientifically grounded on what ethnocultural pluralism and the paradigm of national policy is the social, political, legal basis for ensuring interethnic relations:
it is scientifically grounded in the thesis that such ideas of national ideology as equal rights, tolerance, cthnopluralism. multiculturalism contribute to the strengthening of interethnic relations:
proposals have been developed to improve the social status (at the levels of the committee or ministries) of national cultural centers as a constructive institution for the consolidation of intcr-cthnic relations.

The aim of the research work. The aim of the study is to reveal the features of manifestation, the causes of destructive ideas and their negative impact on national identity.
Scientific novelty of the research work. The scientific novelty of the study consists of the following items:
types, definitions, characteristics, criteria, historical and modem aspects of destructive ideas have been developed; a new methodical tool has also been developed (based on the object, subject, purpose and tasks, time and space, functions of destructive ideas);
the relations and assessments of the social reality of the entire system of phenomena, between agents (bearers of ideas) and counterparts (anti-carriers) in the spiritual sphere are revealed;
the principles of internal dynamics (degree, measure, change) of the spiritual sphere, segmentation (separation), accumulation (attachment), segregation (disintegration) of the ideas and ideology carried out in it, are grounded;
the system of change in the organizational paradigm about the influence of destructive ideas on national self-awareness is revealed, as well as the ratio of objective (changes, irreversibility of threats) and subjective patterns (national mental characteristics) of destructive factors that change stability (historical creativity, choice of civilization) in universal and national relations .

The aim of the research work
The aim of the research is to reveal the pragmatic-axiological significance of immanent design features in the development of artistic and aesthetic culture and to develop practical recommendations and proposals for improving the theory of design.
Scientific novelty of the research work
The scientific novelty of the study is as follows:
cultural intermediary features (creation of artistic and aesthetic values, their popularization and monitoring) of cultural organizations and social institutions to ensure harmony of artistic and aesthetic mechanisms (artistic and aesthetic need, artistic and aesthetic attitude, artistic and aesthetic activity);
scicntifically-thcorctical cooperation of design and art is proved, the transformation of their scientific-rational and artistic-aesthetic aspects is revealed;
revealed such immanent features of design as artistic imagery, creativity and creativity on the basis of utilitarian and aesthetic and pragmatic-axiological principles;
the factors of socio-cultural dynamics (innovative technologies, national and modem art styles) of design in Uzbekistan arc grounded;
revealed immanent features of design, artistic imagery, creative-creativity on the basis of utilitarian-acsthctically, pragmatic-axiological principles;
offers and recommendations on the use of such features of design activity as systematic, scientific validity, artistic-figurative modeling in the development of artistic and aesthetic culture were developed.

The aim of the researchworkis drawing scientific conclusions and making recommendations on the improvement of the sphere on the basis of philosophical-aesthetic generalization of conceptual theories formed within modern discourse of art criticism and fine arts.
Scientific novelty of the research workconsists of the following:
the impact of the relationship and collaboration between the synhamionistics (harmony of the objectives of society and creator) and polystylistics of fine arts on the social and spiritual development of the society has been revealed;
society was included into the triad: world - artist - recipient trio system of evaluation of fine arts, and the tetra (four) system: world - artist - recipient -society was created;
the principles of strengthening the interaction of national press and art criticism (objectivity, criticism ethics), polystylistic foundations and functional characteristics of art criticism were worked out;
suggestions and recommendations have been made on the ability of every recipient, the whole society and the public to play a role of an art critic, the importance of public opinion in this regard, and the need to enrich the value and analysis of artistic criticism with public opinion.

The aim of research work is to improve the system of demand formation and sales promotion in the trade of textile products, and to develop scientific, methodological and practical recommendations for the determination of international marketing strategics for the target market segments.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
Offered the mechanism of formation the demand and stimulation of sales of the textile production in the national and international markets based on economic, social and organizational methods.
Developed the methodology of “Direct marketing” in order to create a stable demand for the products of industry in the international markets and to create an optima) segment of reliable buyers.
The criteria for assessing the level of consumption and the system of media planning were developed in order to further promotion the sales of textile production.
Develop the indicators of perspective development of the share of segmentation the target international markets of textile products on the basis of the econometric trend model.

The aim of the research work is to improve the criteria for the formation of architectural ensembles and complexes, aimed at the further development of townplanning in Uzbekistan.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
justified that the urban aesthetics of the medieval traditional architecture of Uzbekistan was formed on the basis of the mutual arrangement of ensembles and complexes on the principle of enfilade, ramified enfilade and compact rods;
clarified the relationship between inherent in traditional medieval urban planning the main urban center of the city, and minor centers of architectural ensembles and the centers of Mahalla;
in the formation of the panorama of the city, criteria for the inseparable connection of the vertical accents of densely populated areas have been developed;
worked out experimental projects on creation of squares and ensembles by modernizing traditional methods of building ensembles;
established that in the years of Independence methods of planning of peculiar ensembles and complexes have been formed and a mechanism for their wide application has been created.

The aim of research work is to evaluate and enhance the structural and seismic safety of private residential buildings built from low-strength materials.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as following stages:
a methodology has been developed for the calculation of residential buildings erected from low-strength materials in order to ensure their structural and seismic safety;
an experimental-theoretical approach to the determination of physico-mcchanical and deformative characteristics of the material for the laying of bearing walls has been developed;
the effect of longitudinal forces on stresses in bent elements of a wooden frame in houses as "Sinch" is justified;
improved calculation of normal stresses in the bent elements of the wooden frame of buildings such as "Sinch", taking into consideration of decreasing on the basic stooping moment from longitudinal forces;
the nature of development of plastic deformation along wood fibers of wooden frame as "Sinch" type houses elements is substantiated depending on the level of the applied load and the number of load cycles;an experimental approach to the establishment of dynamic characteristics of natural oscillations of houses which made of low-strength materials with the use of a power-plant-vibrating table directed action, simulating seismic action.

The aim of research work is to work out the proposals and recommendations on the linguistic features and theoretical-methodological aspects of ICT terminology.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
on the basis of thematic groups of terms of ICT in the English and Uzbek languages, their lexical-semantic features have been defined;
the structural features of terms of ICT and derivative properties of terms in the English and Uzbek languages have been revealed;
the synonymic and antonymic relations of terms of ICT and inter-language similarities and differences have been studied;
on the basis of the English terminology of ICT, the methodological approach to unification of the terms of the same field in the Uzbek language and the creation of a bilingual dictionary of terms have been refined.
Implementation of the research results. According to scientific results and practical recommendations on the forming, development, revealing the derivational properties, their translation and lexicographical features in the English and Uzbek languages the following work has been done:
Scientific results obtained in the field of Lexicography were introduced into the practical activities of the State unitary enterprise «UNICON.UZ», «UZDIGITAL TV Company» (reference number 33-8/595 on February I, 2017, Ministry for development of information and communication technologies and communications of the Republic of Uzbekistan). The application of scientific results has helped to ensure the effectiveness of the international relations in the field of ICT, linguistic activity, reduction of error and misunderstandings in document exchange, and increased data exchange;
The English-Uzbek dictionary of terms of ICT terms was used in practical activities of the State Unitary Enterprise «O‘zbekiston MTRK mediamarkaz» (reference number 05-15 I 644 of the National Television and Radio Company of Uzbekistan. February 23, 2017). This dictionary senes to further improvement of the terminology of the radio and television industry and to eliminate problems that arise with the development of various official documents with foreign partner organizations;
Practical suggestions developed as a result of the integration of Linguistics and ICT were used within fundamental projects K.F2-005 "Study of non-linear materials for digital processing of optical information" (2012-2016) and F4-016 "Development of methodology and means of solving the issues of multidimensional linear and non-linear optimization based on constructive R-function" (2012-2016) (reference number FTK.-0313/801 of the Executive Committee of the Higher Attestation Commission under the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan. November 16, 2016). The use of scientific results promote the improvement of processes taking place in the field of Linguistics and ICT, the knowledge on the development of industry, and the uniformity of ICT terms for all professionals.

The aim of research work is to formulate scientific proposal and practical recommendations in conditions of liberalization of the economy for improving optimal regulation of regional economic system based on constructing econometric models with complex variables.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
improved methodological bases of mechanisms of developing regional economic system and optimal regulating;
created mathematic apparatus of constructing complex numbered econometric models of regional economic system;
produced diagnostic assessment methods and complex numbered models for improving mechanisms of optimal regulation of regional economic system;
formulated multivariable economic-mathematic models of optimal regulation of priory development directions of regional economic system;
Shaped various scenarios of middle term development of economic system of Khorezm region based on complex numbered econometric models.

The aim of the research work is working out and a scientific substantiation of technologies of increase of efficiency of administrative activity of heads of secondary educational schools and their practical realization.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
-The project of the basic directions of administrative activity of heads of the general educational high schools, called to promote perfection of activity of school is developed;
- Proceeding from features and the practical importance of the basic directions of administrative activity of heads secondary schools regulations of school and its structure are developed;
- The operating internal schedule of school and its structure are improved;
- Indicators and criteria of professional competence of heads secondary schools are defined;
- Designing of development of professional competence of heads secondary schools as difficult pedagogical system with innovative structure inherent in it is carried out;
- In a context of the innovative approach modeling of processes of increase of efficiency of administrative activity of heads secondary schools is carried out.

The aim of the research work is the development of the Russian-speaking groups of customs and tax directions in the competence of professional communication in the state language.
Scientific novelty- of the research work is as follows: the linguodidactic bases of the competent approach to teaching languages and its application in teaching students of Russian-speaking groups in the Uzbek language have been improved; the competence of professional communication in the Uzbek language of students of Russian-speaking groups in relation to oral and written, monological and dialogical speech is classified; scientific and theoretical improvement of illumination and training in economic terms of tax and customs matter in the educational software of the discipline “Uzbek language” for customs and tax directions; a three-stage system for developing the competence of oral professional monological and dialogical communication among students of Russian-speaking groups of customs and tax directions; developed an effective methodology for teaching students of Russian-speaking groups the compilation, filling and execution of internal regulatory documents of customs and tax authorities in the state language; indicators of development of the competence of professional communication in the state language among students of Russian-speaking groups of customs and tax directions were revealed and their effectiveness was estimated.

The aim of research work is the development of technology for the production of new affordable, cheap thermo-chemically resistant, mechanically strong of polycondensation type of ion-exchange polymers on the basis of waste of Shurtan gas chemical complex and product of hydrolysis of the secondary industry based on furfural.
The object of the research work arc furfural, a secondary product of the hydrolysis industry and waste from the Shurtan gas chemical complex, sulfocathionitc.
Scientific novelty of the research w ork is as follows:
developed of the method for obtaining a new polymer by polycondensation reaction on the bottom waste of the Shurtan gas chemical complex with furfural for the introduction of ionogcnic groups;
determined the formation of polymers by the dependence of the reaction on the initial monomers, catalysts and reaction temperature:
developed the process mode of the process of sulfurization of the obtained polymer.
identified the main features of cationite, supporting the use of modem physical-chemical methods for the practical application of ionites;
received cation exchangers were used in chemical and hydromctallurgical facilities, as well as in softening artesian waters.
Implementation of the research results. On the basis of scientific findings on obtaining new ion exchange polymers for demineralization and purification of industrial water:
the Shurtan Gas Chemical Complex has received a patent for the invention of the Intellectual Property Agency of the Republic of Uzbekistan (IAP 04635, 2012) on the method of obtaining new- sulphocationitcs on the basis of cube emissions and furfurol. This method allows you to obtain a new cheap thermo-chemical, mechanical strength cationite;
the synthesized ion exchange polymer was used for the enterprises of JSC "Uzkimyosanoat" (JSC Uzkimyosanoat №03-3184/M from September 30, 2016). As a result, sulfokationit allow s to recommend softening of boiler plants.
The structure and volume of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, four chapters, conclusion, bibliography, and applications. The volume of the thesis is 120 pages.

The aim of research work is to create efficient processes for cleaning of raw materials and obtaining mash by the method of instantaneous release of pressure (MIRP), which provide to obtain raw pulp by cleaning finished puree root and tuber with the low losses of raw material.
The object of research work is the method and apparatus of instantaneous release of pressure for cleaning and grinding of root and tuber crops.
The scientific novelty of the research consists in the following:
it was found that the degree of raw material cleaning significantly depends on its initial moisture IJ, on the relative pressure of the acute steam P (MIRP), and the equivalent diameter and impurity practically do not affect the filling factor of the apparatus slightly affects the efficiency of the root vegetable cleaning process;
the limit of the efficiency of grinding and obtaining puree production was detected in accordance with the equivalent diameter of the root crops pieces;
the simultaneous occurrence of the process of moisture removal both during cleaning and grinding of processing objects was detected;
intensification of the process of root cleaning MIRP for 7-20% compared with the steam-thermal method. It has been also created a physical model of the cleaning process of MIRP, which reveals the mechanism of effective cleaning at low losses of raw materials;
An engineering technique has been developed for the calculation of instantaneous pressure release devices for cleaning and obtaining puree from root crops.
Implementation of the research results. On the bases the results of research work on dehydration root and tuber during cleaning and grinding by the method of instantaneous release of pressure:
the apparatus intended for cleaning and grinding by the method of instantaneous release of pressure was manufactured and implemented in JSO «Plant of Petrochemical Mechanical Engineering». Applying the scientific result makes it possible to carry out two processes (cleaning and mashing) in one apparatus, while cleaning processes from various impurities, cleaning and calibration are reduced, and water saving is achieved;
An engineering method for calculating the process and the apparatus of the MIRP was developed and transferred to the JSC «Plant of Petrochemical Mechanical Engineering». This technique allows the calculation and design of industrial cleaning apparatus which based on MIRP;
The standard of organization Ts20155874-01: 2016 was developed. «Semifinished products. Vegetable purees, preserved ascpticallyw.Technical conditions. On the bases of proposed technology on the industrial scale, it makes it possible to obtain puree from root vegetables.
The structure and volume of the dissertation. The dissertation consists of an introduction, five chapters, conclusion, a list of used literature and applications. The volume of the main textual material is 120 pages.

The aim of the research work is the development of a technique for calculating the seismodynamics of underground pipelines with complex conditions of interaction with soil.
Scientific novelty of the research work consists in the following: solution techniques for wide application of approximate numerical methods to the problems of seismodynamics of underground pipelines are improved; a technique for calculating stress-strain state (SSS) of underground pipelines under longitudinal oscillations is developed, it takes into account the linear and nonlinear interactions in “pipe-soil” system; a technique for calculating stress-strain state of complex systems of underground pipelines under the influence of seismic loads with distributed masses is developed; a technique for calculating stress-strain state for pipeline systems of orthogonal and non-orthogonal configurations is developed for an arbitrary direction of seismic loads.

The aim of the research work is developing scientific and methodological proposals and practical recommendations aimed at improving the methodology of drafting and generalizing audit reports.
The tasks of research
scientific justification of the essence and forms of preparation of the auditor’s report;
analysis of the practices of collection, classification and processing of information necessary for drawing up the audit report and its analytical processing;
scientific substantiation of audit steps and sequence of procedures when conducting the external audit;
development of proposals aimed at improving national auditing standards related to the conclusion of the audit report based on international standards;
disclosure of the methodological foundations of the development of the perfect form of audit reports by summarizing the experience on auditing of activities of economic entities;
development of scientifically based proposals to define a common sequence of audit report on the special assignments;
preparation of proposals and recommendations for the preparation and structural improvements of audit reports, types and forms.
The object of the research work is the enterprises of the Ministry of Agriculture and Water resources and the joint-stock company “Uzdonmahsulot”.
Scientific novelty of the research w ork is as follows:
Proposals have been developed to improve sequential actions for the classification, processing and analytical processing of data reflected in the audit reports, as well as the regulation of analytical activities;
An interrelated model of the sequence of stages and procedures of external audit has been proposed in order to ensure the performance of audits in a certain sequence;
Substantiated proposals on the concept of development of national standards of auditing in relevant part of the audit reports by the international auditing standards have been worked out;
Developed the perfect form of audit reports to improve the quality of audits in accordance with international standards;
Substantiated proposals on the drafting of an audit report on special issues and the definition of the concept of the sequence of its structure have been developed;
A systematic approach is provided to compile audit reports, their types, modified forms in the compilation of audit results, as well as improving its composition.
The outline of the thesis. The research work consists of an introduction, four chapters, conclusion and bibliography. The volume of the work is 230 pages.

The aim of research work is synthesis of new high performance multifunctional complexing ionites and their application in the course of a sorption of noble and non-ferrous metals of ions from individual and mixed solutions.
The object of the research work are epichlorohydrin, formaldehyde, carbamide, thiourea, РЕРЛ, cyanotriamide, hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile, orthophosphoric acid, complexing ionites on their basis, the aqueous solutions containing color, infrequent and noble ions of metals.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
obtained selective, thermochemical resistance, polyfunctional nitrogen-, phosphorus-, oxygen- and sulfur-containing complexing resins based on epichlorohydrin-urea (thiourea), and formalin-urea (thiourea) with polyethylenepolyamine, melamine, phosphoric acid and hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile;
synthesized new effective and cheap complex-forming polyfunctional ion exchangers by the interaction of dimethylcarbodamidc and dimethylolthiourea with hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile and orthophosphoric acid on the basis of local raw materials;
determined the dependence of the reaction rate constant, the activation energy, the physicochemical properties of the obtained ion exchangers on temperature, the concentration of the initial substances and study of the kinetic synthesis processes;
determined the dependence of the basic chemical and physical-chemical properties (sorption of metals of silver, cobalt, zinc, nickel, copper, lead, sorption capacity, the degree of dissociation of functional groups) of import-substituting, complexing ion exchangers from chemical compounds and physicochemical properties of starting materials;
developed a technology for the preparation of complexing ion exchangers based on dimethyl-carbamidc (dimethylolthiocarbamide) and diglycidyl-carbamidc (diglycidylthiourca).
Implementation of the research results. On the basis of results of a research and development of technology of synthesis of complexing ionites:
These complexing ionites are made at the Tashkent research institute of engineering chemistry at JSC Uzkimyosanoat and applied at a sewage disposal of the enterprises, (the reference No. 05-3583/M of JSC Uzkimyosanoat from 2016 on November 4). As a result the developed way of extraction of noble and rare metals with application of the synthesized new complexing ionites gives the chance to recommend them for concentrating and extraction of ions of precious metals from hydromctallurgical industry sewage.
The structure and volume of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, four chapters, conclusion and bibliography. The volume of the thesis is 120 pages.

The aim of the research work study of some biological features of indigenous strains of entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis, development and introduction to practice of the insecticide preparation on its basis.
The object of the research work were collection strains of bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis isolated from soil and pests in conditions of Uzbekistan strains of fungus Fusarium oxysporum, crops’ pests (cutworm, cotton worm, Colorado beetle, cotton aphid, spider mite), crystal-toxins of entomopathogenic bacteria, technological regulations and microbiological typical technology of production.
Scientific novelty' of the research work:
For the first time, index of distribution of the indigenous entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis was established from the point of view of different regions;
Selected strains of indigenous bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis were classified according to morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical features;
Antifungal activity towards fungus Fusarium oxysporum and insecticide activity towards main cotton pests (cotton worm - Heliothis armigera Hb., cutworm - Agrotis segetum Den.et Schiff, Colorado beetle - Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say., cotton aphid - Aphis gossypii Glov., spider mite - Tetranychus urticde Koch.) were determined;
Optimal composition of the nutrient medium was established for selected strains and conditions of their growth and development were determined aiming establishment of necessary activity and development;
For the first time, pilot-technological regulation of the production of the new insecticide biopreparation was developed on basis of indigenous entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis;
Technology for production of the preparation “Antibac-Uz” on basis of indigenous entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis was developed;
Biological efficacy of pests’ control by the biopreparation “Antibac-Uz” was proved against cotton worm - Heliothis armigera Hb., cutworm - Agrotis segetum Den.et Schiff., Colorado beetle - Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say., cotton aphid -Aphis gossypii Glov., spider mite - Tetranychus urticde Koch.;
It was established that biopreparation “Antibac-Uz” does not exert negative action towards useful insects inhabiting cotton agrobicenosis, e.g. lacewing (Chrysoperla carnea Steph.) and ladybug (Coccinella semperpunctataL.)
Implementation of the research results. Based on production and introduction into practice of the multifunctional biopreparation developed on basis of bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis'.
- A patent for invention was received for the bacterial strain from the Agency for Intellectual Property of the Republic of Uzbekistan (15.05.2006. №IAP 03054). This strain allows to produce biopreparations with insecticide features possessing high biological activity in industrial conditions;
-Biopreparation “Antibac-Uz” was introduced into agricultural practice in 2012-2016 Bukhara, Jizzak, Surkhandarya, Kashkadarya and Tashkent regions fro pest control on cotton (Certificate № 02/23-1267 of the Ministry of agriculture and water resources of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated on December 7, 2016).
Possibility of increased cotton productivity was established as result of application of the domestic biopreparation “Antibac-Uz” to control cotton worm: the fiber yield surplus was 110 kg per hectare and index of production profitability raised by 18%.
The structure and volume of the thesis. Containing 200 pages of text, the dissertation has introduction, six chapters, conclusions and list of references.

The aim of the research work is study of conditions of alcoholysis of secondary polyethyleneterephthalate and working out of the production technology of special brands of unsaturated polyethers on the basis of alcoholysis products.
Scientific novelty of the research work consists in the following:
as a result of researches it has been revealed that the composition, structure and functionality of alcoholysis products is in direct dependence on molar relationships secondary polyethyleneterephthalate: glycol. The mechanism of alcoholysis has been determined;
as a result of research of influence of various factors (temperature, duration, a relationship of monomers) on properties of end-products, it has been created mathematical model of alcoholysis process for a case when in reactionary medium there are also low-molecular diglycol formed in the process and participating in alcoholysis, and high-molecular products of alcoholysis is formed;
on the basis of alcoholysis products with various functionality a row of unsaturated polyethers containing in the structure a considerable quantity of aromatic rings has been obtained and thanks to it they are different by high strength;
the formation mechanism of non-saturated polyethers has been offered, hence maleic anhydride in the first stage interacts with free diglycol, and then with hydroxyl-containing polyetherpolyol (high-molecular products of alcoholysis);
on the basis of alcoholysis products the production engineering of new brands of unsaturated polyethers - ПН-МА-02, ПН-МА-03, ПН-МА-ОЗА has been developed.

Topicality and necessity of the thesis. Enhancement of productivity and quality of solar power facilities by means of precision orientation of mirrorconcentrating systems in the operating zone of the Solar furnace plays important role in decrease of energy losses. In this respect, it requires development of novel improved calculation methods for optical-geometric and optical-energy characteristics of radiant flux in focal plane of the solar facilities, orientation of stationary concentrating systems, calculation and experimental activities aimed at a more effective use of the mirror-concentrating systems. Research and development works conducted in the mentioned above areas point on the topicality of the dissertation’s topic.
The aim of research work is to increase efficiency of mirror-concentrating systems of the 1000 kW Big Solar Furnace technological and power elements by taking into account asymmetric design of the concentrator.
Scientific novelty of the research work is method for calculation of a radiant flux density distribution in the concentration spot of the mirror-concentrating systems is proposed for a more precise description of the experimental results;
method for shaping of facets of the concentrator by means of optical technique is developed ensuring technological process efficiency increase;
for the first time geometrical accuracy control techniques are proposed both for reflecting surface of individual elements - facets, components of mirrorconcentrating systems, and for integral concentrators of radiant flux;

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. According to United Nations projection a world population has to exceed 9 billion people in 2050. Statistical information shows that every 15 years the world population increases for one billion. Doubling population of Central Asia since 1980 increased demand for agricultural products, which escalated demand for land and water resources. Since all water and land resources are fully allocated between land and water users there are limited number of ways to increase food crop production in the region and one of them is a year-round use of agricultural lands with obtaining two to three crop yields in a year.
The aim of this research work is the development of the optimal agrotechnologies for the efficient use of land resources and obtaining two to three crops yields in a year in conditions of irrigated takyr soils with transition to meadow soil type the southern regions of Uzbekistan.
The tasks of research:
to investigate the impact of crops production as a main crop and summer crop on soil agrophysical properties by continuous a year round use of lands under the conditions of takyr-like soils with transition to meadow soil type.
to study the effect of a year round use of irrigated land on level and mineralization of groundwater, dynamics of the seasonal salt accumulation in soil depending on irrigation scheduling.
to determine the optimal sowing dates, seed rate, plant density of crops are grown as a main and summer crops and after winter wheat harvest.
to set the optimal soil moisture, irrigation dates and amount, irrigation scheduling and scheme, duration of irrigation as well as seasonal irrigation rates of crops grown as a main and summer crops, and after winter wheat harvest.
to define the impact of irrigation scheduling and fertilizer application on the growth, development, yield accumulation and yield as w'ell as weight of one cotton boll. 1000-grain and a head of cabbage and onions.
to determine the seasonal water consumption and application volume for the production of 100 kg of crops yields for all crops and varieties studied.
The object of the research work are takyr-like soils with transition to meadow soil type, upland cotton varieties Bukhara-102, Bukhara-6, Bukhara-8, fine-staple cotton variety Termez-49, winter wheat variety Chillaki, winter barley variety Bolgyali, maize varieties Nart and Uzbekistan-306AMV, headed cabbage varieties Sharkia and Uzbekistan-133 varieties, onion varieties Sumbula and Zafar.
The subject of the study are agrochemical, agrophysical soil properties, groundwater level and salinity dynamics, coefficient of seasonal accumulation of soil salinity, crop irrigation scheduling and fertilization, growth, development and yield of crops.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
highly productive agrotechnological elements for cultivating upland and fine-staple cotton varieties, winter w'heat, barley, maize, late cabbage, onions as a result of more efficient use of land resources w'ere developed for the first time in conditions of takyr-like soils with transition to meadow soil type in the southern regions of the country;
the influence of a year-round use of takyr soils on their agrophysical properties, the groundwater level and salinity and the seasonal soils salinity accumulation dynamics were determined;
the indicators of optimal soil moisture, irrigation timing and duration, seasonal water consumption and application volume for the production of 100 kg of crops yields under the continuous land use were determined;
in conditions of the selected soils, the influence of the optimal irrigation scheduling and fertilizers application on crop growth and development, yield, weight of one cotton ball, 1000-grain and a head of cabbage and onions were shown.

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. The development of a resource-saving technology of basic tillage, which provides quality preparation in the shortest time for the cultivation of repeated crops, is an urgent task.
The aim of the research work is increasing soil fertility, obtaining early and high yields of repeated crops using soil-conserving resource-saving technology of minimal tillage in conditions of typical serozem soils.
The tasks of research: to determine the influence of resource-saving technology of minimal tillage on agrophysical, water-physical and agrochemical properties of soil;
to determine the effect of minimal tillage on the growth, development and yield of soybean, mung bean and maize grown as repeated crops;
to identify the effect of minimal tillage and various norms of plant residues as mulch on the accumulation of nutrients, agrophysical and water-physical properties of soils;
to calculate the economic efficiency of resource-saving soil cultivation technology.
The object of the research: old-irrigated typical serozem, early ripening variety of soybean "Yug-30", variety of maize "Uzbekistan-306 AMV" and mung bean variety "Durdona".
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
for the first time in the conditions of typical serozem soils, after harvesting grains, the technology of sowing soybean, mung bean and maize has been developed on existing ridges with processing them to a depth of 8-10 cm in the seeding zone;
it was established that due to the minimization of sowing processes with the simultaneous treatment of the soil in the seeding area, the number of tractor tracts was reduced by 3-4 times, which led to an improvement in the macrostructure, porosity and bulk mass of the soil;
use of a resource-saving method of cultivating the soil (loosening to a depth of 8-10 cm) with simultaneous sowing led to an earlier sowing of the crop (for 7-10 days compared to conventional soil preparation technology), which positively affected the growth, development and accumulation of crops of repeated crops;
increase of soil fertility is determined when applying resource-saving, minimal surface tillage.
The outline of the thesis. In order to effectively use typical serozem soils in Tashkent region, providing the population with food, livestock withfeed, accelerating the growth and development of plants, improving the water-physical and agrochemical properties of the soil, reducing the tractor's trains 3-4 times and saving fuel and lubricants in the same amount, it is necessary to apply a new resource-saving technology, i.e. carrying out cultivation to a depth of 8-10 cm at the same time sowing seeds of soy, mung bean, maize in the areas released from winter wheat.

The aim of research work is to demonstrate the demographic processes geographic features and to develop the main trends of the regions demographic modernization.
The object of the research work is the demographic potential of the Republic of Uzbekistan and its territorial- and- demographic structure.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
here have been proved the indicators of demographic security, affecting sustainable development, and its social-economic effects on a territories scale;
have been improved the methodological principles of geodemographic and demographic studies in respect of the social-demographic development modifications;
have been developed the territory demographic content measures (TDM) according to general population and gender and age structure, have been defined the demogeographic features of the territorial localities organization;
based on population mortality simulation and the average expected lifespan according the method of de Moivre has been described its cross correlation and dynamics;
have been developed the suggestions and recommendations in terms of demographic problems to be solved in matters of population employment and job market, as well as in respect of the monitoring of population opportunities programme;
have been developed the measures of demographic forecast, based on average and long-term forward looking indicators of demographic development.
Implementation of the research results. Based on scientific suggestions and recommendations in terms of territorial features demographical processes shifts:
The results of short-term and medium-term demographic forecast have been introduced into the practice of the Ministry of Economy (refer of the Ministry of Economy №5-1/20-1825 from December 9 of 2010 year). The usage of this survey results allowed to define the measures of demographic forecast in the Republic of Uzbekistan and do monitoring of Work places Swap Programme in 2011 and population employment assurance:
Developments based on indicators system of demographic security and territory demographic content level were used by Institute for Socio studies under the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan with the organization of population life quality level monitoring system and development «Design procedure of TDC level» (refer of the Institute for Social studies № 01/04-322 from November 8 of 2016). The survey results worked for attention strengthening in terms of demographic security, assurance of high degree efficiency of demographic content in the regions;
Aimed to new work places swap and population employment assurance in the Republic the demographic capacity values in terms of social-economic industries and labour market have been introduced into the Ministry of Labour system (refer to the Ministry of Labour and suggestions and recommendations allowed to solve the industry problems in terms of Demography, population employment and lab our market;
The demogeographic features of population territorial organization and localities, the scientific results on methodological principles of geodemographic and demographic studies improvement have been introduced into the content of State educational standard on the subject of «Human geography» for Bachelor’s Degree 5140600-Geography and job specification of this BD course (refer of «Uzstandard» agency №10/1584 from December 30 of 2016). Introduced materials allowed disclosing the main directions specifications, demography tools.
The structure and volume of the thesis. The thesis structure consists the introduction, six chapters, conclusion, reference literature list and annexes. The Thesis size is 206 pages.

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. Oncological diseases firmly holds second place among the causes of death of people. Most probably, this trend will continue in the near future. Radiation therapy is recognized in modern medicine, one of the most effective methods in the treatment of cancer. According to WHO, about 70% of cancer patients in need of its various forms. However, there are some patients with radioresistant forms of malignant tumors, which are resistant to traditional radiation therapy, i.e. radiotherapy with gamma - radiation and electron. Therefore the search for and development of promising technologies that can overcome these serious illnesses continue At the beginning of the XXI century oncologists have high hopes associated with nuclear medicine. First of all, it is the neutrons of different energies, which are a source of operating nuclear reactors. The most successful neutrons treat tumors not amenable to photon radiation (and there are about 30% of all cancers).
The aim of the research work is to prepare the technology NCT binarytherapy for the treatment of malignant tumors in experimental model for further implementation it in clinical practice.
The tasks of research: Prepare the base for neutron capture therapy on an experimental animal tumors.
To determine the appropriate dose for the effective implementation of the NCT and the rate of elimination 157Gd gadolinium with intratumoral administration.
Evaluating the effectiveness of NCT conducted on animals with experimental tumors" sarcoma - 180".
Assessment of the extent of damage of the tumor and the number of bodies under the influence of NCT on the basis of pathological examination.
The object of the research work is experimental animal s with implanted tumors sarcoma 180.
Scientific novelty of the research work is parameters and methodology of NCT for the impact of the neutron beam reactor of INP AS of Uzbekistan to the primary tumor lesions. It has made investigations of the spatial localization of neutron beam with respect to the irradiated object (experimental rats), including the measurement of dose distributions of gamma and neutron radiation from the reactor channel depending on the neutron beam aperture. The range of change varies from beam aperture (10 -70) mm when irradiated, both animals and patients with malignant tumors.
For the first time, it’s investigated the pharmacokinetics of Magnevist at intratumoral administration, which revealed the time of introduction prior to irradiation.
First time, intact on animals showed that in comparison with NCT gamma irradiation does not cause significant side effects. Intraperitoneal administration Magnevist before irradiationNCT, in doses of 3 and 6 grams showed that this type of impact inhibited tumor growth but caused significant side effects when exposed to parenchymal organs.
For the first time studied the antitumor activity of NCT with intratumoral administration of the drug Magnevist 3 days after irradiation conducted on mice with tumor Sarcoma-180 proved to be quite intense, showing the prevalence of medical pathomorphism II -III degree is awarded a direct dependence of the effect on the radiation dose. In setting up a similar experience with long-term observations has shown that the drug Magnevist binary combination with NCT significantly inhibits tumor growth at 92-97%, with a predominance of medical pathomorphism 1I1-IV degree. The anti-tumor effect is in direct proportion to the dose and exposure time. Histology showed that NCT in 4 grams dose with intratumoral injection of Magnevist drug has no general toxic effects on internal organs (lungs, heart, liver, spleen, kidneys).
The outline of the thesis.The results of the research allowed optimizing the conditions for neutron capture therapy using the drug Magnevista that formed the basis of the proposed method of complex treatment of soft tissue sarcoma. The new technique of neutron capture therapy can be applied in the study of the impact of both NCT Magnevist and other substances containing gadolinium in other experimental tumors.
These findings are the basis for further development in the most effective tactics of treatment of soft tissue sarcoma and other tumors that are difficult to therapy in the clinic. The developed modes of neutron capture therapy can be used in specialized oncology and radiology institutions of the country for planning of subsequent clinical studies on the effectiveness of neutron capture therapy of human tumors.
Materials and results of the thesis became the basis of a methodological guide for future research.

The aims of research is the improvement of results of complex therapy of acute destructive pancreatitis by development optimal systematic multidisciplinary tactics of patients’ management.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows: This study is one the first studies in which the prevalence, rate and features of clinical course of AP in different regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan are determined on the basis of medical-social statistical analysis; for the first time the experience of AP treatment is summarized and it proved that established universal system of emergency medicine implements the principle "... each citizen of Uzbekistan regardless of where he/she lives, how his/her material opportunities are must get the necessary standard of emergency medicine” with maximal effect and results; the modified and adapted to the conditions of Republic research center of emergency medicine method of prediction of pathological-morphological forms and severity of clinical course of AP is offered based on efficacy analysis of clinical, laboratory, radiological and instrumental methods in complex diagnosis and assessment of AP severity; qualitative and quantitative criteria of assessment of risk of destructive AP development, severity degrees, complications and mortality are determined based on correlation analysis of data of different examination methods;
The efficacy is evaluated and indications to different methods of AP treatment are developed, the reasonability to early activation of surgical treatment depending on the etiology and disease stage, severity and the extend of destructive complications is determined; rational algorithms of surgical tactics are developed in the light of the analysis of efficacy of various treatment-tactic approaches and methods in complex treatment of AP, and common protocol of intensive therapy in SAP is standardized; the necessity of anticipatory endoscopic examination and treatment administered even in the absence of appropriate clinical, instrumental and laboratory data is proved by critical analysis of treatment results of AP with TS MDP.

The aims of research is the improvement of results of complex therapy of acute destructive pancreatitis by development optimal systematic multidisciplinary tactics of patients’ management.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows: This study is one the first studies in which the prevalence, rate and features of clinical course of AP in different regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan are determined on the basis of medical-social statistical analysis; for the first time the experience of AP treatment is summarized and it proved that established universal system of emergency medicine implements the principle "... each citizen of Uzbekistan regardless of where he/she lives, how his/her material opportunities are must get the necessary standard of emergency medicine” with maximal effect and results; the modified and adapted to the conditions of Republic research center of emergency medicine method of prediction of pathological-morphological forms and severity of clinical course of AP is offered based on efficacy analysis of clinical, laboratory, radiological and instrumental methods in complex diagnosis and assessment of AP severity; qualitative and quantitative criteria of assessment of risk of destructive AP development, severity degrees, complications and mortality are determined based on correlation analysis of data of different examination methods;
The efficacy is evaluated and indications to different methods of AP treatment are developed, the reasonability to early activation of surgical treatment depending on the etiology and disease stage, severity and the extend of destructive complications is determined; rational algorithms of surgical tactics are developed in the light of the analysis of efficacy of various treatment-tactic approaches and methods in complex treatment of AP, and common protocol of intensive therapy in SAP is standardized; the necessity of anticipatory endoscopic examination and treatment administered even in the absence of appropriate clinical, instrumental and laboratory data is proved by critical analysis of treatment results of AP with TS MDP.

The aim of the research work is to develop recommendations for the functional integration and improvement of mathematical models of the institutions of public opinion formation.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
correlation interconnections (quantitative and qualitative changes) between objective conditions and subjective factors of public opinion formation are proven;
factors influencing the formation of public opinion are mathematically modelled: «correlation»*, «Chi-square criterion» , «integral assessment» , «efficiency level» the effectiveness of the integration (significance factor, and power of connection) are shown;
recommendations and practical suggestions on improving the methodology for managing and controlling the institutions which are responsible for determining strategic objectives and formulating the expectations of public opinion (nationalized mental and individual-corporate characteristics) have been elaborated.

The aim of the research is to increase the effectiveness of methods for mathematical modeling of gcofiltration processes of regional hydrogeological systems.
Scientific novelty of the research:
the concept of mathematical modeling of hydrogeological processes of a regional nature was developed, based on the principles of the theory of gcofiltration and gcomigration in complex hydrogeological conditions; methods for integrating the mathematical modeling of hydrogeological processes with information and communication technologies were improved;
numerical methods of mathematical modeling of hydrogeological processes of the regional plan were developed on the basis of modem G1S technologies, which allow to unite diverse models of gcofiltration within a single information and technological system;
a flexible system of geoinformation and mathematical modeling of gcofiltration processes of regional hydrogeological objects was proposed, based on the use of the principles of formation and joint application of models of different scale and spatial coverage;
the software, technologies and hardware-tools of the automated metering, registration and transfer of hydrogeological information, used for gcoinformation and mathematical modeling, as well as for monitoring the underground hydrosphere was devolcpcd;
the principles of organizing a database of geoinformation-and-mathematieal models of regional hydrogeological objects combining factographic and cartographic data with the possibilities of their subsequent integration into a single automated complex were developed;
principles and criteria for constructing a gcoinformation system in the integration of the mathematical model of salt transfer by interconnected flows of surface and groundwater for large-scale objects with complex hydrogeological conditions were developed.

The aim of the research work. The main aim of the study is to define the symbolic and artistic essence and aesthetic functions of color in Uzbek folk songs.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
Ancient mythological worldview, religious beliefs, ceremonies and customs, taboos with complex cultural layers, which are the basis of the origin of symbols associated with color, are revealed;
The relationship to superstition, interpretations related to life situations, emotional experiences of a person, attitudes to time and space, to ceremonies and figures, to magical relics in oral folk art are established;
Different expressions of color associated with the symbolism, the expression of each of them is of special artistic and aesthetic significance, lyrical laws, color can be traced in imagery with the help of artistic and aesthetic means, laws of lyric character and certain life situations;
Symbolic images associated with color have been identified, linguo-poetic means have been characterized in the formation of symbolism;
The symbols of color have a peculiar artistic and aesthetic functionality in different epic genres of oral folk art;
For the first time in Uzbek folklore, the symbolic properties of color for the psychological analytical method were first investigated, and the artistic and aesthetic principles of expressing imagery in the human subconscious were established.

The aim of the research work Ls to improve the treatment results of posttraumatic deformities of the elbow in children by optimizing diagnostics and developing the methods of differentiated surgical approaches of correction with the formation of anatomical shape and restoration its functions, depending on the type of curvature.
The scientific novelty of the research work is the following:
Identified the role of radiological methods of investigation in PTDEJ in children with the verification of their significance in identifying the nature, degree of severity and related complications;
Developed the clinical and diagnostic criteries to the differentiated choice of surgical treatment tactics of severe deformations of elbow joint and optimization the processes of formation its anatomical shape and locomotor function at all rehabilitation phases of children;
Proposed the new treatment and diagnostic algorithm for PTDEJ correction;
Developed the new methods of surgical correction of PTDEJ, which creates optimal conditions for restoration of the function of the elbow joint in the shortest possible time;
Proposed a new “complicated” method of surgical treatment of elbow joint varus deformity with “lateral epicondylar" syndrome;
Developed the new methods of surgical treatment of false joints of humerus condyle head (HCH) with valgus deformity of elbow joint in children; “HCH false joint resection, epicondylar correction varistating osteotomy and osteosynthesis by Ilizarov’s device", allowing to eliminate all types of elbow deformations in different planes at once;

The object of research work is to identify factors for the emergence of rindona type poems, to reveal important features, historical development and important characteristics of a lyric image-rind.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
revealed development factors of rindona poems, system of images, ideological and literary features, scales of description, methods of expression and the nature of lyric character;
proved religious mythological concepts of Eastern people for the emergence of rindona poetry, their social lifestyle, customs and traditions, their essence and aesthetic features;
researched the impact of khamriyat from ancient Arabian and Persian-tajik literature on classic Uzbek literature;
brought evidences from literary unique features of poems, bayts (a coupled lines) and misras (lines) created by the first half of XV century in Eastern literature, in particular, in Turkish poetry;
proved the potentials of expression in Uzbek literature, symbols' and characters' inner worlds, histrorical and literary features;
revealed social reasons for the scale of popularity of rindona poems in Uzbek classic literature and aesthetic criteria;
proved lyric character's outlook, the main idea of rindona poems of spiritual-educational picture, poetic nature, inter-connections with literary representation principles;
studied the similar and distinguishing features of rindona poems created in the first half of XII-XV century's Uzbek literature, the problems of lyric character.

The aim of the research work is to develop production agrotechnology of the Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) in conditions of the Zarafshon valley and exploring the crop production possibilities in the light saline soils.
Scientific novelty of the research work is in the following:
for the first time, the collection of Jerusalem artichoke accessions was studied on complex marketable valuable traits, including biological features, yield formation, productivity, biochemical composition of tubers in conditions of the typical sierozem and meadow-sierozem soils;
the new variety “Etirof ’ for food purpose was developed;
important elements of the production agrotechnology of new and perspective varieties including selection of proper varieties, optimal planting schemes, plant density, timing of pre-plant tuber treatment by growth stimulators, fertilizer rates, irrigation order and seed tubers storage methods have been developed;
the Jerusalem artichoke varieties were tested in saline soils, and planting depth, planting time and irrigation technology of seed tubers were identified:
agrotechnology system to obtain high and qualitative yields and comparable cheaper product in the multipurpose farmer units as well as intensive seed tuber multiplication, improved primary and elite seed tuber production was established.

The aim of the research work is to determine the efficiency of the interrow widths of 80x40, 80x60, 80 and 60 cm in cotton production and developing of soil tillage technologies of soil plough and pre-plant soil preparation using caterpillar and wheel tractors taking into account morphological and biological properties of cotton varieties in the given agro-ecological conditions.
Scientific novelty of the research work is in the following:
influence of efficient caterpillar and wheel tractors applied for soil plowing and soil preparation before cotton seeding on soil agro-physical and water-physical properties such as bulk density, specific density and water infiltration was determined;
difference of techniques applied for soil plowing and soil preparation before cotton planting and impact of different inter-row distances on seed emergence, duration of the plant growth stages were identified;
influence of soil plowing and soil preparation before cotton planting performed using different techniques as well as inter-row widths on formation of the crop root formation, aboveground biomass accumulation, plant population and cotton morbidity by vilt disease was studied;
major elements of soil tillage technology and nutritional order of cotton varieties grown using different inter-row widths were developed; optimal fertilizer rate for cotton to be grown using different inter-row widths was determined.

The aim of the research work is in development of the scientific offers and practical recommendations directed for improvement of methodological basis of Treasury Execution of the state budget of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Scientific novelty' of the research work is as follows:
scientific and methodological provision of accounting and effective use of State budget funds was improved by defining notions of “governmental organization”, “receiver of budget funds”, “teller services of budget execution”, “governmental purchases”, “budget classification”;
financial relations occurring during the process of Treasury Execution of state budget aiming not only to increase effectiveness of operation of the Treasury but making it possible to optimize management of monetary funds of the state budget were scientifically proven;
proposal to transfer all state budget receivers to Treasury Execution of the budget, improvement of the process of governmental finances management subject to special process of closed (secret) costs were proven;
innovative development that included projects of budget receivers passports, electronic reference books, methodological guidelines and software packages was created;
basing on peculiarities of current stage of financial relations reform in Uzbekistan as well as advanced experience of the developed foreign countries, methodological bases of Treasury Execution of state budget improvement were developed.

The aim of the research workthe aim of the research work is development of high-performance and resource-saving technology of chemical enrichment of Central Kyzylkum high calcareous phosphorite by nitric and hydrochloric acids and processing phosphorite concentrate obtained in precipitate and complex fertilizers.
Scientific novelty of the research work. The scientific novelty of the study consists of the following items:
For the first time there has been shown the possibility of chemical ehrichment of high calcareous phosphorite from CK by nitric acid subsequent recovery of formed calcium nitrate by filtration of NCPS and washing wet phosphorite concentrate using recycling solution of Ca(NOj)2 and water. It was established that correlation dependence of composition changing of the phosphorite concentrate upon norm and nitric acid concentration, weight ratio of phosphorite to 10% solution of calcium nitrate, wash water and washing multiplicity. The optimal conditions for benefication of various types of Kyzylkum phosphorites have been found;
there have been received the findings on revealing effect of hydrochloric acid concentration and rotational velocity of stirrer on the process of foaming at hydrochloric enrichment of MM. There have been found the optimal conditions of obtaining phosphorite concentrate with high content of P2O5 and low calcium module;
it was set that pattern of precipitate composition changing from norm, HC1 concentration, Ca(OH)2 norm and weight ratio of phosphorite : H2O;
effective technology of complex-mixed fertilizers production based on activation of enriched phosphorite by ammonium salts has been developed.

The aim of the research work: Establishment of the agrochemical state of the main irrigated soils formed in the serozem zone of the Kashkadarya basin, improvement of the technology for the compilation of agrochemical cartograms, study of the removal and balance of nutrients under cotton and winter wheat, and the establishment of optimal fertilizer application rates based on the electronic program.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
degree of supply by macro- and microelements of main irrigated soils widespread in the zone of typical sierozems of the Kashkadarya basin;
balance of nutrient elements in cotton and winter wheat is calculated in conditions of monitoring of the studied soils when using mineral and local fertilizers;
first technology of compiling agrochemical maps was improved, and an agrochemical database of the main irrigated soils of the typical serozem zone was created;
first electronic program has been developed for calculating the optimum rates of nutrient insertion into the soil on the basis of the "soil-plant-fertilizer" system.

The aim of research work is to improve the scientific and methodological foundations of the pharmacoeconomic analysis of drugs used in the ease of RSD, BA and COPD, and to develop scientific and practical recommendations for drug provision in their treatment.
Scientific novelty of research work is as follows:
A methodology for the pharmacoeconomic evaluation of rational use of bronchodilator, glucocorticoid, antiallergic drugs used in the treatment of AR, BA and COPD;
Developed methods for pharmacoeconomic evaluation of the optimization of the provision of drugs used in the treatment of widespread RSD and the determination of the prospects for the consumption of drugs used in asthma;
For the first time a group of vital, improving quality of life, necessary and secondary drugs used in the treatment of AR, BA and COPD was formed, and a technique for optimizing the supply of these drugs was developed;
On the basis of studying the problems of using drugs to optimize the costs of consumers, a methodology has been developed that provides the population and medical and preventive institutions with transparent, clear and specific data "Consolidated price of medicines and medical products";
On the basis of the analysis of clinical observations and the conduct of an official survey of numerous qualified medical experts, the intellectual processing of data and the determination of the consistency of the results of clinical observations is pharmacocconomically substantiated, the importance of form and dose of drugs for effective treatment of patients.

The aim of research work is a pharmacoeconomic assessment of the effectiveness of rational use of medicines used in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus, as well as the development of practical proposals and recommendations for domestic pharmaceutical enterprises and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan to provide cost-effective medicines.
Scientific novelty of research work in the following:
identified and generated metrics to the rationale for alternative criteria for rational and efficient use of medicines, basic principles of treatment of the disease drugs, items, as well as the effectiveness of their pharmacoeconomic evaluation;
conducted content analysis of assortment of medication and the analysis of the incidence and spread of the disease diabetes of the second type of administrative-territorial regions of the Republic and also of the assortment of medicines;
the calculated average daily dose consumption of a day of drugs used in the treatment of diabetes of the second type that support DDD in relation to 1,000 population;
the expediency of the specific parties of the results of the study of comparative retail prices of medicines in the pharmaceutical market, the trading volume and status of the safety;
identified forecast figures up to 2020 the volume of trade turnover with oral hypoglycemic drugs and number of packages;
for the first time, in accordance with the proposals and recommendations issued on the basis of the results of the thesis, introduced in medical practice widely used in the treatment of diabetes of the second type import-substituting domestic remedy against diabetes.

The urgency and relevance of the thesis topic.The World Health Organization (WHO) states that in the world, about 6 million people suffer from malignant tumors (MT). Every year, 2 million people die from malignant diseases, the primary annual incidence of malignant tumors more than 2.5 million cases. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 85% of tumors can be associated with adverse external factors.Annually in the world, 1.25 million people die from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Leukemia incidence is 13.2 cases per 100,000 populations. In 60% of cases has been determined disability and invalidization due to cancer.
The aim of the research: identifying the specific molecular features of molecular mechanisms of neoplastic degeneration (for example, hcpatocarcinogcnesis and leukemia) and finding new and better ways to their treatmeant.
The scientific novelty of the research:
the significance of the level of nitric oxide, the intensification of LPO, the hy-pcrproduction of cytokines in neoplastic degenerations in the models of hcpatocar-cinogenesis and leukemia;
the role of nitric oxide in the development of neoplastic processes has been proved: the content of L-argininc, the final products of nitric oxide and pcroxynitc-ritas varies depending on the stage of carcinogenesis, determining the conditions for progression and metastasis;
the dependence of the expression of hypcrlipopcroxidation and the decrease in the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes in the homogenate of liver and serum of experimental animals from the stage of carcinogenesis was established;
proved the expression of cytokines IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-a in carcinogenesis as the neoplastic process progresses, especially in leukemia;
proved substantiated the inclusion of Roncoleukin in increasing the antitumor effect of cytostatics in hcpatocarcinogcnesis and leukemia, reducing the general toxic effect of doxorubicin and hydrea.

The aim of the research work is the study of the life and scientific heritage of Abu Ja’far Tahawi, introduction of scientists work “Aqidah” into scientific use in terms of Islamic studies and source study.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
for the first time, the life and scientific heritage of Abu Ja’far Tahawi, his contribution to the development of the Hanafi doctrine, have been deeply studied;
are revealed the reasons for Abu Ja’far Tahawi's transition from the Shafi'i to the Hanafi madhab under the influence of the principles of moderation, religious tolerance of the Hanafi doctrine, free from fanaticism and obscurantism;
for the first time, the original approaches of Abu Ja’far Tahawi and Abu Mansur Maturidi to the exposition of the essence of the Hanafite dogma were studied by means of a comparative analysis;
by the method of the codicological analysis of manuscript copies of Tahawis “Aqidah” was found so far an unknown translation into the old Uzbek language dating back to the 15th century;
through the comments written to “Aqidah”, it is proved that the disputes between the representatives of Ahlu-s-Sunn va-l-jamaah about the conditions and requirements of faith (iman) are only verbal.

The aim of the research work: Consists in the development and experimental substantiation of the method of developing [improving] the motor training of young boxers of 11 -13 years by purposeful use of differentiated mobile games.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
the reasons for the withdrawal from the sports sections and the sportive motivation of the young boxers of 11-13 years old who are engaged in the initial stage of preparation;
developed a program to determine the special physical performance of young boxers and determined the age dynamics of general and special physical training and physical development of young boxers at the initial stage of preparation;
similar motor actions arc determined by comparing the biokincmatics of movements in moving games and boxing;
correlation of physical development indicators, general and special physical training of young boxers is determined;
the mobile games used in the motor training of young boxers at the stage of initial training are differentiated, the volume, intensity and norms of their application arc determined, a technique for introducing [applying] outdoor games into the training process is developed

The aim of research work is io develop electronic methodical system for monitoring the processes of retraining and upgrading qualification of pedagogical staff, and their professional activities, substantiate it theoretically and implement it into practice.
The object of the research work is the educational process in the institutions of retraining and upgrading qualification of pedagogical staff and their professional activities.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
The development of the structure and meaning of an electronic methodic system of processes for organizing the monitoring over the retraining and upgrading qualification of pedagogical staff, as well as their professional activities;
The development and die practical implementation of die platform of the integrated electronic system to conduct the monitoring over the retraining and upgrading qualification of pedagogical staff, as well as dieir professional activities based on the modern information and communication technologies;
The development and the practical implementation of the program and methodical assurance of conducting distance tests, based on online technologies and directed to the identification of the dynamics of the professional competence of pedagogical staff.
The development and die practical implementation of the concept “teacher’s e-port folio" and program platform for the realization of opportunities to record the indicators of professional activity of the pedagogical staff of higher education institutions and systematic presentation of educational materials to students.
Implementation of the research results. Based on developed methodical and practical proposals to organize monitoring of upgrading qualification of pedagogical staff and their professional activities, the following steps were performed;
die proposals to establish the integrated electronic information and educational environment of die educational institutions of retraining and upgrading qualification of pedagogical staff in the higher educational system were used in development of the normative documentations, approved by the Appendix 3 to the Decree № 242 of Cabinet of Ministry of the Republic of Uzbekistan from August 15, 2015. (Reference of die Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education № 89-03-1869 from June, 28, 2016). The given proposals will serve to improve die system of retraining and upgrading qualification of pedagogical staff of the higher educational institutions:
die proposals to implement the electronic system of monitoring of educational activity to the participants of die retraining and professional development courses for pedagogical staff were used in the development of such normative documentations as: the Decree of Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 278 from September 26, 2012, Section 2. Clause b). Subclause 2; the Order of the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education № 284 from July. 14. 2016. Appendix 1. Section 7 (Reference of the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education № 89-03-1869 from June 28. 2016). The given proposals will serve to improve the quality of courses in retraining and upgrading qualification of pedagogical staff of the higher educational institutions;
based on the proposals to improve the content of retraining and upgrading qualification courses for pedagogical staff of the higher educational system, the module on “Fundamentals of Electronic Pedagogics and Designing Personal. Professional and Informational Field" was introduced in the curriculum and approved by the Order of the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education № 137 from April 6. 2016. (Reference of the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education № 89-03-1869 from June 28. 2016). The given proposals will serve to raise the level of professional competence of pedagogical staff;
the proposals to introduce electronic portfolio system intended to record and monitor the results of professional activities of pedagogical staff of the higher educational system were used in the development of the Clause 3. Subclause 3 of the Order of the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education № 483 from December 25. 2014. (Reference of the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education № 89-03-1869 from June 28. 2016). The given proposals will pave the way for introducing the system based on modem technologies to record professional activities of pedagogical staff;
Based on the proposals to identify the level of professional competence of a pedagogue, the software platform for on-line test examinations was put into practice. (Reference of the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education № 89-03-1869 from June 28. 2016). The given proposals will serve to continuously improve the level of professional competence and experience of pedagogical staff.
The structure and volume of the dissertation. The dissertation consists of an introduction, four chapters, general conclusions, reference for used literature (117 titles). It includes 4 tables. 75 illustrations. The total volume of the work is 153 pages.

The aim of the research is the scientific substantiation and improvement of the creative potential of the teaching staff of the university in the context of the informatization of education.
Object of research is the pedagogical process of formation and development of creative potential of pedagogical staff in conditions of informatization of education. In the course of the dissertation research. 217 teachers of various Higher educational institutions, aged from 26 to 50. were studied, the average age was 34.5 years. At the same time. 307 people were involved as experts, 215 of them were teachers, 78 trainees and 14 heads of educational institutions.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
Motivational, sensual-emotional, communicative components of the reproductive degree and altruistic, analytical, constructive and innovative components of the productive degree of development of the creative potential of pedagogical staff are improved on the basis of a complex of self-assessing and individually developing auto-psychological trainings;
The components of the information worldview, information orientation and preparation for the assimilation of new' information of the methodology for an adequate assessment of the creative potential of pedagogical staff through factor analysis and the determination of statistical significance are improved;
The interdisciplinary modular system of formation of creative potential of pedagogical staff on the basis of integration of reflexive and virtual educational technologies is improved;
The scientific proposals and recommendations on the creation of an action program through the organization of independent creative activity and the analysis of experience in the formation of the creative potential of teachers in the context of the informatization of education are worked out.
Implementation of the research results.
Reference letter from the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education of June 30. 2017 No. 87-03-1239.
Scientific results on the formation of the creative potential of the university pedagogical staff in the context of the informatization of education:
The system of innovative, informational and communicative competences on the formation of creative potential among teachers is implemented into the content of the State Educational Standard for the Bachelor's direction (was implemented and approved to the practice by Order No. 303 of the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education of August 21. 2015). This system of competencies served to work out the qualification requirements for graduates of pedagogical Higher educational institutions, as well as the creation of improved curricula, textbooks and teaching aids;
On the basis of proposals to improve the content of retraining and upgrading the skills of teaching staff in the Higher education system, the module "Fundamentals of Pedagogical Competence and Creativity" was implemented into the curricula! was approved and implemented to the practice by Order No.-ЗОЗ the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education of /\ugust 21. 2015). These proposals served to increase the degree of creativity of pedagogical staff;
The outline of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, four chapters, general conclusions on them, conclusions, a list of reference, appendices. 129 pages of the text.

The aim of the research work. The aim of the study is to develop numerical models describing the processes of multicomponent systems competing biological population quasilinear parabolic equations and their systems in homogeneous and inhomogeneous medium by the method of nonlinear splitting.
The tasks of research:
investigate the properties of two classes of models - models of nonlinear population, and a system of competing populations;
modeling on a computer the processes of one and multi-component systems competing biological population based on die algorithm of nonlinear splitting:
construct lower and upper solutions of die Cauchy problem by the algorithm of nonlinear splitting for multi-component systems competing biological population equation depending on the values of environmental parameters and the dimension of the space;
develop asymptotic expressions for solving systems of parabolic equations describing nonlinear process multicomponent competing biological populations:
create an initial approximation for the application of iterative methods and to construct a numerical scheme in the study of nonlinear processes in multicomponent systems competing biological population:
create algorithms and software for solving the foregoing problems, to determine new effects associated with die nonlinearity, visually present the decision to conduct a computational experiment.
The object of the research work. The object of the study are the nonlinear processes of the biological population, described by nonlinear parabolic equations and their systems.
Scientific novelty of the research work. The scientific novelty of die study is as follows:
developed methods to produce self-similar and approximately self-similar solutions for nonlinear models of multicomponent systems competing biological population based on the algorithm of nonlinear splitting;
identified new properties of a nonlinear madiematical model of the process of multicomponent competing biological population described by a system of Kolmogorov-Fisher type parabolic equations;
developed asymptotic expressions of solutions of self-similar equations and estimates of solutions of the Cauchy problem for multicomponent competitive systems of equations of biological population depending on parameter values the environment and the dimension of the space;
developed methods for constructing lower and upper solutions is needed for computer calculations of multicomponent tasks competing tasks biological populations;
created appropriate initial approximation, which provides the calculations with die required accuracy depending on the numerical values of the parameters using iterative techniques for fast and accurate numerical solution of the nonlinear task of Kolmogorov-Fisher type biological population;
developed computational schemes, algorithms and a software for performing numerical simulation of nonlinear mathematical models.
The outline of the thesis. The volume of the thesis is 105 pages typewritten text, illustrated by X drawings and 1 tables.

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. Intensive industrial and economic activity without taking into account the possibilities of nature and its evolution mechanisms, has now led us to necessity to address such acute problem as protecting water resources, earth depths and the whole environment from manmade factors and anthropogenic impact.
Analysis of data on the ecological state of the environment shows that the volume of harmful and carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere is increasing rapidly as a result of the growth in production capacities of industrial facilities, gas and oil transport systems, transport infrastructure enlargement.
It should be noted that the construction and start-up of industrial facilities without taking into account the sanitary norm of the atmospheric area completely violates the ecological balance of the certain region - the gassiness of the atmosphere increases, the subsequent precipitation of aerosol impurities in the form of "acid rain" reduces the yield and quality of agricultural products.There fore, the problem of the optimal location of industrial facilities, taking into account the natural and ecological features of the territory, is extremely urgent.
The solving of this problem requires conducting a comprehensive study to predict the ecological state and the optimal location of industrial facilities, depending on the climatic factors that affect the process of the distribution of harmful substances in the atmosphere. The research is based on methods of mathematical modeling and computational experiment thought the instrumentality of actual information and communication technologies.
The aim of the research work is to develop adequate mathematical models, numerical algorithms and software for analyzing, monitoring and forecasting the ecological state of industrial regions, as well as for optimal location of industrial facilities, taking into account the process of the spread of harmful substances in the atmosphere.
The object of the research work is the non-stationary process of the distribution of harmful substances in the atmosphere, emitted from industrial facilities and other sources of pollution.
Scientific novelty of the research work
- new factors were introduced within the mathematical model of the process of the distribution of harmful substances in the surface boundary layer of the atmosphere: assimilation of harmful substances in the atmosphere with a daily cycle, mass exchange between the air flow and the underlying surface by deflationary particles, orography of the terrain;
- the mathematical model of the process with the application of real weather data, taking into account the change in wind speed and the coefficient of turbulent exchange in height was improved;
- there were developed effective computational algorithms for solving direct and conjugate problems which arc describing the spread of harmful substances in the atmosphere, taking into account their maximum permissible concentration in the considered region and allowing to determine the optimal location of new industrial facilities from an ecological point of view;
- there were revealed specific features of the process of the distribution of harmful substances in the atmosphere which arc bound to wind speed and direction varying in the course of a day, changes in the coefficient of turbulent exchange in height, the variability of the coefficient of heat exchange between the air flow and the underlying.
Implementation of the research results
The obtained results were put into the educational process of National University of Uzbekistan and into activities of the Angren, Almalyk, Chirchik Inspectorates for Nature Protection as well as in Dzhizak and Samarkand Regional Nature Conservation Committees. The developed software was registered by Agency for Intellectual Property of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
The outline of the thesis. The volume of the thesis is 114 pages typewritten text, illustrated by 37 drawings and 2 tables.

The aim of the research work is to work out the methods of teaching secondary school pupils English pronouns by means of Information Technologies.
The object of the research work is teaching secondary school pupils English pronouns by means of Information Technologies.
Scientific novelty of the research work is:
defining the didactic characteristics and methodic functions of corpus linguistics, multimedia teaching programs, blog-technology and web-quest which promote developing grammatical skills of using the English pronouns in pupils’ speech;
working out the methods of teaching secondary school pupils English pronouns on the basis of corpus linguistics, multimedia teaching programs, blog-technology and web-quest;
determining receptive and productive skills of using pronouns by secondary school pupils that can be developed on the basis of corpus linguistics, multimedia teaching programs, blog-technology and web-quest;
working out receptive and reproductive exercises aimed at developing grammatical skills of using pronouns on the basis of corpus linguistics, multimedia teaching programs, blog-technology and web-quest.
Implementation of the research results. The results of the scientific research work on the methods of teaching secondary school pupils English pronouns by means of information technologies have been introduced and tested in the following educational establishments:
the methods of teaching secondary school pupils English pronouns on the basis of corpus linguistics, multimedia teaching programs, blog-technology and web-quest promoting the individualization of the process of education have been experimented in the secondary schools of Tashkent city and Tashkent, Fergana, Samarkand regions (certificate of the Ministry of Public Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 01-02/1-3-310 as of October 5, 2016). Implementation of the suggested method raised the level of learning and practical usage of pronouns in the pupils’ oral and written speech. Thus the experimental results proved to be effective;
the didactic characteristics and methodic functions of corpus linguistics, multimedia teaching programs, blog-technology and web-quest which promote developing grammatical skills of using English pronouns in pupils’ speech have been used in the project Ф1-ХТ-0-16955 «Fundamental problems of moral education of secondary school pupils in the epoch of globalization of the telecommunication system» (certificate of the Committee for Coordination of Science and Technology Development № ФТК-0313/118 as of February 2, 2017). The scientific research results increased pupils' information-communicative competence;
the receptive and reproductive exercises aimed at developing grammatical skills of using pronouns on the basis of corpus linguistics, multimedia teaching programs, blog-technology and web-quest have been included in the scripts of the English teaching program «Bravo English» of TV channel «Bolajon» (certificate of the National Tele radio company of Uzbekistan № 05-15/ 643 as of February 23, 2017). As a result, TV viewers got acquainted with the graphic and acoustic view of pronouns and their usage.
The outline of the thesis. The thesis consists of the introduction, three chapters, the conclusion, the references and the appendix. The volume of the thesis is 140 pages.

The aim of the research work is justification of parametres of frame structures of vehicles of category 03.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows: the geometric parameters of the tractor trailer and its frame structure are justified; developed methods for calculating the strength characteristics, performance and durability of the frame structure of an auto tractor trailer; the formula for calculating the lifetime of the trailer frame made of steel rolled products of various grades was improved by introducing a correction factor; the formula for estimating the longevity of the trailer frame is improved on the basis of the Weibull distribution and the power equation of the fatigue curve.

The aim of the research work is to characterize and classify onomastic units in literary text according linguopoctic principles and to find out their poetic actuality.
Scientific novelty of the research work is follow ings:
It is established that onomastic units in the literary text express not only an exact name of the object, but also show different literary aims of the author;
Concrete conclusions arc inferred on ordering terminology being used in different forms in onomastics and terminological apparatus of this branch is formed;
The value of such terms as poetonym, antropoetonym, topopoetonym. zoopoetonym. onomastic metaphor, «speaking» name, connected with linguopoctic research, arc studied in Uzbek linguistiesfor the first time;
Linguopoctic functions of anthroponym and toponyms as a onomastic metaphor, allusive name, speaking name arc found out;
Features specific to Uzbek mentality in onomastic units, its reflection in the consciousness arc proved with factual materials;
Onomastic type of metaphor - onomastic metaphor’s use as a linguopoctic element in Uzbek literary texts is clarified with the help of examples;
Role and value of allusive names in literary text is based.

Topicality and necessity of the thesis. The study of the language of the epic and related lexical units, the compilation of lexicographic sources by creating of electronic texts, defining and classifying their lexical layer, conducting of linguistic statistics of the text, analysing of the use of linguistic cultural units and their linguocultural features are the most important factors in ensuring the development of the industry in the world linguistics.
The aim of the research work. To determine the functional-content, etymological and lingostatistic features of the words and to reveal the folk singer’s mastery of using the words by grounding the artistic-aesthetic function of linguocultural units.
Scientific novelty of the research work includes the follow ing:
historical-etymological and ftinctinonal-content features of words in the language of ewpic poems were revealed;
on the basis of electronic texts of the epic poems lexicographical sources (phrasal, alphabetical, frequency, reverse dictionaries) were created;
the frequency of the use of units in phonetic, lexical-grammatical structures in the text of epic poems were determined;
the quantity of the use of units of phonetic, lexico-grammatical structures in the text of epic poems was determined;
through determining linguopoetics of the language of epic poems the nature of structural-poetic formulas which are based on semantics of lexico-stylistic layers’ features of structural-semantic and connotative meaning of phrases were revealed;
the possibilities of linguopoetic and linguistic features, repeated units and rhyming prose of informal, close to people elements (scolding, curse and offensive words) in the speech of epic heroes were proved;
structural-semantic and poetic nature of analogies in the language of epic poems were determined and the linguopoetic chances of linguocultural units such as epithet, metaphor, metonymy and paremiological units their artictic-aesthetic values were revealed.

The aim of the research work is to develop the optimal chemical composition and heat treatment regimes for high-chromium white cast irons and hard-alloy coatings.
The scientific novelty of the research work: the optimal composition of high-chromium white cast iron was calculated for the sum of C + Si + Mn + Cr + Ni elements, which provides the formation of the structure and properties required for heat treatment;
the harmful effect of sulfur has been determined to reduce the wear resistance of high-chromium alloys;
the mechanism of structure formation is developed at drawing on working surfaces of details of carbide coatings by casting on gasified models;
the phase heredity of the parameters of the fine structure of the metal base of high-chromium cast irons and alloys during phase recrystallization during the final thermal treatment is determined;
experimental conditions for the existence of an extreme temperature of heating of a high-chromium alloy are developed, when after cooling of the alloy in its metallic base a structure with a very high dislocation density is formed. With repeated phase recrystallization, the dislocation data is inherited;
the use of the heredity effect of the fine structure during double phase recrystallization is revealed, which increases the wear resistance of the alloy by 33-35% and it becomes higher than that of the imported alloy, and for wear-resistant coatings - by 80-82%.

The aim of the research work is exploring the diplomacy of the Republic of Uzbekistan’s formation evolution and development trends during the independence period.
The object of the research work is the role and activities of diplomacy of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the foreign policy.
Scientific novelty of the research w ork
Formation of Uzbek diplomacy, development stages during independence years and its fundamental principles, theoretical-conceptual, scientific principles and strategic priorities were described in a systemic manner from different historical angles.
There has been identified that the Republic of Uzbekistan has effectively used the diplomatic means, such as economic diplomacy and regional diplomacy, in the active implementation of its foreign policy.
Formation and development of the diplomatic personnel training system in the country arc considered interrelated with the reforms carried out in the field of education and the existing problems in this area were revealed.
The initiatives of peaceful resolution of regional problems in Central Asia, and also diplomatic approach of Uzbekistan to the formation of a nuclear-free zone in the region arc historically disclosed.
Implementation of the research results
The results of the research were discussed in 14 scientific-practical conferences, including 4 international and 10 republican activities: “Regional Security and Sustainable Development in Central Asia: Peace and Stability in Afghanistan” (Tashkent, 2009); “Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan is a guarantee of sustainable development of society: political, legal and organizational aspects” (Tashkent, 2010); “Uzbekistan and the international community: political, legal and organizational aspects of integration” (Tashkent, 2012); “After the withdrawal of NATO troops from Afghanistan by Central Asia” (Rome, 2012); “Actual problems of world politics” (Tashkent, 2012); “South and Central Asia” (India, 2013); “The 21st Century Archetytonic Developments in the Global Politics: Realpolitik Concept and Practice in Uzbekistan” (Tashkent, 2014); “International Relations and Scientific and Theoretical Issues of Foreign Policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan” (Tashkent, 2014); “The Principles and Prospects of Socio-Economic Development in Uzbekistan” (Tashkent, 2015); “Art and Culture in the Historical Heritage of Scientists and Intellectuals of the Medieval East” (Tashkent, 2015); “Actual problems of international relations in the conditions of forming multipolar world” (Kursk, Russia, 2015); “World Politics and Practice in the 21st Century: Political, Legal and Social Aspects” (Tashkent. 2015, 2016, 2017).
The outline of the thesis
The structure of the dissertation consists of introduction, three chapters, conclusion, and a list of used publications. The research section volume of the dissertation is 156 pages.

The aim of the research work is theoretical and empiric substantitation of public opinion in information society from sociological point of view by means of mass communication and ways of ensuring their monitoring, peculiarities and tendencies.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
«Four theories of the press» have been improved, a new concept and theoretical views which fit in the analysis of the history of national mass communication and the modem processes have been worked out. These theoretical views have been generalized and named as «Theories 4T of the press». They arc: «Theory of termite press», «Theory of tribonica press», «Theory of transformed press» and «Theory of thanatos press»;
in ensuring the monitoring of public opinion, six principles of assessing the «press - individual - society - state» (professionalism, independence, economic freedom, social justice, speed and neutrality) mutual feedback relations have been worked out based on scientific and theoretical approach;
based on the analysis of feedback relations in information society between «the media - journalist - founder - people» traditional editorial offices became transformed and as a new paradigm became transnational editorial offices; their modem tendencies and principles have been revealed;
through the research of relations between object and subject, in ensuring the monitoring of public opinion, it has been established that there is a three-phased mechanism of making sure the presence of mass communication functions;
the integration of journalism as a democratic institution in information society and the media materials’ content-analysis have been revealed.

The aim of research work is to reveal the influence of the unconscious which has been the most intricate and contradictory stratum in psychology of a man on intellectual activity
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
- entire realization of intellectual activity has been disclosed but it was done as a process in different degrees and conditions in activity with many components which a subject will work out;
- the unconscious provides with effectiveness of intellectual activity as an important component and its protection from unnecessary difficulty has been formed ;
- it was proved that consciousness has complicated polymorph structure explicit, bright without emotional communicative means and also implicit that a subject realized, felt but it could not turn into communicable form;
- thinking determined by semantic differential matrix, definite changes in components of the conscious and unconscious which is the result of process of individual realization in the sphere of unconscious, has been disclosed;
- as a result of sub sensor and verbal telling in level of realization of conditions and demands of carrying out of thinking process which appears in sub consciousness and reason to changes of actions of the very thinking unconsciously has been proved making a process of realization more active which will base to receive conscious decisions who were under the test.

The aim of research work is to provide a stimulus - sensitive polymers by radical polymerization of monomers based on hydroxyacids and to determine the characteristics of their properties.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
for the first synthesized new monomers of a N-substituted acrylamide series based on hydroxy acids with ionic functional groups and developed the optimal conditions for obtaining pH - and temperature-sensitive water-soluble and water-swellable polymers.
the influence of various factors such as pH -media, ionic strength of the solution to radical polymerization and proven compliance kinetics and mechanism of the reaction Kabanova and Topchieva theory, the ability to control the radical polymerization of monomers of the process there have been confirmed;
by co-polymerization obtained of monomers from diethylacrylamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone obtained new temperature-sensitive polymers and the possibility of regulating their temperature-sensitive properties of the change in the composition of the copolymers;
it showed a positive effect on yield, growth of stems and efficiency of germination of wheat grains polyacrylamide methylene-N-lactic acid used as a plant growth promoter.

The aim of the study was to improve the early diagnosis and optimize clinical-prognostic criteria in patients with CHF by determining the characteristics of the ncurohumoral mechanism, the polymorphism of the beta 1-adrenoreceptor gene.
Scientific novelty of the research:
The degree of participation of the main pathogenetic - ncurohumoral, adrenergic factors of CHF development in the clinical course of the disease was determined;
The effect of a high level of norepinephrine and a decrease in the activity of the adenylate cyclase system on reducing the contractility of the left ventricle is proved;
The influence of high levels of ncurohumoral factors in determining the development of an unfavorable prognosis of the clinical course and severity of the disease in patients is proved;
Early predictors of CHF development were determined by evaluating the polymorphism of the beta 1-adrenergic receptor gene in persons of Uzbek nationality;
It is substantiated that the determination of the increase in the activity of the ncurohumoral system and the polymorphism of the ADRB1 gene of beta adrenoreceptors determines the features of the clinical course and progression, the severity of the prognosis of the disease.

The aim of the research work is development of modified ammonium nitrate technology with improving physicochemical and consumer’s features based on bentonite additives in ammonium nitrate melt.
The scientific novelty of the research work. The scientific novelty of the study consists of the following items:
studying physicomechanical behaviours of initial bentonite clays there was shown about possibility their use as a modificator of ammonium nitrate;
there has been determined the additive application of bentonite clays with an initial moisture of 1.0% in AN: BG = 100 : (1-1.5) in the melt NH4NO3 increases AN pellet strength in 1.5-2 fold while its caking reduces in 2-3 times in comparison to saltpeter with imported additives such as brucite and magnesite;
it was proved that bentonite additive can precipitate in poroouses and microfissures of AN filing them as a result, more complete surfase and internal structure of granules is formed;
there has benn revealed during the cooling saltpetre’s melt with bentonite additive revealed the absence of phase III and presence of direct polymorphic transition as opposed to pure NH4NO3 leads to a stable AN behavior at temperature fluctuation (25-55°C) without destroying the pellets, which provides stability product during the storing and transporting.

The aim of the research work. Improving the formation of the service complexes on the Uzbek national roadway.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
On the routes of the Great Silk Road along the territory of Uzbekistan, caravan sites are defined after passing certain marshals (1-day or a week-long route). Using the example of the Rabati Malik monument, methods of preserving and using the historical sites on the routes of the Uzbek national roadway of discounts, caravanserai, Khazora (defensive structures), the Yomkhana (storage for tanks with water), wells, kariz and sardoba;
The schemes, experimental projects of placing the complexes of services and services at the distances of 50-100, 200-300 km at the Uzbek national roadway are considered, taking into account the regularities in the formation of service objects;
A mechanism has been developed for the integrated location of roadside infrastructure facilities of the Uzbek national roadway at the points of entry to large cities and at certain distances;
Proposals have been developed to improve the protective zones by installing multi-functional protective barriers in populated areas designed with panels of solar panels located at a height of 2.5 to 6-7 meters, lowering the level of the main routes downwards and creating artificial heights, which will minimize the noise of machines, installations Special lattice fences of 2-2.5 m high near roads in the steppe and mountainous terrain to prevent road accidents, the creation of special underground transitions for the Rutting of cattle;
The main criteria of the architectural solution of service complexes for the formation of objects of roadside infrastructure of the Uzbek national roadway are developed.

The aim of research work is to improve the use of scientific, organizational and economic bases for activating the human factor in managing the economy and developing a mechanism for assessing the activity of the human factor.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
The concept of activating the human factor in managing the economy, formed from the institutional system and the laws of human factorhave been developed;
The proposed coefficient of human factor activity in the context of the dissertation has been recommended for use on existing mechanisms for improving the assessment of human capital;
A model of access to mutually beneficial integration of infrastructures serving the subjects of agriculture and for the payment of their structure of public administration in the integrated development of the agricultural sector and their tasks have been developed as important aspects of activating the human factor.

The actuality and relevance of the dissertation theme. In the world with the beginning of the third millennium the number of Internet users' has increased, virtual civil-legal relations have developed and attention to their legal regulation has increased. In particular, new laws aimed at strengthening the regulation of such relations arc being developed in the United States and the countries of the European Union, also the Model Law “On Ectronic Commerce” has been drafted by the UNCITRAL - the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law, and the Model Law “On the Basics of Internet Regulation” was adopted by the Interparliamentary Assembly of members of the Commonwealth of Independent States.
During the years of independence, special attention in socio-economic development of the republic has been paid to the introduction of information and communication technologies and their development on the basis of modem requirements, and thus large-scale targeted measures were implemented. As a result of implemented activities, results were achieved on a certain development of this sphere. In this direction, in particular, the e-govemment system is formed for the implementation of governmental functions, the possibility of using the Internet, the conditions for entering civil-law relations through the network is improved, as well as the legal framework in this area is formed. It should be noted that “at present, the whole world is in a period of information and communication technologies. This sphere is developing rapidly with every hour. It is impossible to imagine our present and future without the development of this sphcre”2. According to the Strategy of action for further development of the Republic of Uzbekistan, a number of measures arc being implemented in the country on introducing information and communication technologies in the economy, social sphere, management systems, further development of information and communication technologies in all spheres of life, strengthening national content and providing it with information resources, connection of the population to highspeed Internet, as well as legal support of this sphere.
In the world, issues of improving the legal regulation of such relations, taking into account their specifics, as well as ensuring the protection of the rights of subjects, the development of a special legal framework and its systematization, improvement of law enforcement practice, as well as determining the prospects and directions of legal regulation arc important in the ongoing scientific research on legal regulation of the Internet and civil law relations arising in it.
The research in this dissertation is targeted, to some extent, to the implementation of the Civil Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan (1995, 1996), the Laws “On Trademarks, Service Marks and Appellations of Origin” (2001), “On Informatization” (2003), “On Electronic Digital Signature” (2003), “On Electronic Document Management” (2004), “On Electronic Payments” (2005), “On Copyright and Neighboring Rights” (2006), “On Electronic Commerce” (2015), Decrees of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Further Development of a Computerization and Introduction of Information and Communication Technologies" of May 30, 2002, No. UP-3080, "About the Strategy of Actions for Further Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan" of February 7, 2017, No. UP-4947 and "About Measures for Radical Improvement of Conditions for Development of Branch of Information Technologies in the Republic" of June 30, 2017, No. UP-5099 and other normative-legal acts in this sphere.
The aim of the research. The research is determined to develop scientifically sound proposals and recommendations aimed at finding solutions to problems of regulating civil-legal relations in the Internet.
Scientific novelty of the research includes the followings:
rules aimed at ensuring the rights, as well as proposals clarifying the obligations of the parties of the electronic contract have been developed, as well as agreements that can not be concluded in the form of electronic contracts; within the framework of electronic contractual and legal relations have been substantiated;
proposals in the sphere of using electronic digital signature, its national and international unification, as well as the rules of determining the applicable law within the framework of electronic commerce have been substantiated;
new civil law constructions have been developed in the form of purchase and sale of domain names and websites, as well as the lease of rights to them, aimed at development of civil law turnover of domain names and websites, as well as ensuring effective protection of the rights and interests of relevant subjects;
the mechanisms of legal regulation of virtual civil law relations complicated by a foreign element have been defined;
proposals on application of legislation to civil law relations arising in the virtual space, as well as formation of a mechanism for comprehensive legal regulation of such relations have been substantiated.
Conclusion
The following theoretical and scientific-practical conclusions were drawn as a result of research conducted on the dissertation on “Regulation of civil-legal relations in the Internet”:
1. On the basis of systematic analysis of the civic nature of the Internet, applicable civil law relations arising between the subjects on a special way and virtual (cyber) objects directly related to material space and the resulting secondary, as well as the derived object consisting from a complex of intellectual property arc justified scientifically and theoretically.
2. It is noted that the legal regulation of the Internet and civil-legal relations arising in it is carried out in three main directions: self-regulation, state regulation and joint regulation, as well as it is justified that joint regulation is the most optimal way.
3. The development of modern information technologies, in particular the expansion, development and legal regulation of the emerging new social relations that have emerged as a result of the impact of the Internet on society, is based on the fact that the new “Cyber law” has led to the formation of a complex legal framework.
4. All relations subject to legal regulation on the Internet arc divided into two large groups: the first group - relations arising in connection with the Internet (external Internet relations) and the second group - relations arising in the Internet itself (internal Internet-relations). Properties of civil-legal relations in the Internet were specified, while definition of these properties was justified by the presence of unconventional basis (only users who have opportunity to use the Internet can act as a subject), the definition of virtuality (there can only exist artificially created and computer-supported space, with the help of special software or hardware), existence in a space with undefined physical boundaries.
5. Based on the need of defining the essence and content of concepts within the Internet and civil-legal relations arising in them, an author’s definition of the Internet concepts, civil-legal relations in the Internet, e-commcrce, e-contract, website, domain name is developed.
6. It was disclosed that intellectual property objects have their own peculiarities in the Internet, their legal regulation and security provision arc complicated. Two different approaches have been analyzed with regard to the issue of appropriateness of the legal regulation of intellectual property rights in the Internet, in particular the approaches that indicate the need for government intervention and self-regulation, and the need for legal intervention by the state (on the international level - states) in regulating these relations is justified.
7. It is justified that it is necessary to fix in legislative acts a ban on actions aimed at removing restrictions on the use of works or objects of related rights established by the use of technical means of protection of copyright and related rights, resulting in a new exclusive right in the holders of these rights - the right to control the use of works or objects of related rights.
8. As a new object of intellectual property rights, the Internet site was analyzed, its essence was examined as an object of intellectual rights. It was concluded that the Internet site is a complex object of civil rights and characterizes a mixture of several independent, but in a certain way technically related to each other into a single structure of intellectual property objects (programs and databases for computers), while the availability of each type of these objects arc necessary for implementation of a single original result of intellectual activity, as well as it is indicated that the Internet site is protected by copyright.
9. The emergence of contractual and non-contractual obligations in the Internet, their peculiar features arc revealed. Proceeding from the fact that civil-legal relations in the Internet arc internal and external, the possibility of dividing contracts in the Internet into two groups is indicated, i.e. groups of contracts aimed at regulating internal Internet relations, and contracts aimed at regulating external Internet relations. It is substantiated that electronic contracts in the Internet arc bilateral consensual agreements, can be concluded on a reimbursable and granted basis.
10. The need to develop a specific legislative strategy that could create opportunity for integration into global and open market of the country and mastery of universal rules peculiar to this market is justified. This, especially, refers to foreign economic activity, justified the existence of the need to resolve conflict problems within the e-commcrcc in these relations.
11. It was noted that globality of the Internet dctcnnincs availability of international character of its relations, emergence of the conflict of law and the need for conflict-legal regulation of these relations arises. At the same time, it is justified that the most optimal solution to conflict problems in the Internet is unification of conflict norms and application of the principle of autonomy of the will of the parties. It was stated that it is impossible to connect the Internet with the right of any state, but in turn, it is possible to determine the jurisdiction of the national segment of the Internet.
12. Taking into account the fact that Internet creates virtual space based on properties of its virtual civil-legal relations and for the purpose of their comprehensive legal regulation, the need for consolidation of rules for determining the operation of civil legislation in space by introducing by introducing concepts of real and virtual space in the Civil Code of the Republic Uzbekistan is justified. By consolidating these rules, a full legal basis arises for application of norms of civil legislation concerning relations arising in the virtual space, i.e it is justified that this rule serves as a bridge for the application of civil legislation intended for real space, for virtual relations.
It is suggested that this norm should be presented in the form of Article 41 of the Civil Code (The effect of civil legislation in the sphere) as follows:
“Article 41. The Effect of civil legislation in the sphere
Civil legislation is applied to relations arising in real and virtual space (the Internet), taking into account their characteristics.
An act of civil legislation, if it does not specify a different procedure, or based on its essence, does not imply the possibility of applying to relations that arise only in real space, is also applied to social relations that arise in the Internet, that is, in virtual space.
If a special law that regulates relations arising in the virtual space based on their characteristics and establishes other rules has been adopted, then the norms of this special law apply to relations in virtual space.
Relations between the parties arising in the virtual space arc based on the contract, if the treaty specifies other rules that do not contradict the legislation, the terms of the contract remain in force”.
This rule generates a rule for application of the entire civil-legal array and for civil-legal relations arising in the Internet, unless other rules arc not provided in it and other circumstances do not follow from the essence, and provides this rule.
13. It was justified that, on the basis of features of Internet sites, the recognition of information as an object of civil law and the need to include information as an object in the Article 81 of the Civil Code in the established manner, this ease together with submission of objects in the Internet directly in the form of information, also serves as a recognition and protection as an object of civil law.
14. It was justified to introduce amendments and additions aimed at regulating transactions in the Civil Code, the advisability of separate indication of electronic transactions in them and registration of transactions by electronic digital signatures, proposals were developed on introducing amendments and additions to Articles 105 and 107 of the Civil Code. Also, in order to achieve the equation of electronic documents for official paper documents, a proposal was developed on introduction into the Civil Code of the article 3531 as follows:
“Article 3531. Document
The document refers to information that is formalized with the help of special requisites, fixed in some body, which has the possibility of unerring identification and communication with the author.
Transmission of a document from one place to another with the help of appropriate technologies in the process of its manufacture, creation, delivery for storage and (or) destruction is called document circulation.
An electronic document is information presented in electronic form.
Electronic document circulation is the circulation of documents, carried out in electronic form”.
15. It was justified to expand the conceptual apparatus in the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On Informatization” of December 11, 2003, the need to supplement with the Article 91 aimed at ensuring the rights of owners of information resources, and the Article 122 establishing the procedure for limiting the ability to obtain information violating the right to intellectual property. This article was developed in the following content:
“Article 91. Owner of information resources
The owner of information resources, information systems, technologies and means of their provision is the subject that exercises possession and use by specified objects, as well as powers on disposing within the limits established by the law or concluded with the owner of information resources”.“Article 122. The procedure of limiting the use of information distributed through violation of copyright and (or) related rights.
The rightholder, in case of discovering in the information and telecommunication networks, in particular, in the Internet of objects of copyright and (or) related rights distributed without his/her permission or other legal framework, or information necessary for their receipt using information and telecommunication technologies, on the basis of decision entered into force by a court has the right to apply to a specially authorized body exercising control functions in the sphere of communication, information and telecommunication technologies, with an appeal on implementation of measures on limiting the possibility of using these objects or information resources distributing information.
The specially authorized body exercising control functions in the sphere of communication, information and telecommunication technologies on the basis of court decision that has entered into force within three working days shall take appropriate measures on stopping violations of the rights by limiting the use of information disseminated in violation of copyright and (or) related rights”.
16. In order to ensure correlation of the trademark and domain names, to the rights of owners of these objects, proposals were developed and justified for introducing amendments and additions to the Article 26 of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “Trademarks, Service Marks and Appellations of Origin”, with a purpose of introducing Web sites in the object of legal protection, ensuring and protection of existing rights - in the articles 3 and 6 “On the legal protection of programs for electronic computers and databases”.
17. The proposals for introducing amendments and additions to the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On electronic commerce” aimed at forming a mechanism for effective legal regulation of electronic commerce in the Republic of Uzbekistan arc justified with the following content:
- specify the purpose and scope of the law execution (Article 1);
- instead of the concept of electronic commerce (Article 3), the basic concepts should be fixed in the law;
- to expand powers of the specially authorized state body in the sphere of electronic commerce (Article 8), to add to their number such powers as implementation of state policy in the sphere of electronic commerce, coordination of activities of state bodies in the sphere of electronic commerce and cooperation with other states and international organizations, implementation of measures on protecting the rights and legitimate interests of participants of e-commcrce;
- rename the participants of electronic commerce (Article 10) to the subjects of electronic commerce, disclosure of the legal status, types and activities of these entities;
-to introduce the concept of information intermediary (Article 12), his/her legal status, types, as well as those who can not be an information intermediary, through this, specify entities that arc information intermediary and the mechanism of his/her taxation;
-expand the terms of the contract in electronic commerce (Article 14), fully disclose the properties of electronic contracts, issues of conclusion, storage, recognition or non-rccognition as invalid;
- to revise the use of information regarding a person in electronic commerce (Article 18), to reform them as a protection of personal data, to reflect a specific legal mechanism in it that protects personal data known between the subjects of electronic commerce;
- to introduce requirements on ensuring security in respect of subjects of electronic commerce, responsibility of subjects of electronic commerce on ensuring security, the rules of applicable law.
18. In order to indicate the solution of the problem of determining jurisdiction within the framework of civil-legal relations in the Internet, proposals were justified and developed on introduction of amendments amd additions to the relevant articles of the Economic Procedural Code and the Civil Procedure Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
19. Drafts of the Laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On the national internet segment” aimed at comprehensive regulation of civil-legal relations in the Internet and “On introducing amendments and addenda to certain legislative acts of the Republic of Uzbekistan in connection with further development of the sphere of informatization and legal support of public relations in information and communication sphere”, aimed at improving these relations in certain areas were developed and sent to the authorized bodies.
20. The following proposals were substantiated on regulating civil-legal relations in the Internet within the framework of international legal documents:
- adopt a universal international-legal document aimed at ensuring legal regulation and establishment of the legal regime of the Internet and relations in it;
- the need for paying special attention to the development of legal methods for the protection of intellectual property rights in the legislative acts and global information networks in formation of legal mechanisms for the protection of intellectual property rights is indicated. At the same time, it is necessary to introduce amendments to international legal documents directly regulating relations in the sphere of intellectual property (the Universal Copyright Convention of 1952, the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works of 1886), as well as at the global level - at the level of the World Organization of intellectual property to adopt a separate international legal document on protection of intellectual property rights in the Internet;
- adopt a special international convention on electronic document circulation for the development of c-commcrce at the international level.
21. Development of a legal mechanism aimed at ensuring the civil-legal circulation of domain names and Web sites in the Internet, availability of these relations in the form of contractual and legal, the need to ensure free circulation of these objects on the basis of their purchase and sale and lease arc justified, exemplary contracts arc developed.
22. It is noted that the lack of a single type and system of electronic digital signatures in the national legislation in the sphere of electronic commerce has a negative impact on development of this sphere. At the same time, the need to ensure unification of electronic digital signatures within the framework of our country and recognition of these signatures at the international level is justified.
23. In order to effectively develop e-commcrce, it is necessary to develop a specific legislative strategy that can create opportunity for integration into the global and open market of the country and development of universal rules specific to this market. The necessity of creation of conditions for implementation of free commercial activity in foreign currency by legal entities that carry out international e-commcrce in this sphere is substantiated.
24. The system of collision connectors (server location legislation, location legislation of provider registry, national domain law) that serve to form collision-legal regulation of complex civil law relations that arise in a virtual space on the basis of new approach in national civil law has been developed.
As well as, jurisdiction over disputes arising out of legal relations within the Internet and the law defining rules applicable within the scope of the dispute arc analyzed from scientific-practical point of view, and it is stated that such issue can be addressed by introducing the following provisions into the legislative acts:
1) if the communication with foreign legal order is clearly defined (if foreign law is violated by means of individualization) or if the parties arc requiring to apply a foreign legal order, the issue of the applicable law should be resolved on the basis of the collision norms that address the content of close communication principle of the country of trial to a certain attitude;
2) if communication with foreign law is unclear, the following approach should be used on resolving the issue:
- if the court decision is to be recognized and enforced in the territory of a foreign country, the court must address the collision issue and determine the applicable law;
- if the court decision is to be executed on the territory of that state, the law of the country of trial should be applied.
A number of theoretical and practical proposals and conclusions have been formulated within the framework of the dissertation. All of them contribute to enriching the national doctrine of improving the legal regulation of social relations in the sphere of information technologies from the general point of view, to improving the legislative acts and law enforcement practice.

The aim of the research work is working out of ways of clearing of impurity and activation of wet-process phosphoric acid (WPA), technologies of processing high-magnesia phosphorites to phosphoric acid and processing of secondary phosphates to concentrated phosphoric and microelement contents fertilizers by decomposition of activated WPA.
Scientific novelty of the research work consists in the following:
for the first time in a wide range of change of parameters as boiling temperatures, pressure of sated steams, warmth of steam formation, electric conductivity, pH in systems H3PO4-H2O, HjPOj-MgSC^-HiO, НзРО4-Мд5О4-NH4NO3-H2O and magnesium contents WPA, containing ammonium nitrate arc studied;
it is proved of improvement physical and chemical and rheological properties of the concentrated solutions of WPA containing ammonium nitrate, that occurs at the expense of destruction of hydrates of magnesium sulphate;
possibility of activation of phosphoric acid from magnesium contents phosphorites in the presence of ammonium nitrate is revealed;
for the first time law of distribution of components of phosphatic raw materials of Karatau is established at crushing and influence of the size of particles on degree of decomposition of phosphorite, which passes through a minimum with increase in the size of particles and the reasons of shielding of a surface of large grains by a crust from small crystals of calcium sulphate arc proved;
it is studied influence of magnesium to processes of decomposition of phosphorites and crystallisation of dehydrate calcium sulphate at vitriolic wetprocess phosphoric acid;
possibility of simultaneous clearing WPA from sulphates and fluorine in a unified technological cycle of manufacture WPA is established, allowing to intensify processes of clearing of acid for the account reduction of stages of process and to receive from phosphorites of Central Kyzylkum ecologically pure product - ammophos the premium quality with contents of P2O5 not less than 52%;
developed technologies of reception of the concentrated phosphoric fertilizers and fertilizers with microelements by decomposition of secondary phosphates with concentrated and activated ammonium nitrate of WPA and WPA, containing microelements.

The aim of the research work distinguish the difference between the sources of pollution of soils of desert region of the southern region of Uzbekistan by oil and oil products, and to develop biological treatment method.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
for the first time the distances on the pollution sources of several soil types of arid zone polluted by oil and oil products and the differences on soil profiles were revealed;
changes in the organic and anthropogenic carbon, and humus contents of the soils polluted by oil and oil products were studied;
created recultivation technology of combined application of the strains of MFD-100 Pseudomonas stutzeri, MFD-200 Pseudomonas caryophyllis, MFD-5000 Bacillus subtilisfox the arid zone soils polluted by oil and oil products;
developed the individual factors, algorithm and stages of recultivation of the soils polluted by oil and oil products, and done periodization of recultivation process;
rehabilitation parameters and coefficients of soil fertility after recultivation of the soils polluted by oil and oil products were developed.

The aim of the research work is to develop efficient production technology of certified apple seedlings using multipliable rootstock clones to establish intensive type of industrial orchards.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
For the first time in Uzbekistan, morpho-biological features of growth and development of vegetative multipliable apple rootstocks of the East Mailing and Malling-Merton collection were thoroughly studied; regional classification of these rootstocks on growth power of aboveground tree parts was conducted; frost tolerance of shoots, buds and roots of the rootstocks, productivity of mother trees of apple rootstocks depending of their age, water and nutrients supply was revealed; effective growing conditions for the rootstocks originated from woody shoots was defined; a new progressive technology of the rootstocks cultivation from semi-woody green cuttings on artificial substratum in special facilities with regulated micro-climate was developed; optimal budding timing taking into account rhythms of cambial activity of cells of varietal and grafting combinations was determined; high correlations (r=0.93 to r=1.00) between budding timing, survival rate of the buds and output rate of the apple standard seedlings was found.

The aim of the research. Develop prevention and treatment of perinatal complications caused by antiphospholipid syndrome on the basis of improvements tactics is during pregnancy.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
identified in pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome, hcmostasiological criteria improve the performance of screening tests of hemostasis d-Dimer and SFMC and the effect on the termination of pregnancy on the basis of blood clots by increasing the cellular and molecular adhesion as a result of the activation of tissue factor by increasing the production of monocytes;
identified prognostic features of the production of proinflammatory cytokinesIL-1, IL-6 and FNOa and pathogenetic descriptiveness, previous perinatal complications.
proven apoptotic effects of proinflammatory cytokines in the development of perinatal complications on the basis of induction mediators activating the coagulation cascade, depending on the increase of performance screening tests (d-Dimcr and SFMC) hemostasis;
we developed a method of complex treatment of perinatal complications in women with antiphospholipid syndrome, which includes the use of Esscntiale Forte N to restore reproductive function and hemostasis system, as well as Scrrata to control the activity of interleukins;
developed methods of prevention and treatment of individual differentiated perinatal complications with the use of hepatic enzyme and drugs to control the activity of interleukins, proved the efficiency of the developed treatment strategy compared with the traditional tactics of treatment in women with antiphospholipid syndrome;

The aim of the research work: was to improve diagnostic and prognostic criteria for management of women with cervical disease and endometrial hyperplasia.
The scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
To Show significant differences between the sample and the population groups of patients with endometrial hyperplasia and cervical pathology in frequency of allelic and genotypic variants of the studied genes TP53, TNF-a and their associations;
To proof of the role of the combination of two gene polymorphisms rsl042522 TP53 and rsl800629 TNF-a in the development and progression of endometrial hyperplastic processes and 3-4 - multiply significantly increase the risk of intraepithelial cervical neoplasia (%2 = 6.6; P = 0.01; OR = 3.4; 95 % CI 1.278, 9.083);
To establish the role of pro- and anti-apoptotic expression of P53 and Bcl-2 protein in the formation of hyperplastic and neoplastic processes, especially when combined;
To prove the role of endothelial dysfunction, manifested by an increase in the level of nitric oxide and its radical, the content of endothclia (ET-1), vascular growth factor (VEGF) and activity of metalloproteinase in the development of cervical pathology and endometrial hyperplasia. Prognostic significance of cervical pathology and hyperplastic processes in the endometrium is a sharp increase in the level of ET-1 and VEGF;
The algorithm of differential diagnosis and management of patients with hyperplastic and neoplastic processes in the endometrium and endocervix;
To developc a range of clinical grading, instrumental, cytological and biochemical indicators of women, depending on the pathology of conducting such patients on an outpatient basis, the basic principles of treatment and clinical examination.

The aim of research work: optimization therapy of ethnic Uzbek patients with NAFLD with use of lignin cntcrosorbcnt and pentoxifylline depending on the frequency of pathological alleles of PNPLA3 gene.
Scientific novelty of the research work consists of following:
for the first time an association of polymorphism of PNPLA3gcne with NAFLD is found in ethnic Uzbek patients; for the first time it is proved that a risk of development of NAFLD in ethnic Uzbeks is associated with a carriage of G allele of polymorphic G/C marker of PNPLA3 gene. Allele C, on the contrary, is related with a decreased risk of development of NAFLD and can be considered as a protective factor; for the first time interrelations between polymorphic markers of PNPLA3 gene and components of a cluster of NAFLD are studied; an estimation of clinical manifestations, metabolic disorders in patients with NAFLD, carriers of various genotypes of polymorphic G/T markers of PNPLA3 gene is given; dependence of indicators of Filiation processes, colloid solubilizing properties of bile, entcrohepatic recycling of bile and processes of fecal excretion of BA on carriage of various genotypes of polymorphic G/T markers of PNPLA3 gene is established in ethnic Uzbek patients with NAFLD; correlation between a degree of dysbiotic changes of microflora of the large intestine and a degree of cytolytic, cholestatic processes in hepatocytes of patients with NAFLD depending on polymorphism of PNPLA3 gene arc revealed; the expediency of complex use of lignin entcrosorbcnt and pentoxifylline for correction of a dysbiosis syndrome, endotoxemia and inflammatory processes in hepatocytes in patients with NASH, carriers of allele G of PNPLA3 gene is shown.

The aim of research work: development of new approaches for increase of efficacy in diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of possible complications of endothelial dysfunction in IDCT patients with mitral valve prolapse.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
estimation of IDCT pathophysiological role in MVP progress, peculiarities of electric conductivity and cardiac rhythm changes, intracardiac hemodynamics and connection of the marked entcmal and external IDCT phens degree and mitral valve regurgitation was determined;
molecular mechanisms making the basis of the connective tissue dysplasia were revealed, i.e. the role of magnesium ions concentration disturbance, collagen metabolism, metal- proteinase activity and their inhibitors;
the leading role of endothelial dysfunction in IDCT patients with MVP information of cardiac gcmodynamics and functional cardiomyocites activity disturbance is shown;
efficacy of therapeutic prophylactic use of preparations including magnesium and L-arginin was established in correction of endothelial dysfunction and collagen exchange disturbance that resulted in improvement of cardiac homodynamic indices, cardiac conductivity and rhythm, decrease of clinical manifestations of the disease;
algorithm of examination in order to reveal IDCT with MVP, medical prophylactic algorithm depending on the disease severity, collagen contents, angiogenesis and ED disturbances were developed.

The aim of the research work. Determination of the content of total and available forms of B, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Mo in various soils of the Zarafshan valley, revealing the regularities in the distribution of available forms by soil profile, studying the effect of micronutrients on the germination of cotton seeds, installed the role of cobalt in cotton nutrition, technology development of its application.
Scientific novelty of the research work. The content was determined for the first time and the dependence of the gross and accessible forms of microelements in various types and subtypes of soils in the right-and left-bank zones of the Zarafshan valley from the humus state, the reaction of the soil solution and the granulometric composition was established; the optimum concentrations of trace elements were determined when the seeds were frozen; the influence of microelements on the germination of seeds under conditions of sulfate and chloride salinity has been established, the most effective trace elements have been identified; the influence of cobalt on cotton has been studied, its physiological role has been established, the critical and maximum periods in plant requirements and the interaction of NPK and cobalt in the food process have been identified; in types soil and climatic conditions of the valley, optimal application rate, methods, terms for introducing cobalt microfertilizers were identified and their effect on yield and product quality was determined.

The aim of research work.Toclaborateidcntification ofsingular and triplet lyric genres in contemporary Uzbek poetry and to disclose their genesis and poetic features.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
Leading features of the singular and triplet genres which arc developed as a separate art system due to its genre features, historical-genetic bases and poetic nature are clarified;
Singular and triplet as a poetic genre which existed in the history of Uzbek literature and their activeness and passivenessin some periods of literary development is proved;
Nature of lyrical feelings as a cause of writing poems of different forms and here thcimportance of artistic language and necessity of opposite notional structure in the formation of poem text is showed;
Classification of singular as an artistic perception, expression method, subject area and sound quality and the way of appearance of poet’s peculiar poetic inventions is founded;
Genre features, composite structure, image system and content layers of artistic expression of the rcalityof singular and triplet arc identified;
Triplet poem structure is a partly modified option of quatrain poem structure and a result of authors’ inquiry, its form and content unit, Uzbek people national thinking style and artistic-aesthetic ideal in the system of theme and ideas is disclosed.

The aim of research work is to investigate the semantic structure of phrascologisms, their semantic-structural and formal-syntagmatic properties and to define the basis of modeling them.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
the place of phrascologisms in the system of fixed expressions has been to defined, isomorphism between phraseological and lexical meanings, also the relation of phraseological and lexical meanings within a phraseological environment have been defined, categorial meanings of phrascologisms, their semantic symmetric and asymmetric relationship have been exposed;
it has been proved that modeling as a universal phenomenon appropriate to all the levels of language by sample of phonological, morphemic-morphological, syntactical and phraseological units;
components (lexemes) in a phraseme have been studied semantically-structurally, foundation of semantic modeling phrascologisms has been defined by determining phrasemes distinguished by certain semantic properties;
subject, object, temporal, local, causal, aim and quantitative valences of phraseological units have been defined and their status in modeling has been settled.

The aim of the research work is to develop scientific and practical recommendations to improve the management mechanism of ecological tourism development in Uzbekistan.
The scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
substantiated improvement of the mechanism for managing the ccotourism is an important aspect of the strategic development of tourism sector;
elaborated environmental protection, ccotourism security and control strategies for ccotourism development management,;
developed rating method for evaluation of the effectiveness of ccotourism and managing its resources efficiently;
all categories of protected areas in Uzbekistan have been studied and recommended to allocate part of them as a recrcational-eco-tourism areas, also their opportunities have been studied and identified development prosperities;
identified the development index of ecological tourism in protected natural areas, and determined possibilities of increasing the share of ccotourism in the gross domestic product (GDP) by increasing the income of ecological tourism.
improvement of management mechanisms in the development of ecological tourism and directions of its integration in the national economy arc justified.

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. In the past decades, according to WHO, the number of people with pancreatitis has doubled, and the average age of patients has decreased from 50 to 38 years. Throughout the world there has been a steady trend towards an increase in the number of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
The aim of the research work is to study the immunogcnctic mechanisms of the formation of various clinical forms of HP and to justify their role in optimizing early diagnosis and treatment.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows: for the first time, a comprehensive study of patients with CP in Uzbekistan was conducted and marked dysfunction of immunogenctic mechanisms for the formation and development of disorders leading to or contributing to the risk of the disease; correlations of key cytokines with a number of clinical laboratory syndromes and indices of the immune system in alcoholic and biliary CP; the use of cytokine profile indices for differential diagnosis of severity and clinical forms of CP has been proposed; established dysfunction of the cytokine cascade gene, which causes the expression of various key mediators of inflammation and contributes to destructive inflammatory changes in the pancreas; pathogenetically significant interrelationships of genetic variants of polymorphism with clinical laboratory indicators in CP and their role in the development of complications arc determined; the use of cytokine status indicators as a prognostication of the severe course of chronic pancreatitis and its complications is pathogenetically substantiated; a new direction in the treatment of pancreatitis has been developed - a combined approach to the complex of therapeutic measures in CP.

The aim of the research is to work out diagnostic criteria and complex therapy of allergic diseases of eyes in children taking into account clinical-immunologic status.
Scientific novelty of the research work
The complex clinical-immunologic and biochemical study of lachrymal liquid was performed for the first time in case of allergic reactions about eyes in children.
Risk factors of the allergic diseases of eyes development in young children are genetic and social-domestic factors, while for elder children there is preceding food, domestic, epidermal or pollen sensitizing, the manifestation degree of which effects the severity of clinical symptoms.
We detected the diagnostic significance of various methods of immunologic and biochemical research of lachrymal liquid in children with allergic diseases of eyes.
There is estimation of the role of duly diagnostics and pathologic genetic therapy of atopic diseases of eyes in children.
We worked out differential diagnostic criteria of various clinical-immunologic forms of allergic diseases of eyes.
There is presentation of the role of complex therapy of allergic diseases of eyes in children dependently on the etiologic process.

The aim of research work is to define the most often meeting types of fungi-pathogens in ornamental flowers grown in greenhouses conditions and in the open ground of Tashkent and Namangan regions and improving measures of their control.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
59 kinds, 11 forms and 1 variation of fungi-pathogens in 15 types of flowers grown in the conditions of Tashkent and Namangan regions were defined;
infection of selected flowers by 81 kinds of fungi-pathogens was determined;
it was revealed, that the selected 15 species of flower plants were infected with the most dangerous diseases, such as fusarium wilt -10 species of flowers, gray rot-11, rust-11, and powdery mildew-6;
in the conditions of our republic on 15 types of flowers was used Trichoderma viride as a biological method and such kind of fungicides as Maksim, Baileton, Fundazol in controlling of defined diseases as chemical method and economical efficiency of these measures were estimated.

The aim of research work is development of technology for optimization parameters, range expansion, improvement of quality indicators of national avrofabrics.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
it established that the cause of uneven yam tension in the process of developing Avrova fabric on the loom is the non-uniformity of the tension warp yams for libita width;
it developed a new method of technology for the national awr fabric with desired properties and structures;
experimentally proved the geometric shape of the section lapping-ki libita yam wound on the warping drum and analytically determined amount of filament winding;
developed and theoretically justified libit-warping drum aligns the yam tension libita;
apparatus for binding surface libita, to provide a predetermined tension Avrova thread and an electronic SET Single registration for the value of the thread tension. Theoretically determined the specific density of the winding process and parameters avrbandnogo optimized eliminated fault «Nalezhka» in the fabric;
developed new structures Avrova tissue, a method of producing pile fabrics, knitted fabrics receive Avrova way to warp knitting machine;
the optimal technological parameters of weaving process, allowing reduction in breakage and improving the quality of fabrics «Khan-Atlas».

The aim of research work is to improve the quality of products and increase the range of export textile products based on the advanced technology for producing twisted yarns.
Scientific novelty of the research work is follow:
the classification of methods for the production of twisted yams and textile products from single, cotton textile yam has been improved, and a new classification has been developed for the structure of twisting machines and its mechanisms;
a new twisting device has been developed based on advanced technology for producing multilayer twisted yam by a single-process method;
the optimum values of the main technological and kinematic parameters of the new twisting device arc determined bodies using mathematical models of its main working;
technological parameters for the production of sewing threads from compact yam by double-twisting machine were determined and samples of sewing threads were produced;
the technological parameters for the production of twisted yams of various assortments by double twisting machine arc determined;
produced twisted yams with different structures, with certain properties with low twist and smooth twist distribution new technology.

The aim of the research work is the development of a new technique, improvement the technological packaging.
Scientific novelty of the research work consists in the following: an effective resource-saving technology for loading and distributing cotton into closed storage facilities was developed in the process of disassembly and supply of stocked raw cotton in production; the regularities taking into account the lateral forces acting at the opening of the trough of the distribution device of raw cotton have been revealed, and as a result, methods for their calculation have been proposed; theoretically determined the increase in the angular velocity of the trough, which led to a reduction in the time of its opening; a technological scheme describing the process of filling and unloading gutters with the continuous supply of raw cotton is proposed; a rational variant of the mutual positioning of the air pipe and the main driving working member of the milling cutter in the cotton feeder is proposed; Theoretically, the regularity is proved, the force of influence of the milling cutters on the layer of raw cotton to be separated during the process of feeding it into production 

The aim of research work. Scientific and practical substantiation of application of synthetic polymers in paper composition in combination to cotton cellulose from lint, an establishment of the mechanism of interaction of components of a paper among themselves and with a printing paint, improvement of physicmechanical. printing-technical properties of new kinds of papers, and an estimation of quality of the printed prints on experimental kinds of paper.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
It is developed the technology of reception of the paper containing XCL and WSF, the rational composition is scientifically proved and it is investigated possibilities of its usage in polygraphy:
It is created laws of formation of paper mass with using of synthetic polymers and the natural silk waste modified by solution or hydrolyzed PAN-fibers;
It is created principles of strengthening of intermolecular communications with using of polymers with hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups for sizing in mass:
It is developed the method of increasing safety of paper documents from fake by introducing of the painted fibrous components;
It is given the proofs of estimating method of paint sensing on printing material with account of its surface, deepness of absorbency and distribution of paint among levels
It is defined parameters of regulation of printing -technical properties of a paper on the basis of XCL and synthetic polymers.
It is executed the method of drastic ascent by Box-Wilson optimization of parameters in paint sensing on printing experimental types of papers.

The aim of the research work is to determine the principles of formation of the Arabic lexicography, grammatical and semantic analysis of Arab-Turkic dictionary of Khorezm options “Mukaddamat-ul-adab”, its place in world lexicography.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
Mahmud Zamahshary was a founder of the Arab lexicographical school, in which he introduced a system of location of the domestic roots of words alphabetically. Rightly place the ancient Khorezm manuscript which includes the Turkic wordlist in the development of linguistics and lexicography, source studies;
examined semantic peculiarities of Turkic dictionary in manuscript, affliation of its lexical stratum by XIII-XV centures.
“Mukaddamat-ul-adab” was investigated from lexicography and linguistic points of view for the first time and reasonably that the work is the first multi-lingual Dictionary with essential grammar rules.

The aim of the research work is to define the equality of the structuring methods of Persian transport terms with international stable terms, special peculiarities of models and methods of word formation in the Persian terminology, as well as, to prove the usage of doubles in spatiality terminology.
Scientific novelty of the research work is follow ing:
Methods of term forms of school world terminology and their position in traditional terminology have been proved;
similarities and differences between Eastern countries language academies and schools that form terms in Europe have been maintained theoretically.
international terminology standards- of 704 ISO’s impact to the terminology of Persian language, also to the methods of terms have been proved.
traditional forms of terms in Persian language and modem present time directions, affixation in forming terms, half-affixation, composition, transposition and lexicalization and effective methods of derivation have been proved.
the usage of Persian language transport terms in specialist’s literature and global information resources have been discussed.

The aim of research work is to develop proposals and recommendations on the basis of the comparative historical and comparative typological study of the typology of the genre’s formation and development, the dynamics of the genre, its new forms, modern poetic and stylistic searches of Egypt, Syria, Palestine, Jordan, Iraq, Lebanon short stories.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
The ways of development of the short story genre of the twentieth-century have been substantiated based on the comparative historical and comparative typological analysis of the short story genre of Egypt, Syria, Iraq, Palestine, Jordan and Lebanon;
The processes of interaction and adaptation of the modem directions and currents on the basis of the analysis of short stories of Arab writers of the XX century have been worked out;
The use of the art traditions inherent in medieval Arabic prose with modern means of expression and image, creative interpretation of the myths of the peoples of the East and Greece have been substantiated;
The new interpretations of themes and images of short stories from the ancient religious sources for the artistic and aesthetic reflection of the modern reality have been revealed;
The features of the themes and poetics of the modern Arabic short story such as «short story», «long story», «very short-short story» have been analyzed.

The aim of the research work is to study «Ayyam al-Arab» as a literary and artistic monument of the early Middle Ages, which played a major role in the further development of the literature of the peoples of the East.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
the value of «Ayyam al-Arab» is grounded not only as the oldest literary and historical monument, but its importance as a source of artistic culture is revealed;
features and typology of narrative and plot composition of epic tradition, its genre nature, artistic and narrative features of «Ayyam al-Arab» are proved;
the correlation of oral and written traditions in the Arabian epic, the transitional period of artistic creation from the non-literate state to the literary and scientifically grounded correlation of these traditions is argued;
the folklore sources of tribal traditions and their genetic connection with the epic are proved on the basis of the analysis of the oral traditions of «Ayyam al-Arab» as a model of early medieval Arabic literature;
the importance of tribal traditions as an inexhaustible source of plots of medieval Arab literature is substantiated, and the influence of legends on the work of not only pre-Islamic and medieval but also modem poets and writers is argued.

The urgency and relevance of the theme of the dissertation.. Scientific researches aimed at deep understanding of national values, traditions, customs, history and culture of peoples on the base of belles-lettres works, as well as revelation of universal and differential categories of culture present a vital importance for modem translatology. Comprehensive analysis of the translations of belles-lettres texts from Uzbek language and backwards, revelation of humanistic, spiritual, and cultural values of the peoples, as well as comparative study of national-cultural specificity of each language is one of the priority objectives of philological studies.
During the years of independence in our country, a special attention is paid to the culture, art. and literature. In particular, the interest to the familiarization with the best samples of world literature through direct translation into Uzbek language has risen; as well as scientific-theoretical and comparative-typological researches in this sphere increased. It is also worth mentioning that the quality of such researches rose and the increasing dynamics of application the results of the research into practical spheres is observed. As one of the priority directions of the Strategy of actions for further development of Uzbekistan it is considered “the stimulation of scientific-research and innovative activity, creation of effective mechanisms of application of scientific and innovative achievements into practice, foundation of scientific-experimental specialized laboratories, centers of high technologies, and techno parks under the higher educational establishments in the republic’^ that opens up possibilities for broadening of scientific researches and extension of scientific results in the sphere of translatology.
A special attention of translation schools in the scientific world is paid to the researches related to the national picture of the world and to the problems of its representation in translation. We observe that rcalia. phraseological units, and parcmias in works translated during the years of independence from Uzbek language into Fiuncli have been iendcicd in the language of liaiiblaliun inadequately, omitted or expressed through Russian transliteration. This, in its turn, can lead to a distorted view of any reader about Uzbek thinking, their worldview ordcpict the incomplete picture of Uzbek mentality. To solve these problems, it is necessary to increase the amount of researches devoted to the study of translated works, to determine the level of their quality and to solve lexicographic problems, as well as detailed analysis of each translation is essential. The need for a thorough and scientifically substantiated discussion of such important problems determines the relevance of the topic of this study.
The present scientific study senes to a certain degree to achieve the objectives set out in the following legal documents: the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “About State Youth Policy” from February, 14 2016; the Decree of the President PF-4947 “the Strategy of actions for further development of the Republic of Uzbekistan” from February', 7 2017; the Resolution PP-2789 “On the measures of further development of Academy of Sciences, organization, management, and financing of scientific-research activity” from February', 17 2017; the Resolution PP-2894 “On the foundation of the alley of literati at the National park of Uzbekistan named after Alisher Navoi” from April. 18 2017; and some others related to this sphere.
The aim of the research is conceptual analysis of the problem of reconstructing the national picture of the world in a literary translation and the development of practical recommendations on the solution to certain problems of the adequacy of the translation.
The scientific novelty of the research is expressed in the following points: the representations of philosophic-linguistic interpretation of the phenomena “national picture of the world” and “picture of the world” in the sphere of translatology were broadened:
on the base of contextual-componcntial analysis, it was justified that the correct rendering of rcalia, phraseological units, and parcmic units in translation serves to represent the national picture of the world of the original in translation;
the level of linguistic and background knowledge of a translator, the quality of translator skills in revealing implicit and explicit information on the examples from bcllcs-lcttcrs texts translated directly and indirectly during the independence were shown;
scientific-practical recommendations for revelation of the reasons of occurrence and the means of their decrease on the base of the characteristics of such phenomena as sonance. dissonance, cognitive dissonance were elaborated;
the necessity to include the words with national-cultural components into linguo-cultural dictionaries was substantiated;
the principles of compilation of “visual and audio-visual dictionary of national-cultural words” on the base of the results of the research and scientific-theoretical conclusions were elaborated;
Conclusion
1. The analysis of scientific-theoretical views on the phenomenon of “national picture of the world” makes it possible to come to the following conceptual definition of the term: “national picture of the world is national -individual attitude to the objects, phenomena, events around in the mind of every representative or individual of any nationality”.
2. National-linguistic peculiarities of the phenomenon of “picture of the world” in translation texts is identified by adequate translation of idiomatic expressions, parcmiological phrases, and rcalia.
3. The translation of literary works performed during the independence period has shown that national-cultural expressions were mainly translated using Russian transliteration, omitted, or blended with rcalia in target language.
4. The level of background knowledge of the translator in the translation of the works from Uzbek into French or from French into Uzbek is evaluated by the knowledge of the history, geography, culture, traditions, and everyday life of people whose native is the source language of translation.
5. The skills, abilities, and qualifications of the translator may be evaluated by the following criteria:
a) the ability of the translator to choose a book for translation based on the translator-author-book triad:
b) the translator's high level of background knowledge and full awareness of national-cultural information:
c) the translator’s extensive world outlook, artistic-aesthetic "sensitivity" and translational "curiosity";
d) thetranslator’s ability to "use" and "create"words.
6. The adequate rendering of proverbs and sayings, phrazcologica) units, as national and cultural elements, allows them to find the equivalent value in the translation language, look for alternative versions, and choose between different shades of meanings of language units.
7. One of the solutions to pressing issues of the translation of folk proverbs was the conceptual recommendations for the creation of a bilingual dictionary of French proverbs, which contained French-language versions of Uzbek proverbs.
8. Cognitive dissonance plays an important role in the selection and identification of adequate translations. In the translation of literary works, the following four factors have been identified as the main factors leading to the cognitive dissonance in the process of reproducing the national picture of the world: indirect translation, misuse of rcalias (non-cquivalcnt lexis), breach of semantics of set expressions, inclusion of “false friends of translator”
9. Certain principles were developed in order to overcome the occurrence of cognitive dissonance as a phenomenon and condition in translation. They include the followings: turning the implicit information in the original into explicit information in translation; proper choice of phraseological units; necessity of levelled choice of the material for translation; compiling bilingual translation dictionaries of national-cultural expressions. Transliteration, making footnotes, and descriptive translation were proved to be the most convenient ways of rendering rcalias (non-cquivalcnt lexis) in translation.
10. Reduction and overcoming of cognitive dissonance and achieve adequate translation is determined by the existence of bilingual dictionaries of national-cultural words in every language. Compiling of such dictionaries is based on the following stages:
1) analytical-theoretical;
2) practical;
3) technical;
4) experimental-testing.
11. Content structure of the dictionary includes:
- words of Uzbek national culture grouped according to their meaning;
- words with national-cultural component were defined using “Uzbek language explanatory dictionary”, “Etymological dictionary of Uzbek language”, historical and local sources (some of the words included into the dictionary were not fixed in written sources before);
- national-cultural words translated into French;
- national-cultural words rendered using transcription and transitcration;
- in order to make the meaning of words clearer and easy to imagine for dictionary users, colourful pictures depicting the words were added;
- grammatical categories of words (their number and gender):
- each word was provided with a sound pronunciation activated by a special button.
12. The elaboration of bilingual and multilingual dictionaries of words with national-cultural component allows extending the knowledge about the national picture of the world at the expense of including the following thematic layers: national songs (local songs), national and local dances: national and local cuisine; national and local rituals: fauna; flora; symbols; colours, and numbers.

The aim of the research is the pedagogical design of the professional education processes in higher educational institutions in the electronic information and educational environment.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
The scientific novelty of research is as follows:
- In the e-leaming environment, the components of the pedagogical design, inventiveness, modeling and experimentation have been identified and introduced in the development of knowledge, skills and qualifications of future vocational education teachers.
- In the e-leaming environment, a model of pedagogical design has been developed that promotes the competence of future vocational education teachers, the quality and effectiveness of their professional readiness.
- Software and open educational resources designed to introduce the possibilities of modern information-methodological education in the e-learning environment on the basis of pedagogical design.
- Innovative forms of organization of qualitative pedagogical practice, e-learning-methodical complexes, and electronic manuals are invited as a mechanism for the development of professional competences of future teachers. - the stages of knowledge development, skills and abilities in the electronic information and educational environment of future teachers of vocational education are improved;

The aim of research is improving the practical-technological systems and socio-pcdagogical mechanisms of development of spiritual culture in the students of pedagogical higher education establishments.
The scientific novelty of the research consists of the following:
the interpersonal, group, collective and value-oriented integration impact mechanism for professional socialization was improved by identifying the philosophical, pedagogical and psychological factors of the development of spiritual culture in students:
informative-cognitive, pcrsonal-valuc-oricntcd, emotional, artistic-creative components and diagnostic apparatus of diagnosing the level of development of spiritual culture of the students of pedagogical higher education establishments were improved through the assessment of professional and pedagogical orientation and pedagogical communication skills, and identification of the level of achievements and empathy;
a local-modular technology was worked out on the basis of integration of five phases of development of spiritual culture in students - familiarization, knowledge; evaluation, reflection, selection; intcriorization; reproduction and updating of qualifications in activity; strengthening and correction;
neurolinguistic programming technologies of development of spiritual culture were improved through the formation of effective communication techniques in students, preparation for activities aimed at consciously changing their behaviour, and management of intellectual processes on the basis of external and internal influences;

The aim of the research is to improve the pedagogical mechanisms for developing students’ creative abilities through interactive teaching methods and technologies.
The scientific novelty of the research consists of the following:
The components of the curriculum focused on general professional and speciality-oriented cognitive and social competencies of developing students’ creative abilities were identified;
The integrated methodological system for the development of creative abilities in the interactive educational environment, the content of reproductive, creative-exploratory and innovative stages, as well as the prognostic and qualimetric methods for evaluating the process efficiency were worked out;
The overall qualification requirements for the creative competence of the pedagogical staff of higher education establishments in the specialty of “Pedagogy” were improved;
On the basis of organizational, creative and integrated approach, practical suggestions and recommendations were worked out on designing the teaching and educational activities and developing students’ creative abilities through interactive teaching methods and technologies.

The aim of the research is improving the methodological training of future primary school teachers.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
The aspects (motivational, cognitive, procedural, integrative) of methodical preparation of future primary school teachers have been improved, degrees that show methodical preparation (reproductive, effective, integrative) have been developed;
The technology which increase future primary teachers’ methodical preparation has been created;
The model which includes the conceptual, reflexive, integrative-personal components of improvements of future primary teachers’ methodical preparation;
There have been created multimedia resource and educational-methodical database, based on the innovative-pedagogical as well as informationcommunication technology, of increasing future primary teachers’ methodical preparation

The aim of the research work is improvement of technology of processing low-grade sylvinites of Tyubcgatan deposit to potassium chloride and working out of technology of processing halite waste of production to sodium chloride.
The scientific novelty of dissertational research consists in the following:
new data about structure and properties of sylvinitc ores of the Tyubcgatan deposit arc obtained and law of influence of fractional structure of orc and mineral contents of i.r. of sylvinite to processes hydromcchanical deslurrying is established;
revealed reasons of low efficiency of processes hydromcchanical dcslurrying of sylvinite ores of the Tyubcgatan deposit and working out technical decisions of increase of their efficiency;
processes of deslurrying and floatations of reception floatation potassium chloride from low-grade sylvinitc ores of the Tyubcgatan deposit arc improved and processes of filtration of concentrate of potassium chloride and halite waste arc intensified;
optimum technological parametres of processes is increase of an exit of sodium chloride and processing halite waste by leaching by the sated solutions of sodium chloride to technical sodium chloride and sodium chloride of food cleanliness arc established, conditions of flotation low-grade sylvinites arc revealed.

Topicality and necessity of the thesis. The study of nonequilibrium processes in silicon, doped non-traditional contaminants (NP) - transition and rare-earth elements and multilayer structures based on it as an opportunity to identify ways to improve reliability, service life and reproducibility of electrical parameters of semiconductor devices. This aspect of the study of the processes of interaction of non-traditional impurities among themselves and with uncontrolled impurities in silicon; development of methods for non-stationary capacitance spectroscopy for the determination of bulk and surface defects in silicon multilayer structures; a study of electrophysical and optical properties of silicon doped NP; study on the interaction of atoms of NP growth with impurities (oxygen) in silicon; the study of the physical processes occurring in the volume of dielectric, semiconductor, on the border of their section and in the transition layer of Si - SiO2; the study of the influence of external factors (irradiation, temperature, etc.) on the properties of silicon and silicon multilayer structures of the type metal-insulator-semiconductor (TIR); a study of the influence of some impurities deep - V, Ni, Sm and Gd on the properties of silicon MIS structures is considered to be one of the most important tasks. Research work conducted in these areas point to the relevance of the topic of this thesis.
The aim of research work is to the study of the processes of defect formation in silicon, doped with impurities of non-traditional - transitional and rare earth elements, and a study of the influence of these impurities on the properties of silicon MIS structures.
Scientific novelty of the research work is the method of determining parameters of MIS structures by DLTS at a constant capacitance (CC-DLTS) is high-resolution Nss<1109 cm’2 eV’1), which allows to determine the energy spectrum of surface-state density at low values of Nss, the kinetics of various electron processes in MIS-structures, as well as separately to determine the parameters of electrically active defects in the bulk semiconductor, the dielectric, the transition layer Si-SiO2 and at the border of the section;
discovered that irradiation of silicon MIS structures у-quanta and electrons in the volume of dielectric is the formation of new radiation defects, the increase in the concentration of which in high doses leads to the through current, preventing the formation of a stable inversion layer at the semiconductor surface, they are removed from the surface Si;
the proposed method of determining the parameters and location of different radiation defects in mos structures exposed to penetrating radiation at positive and negative bias to the field electrode, providing the stabilizing conditions for the formation of radiation defects;

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. Studying properties of integro-differential operators and their applications to solve nonclassic problems for partial differential equations has different and important applications. Therefore, development of researches on integro-differential operators of fractional order and their application is one of the important problems.
The aim of the research work is to solve direct and inverse problems for partial differential equations with integro-differential operators, to study properties of integro-differential operators and their applications to solve nonclassic problems for elliptic equations.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
the unique solvability of nonlocal problems for partial differential equations of fourth order with integro-differential operators is proved;
for the first time basis properties of root functions of spectral problems, corresponding to the Samarskii-Ionkin type problems is studied;
the necessary conditions of the existence of inverse problems of the identification of source-function for the partial differential equations with fractional order operators are justified;
regular solvability of problems for mixed type equations of fractional order with the integral matching condition is proved;
properties of integro-differential operators of fractional order of the Hadamard and Hadamard-Marchaud type are studied and applied to solve boundary value problems for elliptic equations; 
the method of the solving boundary value problems, and also the Bitsadze-Samarskii type problems in the class of harmonic and smooth functions for equations of elliptic type with generalized boundary value operators of fractional order is worked out.

The aim of the research work is to describe and to create scientific classification of peculiarity of test motives, natural forces, mythological imaginations of fetishism, tokenism, animism, also genesis of its relativity with ritual folklore, its artistic and aesthetic function as an important circle, which consisted of prohibition, condition and agreements in the plots of folktales, its poetic peculiarities, sides of meanings.
Scientific novelty' of the research work is as follows:
it’s revealed that, the test motives are as an important circle of the epic plot and its origin from the relativity of mythological imaginations and ancient ritual folklore;
it’s instituted that, the test motives are complex of plot elements, which is consisted of prohibition, condition and agreement, its unique description in every folklore genre;
the agreement type of test has been separated and named as a single type in folklore studies, its characteristics and qualities have been detected;
it’s established that, the prohibition and conditions mostly reveal in the beginning and during of events, agreements reveal in the beginning, progress and in the end of the events, relativity of test motives with facing with sponsor, trip, captivity, death and resurrect;
it’s detected that, prohibition, condition and agreement have own poetic pairs and they have semantic types;
it’s proven that, test motives are the stem of the plot of fairy tales and it is a poetical mean, which connects main circles of the plot of folktales;
it’s revealed that, test motives create the variance of folktales on the basis of its place in epic plot.

The object of research work is to justify the fact thatirony in the modern Uzbek prose is a literary-aesthetic phenomenon, to explain the relationship between the perception of the literary work in the ironical modus and the epoch’s context, to reveal interrelations between the irony and dialogue.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
it was revealed that in the literary works of the given era, the irony was a result of a conflict between the nature and personality of the hero;
it was shown that the relationship between the perception of the literary work in the ironical modus with the epoch’s context exists;
It has been proven that the difference between irony, sarcasm, and humor depends on the object of relation;
dialogue and intertextuality are the means of expressing ironical reaction to the reality.

The aim of the research work is to identify the features of the formation of promising accumulations of hydrogen sulfide waters in the Ferghana basin.
The tasks of research:
specify peculiarities of hydrogcn-sulfidc water formation on developed and productive fields of Fergana basin;
study and establish relations between hydrogeological (M, Кф, £FbS) and geophysical (Pn, pK, f|K, y) parameters for fractured bearing sediments to trace productive aquifers within anticline structures of the southern bort of Fergana basin;
develop physical-geological model of hydrogcn-sulfidc water deposit for establishing prospecting criteria;
develop methodology of productive for hydrogcn-sulfidc water sites revelation using geophysical parameters and hydrochcmical data;
ground location of new productive for hydrogcn-sulfidc water sites of Fergana basin based on methods developed by author.
The object of the research work. Oil and gas fields located within southern bort of Fergana basin: Chongara, Northcn Soh, Chimion, Palvantash, Andizhan, Khodjaabad and Southern Alamishik.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
specified peculiarities of hydrogcn-sulfidc water formation on developed and productive fields of Fergana basin;
relations between hydrogeological and geophysical parameters for fractured bearing sediments to separate productive aquifers within anticline of Fergana basin have been established;
physical-geological model of hydrogcn-sulfidc water deposit reflecting relation between hydrogeological and geophysical parameters for establishing prospecting criteria have been developed;
methodology of productive for hydrogcn-sulfidc water sites revelation using geophysical parameters and hydrochcmical data has been developed;
location of new productive for hydrogcn-sulfidc water sites of Fergana basin: (Chongara, Northern Soh, Chimion, Palvantash, Andizhan, Khodjaabad and Southern Alamishik) has been revealed.
The outline of the thesis. Thesis work consists of introduction, five chapters, conclusion and list of used literature. Thesis volume is 120 pages of text.

The aim of research work is to identify the mineral and micromineral composition of ores and geochemical features of the distribution of gold, silver and other elements, the allocation of prospecting and evaluation criteria of gold and gold-rare metal mineralization of the Auminzatau and Bukantau mountains.
Scientific novelty of the research:
the difference of gold-rare metal and gold deposits of the Bukantau and Auminzatau is established on a complex of metasomatites and the manifestation time of different types of mineralization in them;
multistage formation of gold mineralization of Auminzatau and Bukantau and difference of gold, rare metal and gold ores is identified by a characteristic set of mineral assemblages, macro- and micromineral composition, typomorphic features of minerals and form of finding of valuable components;
geochemical relationship of gold in gold-rare metal mineralization with bismuth, tellurium and tungsten, and in gold ore - with silver, selenium and antimony is established, variability of geochemical associations of gold in near ore area associated with the zonal placement of mineral parageneses;
typical complexes of mineralogical and geochemical prospecting-evaluation criteria of the gold-rare metal and gold mineralization of theAuminzatau and Bukantau is highlighted and based on these selected promising areas.

The object of research work is presented by the poems of Navoi, Khorazmiy, Atoiy, Lutfi, Bobur, Sufi Olloyor, Nodira, Ogahi learned to explore the use and variety of poetic devices in the classic poetry.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
the factors that led to differences in the traditional definition and classification of poetry devices are identified;
the need for classifying poetic devices based on origin is proved;
the role and importance of analogy in the imaginative thinking of classical poetry is explained;
structural features of the poetic device: tashbih, and the principles of its sorting are chosen;
the points of intersection between the devices based on analogy and the types of tashbih are explored;
the functional features of poetic devices based on analogy are shown.
Implementation of the research results.
The results of the research gained were implemented as follows: Theoretical classification of poetry devices, the role of analogical devices among them, and activities planned to develop the spiritual and educational system during the process of structural and functional analysis of the analogy were used:
1. In a fundamental research project FA-F1-G040 titled as "Uzbek Literature in the aspect of Comparative Literature: Typology and Literary Influence"
As a result, there were conclusions drawn about all components of the artwork related to its structure and poetic content in accordance with the literary influence problems.
2. In a fundamental research project F-G1-G039 titled as "Creation of the Alisher Navoi (2 volumes) and Abdulla Qodiriy Encyclopedias". Information (FTA's December 14, 2016 FTK-03-13 / 904). The information related to Alisher Navoi’s works gathered and shared with a large audience, the Encyclopedia was enriched.
In Andijan Regional Television and Radio Broadcasting Company (19/10/2016, 20-21 / 90), in their series of TV and radio programs on the poetry of Navoi and Babur,the report about tashbih, istiora, tamsil, laff and nashr, talmih devices was made. It helped to increase the level of programs.
The structure and volume of the thesis. The dissertation content consists of three chapters, a summary and a list of references. The volume of research is 151 pages.

The aim of the research work is to define taxonomic content of the algoflora of the Andijan water reservoir, and justify its seasonal changes.
The object of the research is algal flora of Andijan reservoir.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
first of all, 418 species were detected and their conspectus was developed on the bases of the comprehensive inventarization of the algoflora of the Andijan water reservoir; for the first time, 10 species previously not described for the flora of Central Asia, were detected in the algoflora of the Andijan water reservoir: (Peridinium limbatum (Stokes) Lemm., Glenodinium ambiguum Thomp., Trachelomonas labiata Teiling, Trachelomonas conica Playf, Elakatothrix spirochroma (Reberd.) Hind., Cosmarium subtruncatellum Gronbl., Xanthidium variabile (Nordst.) W.et. G.S. West, Chodatella cingula (Schmit.) Fott., Coelastrum scabrum Rein., Kirchneriella cornuta Korsch.); comperative analyses of the algoflora of the Andijan water reservoir with the algofloras of several other Uzbekistan resourvoirs were conducted, and common species were detected along with specific species for the Andijan water reservoir; seasonal changes in the content of the algoflora were detected, and the difference was 40 (13,07%) between the number of the species in spring and summer seasons, 45 (13,0%) between summer and autumn seasons, and 228 (75,7%) between autumn and winter seasons; the ecological groups of the algoflora, plankton, plankton-bentos and bentos groups, inhering of the algoflora species according to their adaptivity to the water salinity and temperature, and the number of the indicator saprobe species were defined; for the first time, digital data base on the modem content of the species of the Andijan water reservoir was developed and practically implemented.

The aim of the research work is to determine the formal (syntactic positions and connections) signs of the non-finite forms of the verb in the structure of the sentence and their meaningful signs (syntactic- semantic syntaxemes) and combination of the syntaxemes.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
worked out the non-finite forms of the verb from the standpoint of the new directions of syntactic semantics in micro context of the English language, using an complex and systematic approaches;
identified distributive capabilities of the non-finite forms of the verb and their syntactic connections in the structure of English sentences;
specified methods for determining the syntactic connections and identifying differential syntactic-semantic signs (syntaxemes) in syntagmatic and paradigmatic plan and regular in connection with this kind of syntaxemes their morphological expression on the basis of specific models;
argued the laws of combinations of syntaxemes and their variants with other components in the sentence;
proved the necessity of using the componcntial and junctional models for visual reflection of the components of the sentence and their semantics in the structure of the sentences.

The aim of research work is to optimize the dynamic components of rockdestroying drilling tools on a deterministic basis.
The object of the research work is a borehole in the open cast mining.
Scientific novelty' of the research work is as follows:
developed methodology for solving optimization problems in technical and technological aspects, based on the study of the laws of theoretical mechanics;
defined criteria for assessing the performance of drilling tools in the process of destruction of rocks depending on the geometrical parameters rock destroying drilling tools, which are designed on the basis of a dynamic model of the behavior of a drill bit at the borehole bottom surface;
set energy-intensive installation mode of dynamic system at each time point in the coordinate system on hyperbolic hyperboloid curves and surfaces in the space, below which there is an area with a minimum expenditure of energy, leading to the stuffing box process;
found that an increase in the number of blades of drill bits radii of inscribed and circumscribed circles tend to specify the design and coverage area is reduced on surfaces of downhole, which resulted in the ways of contact arms drill bits, working in pairs rotation mode by reducing its axle eccentricity;
developed a set of drill bits of research based on dynamic structure of cones, sealing of cones and the flushing liquid on the basis of the laws of dynamic systems energy costs by motion resistance forces.
Implementation of the research results. On the basis of optimizing the dynamics of rock-destroying tools in the drilling of blast holes in open pit mining:
On the new design of the drilling bit, a patent was obtained for the invention of the Agency for Intellectual Property of the Republic of Uzbekistan (IAP №05118 of October 22, 2015). The introduction of the results of scientific research has made it possible to increase the economic efficiency of drilling equipment;
the developed designs of drill bits are introduced at the Tashkura mine of the Central Mining Administration of the Navoi Mining and Metallurgical Combine (reference from the Navoi Mining and Metallurgical Combine №01.01-07/12405 of November 22, 2016). The introduction of scientific results allowed to ensure the import substitution of drill roller bits and increase the productivity and economic efficiency of drilling equipment.
The structure and volume of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, four chapters, conclusion and bibliography. The volume of the thesis is 208 pages.

The aim of research is improving the psychological mechanisms of the motive of affiliation as a factor of formation of spiritual and moral character of students.
The object of the research were the students of 1-4 courses of the bachelor direction of higher education institutions. A total of 285 respondents participated in the research.
The scientific novelty of the research consists of the following:
the components, functions and socio-psychological characteristics of the motive of affiliation were defined as a factor of formation of spiritual and moral character of students;
the diagnostic apparatus of empirical studies of the relationship of the affiliative motive was improved in students with social behaviour and spirituality;
scientifically substantiated recommendations for the use of socio-psychological questionnaire in practice and complex methodologies for the study of the motivation of affiliation and spiritual and moral character were worked out;
it was proved that the affiliative motive is an internal coordinating mechanism of the factor of the formation of spiritual and moral character and social behaviour of students;
a program of socio-psychological trainings on the formation of spiritual and moral character was worked out on the basis of the motive of affiliation, that is, a set of corporate trainings and scenarios.
Implementation of the research results. These obtained scientific results were implemented:
the components, functions and socio-psychological characteristics of the motive of affiliation as a factor of formation of spiritual character of students were introduced into the content of the State Educational Standards (Uz SES 36.1998: 2015) in the sphere of the system of higher pedagogical education. As a result, training and methodological maintenance of teaching psychological and pedagogical subjects in bachelor direction of education were improved on the basis of advanced international practices;
the proposals on the formation of the spiritual character by developing the motive of affiliation among students were introduced into Section 2 of the Action Plan of the National Television and Radio Company of Uzbekistan, which was approved by the Chairman of the National Television and Radio Company of Uzbekistan on 24 December 2015, and were included in the content of television programs, were used in the preparation and efficient organization of the system of thematic television programs of the National Television and Radio Company of Uzbekistan (Decision No.05-12/2733 of the National Television and Radio Company of Uzbekistan of 15 September 2016), which was indicated in the minutes No.65 of the Board of Trustees of “Kamolot” Youths’ Social Movement on 10 December 2015 and in the “State youth policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan”;
the proposals on the improvement of the quality and efficiency of the system of professional development of the employees of public education were used in the development of the State requirements for the content and quality of professional development and retraining of the administrative and pedagogical personnel of public education establishments (registered in the State Agency O'zStandard on 5 March 2013 under No.O’zDSt 2767:2013 3523). These State requirements served to create improved curricula, textbooks and teaching aids (certificate No. 65-569 from the Ministry of Public Education of 26 January 2016);
the scientific and methodological recommendations on the issues of development of the spiritual character of youths, which are intended for educational establishments and the institutes of civil society, were introduced and used in training consultants who work with the Public Charity Fund “Mahalla” (decision No.48 of the Public Charity Fund “Mahalla” of 5 October 2016). As a result, these recommendations served to improve the youth policy at self-government bodies, as well as serve to increase the effectiveness of the activity of civil society institutes.
The structure and volume of the dissertation. The dissertation is presented on 144 pages consisting of an introduction, three chapters, a conclusion, a list of used literature and appendices.

The aim of research work is elaboration of electrochemical sensors and their application at analysis of cadmium, indium and antimony.
The object of the research work. Various metals, alloys, solders, lubricants, ores, minerals, waters of different nature and standard samples.
Scientific novelty' of the research w ork is as follows:
for the first time the optimal compositions and ratio of components of buffer mixtures and phone electrolytes have been determined;
influens of potential, time of depolyarizator accumulation on electrodes, temperature of investigated solution and diapason of current on the value of useful analytical signal was investigated;
influence of strange accompaning cations, complex-forming compounds and advisable anions on the results of selective inversion voltamperometrical determination of investigated metals in real natural objects and industrial materials has been investigated;
investigation of Hg(II) on the analytical signal of determined metals was shown and also their hybrid extraction inversion voltamperometrical determination was carried out;
Implementation of the research results.
Elaborated inversion voltamperometrical determination of investigation metals were recommended for testing and following introduction of analysis;
inversion voltamerometrical methods of determination of microquantities of ions of Cd, In and Sb were introduced in practices of chemical-analytical laboratories «Dehkanabad potash plant» (certificate from 11 September 2017 year №782/09-3) «Dehkanabad potash plant». Positive results by determination of heavy metals with using of electrochemical sensors modified by some organical reagents were obtained;
On introduction of inversion voltamperometry at determination ions of In, Cd and Sb there are certificate from center of controle of sanitarial-epidemiological service of Republic of Uzbekistan (from 15 September 2017 year №16-8/6790).
The structure and volume of the thesis. The thesis consisted from introduction, five chapters, conclusion, list of used literature and, supplement. Volume of dissertation is 120 pages.

The aim of research work is investigation of processes of formation by the Solgel technology of sensor elements based on thin films of composition SiO2/TiO2, and also elaboration of selective semiconductor gas sensors for determination of NH3 concentrations with using of nanomaterials obtained by Sol-gel process.
The object of the research work. Oxides of metals (Ti, Zn, Fe etc.), the exhaust gases of the enterprises producing mineral fertilizers, ammonia and standard gas mixtures were objects of this investigation.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
the scientifically novelty of investigation is conceding in following for the first time by using sol-gel technology on the basis of TiO2 and Fe2O3 synthesis of selective GSM for determination of NH3 in mixtures of gases was carried out.
it is shown that modification by oxides of Fe gas-sensitive nanocomposites on the baze of SiO2-TiO2 has leaded to decreasing of temperature sensitivity and increasing of selectivity PPP by NH3.
with the application of selected catalysts and optimal parameters the high sensitivity of determination of NH3 in the presence of H2, CO and CH4 has been ensured.
selectivity of semiconductor determination of NH3 based on the use of gassensitive materials containing catalysts possessed by inadequate activity to the components of the gas mixture has been provided;
the influence of various factors on the metrological, operational and other parameters of PPS-NH3 on the base of 5% Fe2O3-95% TiO2 was determined.
Implementation of the research results.
The results of scientific research works by elaboration of highly effective sensors on ammonia were used in University of Vienna Institut fur Physikalische Chemie in the research project "Composite materials for chemical sensing" (certificate of the University of Vienna from 21 December 2016). The results of investigation were at elaborated used of chemical sensors; study the dynamic, al calibration characteristics of the sensors on NH3, and development of chemical and physico-chemical methods of determination of toxic gases.
PPS obtained in the result of elaboration of selective gas sensitive material have been used in a research grant, F-7-06 "Investigation of the theoretical bases of using of nitrogen - and phosphorus-containing compounds as inhibitors of burning of inflammable materials" (SSU 2012-2.16). With using of the elaborated sensors the influence of nitrogen - and phosphorus-containing antiperences on the kinetics and the mechanism of slowing the combustion process and also density of the textile materials on the rate of flame distribution (certificate FTK-0313/703 of Committee by coordination of development of science and technology dated 14 February 2017).
The structure and volume of the thesis.
The thesis consists from introduction, five chapters, conclusion, bibliography and applications. The volume of the dissertation is 120 pages.

The aim of the research is development Lai-Massey network, encryption algorithms based on this network and generation resistance S-boxes.
The objectives of the research are the Lai-Massey networks, Nyberg construction.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
created Lai-Massey networks form IDEAX-Y, RFWKIDEAX-Y using the structure of encryption algorithm IDEA and Lai-Massey scheme;
created Lai-Massey networks form PESX-Y. RFWKPESX-Y using the structure of encryption algorithm PES and Lai-Massey scheme;
developed encryption algorithms form AES-IDEAX-Y, AES-RFWKIDEAX-Y, AES-PESX-Y, AES-RFWKPESX-Y as a result of applying the round function of the encryption algorithm AES as the round functions of Lai-Massey networks:
developed encryption algorithms form GO ST28147-89-1DE AX-Y, GOST28147-89-RFWKIDEAX-Y, GOST28I47-89-PESX-Y, GOST28147-89-RFWKPESX-Y as a result of applying the round function of encryption algorithms GOST 28147-89 as round functions of Lai-Massey networks;
on the basis of Nyberg construction developed resistance S-box size of 8x8, 4x4.
Implementation of the research results. On the base of Lai-Massey network, based on a single algorithm:
encryption algorithm AES-IDEA32-4 created using round transformations of encryption algorithm AES, implemented in the software «Himfayl» in SUE «UNICON.UZ» (certificate of the Ministry of Information Technologies and Communications of May 29, 2017 No. 33-8 / 3256). Availability capabilities choice key length and number of rounds in the encryption algorithm AES-IDEA32-4. and application of encryption algorithms in file protection arbitrary format led to an increase in encryption speed by 17%.
encryption algorithm GOST28147-89-IDEA16-2 created using round transformations of encryption algorithm AES, implemented in the software «Himfayl» in SUE «UNICON.UZ» (certificate of the Ministry of Information Technologies and Communications of May 29, 2017 No. 33-8 / 3256). Availability capabilities choice key length and number of rounds in the encryption algorithm GOST28147-89-IDEA16-2, and application of encryption algorithms in file protection arbitrary format led to an increase in encryption speed by 21%.
The results of the dissertation encryption algorithms AES-PESI6-1, AES-RFWKPES16-1, AES-RFWKPES32-I, AES-RFWKIDEA32-1 arc used in foreign scientific works (International Journal of Network Security, vol. 19, No.6, pp.899-903, Nov. 2017; Internationa) Journal of Network Security, vol. 19, No.6, pp.984-994, Nov. 2017; Internationa) Journal of Network Security, vol. 19, No.3, pp.413-420, May 2017; Displays, vol.49, pp.l 16-123, Sep. 2017). The application of scientific results allows for the construction of further characterization of H-vectorial functions, hiding information in binary images, when protecting large images, cryptographically model for efficient multiple keyword-based search over encrypted data by secure index.
Publication of the results. On the topic of the dissertation published only 50 scientific papers, in t.ch. 21 articles (13 in the republican and 8 in foreign journals) published in scientific publications, recommended by the Higher Attestation Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the main scientific results of doctoral dissertations. 6 certificates on registration of software for computers have been received.
The outline of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, five chapters, conclusion, a list of used literature and applications. The volume of the thesis is 198 pages.

The aim of research work is purposeful synthesis of the modified polysaccharides containing substitutes of the anion nature (sulfate, phosphate and carboxyl), complementarity interacting with specific receptors of pathogens, and definition of their biological function for the purpose of the creation of therapeutic systems with directed antibacterial and antiviral actions.
The objects of the research work arc the celluloses isolated from cotton lint, pectin from apple and citrus, galactomannans obtained from Glcditsia triacanthos and Styphnolobium japonicum seeds, mono- (C-2; C-3 and C-6), di-(C-2,3 and C-2,6), tri-(C-2,3,6) substituted sulfate and phosphate derivatives of the polysaccharides, gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, cell line of mouse embryonic fibroblasts SC-1 and NIH 3T3, Huh7.5.1 cells.
Scientific novelty of the research w ork is as follows:
it have been developed methods to obtain sulphate derivatives of polysaccharides with a molecular mass (MM) of 10.5-120.4 kD and a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.30-2.92, phosphate derivatives with MM of 6.2-72 kDa and DS 0.15 -2.45, with a uniformly distribution of the substituted groups along the macromolecular chain, as well as, it is validated a potential possiblity of the development of antibacterial and antiviral drugs based on them;
the influence of the molecular weight of the macromolecule of anion-derived polysaccharides, content of sulfate, phosphate, carboxyl groups along the macromolecule, conformation of the macromolecule, an arrangement of substituted groups in the anhydro-hexose unit on bactericidal and virucidal activity is established;
It was established that the sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria depends on the nature and molecular parameters of the modified polysaccharides, with an An increases in DS and Mw of the samples increase antibacterial activity to a certain value, but the spontaneous, sharp increases in the activity arc observed at DS from 1,9 to 2,1 and, sulfate beta-hexosans (cellulose, galactomannan) have a more effective antimicrobial effect in comparison with sulfated a-hexosans (amylose, polygalacturonic acid, dextran);
it has been established that the anionic derivatives of polysaccharides arc potential objects for the development of drugs against leukemia, hepatitis C and HIV and it has been proven that the antiviral activity against leukemia virus is in the range of 0.02-0.45 μg
Implementation of the research results:On the basis of the study on biosclcctive macromolecular systems on basis of sulfated polysaccharides having antibacterial and antiviral activities bottom:
it is resived patent for the invention of the Agency for Intellectual Property of the Republic of Uzbekistan "Tobacco Mosaic Virus Inhibitor on Plant Leafs" (12.10.2010, No. IAP 04603). The results of scientific research gave a possiblity to develop the preparation, which will be used against pathogens in crops and in medicine; 
the developed conditions for systematic modification of polysaccharides in the automatic continuous control of polymerization reactions (ACOMP) allowed, for the first time, successfully implement the ACOMP system for continuous monitoring of the natural products modification reactions, and to develop and implement a new device for simultaneous measurement of bulk viscosity, molecular weight and ion concentration parameters (electrical conductivity and pH values) of the system on the recirculation ACOMP configuration (reference from Tulane University, USA, on November 3, 2016). This is a significant global achievement, since monitoring the polysaccharide modification reaction is the first step in controlling the process of modifying natural products - biopolymers;
the developed modification methods have been used in the preparation of selectively substituted sulfate derivatives of polysaccharides. It gave the possiblity to develop polymer antibacterial compositions against multidrug-resistant bactcrias as St. aureus, St. epidermides, E. coli (LN) и Klebsiella (reference from Kumamoto University of Japan on November 15, 2016);
based on the results on the supramolccular structure and anticoagulant activity of sulfate derivatives of polysaccharides, more than 80 foreign journals with high impact factor (JIF) were used for the physicochemical and pharmacological analysis of the samples. (Acta biomatcrialia, 2010, V.6, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 6,32; Biorcsourcc Technology, 2009, V.4, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 5,65; Biomacromolecules, 2011, V.6, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 5,25; Carbohydrate polymers, 2012, V.2, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 4,81; Food Hydrocolloids, 2014, V.35, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 4,75; Langmuir, 2013, V.12, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 3,83; Polymer, 2011, V.l, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 3,68; Phytomedicine, 2011, V.6, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 3,53; Cellulose, 2010, V.2, №2, Journal Impact Factor, IF 3,42). Application of scientific results made it possible to characterize the molecular and pharmacological properties of polysaccharide esters.
The structure and volume of the thesis. Containing 191 pages of text, the dissertation has introduction, five chapters, conclusions, list of references and appendices.

The aim of the research work consists in the expansion of permanent impact of heroes and heroic on making up the personality.
The objects of the research work arc the heroes and heroic, their permanent influence on consciousness and behavior of person.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
ethic-philosophical meaning of the words "hero” and "heroic” was opened widely on the real examples of national heroes, and also a conclusion was drawn that hero is a moral ideal;
motivational efficiency of hero concepts, moral-constructive character and humanistic nature of hero were opened widely;
moral-creative character of heroic was determined, immanent pedagogic-psychological determinants of devotion to Uzbek heroic traditions were worked out;
social-spiritual, moral and managerial mechanisms in altruism, philanthropy and humanism forming at the young of today on the real examples of national heroes were worked out.
Implementation of the research results. Ethico-philosophica) suggestions worked out on the specific features of understanding and realising the phenomenon of heroism in Uzbekistan arc used as the following:
the suggestions and recommendations about the fact that heroism is ethical ideal and in serves as an etalon for the social behaviour of young people, were used to held the final stage of the competition in regions and Karakalpakistan republic under the name “Mahalla in my fate” organized by “Mahalla” charity community foundation of Uzbekistan. (“Mahalla” charity community foundation of Uzbekistan, report №02-03/791 on the 11th of October, 2016);
the implementation of the suggestions and recommendation in practice served to held the competition in high standards and to form the national pride of our people, including the youth, to strengthen their trust in the future. The suggestions, recommendations, and recommendation on cthico-ercativ characteristics of heroism, traditions of Uzbek nation’s heroism, identifying pedagogical determinants, were used in the project named “Heroes of independence” hold by Central Council of Uzbekistan people’s Democratic Party, the sector for the issues of enhancing the youth socio-political activities. (Uzbekistan people’s Democratic Party’s report №3-1018, on 17h October. 2016);
these suggestion and recommendations were the base of objective evaluation of the activity of the political leader-hero, reformer-hero who is acting in the institutions of public community. The suggestions and recommendations, in terms of the motivational productivity of hero concepts organizing socio-cthical, moral mechanisms of forming the youth patriotism and the feeling of loyalty to the duties, humanism, were used to held the events organized be the democratic party of Uzbekistan “Milliy tiklanish” and under the names “The defenders of the country' arc the pride of the nation”, “Uzbekistan in the years of independence” and “who we used to and who we have , become” (Milliy tiklanish democratic party of  Uzbekistan, report №01-433 on 5th July, 2016). These suggestion and recommendation served to create the effective system of upbringing the youth of Uzbekistan in the spirit of patriotism.
The structure and volume of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, three chapters, conclusion and bibliography. The volume of the thesis is 135 pages.

Topicality and necessity of the thesis. Upon production of the modified structure with improved parameters, a good choice of technologies and methods of processing of semiconductors and structures based on them is important. For example, the use of pulse laser treatment of crystals and semiconductor structures can control the mechanisms and laws of diffusion. Moreover, nanosecond laser irradiation of binary and ternary solid solutions of semiconductor crystals makes it possible to receive an acoustic response and shock wave, to define the temperature, pressure and impurities distribution, providing new photovoltaic properties of semiconductor surfaces. The use of gallium nitride allows learning the correlation of acoustic emission and changes of luminescent and electrical characteristics in the LED structures when passing current. Research work carried out in the above directions indicate the relevance of the topic of the dissertation.
Relevant research priority' areas of science and developing technologies of the Republic. This thesis performed in accordance with the priority areas of science and technology of the Republic of Uzbekistan. See section III «Energetics, energy and resource economy, transport, mechanical engineering and instrumentation; the development of modem electronics, microelectronics, photonics, electronic instrument engineering.”
A review of international research on the topic of the thesis1. Research of laser irradiation to improve technology and optimize the parameters of X-ray and gamma-ray detectors conducted in leading scientific centers, including National Center for Biotechnology Information (USA) and Shizuoka University (Japan), Tashkent State Technical University, and Samarkand State University.
Problem development status. The decisions of a problem of controllable transformation of structure require (demand) superficial layers Cd (Me) Те and Ga (As, Se, N) with the help eiioeunii of laser processing for effective management of their photo-electric, electrical, luminescent and optical properties.
Relevance of the dissertation research to the plans of scientific-research works. The dissertation research is carried out within the framework of the plan of scientific research for the project P-18.52 "Exploring the technology of obtaining silicon wafers for intended solar cells", Nukus State Pedagogical Institute, and on the basis of collaboration between the V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics NAS of Ukraine on the theme № 2.1.1/17 "Development and creation the acoustic-emission rapid method for monitoring and predicting the reliability of semiconductor materials and structures" for 2008-2017 years and Karakalpak State University.
The aim of research work is process optimization of nanosecond laser processing of semiconductor crystals of Cd (Me) Те and Ga (As, Se, N) and the study defect formation, diffusion, shock-wave process, acoustic emission and nonlinear optical effects there.
The subject of research - the compound semiconductors cd(Me)Te, Ga(As, Se,N) under pulse laser treatment.
The object of study - the processes of defect formation, mass transfer, the shock wave, the acoustic emission under nanosecond laser irradiation of Cd (Me) Те, Ga (As, Se, N).
Methods of the research: Raman scattering, photoconductivity, photoluminescence, electroluminescence, optical transmission, the two-photon absorption, induced absorption and bleaching, Auger analysis, stratified and selective etching, methods for studying the surface morphology, the currentvoltage, voltage-farad characteristics, acoustic emission method, theoretical calculations.
Scientific novelty' of the research work
it is shown that the treatment of high-resistance crystals of CdTe, CdZnTe by nano-second pulses of a ruby laser makes it possible to improve the state of the surface;
The conditions for increasing the sensitivity and reducing the rate of surface recombination, as well as changes in the spectral range of photoluminescence and photoconductivity, are found;
an acoustoemission method for determining the melting thresholds of semiconductor crystals, in particular, CdTe and GaAs, is developed from the change in the amplitude and energy of acoustic radiation during;
a method for fabricating a Te-CdTe structure with the electronic memory switching feature by nanosecond laser irradiation of CdTe is proposed;
it is established that on the basis of acoustic emission mechanisms it is possible to determine the melting threshold of single crystals of semiconductors under pulsed laser irradiation of CdTe and GaAs;
regularities and methods of optimization by pulsed laser surface treatment of semiconductors for use in the technology of laser processing of CdTe, TP based on it, GaAs, GaSe.
Practical results ot research work
It has been shown that treatment of high impedance crystal CdTe, cdxZn,^Te with x=o,i и x=0,04 under nanosecond ruby laser pulses can improve the condition of the surface: to increase the sensitivity and to reduce the surface recombination velocity, as well as change the spectral range of photoluminescence and photoconductivity.
It was proposed a method for the manufacture of Te-CdTe structure with electronic switching property with memory by nanosecond laser irradiation of CdTe.
.Discovered patterns and the optimization of method PLI for semiconductorsurface can be used in laser processing technology of CdTe, solid solution based on it, as well as GaAs, GaSe.
Authenticity of the obtained results is is confirmed by the use of modem scientific and technological methods, standard and proven monitoring techniques. 
The results and conclusions are justified on physical performances based on theoretical and experimental data. The reliability of the experimental data provided by the use of comprehensive independent data measurement and processing techniques, as well as their compliance with modern concepts of physics and technology of semiconductors and products based on them.
Scientific and practical value of the research results.
The scientific value of the research lies in the fact that the study of the mechanisms of mass transfer, diffusion, melting, ablation, defect formation, shockwave processes under the powerful pulsed irradiation of semiconductors and such structures as the film of metal-semiconductor is important for the correct description of ultrafast simultaneously occurring physical nonlinear processes under the powerful nanosecond laser irradiation of crystals.
The practical value of the work lies in the fact that in semiconductors CdMeTe the ascertained dominant mechanisms of the mass transfer, calculations of heat and pressure gradients during PLI allow a targeted modification of properties and get new layers and structures with unique optical, photovoltaic properties that will be used in a variety of sensors and detector devices .
Implementation of the research results.
Based on the results of studying the effect of pulsed laser processing of crystals and nonlinear optical effects on diffusion and defect formation processes:
the developed acousto-emission express methods of monitoring and predicting the reliability of semiconductor materials were used in the selection of InGaN LEDs for the serial production of energy-efficient LED luminaires (Reference of Poltava National Technical University, August 15, 2016). Application of the obtained results allowed to increase the light output coefficient of luminaires by 3%;
the results obtained for mass transfer mechanisms for nanosecond laser solid-state doping with CdTe by Indium; the mass transfer coefficients of Indium in CdTe; the causes of local melting of compounds of CdTe and GaAs single crystals; established thresholds for the melting of the surface of single crystals with a single nanosecond (20 ns) irradiation with X = 0.694 pm; the established relationship between the processes of acoustic emission generation and changes in luminescent and electrical characteristics of GaN-based heterostructures were used in the implementation of the grant by Karakalpak State University of Berdakh F-2-OT-1-10079 "Peculiarities of laser-induced nonlinear processes of defect formation in semiconductors" 2011-2016 (Reference of the Committee for the Coordination of the Development of Science and Technology of the Republic of Uzbekistan of February 21, 2017). The use of scientific results allowed to develop a nondestructive express method of monitoring and predicting the reliability of LEDs.
The results obtained by the mechanisms of the mass transfer of Indium atoms to cadmium telluride and the Raman scattering for Indium and Tellurium materials have been used in foreign journals (Journal of Applied Physics 119, 024106 (2016) 10.1063 / 1.4937996; Chem. Mater., 2014, 26 (7 ), pp 2313-2317, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, Volume 191, February 2014, Pages 673-680) to determine the depth of shock wave formation.
Approbation of the research results. Results of the research work have been discussed at international 17 and republican 5 scientific and practical conferences.
Publication of the results. The main results of the dissertation are published in 17 research papers, 3 papers are in English language, 1 book (monograph), and 9 conference Proceedings.
Publication of the research results. 40 scientific works were published on the thesis theme, including 17 articles in journals recommended by the Higher Attestation Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the publication of basic scientific results of doctoral theses. There is 1 utility model patent.
The structure and scope of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, five chapters, conclusion and bibliography. Totally there are 208 pages.

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. Echinococcosis of the liver is a serious common parasitic disease and continues to be a serious medical problem in many countries of the world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), every year about one million people operated annually for echinococcosis disease, up to 25% of which arc children and 6,5% in cases after the operation there arc relapses, requiring a long recovery period. Postoperative complications reach 6 - 80%, mortality 3,1-8,6%, recurrent and residual echinococcosis observed in 3 - 54%’. According to the latest estimates, cystic echinococcosis annually leads to a loss of at least one million, and possibly up to three million DALY (one DALY adjusted-disability life year, that is, one lost year is «healthy» life)2.
The aim of the research work is to improve of the results of treatment of children with echinococcosis of the liver and other organs of the abdominal cavity by expanding indications for endosurgieal methods of operations.
The object of the research work: included 208 children with liver echinococcosis and combined liver lesions with abdominal organs, liver and lungs.
The scientific novelty of the research work is the following:
to improved the diagnostic and treatment algorithm for managing of patients with echinococcosis of the liver, as well as combined lesions of the liver with other abdominal organs, liver and lungs, as well as in the case of complication of the cyst of echinococcus with suppuration, perforation;
in the first time have been identified and developed new methods that make it possible to perform laparoscopic echinococccctomy from VII-VIII segments of liver in children;
to proved and proposed a new tactic of cndovisual echinococccctomy with combined lesions of liver with other abdominal organs, liver and lungs in children;
to justified that diagnostic laparoscopy allows anatomical features of the prevalence of the process and to plan tactics of operational echinococccctomy, as well as to choose rational points for the introduction of additional ports;
to proved that the application of laparoscopic echinococccctomy from liver by the developed us algorithm for the treatment of echinococcosis in children allows to extend the indications to cndovisual echinococcectomy to 87.5% in cases, thereby reducing the incidence of undesirable postoperative complications and most importantly, because of minimizing the operating injury, improve the quality of life of the child.
The practical results of the w ork is the following:
to improve of the diagnostic algorithm of the tactics of managing patients with echinococcosis of the liver, as well as associated liver damage with other abdominal ergans, lungs, cyst of echinococcus complicated by suppuration, perforation by using ultrasound investigation, MSCT, MRI, DL;
in the first time new tactics of laparoscopic echinococccctomy in children for the localization of cyst of echinococcosis in the VII-VIII segments of the liver;
to determined the anatomical features which, at the diagnostic laparoscopy stage, allow to determine the exact stage of the disease, the prevalence of the process, to select the optimal points for the introduction of working trocars and to plan the intraoperative echinococcectomy tactics;
in the first time arc systematized the criteria for extending the indications to the laparoscopic echinococcectomy from liver in children;
to carried out a comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of traditional and cndovisual echinococccctomy of the liver and its combined lesions with other abdominal organs and lungs in children;
to developed practical recommendations and suggestions on optimization of diagnostics, treatment tactics and rehabilitation of children with echinococcus of the liver, as well as combined liver echinococcosis with other abdominal organs and lungs in children.
Implementation of the research results. Based on the results of research on improving treatment and diagnostic tactics for echinococcosis of the liver and other organs of the abdominal cavity, lungs in children:
to developed and approved methodological recommendations "Modem methods of diagnostics and treatment of liver echinococcosis in children" and "Modern methods of diagnostics and treatment of lung echinococcosis in children" for pediatric surgeons, pediatricians, clinical ordinators, masters, polyclinics, who arc introduced in to practical health care (conclusion of Health care ministry of the Republic of Uzbekistan 8d-3/71 from August 24, 2016). In the presented methodical recommendations, the possibilities of modem diagnostics and endovisual surgical methods for the treatment of liver and lung echinococcosis in children;
to developed and approved the teaching and methodological manual ATLAS "Minimally invasive endovisual surgery in children", "Echinococcosis disease of the abdominal cavity organs", "Echinococcosis of the lungs in children" (approved by the "Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan" order No 484, registration No 484/094 from December 20, 2013).
The results of the studies to improving the treatment and diagnostic tactics of the echinococcosis of abdominal organs in children have been introduced into practical public health, in particular, in the clinical practice of surgeons of the Samarkand city medical association and the central hospital, children's surgical department of the Namangan branch of the Republican Scientific Center for Emergency Medical Care (Conclusion No. 8d- 3/71 from August 24, 2016 of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan), which reduced the number of postoperation complications from 19.6 to 9.4%, shorten hospital treatment an average of 5.6 bed/day and allowed to expand of indication to laparoscopic echinococcectomy to 87.5% at echinococcosis of the liver and abdominal organs.
The outline of the thesis. The presented study is based on the analysis of the clinical observations that covering 208 patients and improved treatment and diagnostic tactics with liver echinococcosis, as well as combined lesions of the liver in the abdominal cavity and lungs in children. Traditional «open» echinococccctomy from liver in children is a relatively traumatic surgical intervention, postoperative complications arc observed in 19,2% and recurrence of the disease in 9,8% in cases. The proposed new method of laparoscopic echinococcectomy with cchinococ-cal cysts from VII-VIII segments of liver in children allowed to systematized the spatial intraoperative orientation for the optimal choice of the points of introduction of the main endosurgieal instruments and materials, which makes it is possible to successfully perform the laparoscopic echinococccctomy from liver. To proposed original device of its own design allows more efficient vacuum extraction of the chitinous shell of the echinococcal cysts - especially its use in large and giant echinococcal cysts. In general, a new method of laparoscopic echinococcectomy from the VII-VIII segments of the liver, as well as cndovisual echinococccctomy of large, giant and complicated with suppuration, perforation, allowed us to expand the indications to cndovisual echinococccctomy in children more than 2,5 times. The results of studies allowed us to consider that the echinococcal cysts from VII-VIII segments of the liver in children arc relative contraindication to laparoscopic echinococcectomy and in 73,2% in cases it is possible to successfully to perform it properly laparoscopic. As for relative contraindications to cndovisual echinococcectomy in children, we consider multiple and combined echinococcosis of the abdominal cavity, as well as echinococcal cysts complicated with suppuration, perforation, as well as large and giant cysts. The tactics to developed by us for the treatment of echinococcosis of the abdominal cavity, combined echinococcosis of the liver and lungs, made it possible to shorten the hospital treatment period by more than 1,5 times, the incidence of undesirable postoperative complications was more than 2 times, good cosmetic effect and improve the quality of life of children. To proposed treatment-diagnostic algorithm for echinococcosis of the liver, combined echinococcosis of the liver and other organs of the abdominal cavity, as well as liver and lungs in children, allowed to 87,5% in cases to successfully to perform cndovisual echinococccctomy.

The urgency and relevance of the theme of dissertation topic. The problems of diagnosis and treatment of urcterohydroncphrosis arc of special attention all over the world at present time. According to the data of the World Health Organization (WHO) «the malformations of development of the organs of urinary system arc on one of the leading places and accounts for more than 40% among the congenital diseases in the childhood period». 1 The vesicoureteral reflux was observed in 1% from all children population and in 30-50% of children with infections of urinary tract (UTI). The frequency of the bilateral and unilateral reflux is approximately equal 51% and 49%, respectively.2 Today the congenital urctcrohy-dronephrosis in children is considered as one of the serious problems requiring the solution in the practice of the children’s surgery.
The aim of the research is improving the effectiveness of surgical treatment methods for urcterohydroncphrosis in children by improving the process of diagnosis and development of modified method of urctcrocystoncoanastomosis.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
The clinical course of urcterohydroncphrosis in children was specified in relation to anthropometric parameters and severity degree of disease;
the notions about pathogenesis of various forms of urcterohydroncphrosis and its complications in children were extended by determination of the specific features and findings of sonographic, dopplcrographic, computcd-tomographic, radioisotopic, uroflowmctric and morphologic semiotics of disease;
the high frequency of the pyelonephritis has been confirmed on the basis of urcterohydroncphrosis and there were defined peculiarities of the bacterial contamination of UTI with antibacterial sensitivity to uropathogens in this category of patients;
the morphologic changes in the various sites of the ureter on the basis of obstructive urcterohydroncphrosis and vesicoureteral reflux were studied in relation to growth and development of a child;
the method of formation of the ureterocystoneoanastomosis in children has been developed with improvement of the technic aspects for performance of the main stages of the reconstructive-rehabilitation surgery and showing of its efficacy with regard to traditional intervention;
the indications and contraindications for the organ preserving surgeries have been optimized in this severe surgical pathology.

Relevance and demand of the topic of dissertation: At the present time, an actual problem of cotton breeding in all cotton growing countries is developing of new cotton varieties with early maturity, high yield, high fiber output and fiber quality and tolerances to diseases and insects. Indeed, there are not enough researches toward investigation of effectivness of convergen hybridization in cotton breeding.
The aim of the research work is determination of effectiveness of different convergent crossing methods for obtaining genetically enriched breeding materials on the basis of a comparative study of inheritance, variability and formation process of agronomic valuable traits at cotton hybrids developed by these methods.
The subject of the study were convergent hybrids of high generations, developed by hybridization of 8 pair and 4 composite hybrids developed with the participation of cotton varieties Tashkent-6, S-6532, Akdarya-6, Yulduz, S-9070 and S-4911 of G.hirsutum on the principle of transgressive recombinations; convergent hybrids, progenies and cotton lines developed by the combined principle of transgressive recombinations and incomplete recurrent crossings of cotton varieties AN-Bayaut-2, Yulduz, Kirgiz-3, Akdarya-6, S-4911, S-2609, Omad, S-9070, AN-415 and S-6524.
Scientific novelties of the researches are:
For the first time in the breeding of medium staple cotton it was carried out comparative analysis of hybrids developed on the basis of convergent hybridization, combined principle of transgressive recombinations and incomplete recurrent crosses involving varieties with different genotypes;
it was scientifically proved lows of inheritance, variability and formation of agronomic valuable traits at hybrids of high generations, developed on the basis of composite and convergent hybridization;
it was proved that using of both methods of convergent hybridization allows to have the wide variability of most of traits among the early generations than pair, composite and double hybridization;
it has been established efficiency of selection of recombinant plants with high positive agronomic characteristics among the convergent hybrids;
it has been proved the effectiveness of the convergent hybridization by principle of combined transgressive recombinations and incomplete crosses for developing of a new initial materials with enriched genotypes and improved early maturity, tolerances to wilt and fiber quality of recurrent cotton varieties;
it was substantiated importance of using of the principle of transgressive recombinations of convergent hybridization for improving of productivity of one plant, the weight of 1000 seeds and fiber output.
it was developed new cotton variety SP-7302 with a high complex of agronomic valuable traits on the base of composite hybridization.
Implementation of research results. On the base of the scientific research results on cotton genetics and selection:
it was developed the new cotton variety SP-7302 which has as early maturity, high row cotton yield, high fiber output and maturity rates so tolerances to Verticillium wilt (Reference No.53/4-307 of the State Commission for Testing of Agricultural Crop Varieties from 2017 on July, 11). There are received additionally 3-5 center yield per hectare and the profitability level was increased up to 25-30 percent in the pre-breeding seed production farms;
on the base of methods of pair, composite and convergent hybridization there were developed new cotton line T-814-815/07 and progenies 0-102 (K-2), 0-105 (K-5), 0-779-786 (VK.-12) (Reference No.02/20-399 Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources of 2017 on July, 14). There are obtained high yielding on 4.5-5.0 c/ha and early maturity on 2-3 days in comparison to the standard variety S-6524.

The pusrose of research work is diesigning of offers and re commendations on improwing of hygiene requirements, which are required to institutions for children with disabilities.
The scientific novelty of the research.
Firstly, in our country It was designed the norms and rules of abilities for Health support and full-fledged education of Republican SBS pupils, cosial adaptation of children with disabilities, which are compliance with education condition and training in SBS to hygienic norms;
It was designed recomendations for improving of conditions in SBS, requiring first-priority correction with the considering of the profile of school and the health of children and improving of regulations, norm and hygience rules, which are presented to these schools.
Firsty, It was developed the hygienic requirements to relief-point textbooks and books for children and teens with disorders of vision and blind.
Firsty, It was designed the map points with indicationsof programm sanitary hygienic condition check of SBS;
It was developed scale evaluation of possible changes in health condition of children and teens taking into account date of complex assessment of condition of educations and traninng of children and teens in SBS;

The aim of the research is to improve the quality of wool, to clean up contaminated wool, to improve the resource-saving technology, to create a technical device for the primary processing of wool, to theoretically and experimentally substantiate its main parameters, the harvested wool in personal plots, many specialized cross-breeding and livestock farms located in different regions and climatic conditions of Uzbekistan.
Scientific novelty of the research is a follows:
The physico-chemical and mechanical properties of the wool, as well as the factors acting on them, are determined;
The device for the primary cleaning of the clogged coarse wool was designed, the constructive scheme of the table for classifying and sorting the wool: regularities of change of qualitative and power indicators of work of the device depending on operating modes and basic parameters of working bodies are established.

The aim of research work is the development and creation of technologies for processing man-made structures of mining and smelting industry by developing methods of extracting gold, silver, iron, and silicon dioxide, providing an increase in the production of non-ferrous, precious and nonferrous metals in the metallurgical industry.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
based on the study of the process of fluorination determined the degree of decomposition of silicate compounds, depending on the heating of the sample man-made structures at different temperatures, it is found that with increasing time of heating the sample to 120 minutes and at temperatures of 90, 115 and 135°C, the conversion of the silica increases during the fluorination;
found that with increasing time of heating the sample to 120 minutes at a temperature of 90°C grade silica formation increases to 58%, further heating to increase accompanied by an increase 115°C silicon dioxide conversion to 78%, heating the sample to 135°C increases the degree of transformation of silica to 98%;
by studying the formation of ammonium hexafluorosilicate it has been established that fluoridation of silica depends on the heating temperature, increasing from 30 to which the 160°C water evaporation occurs; further increase in temperature docs not affect the process of evaporation, by increasing the heating temperature from 130 to 200°C is an active release of ammonia, further increase in temperature passively affects the process of selection, studies have found that increasing the heating temperature from 150 to 320°C ammonium hexafluorosilicate passes into the gas phase, a further increase in temperature docs not affect the formation of ammonium fluorosilicatc, by reducing the temperature to 200°C hexafluorosilicate ammonium condensed into a powder phase;
based on a study of the process flow of time, to study the interaction of ammonium hexafluorosilicate with ammonium hydroxide, and its dependence on the time at different temperatures, during the study it was found that when subjected to 10% ammonium hydroxide, ammonium hexafluorosilicate solution for 90 seconds at temperatures of 20, 30, 40 and 500C, the latter dissolves, accordingly, a mass of 0,76, 0,80, 0,84 and 0,90, the solution also further increase contact time (90 s) at different temperatures, the solubility docs not change significantly;
the kinetic parameters of the sublimation of ammonium hexafluorosilicate according to the weight reduction of the sample man-made structures, it is found that with increasing heating temperature sample weight manmade structures equal 350°C, passes into the gas phase for 60 minutes, ammonium hexafluorosilicate (70%), increasing the temperature to 400°C for 30 minutes, it is also accompanied by the transition of ammonium hexafluorosilicate (90%) in the gas phase, by increasing the temperature to 450°C samples for 15 minutes a 100% ammonium hexafluorosilicate compound passes into the gaseous phase;
the optimal parameters of leaching silver from the tailings gold extraction fabric, depending on the concentration of sulphuric acid, which provides the maximum additional recovery of these metals, with increasing concentration of sulfuric acid with 5 to 15 ml/1 of a violent reaction occurs on the extraction of gold and silver, and an increase in their concentration is higher than 15 ml/1, no significant changes in the additional recovery process;
Optimal parameters for leaching silver from gold extraction fabric tails depending on nitric acid concentrations of from 5 ml/1 to 45 ml/1, investigations have shown that with increasing nitric acid concentration of 5 to 45 ml/1 of a violent reaction occurs on the extraction of gold and silver, further increasing the concentration of nitric acid (45 ml/1 more), no significant change in their extraction;
optimal parameters for leaching gold and silver from the mill tailings, depending on the concentration of nitric acid of 25 ml/1 with the addition of potassium nitrate as oxidant in a concentration of from 1 to 8 g/1 was found that increasing the concentration of the oxidizing agent;
potassium nitrate in concentrations of up to 1 g 3 g/1 is an active recovery of gold and silver, further increase in the concentration of potassium nitrate oxidizer (more than 3 g/1), no significant change in their removal.

The aim of the research work is to clarify scientifically the importance of contributions of the scientists of Mavcrannchr to Arabic grammar in the case of Zamakhshari’s “Mufassal”, Mutarrizi's “Misboh” and Dariri’s “Muqaddima”. Their works arc scientifically grounded on the effects of the contemporary approaches of Arabic scholars in their theoretical viewpoints and their contribution to Arabic grammar and the influence of Arabic linguistics on the current Arabic grammar.
Scientific novelty of the research work is following:
The scientifically-theoretical ideas put forward by scientists in the phonetic and grammatical systems of the Arabic language, as well as in the study of Zamakhshari “Mufassal”, Mutarrizi's “Misboh” and Dariri’s "Muqaddima" the current state of Arabic linguistics, the ways in which the terminology of the linguistics in Mavcrannahr has been enlightened, the ways in which they arc enriched;
the role of the linguists in the development of the Arabic language theory and their theoretical perspectives on the theory of the current language;
problems of the method of grammatical works have been eliminated, recommendations on translating grammatical rules have been elaborated and terminated.

The aim of research work is to development of a method for modernization of ADM-1 emergency-repair rail service car during capital maintenance with a view of improving dynamic characteristics and strengthening its reliability and durability.
Scientific novelty of the research are following:
method of equivalent transformation of the system of differential equations and algorithms for identification of vertical and horizontal oscillations of emergency-repair rail service car ADM (ADM-1);
mathematical model for study of longitudinally-bending oscillations of the main frame, spring suspension and running gear of emergency-repair rail service car by taking into account optimization of its dynamic characteristics;
analytical-numerical method of calculation of dynamic strength of main bearing frame of emergency-repair rail service car ADM (ADM-1) via scheme of beam type with elastic fixing of ends during harmonic load, during movement with periodic irregular road;
following criterias for optimization in choosing rational dynamic characteristics for special self-moving rolling stock by taking into account improvement of durability and reliability: minimum level of amplitudes, accelerations, maximum modular exponents, critical speeds, and minimum mean square error;
an effective design of a hydraulic vibration damper for vibration damping of a railway vehicle is prepared;

Диссертация мавзусининг долзарблиги ва зарурияти. Бугунги кунда жахонда тез ривожланаётган фотоника соҳасида истиқболли йўналишлардан бири органик бўёқларнинг эритмалардаги физик ва кимёвий хусусиятлари бўйича тадкикот ишлари хисобланади. Бу сохада органик бўёклар молекулаларининг эритмаларда, плёнкаларда ва полимер матрицадаги ўзаро таъсирини ўрганиш, бўёкларнинг фотофизик ва фотокимёвий хусусиятларини хамда уларнинг эритувчи ва биологик объектлар билан ўзаро таъсири табиатини ўрганишда спектроскопия ва люминесцент усулларни ривожлантириш истиқболли йўналишлардан бири ҳисобланади.

Topicality and relevance of the theme of the dissertation. According to the data of the World Health Organization (WHO), 1 billion people suffer from arterial hypertension (AH) in the world. AH causes 9.4 million deaths per year, accounting for 18% of total deaths worldwide. At present, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in the world is on average 30%. AH is the most common component of MS and, along with insulin resistance (IR), is an important link in the pathogenesis of this symptom complex. Currently, large-scale scientific researches arc being conducted to determine gene polymorphisms that code for the functioning of the rcnin-angiotcnsin-aldostcronc system (RAAS), the sympathoadrenal system (SAS), and lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms involved in the pathogenesis of AH and MS, which significantly expand the existing understanding of AH and organ damages, optimize the therapeutic tactics taking into account the peculiarities of the genotype. Pharmacogcnctic studies allow predicting the response to medications, the effectiveness and safety of therapy taking into account genetic features, which contributes to the development of personified medicine.
The aim of the research is to determine the clinical and metabolic features and molecular-genetic aspects of AH in the structure of MS and develop optimal regimens for pharmacotherapy.
The scientific novelty of the research consists of the following:
For the first time, the features of development of AH in the structure of MS in Uzbek men were determined on the basis of clinical, hemodynamic, metabolic and molecular-genetic researches;
A close relationship between the manifestation of left ventricular (LV) and vascular remodeling processes associated with the depth of disorder of the daily  profile and BP rhythm with the severity of insulin resistance (IR) and the characteristic type of dislipidcmia (DLP) was substantiated;
For the first time,the features of the prevalence of polymorphisms of ACE, AGT, AGTR1, AGTR2, CYP11B2, ADRB3, PPARy, IRS-1 genes in AH male patients with MS of Uzbek nationality were determined;
For the first time, molecular-genetic markers of AH development risk in the structure of MS were identified in Uzbek patients;
For the first time, molecular-genetic markers of development risk of pathological LV and vascular remodeling were shown in AH patients with MS of Uzbek nationality;
The effectiveness of combination therapy of amlodipine with moxonidinc or pcrindopril in AH patients with MS was substantiated;
For the first time, pharmacogcnctic features of the response to combination therapy of amlodipine with moxonidinc or pcrindopril in AH patients with MS were determined taking into account the polymorphisms of ACE, AGT, AGTR1, AGTR2, CYP11B2, ADRB3, PPARy, IRS-1 genes.

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. Parkinson's disease (PD) and secondary parkinsonism arc most important problems of neurology and today they arc among the four most common ncurodcgcncrative diseases in the elderly. This pathology affects an average of 120 to 180 people per 100 000 population all over the world. Among all forms of parkinsonism, PD and vascular parkinsonism (VP) arc the most common forms, and they make 75-80% and 2.1-7%, respectively. The social significance of the problem of parkinsonism is determined by an increase in its frequency and an increase in the morbidity, a progressive course, and insufficient effectiveness of therapy. As a consequence, a significant decrease in the quality of life and a high level of disability in patients arc recorded. There is a high variability in the frequency of occurrence of polymorphisms of candidate genes in the development of PD in representatives of different populations.
The aim of the research is to determine the clinical and differential diagnostic features of PD and VP in individuals of Uzbek nationality, as well as the role of genetic polymorphisms in the development of their various clinical variants.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
For the first time, we found that mutation Ala53Thr in the PARK.1 gene and mutation T240M in the PARK2 gene are not risk factors for the development of PD and VP in individuals of Uzbek nationality;
For the first time, we proved the high diagnostic significance of the heterozygous carriage of mutation G2019S in the LRRK2 gene in PD in individuals of Uzbek nationality and the high associative relationship of mutation G2019S in the LRRK.2 gene with a mixed form of the disease, with high efficacy of the dopaminergic therapy;
For the first time, we proved the high frequency of genotype 0/0 of the GSTM1 gene and genotype 0/0 of the GSTT1 gene, as well as their combinations, significantly earlier debut of the disease, predominance of the mixed form and rapid rate of disease progression in the group of patients with “zero” genotypes as compared to the patients with PD without mutations in these genes;
For the first time, the prognostic significance of the determination of mutation C282T of the Nat2 gene in individuals of Uzbek nationality with PD and its role in the development of the akinetic-rigid form of the disease and the rapid rate of progression were proved;
It was proved that unfavourable environmental factors arc risk factors for early debut, the development of rapid rates of progression and developed forms of PD;
Diagnostic significance of the complex clinical, neurological and molccular-gcnctic differential-diagnostic evaluation of PD and VP in individuals of Uzbek nationality was proved;
Clinical signs and interdependence of motoric and non-motoric fluctuations in the late stages of PD were determined.

Topicality and necessity of the thesis. Improvement in a technology of producing the solid nanofilms, reduction of defects in them and perfection of qualitative parameters of the nanofilms arc of great significance. In this respect, purposeful scientific studies, including scientific search in the following directions arc important problems: modernization of setups to produce thin films, theoretical simulation of practical results in chemical bonds, creation of a crystal lattice model in the presence of impurity atoms of oxygen and carbon formed under thermal treatment of molubdenum and tungsten, practical application of the dispersion spectra of electron energy loss under reflection from thin free films of copper and silver and transmission through them. The scientific search in the above indicated directions justifies topicality and relevance of the subject of the dissertation.
The goal of the research is to study the orientation effects occurring in the process of charged particle interaction with crystals of diverse nature, places of impurity atom localization and development of methods of surface diagnostics.
The scientific novelty of the research consists of the following:
• for the first time, the formation of additional Auger peaks near the lines L2.3VV has been found in the ion Auger spectra of well purified single crystals Mo, W, Si, Cu and Al, which can be explained by partial formation of their oxides;
• an octahedral position of the oxygen and carbon atoms located at the crystalline lattice internodes in the near-surface layers Mo(100) and W(100) has been established;
• a thin structure of the energy distribution caused by a simultaneous contribution of the ions experienced axial, plane channeling and chaotic transmission through single crystalline free films of Cu and Ag has been found within the energy range of ion beams Eo=5-4O keV;
• a dependence of ion energy loss under channeling through single-crystalline nano-films on polar and azimuthal angle has been defined; these losses arc 3-4 times less than in the case of polycrystal;
• a simple oscillation model of dielectric penetrability and an algorithm of EELS spectrum calculation have been proposed; it has been established that the energy losses to excite a bulk plasmon is more in reflection than that in transmission;
• for the first time, a technique of estimating an amorphization degree of the surface layers of thin free films of metals under ion bombardment has been proposed and realized.

The aim of the research is to develop proposals and recommendations on improvement of mutual relations of the President and the Cabinet of Ministers in the system of state authority of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
the proposal on expediency of hearing the program of actions of the Cabinet of Ministers for the immediate and long-term perspective submitted by the nominee to the post of the Prime Minister during consideration and approval of his candidacy at the joint sitting of the Legislative Chamber and the Senate of the Oliy Majlis is substantiated;
the proposal on the need to determine in the legislation an order and a term of tendering resignation by the Cabinet of Ministers to the newly elected Oliy Majlis is justified;
the proposal on expediency of adopting relevant resolutions by the chambers of the Oliy Majlis at their sittings on tendering resignation by the Cabinet of Ministers is substantiated;
the proposal on the necessity of proposing a nominee of the Prime Minister to the head of the state by a political party securing the highest number of seats or several political parties securing the equal highest number of seats in the parliamentary elections within a certain period after announcement of election results is justified.

The aim of the research work is to reveal the way of system based on primary archaeological sources of historical processes related to funerary rites and religion of our ancestors of the Bronze Age in Northern Bactria.
The object of the research work arc the monuments, which left over from the tribal cultures Sapalli, Bishkcnt-Vakhsh and Andronovo culture, which related to the Bronze Age and in the territory of Northern Bactria.
Scientific novelty of the research work
Disclosed the peculiar aspects of the customs and rituals associated with the worship objects and funeral rites relating to all cultures (Sapalli, Bishkcnt, Vakhsh, Andronovo) population of the Bronze Age in Northern Bactria;
Defined similarity with the Uzbek people on the traditional customs of burial rites of the agricultural groups of the Bronze Age in Northern Bactria and innovations that have taken place on their soil;
The historical roots (structure of the graves) and customs associated with the funeral rites of the Uzbek people had related to the Bronze Age;
It proved that the formation of the early Zoroastrian religion and the deification of the four elements of his characteristic nature arose in the groups of sedentary agriculture in the late Bronze Age;
Disclosed on the basis of a systematic analysis of archaeological sources and scientific literature that the historical roots of the Uzbek statehood and religion of Zoroastrism on the example of early temple Djarkutan belongs to the Bronze Age;
Reflected listed in a single system of scientific materials related to funerary rites and religion sedentary and pastoral groups of the Bronze Age in Northern Bactria.
Implementation of the research results
The results of the research were discussed in 8 scientific - practical conferences, including 3 international and 5 republican activities: “The history of Uzbek statehood” (Gulistan, 2010); “The history of Uzbek statehood” (Tashkent, 2010); “The important issues of teaching social-humanitarian subjects in high education” (Tashkent, 2011); “The problems of history of Uzbekistan in young researcher’s outlook” (Samarkand, 2012); “The history of Uzbek statehood” (Tashkent, 2012); “European Applied Sciences; modern approaches in scientific researches” (Germany, 2013); “The co-operative pedagogy in continuously education system” (Tashkent, 2014); “The collection of articles of winners in VIII international scientifical-practical conference” (Kazakhstan, 2016).
The outline of the thesis
The structure of dissertation consists of: an introduction, three chapters, conclusions, list of references, abbreviations. The volume of the thesis is 144 pages, it is accompanied by an album, consists of 67 illustrative materials.

The aim of the research work are physico-chemical study of the synthesis of new effective defiliruya compositions and technologies for identifying optimal technological parameters of production complexometric defoliants of cotton on the basis of tricarbamide sodium, magnesium chlorate, nitric acid extraction of DCCP and monoethanolamine salts of citric, nitric, acetic acids and ethylene products.
The object of the research work chlorates of sodium and magnesium, carbamide, ammonium nitrate, acetic, nitric, citric acid, demoniacally citrate, ammonium citrate, acetate of monoethanolamine, monoethanolamine nitrate, DCCP physiologically active substance CNitAEDCCP and ethanol.
Scientific novelty of the research work: established physico-chemical basis for interaction of the components in the systems involving water, chlorate of sodium, magnesium, urea, citrate of demoniacally, ammonium citrate, monoethanolamine nitrate, acetate monoethanolamine and teleproduction built their polythermal solubility diagram and diagrams «composition-properties»;
proven education selected four new compounds, with distinction concentration and temperature limits of existence of the equilibrium solid phases in the diagrams, the individuality of which is identified chemical and physicochemical analysis methods;
proven optimal technological parameters of the extraction process waste cotton processing plant nitric acid, which proved that, when the nitric acid concentration is 20%, the ratio of waste to acid is 1:10, the process temperature 50°C, the transition of citric acid to the solution of 4.25%;
the technology of production of complexometric defoliants on the basis of chlorate of magnesium, sodium tricarbonate and physiologically active substances;
analyzed the composition of the defoliant «UzDEF» chemical and physicochemical methods, according to which the defoliant «UzDEF» has the following composition: 32,0% Mg(ClO3)2, 10% CO(NH2)2, 1,5% NH4NO3 и 0,3%АМЭА.
Implementation of the research results Defoliants “UzDEF and UzDEF-K” was included by the state chemical Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan to the list of drugs permitted for use in agriculture (Certificate No. 1 And 082 of January 18, 2008 and Certificate No. 1 And 1168 dated 18 October 2016); methodological recommendations on the protection of the environment and human health when used in agriculture defoliants «UzDEF», «UzDEF-K» and approved by the Ministry of health of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Practical implementation of technology for new defoliant “UzDEF” implemented in joint-stock company “Ferganaazof ’ and developed from 2009 to 2016 more than 10.4 thousand tons of defoliant (The reference of «Uzkimyosanoat» from August 15, 2017 №01/3-4335/П).
Agrochemical testing of the proposed defoliants on cotton has shown a high defiliruya activity and the “softness” of their action on plants compared to liquid magnesium chlorate defoliant. The degree of leaf fall was more than 89,7 %. Defoliants stimulated the opening of boxes, the figure on the 12th day of 89,6-92,3%. The increase in productivity up to an average of 1,8-2,2 t/ha. Definition of economic efficiency of production of new defoliants “ “UzDEF and UzDEF-K” showed that the cost of 1 ton of defoliants “UzDEF and UzDEF-K.” for raw materials is respectively 5479275,6 and 5562311,82 sum, this figure compared with the 1 ton IChMD 617324,4 and 534288,18 sum cheaper.
The structure and volume of the thesis. The structure of the thesis consists of introduction, five chapters, conclusion, bibliography and applications. Scope of the thesis is 181 pages.

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. Despite significant achievements and progressing perfection of surgical technique, reconstructive surgery of the esophagus continues to be one of the most difficult areas in thoracoabdominal surgery, with the most significant successes achieved in recent decades, due to the introduction of new technologies, improved diagnostic methods, the success of anesthesiology and reanimatology.
In the initial period of the development of esophagus surgery, the focus was on the resection stage, which included solving such problems as determining optimal surgical access, providing anesthesia, resection technique, and esophagia extirpation. Currently, the most important point is the so-called reconstructive-recovery stage, which includes the choice of an organ for plasty of the esophagus, the method of forming a transplantant and esophageal anastomoses.
The most common intervention in surgery of esophageal cancer and its benign strictures is subtotal extirpation of the esophagus with gastroesophageal plastic surgery, because due to its plastic qualities and characteristics of blood supply, the stomach is considered to be the optimal organ for the formation of a graft. However, still in 5-10% of cases partial or total necrosis of the transplant occurs, which often ends fatal due to the development of purulent mediastinitis and empyema of the pleura. The transfer of the gastric transplantant to the neck requires extensive mobilization of the stomach and is accompanied by ligation of some of the main vessels feeding it, which explains such common complications as ischemic necrosis of the transplantant and the inconsistency of the esophageal-gastric anastomosis, which on the average are 7-20%.
The aim of the research work is improve the results of surgical treatment of patients with esophageal diseases by improving perioperative management, development and introduction a new method for the formation of a gastrotransplant.
The tasks of research:
To study the frequency, nature and causes of postoperative complications of esophagus extirpation with one-stage esophagogastroplasty depending on the primary pathology of the esophagus.
To study the structure of specific and purulent-inflammatory complications of esophagus extirpation with one-stage esophagogastroplasty.
To systematize various postoperative complications into groups with reference to esophagus extirpation with one-stage esophagogastroplasty.
To develop a set of therapeutic and prophylactic measures aimed at reducing the frequency of postoperative complications of esophagus extirpation with one-stage esophagogastroplasty.
To develop and introduce into clinical practice a new method for the formation of a graft from the stomach during esophageal extiipation with one-stage esophagogastroplasty.
To study the functional state of the gastrotransplant, formed according to the original technique by studying its reservoir evacuation function after esophagoplasty.
To study the effectiveness of the proposed treatment and prophylactic measures by a comparative evaluation of postoperative complications of esophagus extirpation with one-stage esophagogastroplasty.
To study the structure of the causes of lethal outcomes after esophagus extirpation with one-stage esophagogastroplasty and to determine the ways of their prevention.
The object of the research work. 234 patients with diseases of the esophagus who were on inpatient treatment in the JSC "Republican Specialized Center for Surgery named after Academician V.Vakhidov" in the period from 1991 to 2015 were present.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
A complex interrelation between the main causes leading to necrosis of transplantation and insufficiency of esophageal anastomoses after plasty of the esophagus is revealed, on the basis of which the main modern principles of gastroesophageplasty are formulated.
Systematized groups of postoperative complications after reconstructive-reconstructive operations on the esophagus, that would make a set of measures for their prevention.
A new technique for the formation of a graft from the large curvature of the stomach in the case of esophagus extirpation with one-stage esophagogastroplasty has been developed.
The reservoir and evacuation function of a gastrotransplant with a preserved antrum stomach was studied.
A set of therapeutic and prophylactic measures was developed in the perioperative management of patients, aimed at reducing the frequency of postoperative complications and lethality.
The outline of the thesis.
Scientific significance is determined by the fact that the best results of correctional scientific research and effectiveness for the treatment of diseases of the esophagus, including in other fields of science, in practical preservation and training, in particular in the practice of surgical departments, both plan and emergency medical services. The results of the work will make it possible to improve the content and structure of the program for the study of students, as well as magisters, clinical courses and courses in the treatment of diseases of the esophagus.
The practical value of the work lies in the fact that the recommended set of curative preventive measures has improved the results of surgical treatment of esophagus diseases, significantly shorten the part of postoperative complications and lethality, and also reduce the length of stay of patients in the hospital.
The introduction of the proposed set of therapeutic and prophylactic measures made it possible to reliably reduce the development of all groups of postoperative complications, which in turn reduced the number of deaths after reconstructive operations on the esophagus.

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. According to the World Health Organization cerebral stroke is a major cause of mortality in developed countries, and in the structure of total mortality takes 2-3 position. The total number of patients with stroke or transient ischemic attacks in the anamnesis in the world more than 50 million. Ischemic stroke (IS) - Important medical and social problem and a major cause of hospitalization, disability and mortality in developed countries. In despite of the close attention of scientists and specialists around the world the problem of early diagnosis of ischemic stroke and adequate cerebral reperfusion remains topical.
The aim of research work is development of radial methods of prediction of ischemic stroke flow depending on neuroimaging and hemodynamic patterns in the acute phase of the disease.
The scientific novelty' of the research work is the following:
modified criteria of embologenic plaques;
studied "ultrasound morphology" of atherosclerotic plaques of carotid arteries in patients with ischemic stroke, modified criteria of embologenity of plaques;
demonstrated relationship between hemodynamics by the middle cerebral artery and the size of focus of brain lesions;
studied changes in echocardiographic parameters in patients with ischemic stroke;
suggested ultrasound criteria of acute and chronic occlusion of the internal carotid artery, and identified significant relationship between the nature of the occlusion and stroke outcome;
shown, that flow of ischemic stroke depends on the hemodynamic flow over the middle cerebral artery and cerebrovascular reserve indicators in the acute period; 
developed criteria of radiation diagnosis, allowing to carry out more detailed selection of patients for thrombolysis.
It is revealed, that cardiac pathology and, in particular, the potential sources of embolism not correlated with flows of hemodynamics along the middle cerebral artery and the size of cerebral ischemia focus.
The algorithm of diagnostic procedures in acute ischemic stroke was proposed.

The aim of the research work. Comprehensive study modification mechanisms and features forming nano-dimensional structures in the surface layers PdBa, CoSi2 and GaAs at low energy ion bombardment, followed by heat and laser treatment.
Scientific novelty of the research work. A structural model of the surface of Pd-Ba activated in high vacuum and in an oxygen atmosphere was proposed and a technique for uniformly activating the surface of Pd-Ba alloys of a cylindrical shape by laser ablation and implantation of Ba’ ions was developed;
It was shown that the shape and size of the nanocrystallinc phases formed on the surface of Pd and Pd-Ba at irradiation densities D < 1015 cm" depends mainly on the surface microrelief, and does not depend on D > 5 • 1015 cm’2 at high doses; The most likely mechanism for the formation of areas with a crystalline structure under the effect of implantation of large doses of ions is the heating of the target in the region of the thermal peak, leading to melting of the material;
homogeneous regularly located nanoscalc phases and epitaxial nanofilms of Si and CoSiO on the surface of CoSii/Si (111) were obtained by the ion bombardment method (Ar+ and O’) in combination with annealing, and also the dependences of nanocrystallinc phase dimensions on energy and ion dose were determined;
mechanisms for the formation of one-component nanoscalc structures on the surface of materials of various types (metal alloy Pd2Ba, semiconductors CoSi2 and GaAs) and the type of chemical bond (intermetallic, covalent and ionic-covalent) in the bombardment with Ar+ ions;
Optimal conditions for ion bombardment and subsequent annealing of the Si-CoSi2-Si, CoSiO-CoSi2-Si, Ga-GaAs-Gc, GaAlAs-GaAs multilayer structures were determined and their energy band diagrams were constructed.

The aim of the research work. Obtaining nanoscale structures and multilayer systems based on Mo and Si single crystals by epitaxy and ion implantation, studying regularities and elucidating the physical mechanisms of their formation
The object of the research work. Monocrystalline Mo and Si samples implanted by ions in a wide energy range (0,2 - 40 keV) and doses (D = 1014 - 101 cm").
Scientific novelty of there search work. The physical mechanisms for the formation of intermetallic compounds of the Nb + Mo type in the near-surface Mo layer during the implantation of Nb + ions in combination with annealing have been established and it has been experimentally proved that the formation of an intermetallic compound leads to the formation of the Mo subband of 4d electrons Nb below the Fermi level of Mo, which leads to a change in the density of the valence electron state Mo.
It has been experimentally established that the intermetallic compound is not formed in the implantation of Ba’ ions in Mo, but as a result of the decrease in the work function and the increase in the atomic density of the near-surface layer, the emission efficiency of secondary and photoelectrons increases 2 or more times, the main regularities of the formation of nanoscale phases and MeSi2 layers in the near-surface region of Si in the process of ion implantation and subsequent annealing are established, and methods for estimating their dimensions and determining the parameters of the energy bands based on studying the change in the intensity of transmitted light are developed;
The technology of obtaining homogeneous polycrystalline nanofilms of SiCb of various thicknesses (d~20-100A) and with a bandgap width of ~ 8.5 * 9 eV by the implantation of O2+ ions on the Si surface has been developed;
It is justified that the presence of several percents of accelerated ions (Eo = 1-2 keV) in the stream of sputtered metallic substances (Al) leads to the complete destruction of a thin oxide film on the Si surface and to the creation of a transition layer leading to an increase in the adhesion of metal to silicon substrates and a sharp decrease in the contact electrical resistivity;
a method for obtaining nanoscale two-layer systems of the MeSi2/Si/MeSi2/Si (Me-Co, Na) type with an integrated thickness not exceeding 40-50 nm; the thickness of the CoSi2 surface film is 3 * 5 nm; the thickness of the near-surface film is 10 * 12 nm, and the thickness of the Si film between these layers is 10-20 nm.

Research aim: The aim of research work is, under the conditions of the Bukhara oasis, to study Lemna minor, Pistia stratiotes and Azolla caroliniana aquatic plants in the laboratory conditions as well as conducting experiments on the production of high-yielded algaes in collective farms under the field conditions, reducing mineralization of collector-drainage water and improving water quality, studying the growth, development and productivity of crops as a result of improved irrigation with improved drainage water quality, development of scientific and practical recommendations for farms and water management organizations.
Study area: The study was carried out at the educational-scientific laboratory of the Bukhara branch of the Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers as well as at the Yulduz drainage, which flows through the territory of Bukhara province’s “Mohammad Chorukiy” farm.
Scientific novelty of the research: The scientific novelty of the study consists of the following items:
to determine highly-mineralized drainage systems in the Bukhara province and study their changes due to natural and anthropogenic impacts;
to study the effectiveness of Lemna minor, Pistia stratiotes and Azolla caroliniana aquatic plants, reduction of their drainage water mineralization in the laboratory conditions;
to study the effect of Lemna minor, Pistia statiotes and Azolla caroliniana regarding their reduction of drainage mineralization in small reservoirs;
to investigate the growth, development and productivity of cotton as a result of irrigation with improved quality of drainage water and prepare scientific and practical recommendations on the basis of the research.
Implementation of the research results: Based on the results of the research, reduction potential of the mineralization of collector-drainage waters by a biological method and their use in irrigated agriculture have been practiced on irrigated lands of farms of Bukhara, Ramitan, Peshku and Shafirkan districts of Bukhara province over an area of 133 hectares during 2014-2016 for irrigation of Bukhara-6 cotton sort (data of the Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources №04 / 32-342 on February 17, 2017). At the same time, the negative effects of water deficit were reduced, a yield of 5.4-6.2 cc/ha of raw cotton was obtained and pollution of the surrounding environment was addressed.
Structure and the volume of the thesis: The structure of the thesis consists of an introduction, five chapters, conclusions, a list of references, and implementation. The volume of the thesis is 120 pages.

The aim of the research work is to identify the faunistic composition of bivalvia olluscs in the water basins of Uzbekistan and estimate their usage prosperities.
The objects of the research work are 10 species and 2 youngest species of Unionidae (Sinanodonta gibba, S. puerorum, S. orbicularis; Colletopterum bactrianum, C. cyreum sogdianum, C.ponderosum volgense, C. kokandicum) and Corbiculidae (Corbicula cor, C. fluminalis; Corbiculina tibetensis, C. ferghanensis) families of Bivalvia class.
Scientific novelty of the research as followings:
the list of double-rowed molluscs containing 10 species and 2 youngest species which belong to Unionidae and Corbiculiade families of Bivalvia classes is composed in the water basins of Uzbekistan; at first the density and spread of three species of double-rowed molluscs - Sinadonta orbicularis, S.gibba, S.puerorum are determined in water basins of Uzbekistan; the distribution of Unionidae and Corbiculidae family representatives is revealed depending on the hydrologic regime of rivers; the importance of artificial water basins as a way and source of distribution of double-rowed molluscs is assessed; the distribution of biological young groups of rare and endemic molluscs in population is revealed; saprobligi of double-rowed molluscs is defined and its dependence on the distribution degree of molluscs in water basins is proved; the opportunities of double-rowed molluscs in determining radioactivity of water basins are valued; the ways of rearing pearl from the species of Sinandonta seeds in fishing households in the condition of climate of Uzbekistan;
Implementation of the research results.
On the base of scientific results that are taken on the basis of the distribution, population and usage in economy fields of double-rowed molluscs in the water basins of Uzbekistan:
the data about the bioindicative features, as well as, population of rare and endemic species of double-rowed molluscs is implemented into the process of nature protection^ The PD-02/10-1520 reference of the State Committee of Nature Protection of the Republic of Uzbekistan on 23 March, 2016). The results of scientific research gave the opportunity to increase the productivity of the measures on identifying the water quality, cleaning them and protecting the regressive population.
the ways of rearing pearl from double-rowed molluscs implemented into production^ the 02/12-387 reference of the Water and Agriculture Minister of the Republic of Uzbekistan on 15 March, 2016). Scientific results gave the opportunity to get medium pearls (L|5,5/L23) from molluscs in fishing households that correspond to world standards.
Structure and volume of the dissertation. The dissertation consists of introduction, five chapters, conclusion, list of used literature and appendixes. The volume of the thesis is 197 pages.

The aim of the research objective is modernization of the technology of safflower cake extraction and refinement of the obtained oil by use of alternative ways of the intensification of mass-transfer processes and effective local chemical reagents.
The objects of research arc safflower cake, extraction, hydrated, neutralised and bleached safflower oils, safflower ground oil-cake, safflower phospholipids, safflower soapstock, etc.
Scientific novelty of the research work consists in the following: structural-mechanical and physical-chemical advantages of the granulated oil cake before cockleshell have been determined;
it has been installed the kinetic regularity of extraction process of granulated safflower cake and cockleshell on hydrocarbonic dissolvent;
it has been proved that for an intensification of extraction process of safflower cake, it is expedient to carry out recycling of micellae parts with heating it upto 65-70°C from the bottom part of a horizontal column in the overhead part of extraction columns of the extractor ND-1250M;
it has been shown that use of mcchanochcmical activation (MCA) at the hydration and neutralization of safflower oils allows to destroy available in it associates (micellae) and as a result to intensify the given processes for 1,2-1,3 times;
it has been installed that replacement of traditional caustic soda by sodium silicate in the course of neutralization of safflower oils allows to increase an output of the neutralized oil by 1,5-2,0 %;
selective properties of adsorbents have been developed at the bleaching of safflower oils, obtained from local clay minerals and coals;
effective compositions from the local adsorbents, providing high output and indicates of the quality of bleached safflower oils have been developed;
the modernized technology, the technological circuit design and optimum regimes of extraction and complex refinement of safflower oils which have been confirmed in experimental-industrial tests have been developed.
Implementation of the research results The modernized technology of extraction and refinement of safflower oils has been tested and introduced in JSC «Kattakurgan yog- шоу» Holding Company «Uzpaxtasanoatcksport » (the inquiry is introduced on joint-stock company from. 17.02.2017 ВД-ё/264 Holding Company «Uzpaxtasanoatcksport»). Introduction of scientific results in the joint-stock company «Kattakurgan yog moy» allows to modernise production lines of extraction and refinement of safflower oils, to intensify processes several times used in practice, to make on the basis of local raw materials new import substitution phospholipids and effective compositions of adsorbents, reduces losses of valuable oil in hydrated phospholipid residue and soapstock, to increase the output of dcsircdswcct oil.
The structure and volume of the thesis. The thesis consists of the introduction, five chapters, conclusion and bibliographhy. The volume of the thesis is 119 pages.

The aim of the research work is development of receipt and production technologies of flour products with use of products of processing of local vegetative raw materials.
The object of the research workis working out of a new receipt of bakery products of a functional purpose with use of the perspective natural additives, positioned in the capacity of enhancers for flour products for the purpose of expansion of sector of products of "healthy food" and improvement of their consumer advantages.
Scientific noveltyof research workconsists in the following:
there have been investigated the nutrient composition, functional-technological and toxicological properties of powdery semi-finished products;
the influence of powdery semi-finished products on processes of catabolic regressions, activations of baking yeast and the quality of a finished product has been studied;
there have been investigated the chemical composition and medical and biologic properties of bakery products with addition of powdery semi-finished products;
it has been developed the technology on obtaining and application of powdery vegetative semi-finished products from fruit and vegetable raw materials: apples, carrots, a pumpkin, a beet, red sweet pepper.
Implementation of the research results.On the basis of offers on application of fruit-vegetable powders in the production process of bakeries:
the patent for the manufacture method of bakery products with dried vegetative additives (№IAP04248,2008 y.) has been received, that gives to chance for the expansion of structure of assortment of the products containing aroma-forming substances, the improvement of product quality, raise of its food and biological value.
The technology of preparation of shaped bread products with additives from fruit and vegetable raw materials are introduced (Certificate from the Association of Bread Producers "TOSHKENTNON" № 06-458 from 08/22/2017). As a result the quality of bread has improved and the efficiency of production has increased by 16 %.
The technology of preparation of shaped bakery products with additives from fruit and vegetable raw materials are introduced (Certificate from the Association of Bread Producers "TOSHKENTNON" № 06-458 from 08/22/2017). As a result the quality of bread has improved and the efficiency of production has increased by 17 %.
The structure and volume of the thesis. The dissertation structure consists of the introduction, five chapters, the conclusion, the list of the used literature and appendixes. The dissertation volume consists of 120 pages.

The aim of research work is the creation of the technology of obtaining fire retardants on the bases of hetero functional siliconcontaining organic compounds for polyetylene and water-dispersed paints.
Scientific novelty of the research work consists in the following:
It has been founded that the critical value of length of hydrocarbon radicals holding various elements (nitrogen-, fluorine-, boron-, phosphorus-) in the formation of siliconcontaining oligomers depends on the indicators of concentration amount, and thermal properties of polyolyphines and covers depend on the amount of silicon atom;
effective modification methods of properties of polyolyphines and covers due to the bonding of various radicals to silicon atom have been created;
directed control of ignation and combustible processes of polymers and composition materials based on local raw material silicate resources in the determination of key factors has been established;
technology of bonding of galogenoepoxide monomers, corbon acids and amine groups with silicates on the nucleophil exchange reactions of siliconcontaining oligomer fire retardants, epoxide groups with hydroxyl groups has been developed;
modification technologies of nitrogen, phosphorus, fluorine and silicon containing heterofunctional oligomer fire retardants, hydrophil and hydrophob compounds - containing polyolyphines and water-dispersed systems have been developed.

The aim of the research work
is development of methods of synthesis of new polyfunctional nitrogencontaining compounds - derivatives of morpholine, finding areas.
The object of the research work morpholine, epichlorohydrin, urea, acrylic and methacrylic acid.
Scientific noveltyof the researchwork
consists in the following:
it has been developed the technological process of obtaining new mono- and deexchanged derivatives of morpholine;
there have been suggested the method of obtaining unsaturated heterocyclic compounds on the bases of morpholine with akryl and methaakryl acids.
chlorohydrin has been synthsised on the bases of morpholine and epichlorohydrin and it has been created obtaining technology of унинг асосида petroltriazol, akryl methaakryl acids with morpholine new derivatives;
it has been investigated the spostaneous polymerization of epichlorohydrin with morpholine. Kinetic parameters of the process:the order of reaction on the initial reagents,activation energy of polymerization reaction.
spostaneous interaction of morpholine with epichlorohydrin has been investigated through quantum-chemical method and its molecular and energy diagrams have been recommended.
it has been created the technology of obtaining polyfunctional nitrogen containing compounds in the wide scale possessing morpholine ring with diffirent fragments by structure.
Implementationof the research results. According to the research results of the spontaneous polymerization of morpholine with epichlorohydrin:
developed by standard organizations ("based on Oligomer of epichlorohydrin ", Moree". Specifications (notice of the Ministry of health 14825224-04:2016 25 November 2016).
Processing leather goods with a solution of the oligomer on the basis of morpholine with epichlorohydrin allow you to get the leather semi-products with improved physical and mechanical, including hygiene and antibacterial properties.
The structure and volume of the thesis. The dissertation structure consists of the introduction, five chapters, the conclusion, the list of the used literature and appendixes. The dissertation volume consists of 120 pages.

The aim of the research is the development of the technology of obtaining depressants possessing higher effectiveness for diesel oils from local polymer wastes.
The scientific novelty of the research consists in the following:
new polymers representing persistent properties enhancing hardening temperature of diesel oils on n the bases of epichlorohydrin with benzooxazolone have been obtained;
the synthesis of polymethacrylates and their influence on physical-chemical and mechanical properties have been studied;
obtaining copolymers of ethylene with heterocyclic metaacrylates and their application methods as depressants for diesel oil have been created for the first time;
obtaining method of graft-polymers of low-molecular polyethylene for the development of diesel oil low temperature properties has been created;
technology of allocating low-molecular polyethylene from local raw polymer wastes has been worked out;
technology of obtaining depressants for diesel oils on the bases of low-molecular polyethylene and EHYPAN has been developed for the first time;
technology of obtaining depressants on the bases of heterocycle containing compositions and epichlorohydrin has been created;
technology of obtaining graft-copolymer depressants on the bases of low-molecular polyethylene and metaakryl acid has been worked out;
technology of obtaining polyfunctional polymer depressants for diesel oils has been developed.

The aim of research work: is the development of regularities and mechanism of copolymerization of acrylic monomers with protein macromolecules, determination of the character of the interaction of the initiator, monomer and the resulting macromolecules with polymers, the determination of the areas of practical realization of such a polymerization method, taking into account the specific properties of polymer compositions.
The object of the research work: Natural polymers - collagen, fibroin of natural silk; Monomers - acrylic acid, meth acrylic acid esters, acrylonitrile; Initiators of radical polymerization - potassium per sulfate, dinnertime ester of azoisobutyric acid; Textile materials, solvents.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
The mechanism of graft copolymerization of acrylic monomers with protein macromolecules has been developed. The atoms of macromolecules of the natural polymer, initiator and monomer participating in the formation of active centers and polymerization arc established by PMR and 1R spectroscopic methods;
The main kinetic regularities of graft copolymerization of acrylic monomers with natural polymers have been determined;
Parameters for regulating the degree of grafting, the rate of copolymerization, the structure and physic-chemical, mechanical properties of synthesized polymers and materials based on them; A new composition for the flame retardant treatment of textile materials has been developed.
Implementation of the research results. A method for initiating the graft copolymerization of functional-active monomers from a solution with collagen in a homogeneous medium and on the surface of a textile web is developed by preliminary physical adsorption. The possibility and advantages of the practical use of natural and synthetic graft copolymers to produce a form-stable and fire-resistant material arc shown.
The validity of the scientific provisions and conclusions arc confirmed, since they arc established on the basis of the application of modern physical and chemical research methods using the experimental base of the «TexUz» certification center TITLI, scientific laboratories of the institutes of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan and the Higher Technical School of Fire Safety of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
The scientific significance of the results of the study is that a relationship has been established between the structure of the copolymers obtained and the nature of the grafted monomer. Elastic-strength and physicochemical properties of materials are regulated by the quantitative ratio of natural polymer and functional-active monomer, the conditions of synthesis.
A composition for flame retardant treatment of textile materials containing collagen, acrylic emulsion, boric acid and potassium per sulfate was obtained. In the process of heat treatment, chemical interactions occur between the components, and a relatively resistant to wet treatments, a hardly-combustiblc textile material is formed.
On the basis of scientific results of the study of graft copolymerization of functional-active monomers with natural polymers: Patent for invention of RUz No. IAP 05234 «Composition for flame retardant treatment of textile materials» (30.06.2016, bulletin No.6); A composition for the flame retardant treatment of textiles was introduced into the practice of the «Shams» PC, where an experimental industrial lot of fire-resistant textile material was obtained (act of the PC «Shams» No. FJ—12—2281 from 20.07.2017).
The resulting collagen-containing materials were used in the development of a new technology for the form-stable processing of clothing parts. A scientific fundamental project on the topic F-7-02 «Graft copolymerization of functionally active monomers on the surface of fibers and fillers» (2012-2016, certificate of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan)
The structure and volume of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, six chapters, a conclusion, a list of used literature, an appendix. The volume of the thesis is 120 pages.

The aim of the research work includes making up the conspectus of the flora of the Bukhara oasis and determination of the content of the adventive species.
The object of the research is the flora of vascular plants of the Bukhara oasis.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
for the first time, modem structure of the flora of the Bukhara oasis was determined, the conspectus of plants including 528 species, 294 genera and 59 families was made; for the first time, the structure of the adventive fraction of the flora was determined in our country and it was given that the flora of the Bukhara oasis consists 89 species, 67 genera and 21 families; five new species were described (Amaranthus viridis L., Duchesnea indica (Andreews) Focke., Eclipta prostrata (L.)L., Erigeron bonariensis L., Symphyotrichum graminifoliuni (Spreng.) G.L.Nesom.) for the first time for the flora of Uzbekistan and 39 species were given for the research area; it was proved that the contemporary flora of the Bukhara oasis was formed in the anthropogenically changed environment and the number of the species which were not native was being increased; difference in the taxonomic structure of aborigine and adventive fractions was proved in the comparative analysis; new populations of rare and endemic species were found and GIS maps were developed; an electronic database of the flora of the Bukhara oasis and GIS maps of species distribution were made.
Implementation of the research results. On the basis of the scientific results from the research of the flora of the Bukhara oasis:
electronic database, maps of species distribution, conspectus of the flora, the plants included in the Red Data Book were introduced into the protection of the environment (certificate 03-01/12-3632 of the Committee of Ecology and Environmental Protection of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated by September 6, 2017).
The scientific results made it possible to develop the activities aimed at identifying populations of invasive species, determination and protection of rare, endemic plants, maintaining cadaster processes;
collected 841 herbarium samples belonged to 528 genera mainly, 9 species which arc rare and endemic for the region, and samples of five new plant species were given to the “Unique Object” - Central Herbarium (TASH), which is considered leader in the number of herbarium samples in Central Asia (certificate 6/1256 of 6 September, 2017 of the Academy of Science of the Republic of Uzbekistan). The samples availed the enrichment of the fund of the Central herbarium, determination of the adventive species, as well as formation of an electronic database of the flora of Uzbekistan - FLORUZ (www.floruz.uz).
Structure and volume of the dissertation. The dissertation consists of introduction, five chapters, conclusion, list of used literature and appendixes. The volume of the thesis is 101 pages.

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. Many scientific and applied studies (conducted at the world level) are in many cases brought to the problems of the theory of phase transitions in physics, biology, statistical mechanics, and so on. The theory of phase transitions is closely related to the theory of Gibbs measures. The development of the theory of such measures important because of the complexity of the description of Gibbs measures for classical models and the insufficient formalization of verification of their existence.
The aim of the research work is study existence of weakly periodic Gibbs measures and ground states for the Ising and Potts models. Construct some class of non (weakly) periodic limiting Gibbs measures, ground states and calculate free energies for the Ising and Potts models.
Scientific novelty' of the research work is as follows:
In the case of a normal subgroup of index four, for some conditions, it is proved that for the Ising model there are at least seven weakly periodic Gibbs measures;
Notions of (£0)-translation-invariant and (£0)- periodic Gibbs measure are introduced and the existences of such measures are proved;
General formula, for free energies for the Ising and Potts models are given, free energies corresponding to some known boundary conditions are calculated;
For the antiferromagnetic Potts model on the Cayley tree the existence of 2q -2 weakly periodic Gibbs measures is proved for normal subgroups of index two;
Under some conditions for the ferromagnetic Potts model on the Cayley tree the existence of at least two weakly periodic Gibbs measures is proved;
For the Potts model with external field, under defined conditions, the existence of at least two weakly periodic Gibbs measures is proved;
For the Potts model dependence between translation-invariant Gibbs measures and boundary conditions is found. Boundary conditions corresponding to the translation-invariant Gibbs measures are constructed;
For the Ising model with competing interactions on the Cayley tree sufficient and necessary conditions (on the order к of lattice and on parameters of normal subgrups of index two and four), for existence four of weakly periodic ground states are found;
For arbitrary normal subgrup of finite indices sufficient and necessary conditions are given under which a configurations is ground state of the Ising model with competing interactions on Cayley tree;
For the Potts model with competing interantion sufficient and necessary conditions are obtained under which there are weakly periodic ground states.

The aim of the research work. Synthesis of low viscosity, water-soluble carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and high substituted polyanion cellulose (РАС) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and powder cellulose (PC), study of its properties and development of production technology.
The object of the research work.MCC and PC samples with different degree of polymerization (DP), degree of crystallinity (DC),synthesized CMC samples, fire-retardant wood chipboard.
Scientific novelty' of the research work:
for the first shown conditions of synthesis of a low-substituted, water-soluble CMC with DS of 0.42-0.48 on the basis of MCC and PC by monoapparatus way;
for the first synthesized highly substituted РАС by carboxymethylation of MCC and PC in an ethyl alcohol medium;
it has established that kinetic parameters of heterogeneous carboxymethyllation of MCC and PC as activation energy, reaction rate and thermal effect in adiabatic condition;
it has been developed a monoapparatus production technology of low-viscosity CMC and suspension technology production of low-viscosity РАС from MCC and PC;
it has established that including of low-viscosity CMC to the content of hard-combustible press-composition improved physical-mechanical properties of wood particle board.
Implementation of there search results. Based on obtained results on synthesizing of low-viscosity CMC and РАС from MCC and PC, development of their production technology and application in practice:
It has obtained development batches of low-viscosity technical CMC from MCC and PC by a monoapparatus way on the pilot installation of Wemer-Pfleiderer in the laboratory conditions (the act of operating a development batch of low-viscosity technical CMC in a pilot installation of Verner-Pfleiderer). According to developed technology in LLC Karbonam was produced 370 tons of technical CMC from local sources of raw materials for oil and gas industry (letter of “Uzbekneftegaz” 23-10-01 /26-677from23.02.2017y).
It was developed technological regulation of №TR_22235949-002:2016 "Production of technical Na-СМС from CC, lint, MCC and textile wastes", approved in LLC "Karbonam" and coordinated by JSC "O'ZLITINEFTGAZ". As a result, the developed technology could be made of import-substituting, export-oriented, low-viscosity, low-substituted CMC grades based on local raw materials.
The structure and volume of the thesis.Structure of dissertation consists of an introduction, five chapters, conclusion, list of references and applications. The volume of the thesis is 118 pages.

Topicality and relevance of the theme of the dissertation. In the world today, in the development of agriculture, much attention is paid to the production of biogas and biofertilizers from waste. In practice, in the area of the use of organic waste to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, one of the promising areas is to increase the productivity of processing organic fertilizers. In this aspect, the development of methods for stepwise anaerobic processing and development of ways to improve product quality is one of the most important tasks
The aim of the research is the development of technology and technical means for processing organic waste in agriculture through stepwise processing, the use of energy contained in ejected fertilizers taking into account the retention time in biorcactors. 
The scientific novelty of the research consists of the following: A technology and a technical tool for stepwise manure processing in a biogas plant were developed; A computer program was developed to manage all technological processes in a power installation; The coefficient у was determined that takes into account the optimal amount of foreign substances in manure during anaerobic processing; A technology was developed to ensure manure retention time in biorcactors; A mathematical model describing non-stationary heat transfer of the heat carrier was developed, and rational parameters of the device were determined on the basis of analytical dependencies; The technology, scheme and design were developed, and the rational parameters on obtaining biofertilizers and energy from organic waste were defined; The optimal parameters of the stepwise manure processing plant under continuous operating conditions were determined.

The urgensy and relevance of the dissertation topic. Despite the widespread use of the concept of "prccancer" in both practical and theoretical Oncology, there is still no consensus about the nature of prcmalignant changes in tumor tissue. Despite the visibility of localization, more than 60% of patients with malignant neoplasms diagnosed in the late (III-IV) clinical stages.
According to the expert Committee of the world health organisation (WHO) for tumors of the head and neck (HN) accounts for 12% of the total number of cancer patients. Registered in the world annually more than 500 000 new cases of malignant tumors of the head and neck. Two-thirds occur in industrialized countries. Five-year survival of patients with accounting of treatment does not exceed 50%.
The increase in the number of malignant tumours of the General staff, the defeat of persons of working age, a high percentage of postoperative complications and recurrences, complexity verification and prediction in the early stages of the disease, indicate the need for further development of methods of early diagnosis and treatment of patients.
The aim of the research work was to dcvelopand improve the integrated methods for early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of tumors of the facial skin and mucosa of the oral cavity.
The scientific novelty of the research work is the following:
we developed a new method for the preparation of thin cytological preparation on a wet basis (Thin Prep) with subsequent staining by Papanicolaou as the most appropriate to detect early forms of cancer of the skin and the oral mucosa;
according to our results, SEG and USDG allow with great certainty to ascertain an increase in the coefficient of deformation with displacement in staining to bluish pattern and an increase of vascularization in malignant tissues and lymph nodes, perform the screening and monitoring of patients;
genotyping of the Arg72Pro polymorphic marker of the TP53 gene in representatives of the Uzbek population carried out for the first time in Uzbekistan showed the predominance of the heterozygous Arg72Pro genotype in the general population. Nevertheless, Arg72Arg genotype occurred more than 2.5 times more likely in the control group compared to patients;
morphological analysis of the tumor tissue and metastasized LN after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) revealed no significant changes in indicators of mitotic cell division, rate of apoptosis and the therapeutic pathomorphism. Chemoradiation treatment leads to a reduction in the protective properties of saliva: in the background of its acidification and the developing xerostomia, there is a sharp decrease in the number of leukocytes;
new tests with aqueous iodine solution and toluidine blue for early chromodiagnosis of precanccrous tumors and cancer of the oral mucosa were developed and proposed for using in dental practice.

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. Nowadays, according to the World Health Organization (2015) glaucoma ranks first among causes of blindness, visual impairment and disability. In the structure of morbidity neovascu-lar glaucoma (NVG) is 24-40%out of total number of glaucoma. The problem of the treatment of NVG nowadays remains relevant medically and socially around the world, leading to disability and blindness visually impaired people of working age. NVG is characterized by severe, usually resistant to the antihypertensive drug therapy, proceeds relatively quickly in the terminal stage, accompanied by severe pain against high IOP and in some cases lead to loss of the eye as an organ.
The aim of the research work is to increase the effectiveness of neovascular glaucoma surgery through the use of photodynamic therapy in postoperative period.
Scientific novelty' of the research work is the following:
based on the examination of histological sections in AGO zone in experimental animals the main indicators of intensification of fibroblastic processes and their dynamics under the influence of PDT were determined.
based on the results of the studies the safety of the use and the antiproliferative activity of photodynamic therapy on the newly-formed in glaucoma surgery outflow tract of aqueous humor was proved.
for the first time in the preoperative surgery NVG expediency and efficiency proved “brimoptik” drug can reduce IOP level and the risk of postoperative bleeding complications
for the first time in pre-surgical habilitation of neovascular surgery the expedience of “brimoptic” medication was reasoned and the effectiveness was proved, which allows to reduce the level of ophthalmotonus and risk of postoperative hemorrhagic complications. It was determined that due to the hypotensive and vasoconstrictory peculiarities “brimoptic” is effective not only as a component of preoperative training in neovascular glaucoma but also as a medication of choice at medicamentous treatment of II stage of the disease.
for the first time in ophthalmological practice there was developed the algorithm of treatment with the use of photodynamic therapy on the apparatus ALT-East for the prevention of scarring of intrascleral cavity after antiglaucomatous surgery in patients with NVG.
using data of UBM and dynamics of clinical manifestations of neovascular glaucoma the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm with the medical treatment was proved, which allows to prevent scarring process and to preserve clearance of intrascleral cavity created as a result of glaucoma surgery.

Relevance and demand of the topic of dissertation: at the potato industry of the Republic, the main problems arc the lack of seed materials of varieties resistant to local, unfavorable conditions, as well as a lack of selective seed material that meet the quality requirements of the standard. Therefore, it is important to create high-yielding varieties with good quality, resistant to diseases and pests, suitable for obtaining two crops throughout the year, improving seed production and, taking into account their biological characteristics, developing and introducing technologies that ensure high yields.
The aim of the research work is development and introduction into production of technology for cultivating potato varieties with tubers and sprouts, ensuring the production of high, high-quality and cheap crops.
Scientific novelties of the researches are:
For the first time in the conditions of the old irrigated meadow, light and meadow-serozem soils of the Samarkand region, a comparative evaluation of the collection of early-ripening, medium-ripening and mid-ripening potato varieties grown from shoots was carried out;
for local conditions, promising varieties were selected that are suitable for growing sprouts as an early crop; the technology of growing potatoes from sprouts and tubers has been scientifically substantiated, the influence on growth, development, crop formation, yield and its quality of the selected potato varieties during cultivation by sprouts with different plant density and fertilizer rates, planting tubers of adolescents treated and also untreated, in a solution of macro fertilizers and growth stimulants;
in the conditions of farms, the technology of accelerated reproduction of potato varieties from tubers and sprouts was developed.

The aim of research work is to determine the dominant species of pests of maize and other sorghum plants and, on the basis of studying their biological characteristics and harmfulness, to develop methods for protecting plants; To develop and widely test a new technology for sowing tall plants, allowing for ground processing. Introduce the methods of innovation.
The scientific novelty of the study is as follows:
For the first time, the technology of cultivation of maize and other tall plants was developed and introduced, allowing intercultural protection;
The species composition of maize pests has been studied, with the establishment of the most frequently encountered, dominant them;
a list of the most effective and low-risk insecticides for the protection of maize from pests has been studied and compiled; 10 of them are included in the list of permitted for practical use; The conditions under which the desired efficacy can be obtained is prescribed.

Тадқиқот мавзусининг долзарблиги ва зарурати. Дунё тилшунослигида терминларнинг лисоний табиати тарихий-анъанавий ва систем-структур ёндашувлар билан бирга антропоцентрик жиҳатдан ҳам очиб берилмокда. Бунта эришида терминларнинг матн таркибида тутган ўрни, термин ўзлаштириш ва уларни меъёрлаштириш, тилнинг ички конуниятларига кай даражада мослиги, тил эгалари томонидан идрок этилиши, коммуникатив жараёндаги иштироки, деривацион хусусиятлари, термин ўзлаштиришда субъективлик ва индивидуаллик каби қатор масалаларни илмий очиб бериш долзарб масалалардан ҳисобланади.
Мамлакатимизда мустақилликнинг дастлабки йилларидан бошлаб олиб борилган изчил ислохот ва дастурий тадбирлар натижасида ижтимоий-иқтисодий, маданий-маърифий ҳаётнинг сифати тубдан ўзгарди, илм-фаннинг барча соҳалари жадаллик билан ривожлана бошлади. Айникса, фундаментал фанлар, хусусан, ўзбек тилшунослигида ҳам дунё тилшунослигидаги илғор қарашлардан фойдаланган холда тилимизнинг ўзига хос табиатини тадқиқ килишга киришилди. Бу холатни кейинги йилларда турли соҳаларга оид терминларни ясаш, қабул қилиш ва қўллаш, терминологии луғатлар, маълумотномаларни чоп этиш хамда кўплаб монографии тадқиқотларни яратиш борасида қўлга киритилаётган ютуқларда хам кузатиш мумкин. Шу билан бир каторда, терминологии тизимлардаги ўзига хослииларни аниқлашда анъанавий таднин андозаларидан чиқиб иетилмаётганлиги, ўзлашма терминларда ноаниилинларнинг мавжудлиги хам нузатилмоқдани, уларни бартараф этмай туриб, терминологии тадқиқотларнинг самарадорлигини янада ошириб бўлмайди. Ўзбеиистон Республииасини ривожлантиришнинг бешта устувор йўналиши бўйича 2017-2021 йилларга мўлжалланган Ҳараиатлар стратегиясида «...таълим тизимини таиомиллаштириш, сифатли таълим хизматлари имиониятларини ошириш»'га алоҳида эътибор иаратилган. Бу борада жараён англатувчи терминларнинг шаилий-маъновий тузилиши, юзага нелиши ва унга таъсир этувчи омиллар, ўзлаштириш ва қўлланиш даражаси, умумистеъмол сўзларидан фарнини очиб бериш муҳим ахамият иасб этади.
Жаҳон тилшунослигидан маълумки, терминлар илмий услубнинг таянч бирлиги сифатида фанга оид билимларни акс эттириш жараёнида унинг қай даражада ривожланганлиги, тил соҳибларининг илмий тафаккури, билим даражаси ҳакида ҳам кенг маълумот беради. Терминга хос бундай лисоний-нолисоний хусусиятлар барча фан соҳаларини, пировардида эса ўзбек тили илмий услубининг ривожланишини таъминлайди. Шу маънода миллий тилдаги жараён англатувчи терминларнинг лексикадаги кимматини очиб бериш, уларнинг замонавий ахборот технологиялари, банк иши сингари соҳаларда қўлланишини кенгайтиришга, терминологияда юз берган ўзгаришларни аниқлашга, терминлардаги дублетлик, тавтология ва вариантлилик муаммоларини бартараф этишга ёрдам беради.
Ўзбекистон Республикасининг 1995 йил 21 декабрда янги таҳрирда қабул қилинган «Давлат тили ҳакида»ги Қонуни, мазкур ҳужжатдаги вазифаларни амалга ошириш бўйича Вазирлар Маҳкамасининг 1996 йил 10 сентябрдаги 311-сон қарори талаблари, Узбекистан Республикаси Президентининг 2016 йил 13 майдаги ПФ-4797-сон «Алишер Навоий номидаги Тошкент давлат ўзбек тили ва адабиёти университетини ташкил этиш тўғрисида»ги Фармони ва 2017 йил 17 февралдаги ПҚ-2789-сон «Фанлар академияси фаолияти, илмий тадқиқот ишларини ташкил этиш, бошқариш ва молиялаштиришни янада такомиллаштириш чора-тадбирлари тўғрисида»ги Қарори ҳамда мазкур фаолиятга тегишли бошка меъёрий-ҳуқуқий ҳужжатларда белгиланган вазифаларни амалга оширишга ушбу диссертация тадқикоти муайян даражада хизмат қилади.
Тадқиқотнинг мақсади ўзбек тилидаги жараён англатувчи терминларнинг семантик-структур, деривацион хусусиятларини аниклаш, мавзуий гуруҳларини ишлаб чикиш, уларни меъёрлаштириш ва лексикографик изоҳлар беришдан иборат.
Тадқиқотнинг илмий янгилиги қуйидагилардан иборат:
ўзбек тилидаги мураккаб семантик таркибли жараён англатувчи лексема-терминлар - ҳамрох моҳиятли терминларнинг лисоний табиати очиб берилган;
жараён англатувчи терминларнинг ички мавзуий гуруҳлари белгиланган ҳамда структур тузилишига кўра типлари аникланган;
жараён англатувчи терминларнинг ясалиш усуллари ишлаб чиқилган;
ахборот-коммуникация технологиялари тизимининг шаклланишида жараён англатувчи терминларнинг қўлланиши ва умумлисоний соҳавий хусусиятлари ўзбек тили материаллари асосида очиб берилган;
жараён англатувчи терминларнинг семантик кўлами, моносемик ва полисемантик белгиси, синонимик, омонимик ҳамда вариатив хусусиятларини тахлил килиш асосида терминлар семантикасига оид қарашлар такомиллаштирилган;
жараён англатувчи кўп компонентли терминларни тартибга солиш юзасидан янги тавсиялар ишлаб чиқилган.
Хулоса
Диссертацияда ЖАТни ўрганиш асосида куйидаги хулосаларга келинди:
1. ЖАТ, аввало, ўз қатламга оид асослар оркали шаклланган, аммо ўзлашма қатламга оид жараён терминлари хам кўп. Уз катлам бирликлари ўзбекча ва ўзлашма асосли бирликларга ажралади. Ўзлашма катлам терминлари эса: шарк (араб, форс) тилларидан ўзлашган ҳамда байналмилал терминлар тарзида фаркланади. Жараён англатувчи ўз катлам терминлари аффикслар иштирокида ўз ёки ўзлашма сўзлардан термин ясаш ҳамда тилда мавжуд сўзларга янги (терминологик) маъно юклаш (семантик усул) обкали юзага келади.
2. Узбек тилида ЖАТни ясашда -ла, -лан, -лаш, -лаштириш, -лантириш аффикслари ва бўлмоқ, қилмоқ, этмоқ кўмакчи феъллари фаол иштирок этади. Уларнинг маълум кисми «асос+ция (-сия)», «асос+ация», «асос+яция» қолиплари асосида шаклланган бўлиб, баъзилари айнан ўзлаштирилган. Бунта сабаб уларнинг асоси ўзбек тилида мустакил маъно англата олмаслигидадир.
3. ЖАТнинг содда ва мураккаб турлари фарқланади. Содда терминлар бир асосдан, мураккаб терминлар эса камида икки асос иборат бўлади ва таркибий узвининг сонига қараб турли гуруҳларни ташкил қилади. Мураккаб терминларни икки ва кўп (уч, тўрт, беш, олти) компонентли терминлар сифатида гуруҳлаш мумкин.
4. ЖАТнинг грамматик хусусияти бошка терминларникидан маълум даражада фарқли. Уларда семантик муайянлик ва функционал чегараланганлик мавжуд. ЖАТнинг морфологик хусусияти ва синтактик имконияти асосларининг қайси сўз туркумига мансублигига ҳам боғлиқ. Семантик жиҳатдан эса табиий, ижтимоий ва абстракт жараёнларни англатувчи терминларга ажралади.
5. Ўзбек тилида ЖАТнинг маълум қисми моносемантик табиатли ва фақат бир соҳага тегишли. Улар, асосан, ўзлашма лексемалар асосида ясалган бўлиб, бир қисми рус тилида ҳам моносемантик бўлган байналмилал терминлардир. Полисемантик терминларнинг маъно микдори эса ҳар хил бўлиб, ҳосила маъноларнинг ҳаммаси бир маъно асосида юзага келавермайди. Жараён англатувчи полисемантик терминларнинг маъноларидан бири терминологик маъно, колганлари умумистеъмол маънолари ҳисобланади.
6. ЖАТ ўртасида хам синонимия, омонимия ва варианлилик кузатилади. Улардаги синонимия термин қўллаш билан боглик муаммоларни келтириб чикаради. ЖАТ тизимида лугавий ва грамматик омонимия мавжуд. Ихтисослашган маънолардаги терминларнинг асос маъно билан муносабатини тахлил килиш уларнинг полисемантик ва омонимик муносабатларига ойдинлик киритади. Вариантлилик бўлса, асосан, аффиксация натижасида вужудга келади.
7. Жараён англатувчи БТни тартибга солиш айни сохадаги муаммолар ечимига ёрдам беради. Бирикмали жараён терминлари билан боглик муаммолардан бири бирикманинг термин англатиши лозим бўлган тушунча моҳиятига уйғун бўлмаслигидир. Шунингдек, терминнинг шаклан узунлиги нутқнинг ихчамлигига зарар етказади, нуткий эллипсиснинг юзага келиш эхтимолини кучайтиради.
8. Узбек тилида ЖАТни бирдан ортик тушунча учун қўллаш, бир тушунчани турли терминлар билан ифода этиш, вариантлилик, ўзлаштирилган терминларнинг тушунча моҳиятини тўғри акс эттира олмаслиги, терминлардаги кўп компонентлилик, хорижий терминларнинг керагидан ортик даражада қўлланиши, айрим терминларнинг ёзилишидаги хар хиллик кабилар терминларни тартибга солиш борасида муайян ишларни амалга ошириш зарурлигини кўрсатади.

Topicality and relevance of the theme of the dissertation. Today’s researches in world linguistics being conducted on the basis of comparative-historical, systematic-structural and anthropocentric paradigms necessitates effective use of modem methods of analysis in solving problems of Uzbek linguistics. One of such urgent issues is the study of formal, substantial and pragmatic features of function words based on new scientific and theoretical views and methods. In world linguistics, explaining the functional specialization laws of independent words to functional words and revealing their pragmalinguistic, linguacultural, cthnolinguistic and psycholinguistic features arc an important factor in the development of the field.
The aim of the research is to define the status of the Uzbek language function words in the linguistic system, and to reveal their source and methods of enrichment, historical and evolutionary development, as well as functional-stylistic and substantial-pragmatic features.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
substantial-pragmatic characteristics of function words were identified by means of formal, substantial and discursive analysis methods;
the formation stages and functional-semantic features of function words in the Uzbek language were revealed;
the adoption of function words as words by native speakers and their grammatical function were substantiated;
a special role of grammaticalization phenomenon in transitioning independent lexemes to function words was established, and their general and specific grammatical meanings were clarified, suggesting that these units arc in the intermediate third place in the «word» - «morpheme» adversative;
the transition of functional parts of speech (auxiliary to conjunction, conjunction to particle, particle to conjunction) was substantiated, and the presence of a presuppositive sign in these units was identified;
as a result of applying formal, substantial and discursive analysis methods together, the function words were structurally classified in terms of form and task, and were based on about ten parameters;
it was proved that function words express different pragmatic meanings in the text to expose the author’s creative intentions, and it was substantiated that particles have a new task as «reviving» the text, and giving it a spirit of discourse;
as a result of the expansion of communicative opportunities of the Uzbek literary language, it was revealed with definite examples that, along with all the parts of speech, function words also contain new units increasing their grammatical and pragmatic possibilities; the differentiation of function word formations was analysed, proving in them the manifestation of the process of pragmatic specialisation based on synonymy.

The aim of the research work is to develop offers and the recommendations submitted on disclosure of the reasons and prerequisites of emergence of ethnopolitical problems in the Middle East, disclosure of influence of external and internal factors on regional security and also, their elimination.
Scientific novelty' of the research work is as follows:
-the fact that the ethnopolitical factor is important category of concepts of safety is opened in theoretical-methodical aspect;
-need of improvement of the international legal acts on settlement of ethnopolitical problems in the Middle East by introduction of the general concepts in relation to ethnic minority and definitions of its political legal status is proved;
-it is shown that fair ensuring participation in life of the state and society of ethnic minority in the countries of the Middle East, creation of necessary conditions for maintaining their rights and national peculiarity and also support in social and economic and cultural aspect are an important condition of ensuring balance of interests’ ethnic minority and the majority;
-offers on strengthening of mutual cooperation of the countries of the region in the solution of ethnopolitical problems in the Middle East within the Islamic organization of cooperation and the organizations of the Arab States League, coordination of views and approaches for solutions of these problems are developed.

The aim of the research work is increase the seismic resistance of the many-storied adjacent buildings in various structural systems with connecting the developed construction of the damper device, as well as expanding their area.
Scientific novelty of the research work consists in the following: a new damper device for connecting adjacent buildings was developed and created, which is a damper of seismic vibrations; the model describing the oscillations of the buildings under seismic influences has been improved, with reference to adjacent buildings, taking into account the properties of the interaction of the foundations with the ground base; a method for determining the rational parameters of a seismic protection damper; a method (principle) of connecting adjacent buildings with the help of a damper device is proposed; a technique for experimental research using the set of measuring instruments by DYTRAN (USA) was developed; established the regularity (rational places) of the connection of the damper device and substantiates the effectiveness of its application.

The aim of the research consists of studying and analyzing ontological and gnosiological peculiarities of philosophical ideas in “Avesta”on the basis of synergetic phenomena.
Scientific novelty of the research consists of the followings:
It reveals the significance of such categories of synergetic methodology as systemacy, complexity, non-linearity, selforganization in researching Avesta in the light of ontology and epistimology;
The system of sources, in particular, the advantages of approaching to the problem from the point of view of the harmony between order and chaos, irreversibility of the development, and whether the system under research is open or closed, is justified with examples;
Scientific conclusions, suggestions, and recommendations on conceptual influence of philosophical ideas in Avesta to the development of modem philosophical views, its role in spiritual selforganization of humans, bringing up the children in the spirit of patriotism and humanity;
In “Avesta” gnosiological peculiarities of individual's spiritual understanding in the sequence of feeling, knowing, realizing and activity arc revealed.

The urgency and relevance of the topic of the dissertation. In literary theory at world level special value is given to research of original features of poetics of a novel and its place in development of national artistic thinking. For the traditional values, defining national mentality, are reflected first of all in the written literature. Attractiveness of language of the work provides its content and art level. At reflexion of reality of the validity by means of creation of an image, revealing of various properties of character and actions of a personage, it is difficult for a writer to achieve noticeable successes by effective transfer of a creative plan and idea.
With acquiring the independence by our country the special attention began to be paid to the fiction shown as a result of creative thinking of the master of a word, its place and a role in society development, particularly, in spiritual moral and intellectual upbringing of the younger generation. The forthcoming "important task of raising our work to a new level on the wide dissemination of the culture of reading among the youth, inculcation the feelings of love for the book and strengthening of immunity against the ideas alien to our people"105 shows that the fiction is the system of values carrying out especially important social function.
Studying the samples of national literature on the basis of the latest scientific theoretical concepts of world literary theory, particularly, the research of types of artistic speech in the Karakalpak novels, allows to make new conclusions about a composition and stylistic features of the poetic text. The important components in the structure of a literary work, as a theme, idea, plot, composition, conflict are shown through artistic speech and act as the main factor in the realization of the writer’s creative message. At the same time, research of poetics of the art speech having great value in providing a literary work with high artistry on the basis of the latest scientific concepts of modern literary theory is one of the perspective directions in studying the artistry of a literary text.
This dissertation research will definitely contribute to the fulfillment of tasks provided by a number of normative - legal acts, such as the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan of February 16, 2017 under No PD 4958 "On further enhancement of the postgraduate education system" and the Resolution of die President of the Republic of Uzbekistan under No PD-2789 dated February 17, 2017 "About the measures for further enhancement of activities of Academy of Sciences, the organization, management and financing of research activives ", as well as the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan under No RCM-222 of October 7, 2010 "On the approval of the State Program for the protection, preservation, propaganda and rational use of non material cultural heritage for 2010-2020" and other documents related to this field of activity.
The aim of the research is to define the scientific-theoretical bases of poetics of artistic speech in the Karakalpak novels of the 1980s and 2010s, the disclosure of its artistic-aesthetic significance and stylistic function in compositional construction of the work.

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. In the conditions of a sustainable water scarcity and deterioration of the meliorative state of irrigated lands in the process of irrigation erosion, it is important to expand scientific research on increasing the productivity of lands affected by irrigation erosion.
The aim of the research work. The aim of the research work is the improvement of the water-resource-saving, soil-concerning, ecologically safely technology of cotton irrigation on lands affected by irrigation erosion.
Scientific novelty of the research work: for the first time in the condition of typical serozem soils, affected by irrigation erosion the elements of cotton irrigation technology with constant water supply and discrete technology with straw mulching of irrigation furrows has been improved.;
the optimal elements of furrow irrigation technology such as the discharge of water in furrows, irrigation time and duration, indicators of cotton consumption during the irrigation on straw mulched furrows with constant supply stream and discrete technology were developed;
the positive effect of constant supply stream and discrete technology with straw mulching on agrophysical and agrochemical properties of soil were identified;
the improving quality of furrow irrigation were raised, soil losses and nutrient content during the constant stream irrigation and discrete technology with straw mulching were increased;
the influence of straw mulching on temperature, gas and microbiological conditions of soil were determined.

The aim of the research work is the definition of systematic arrangement, phylogenetic relationship of wild, ruderal, tropical and subtropical subspecies and forms of the polymorphic species of the cotton (G.herbaceum L., G.arboreum L.) of the genus Gossypium and the possibility of using in applied breeding.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
the degree of phylogenetic related-relatedness between the ruderal form ssp.pseudoarboreum f.harga and a subspecies ssp.pseudoarboreum of the species G.herbaceum L. was determined and f.harga was proved to raise on the level of subspecies;
the degree of phylogenetic related-relatedness between the tropical form of the ssp.neglectum f.sanguineum and a subspecies of the ssp.neglectum species G.arboreum L. was determined and fsanguineum as proved to raise on the level of subspecies;
scientifically proved that ruderal subspecies ssp.pseudoarboreum of the species G.herbaceum L. is phylogenetically related to the species G.arboreum L. and was proved that these species are related to the subspecies;
for the first time it was defined that the character of inheritance of the morpho-biological and valuable agronomic traits of the intraspecific and interspecific hybrids Fi, F2; and the degree of correlative relationship between some morphological and agronomic traits;
a scheme was worked out which determines the degree of phylogenetic relationship of intraspecific varieties of G.herbaceum L. and G.arboreum L. which facilitate the selection of the source of genetic materials that increase the efficiency of genetic and breeding research;

The aim of the research work is determination of phylogenetic relationships between Australian and Indochinese diploid cotton species and obtaining of the valuable sources on the basis of use of methods of interspecies hybridization and experimental polyploidy.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
for the first time, the phylogenetic relationships between the Australian and Indochinese diploid cotton species was determined;
on the basis of methods of interspecific hybridization, cytocmbryology, comparative morphology the new phylogenetic system of diploids Australian and Indo-chincnsc cotton species was developed and their systematic position was specified;
on the basis of interspecific hybridization and experimental polyploidy hybrid forms with new genotypes were raised to the hexapioid level, the possibilities of their effective use in genetic and breeding research were determined;
for the first time, the character of inheritance and variability of morphobiolo-cal and economically valuable traits of the introgressive hybrids G.hirsutum ssp. euhirsutum (Namangan 77) x (ssp. obtusifolium var. indicum x G.australe), G.hirsutum ssp. euhirsutum (Kelajak) x (ssp. nanking (with white fiber) x G.nelsonii) were opened.

Topicality and necessity of the theme. Since the end of the 20th century began to pay great attention to the study of oral and written literary heritage of our ancestors. In particular, the composition of the critical texts of literary sources, the study of their contents and introduce the results of the study to the the scientific community have actual character. Especially, the deeply study of the life, activity, thoughts and order of Khoja Ahmad Yassawi, who took important place in spiritual, cultural and literary heritage of Turkic people became relevant in the consciousness of the people.
The name, order and wise sayings (aphorisms) of Khoja Ahmad Yassawi were wellknown and popular among Turkic people. Since he left an inextinguishable trace in spiritual and cultural life of the Turkic peoples, for centuries it had a huge impact not only on the spirituality of the peoples of Turkistan, also other Turkic peoples. By this reason Sufi teachings and poetry of Yassawi are studied in many countries.
When talking about Ahmad Yassawi should pay attention to some aspects of his historical mission. In first, Yassawi was a great scholar of Islam and a propogandist of Shariat law. Because first of all, he tried to change the moral life and thoughts of the Turkic peoples through wise sayings and then call them to Islam. Yassawi was a greatest person who made a huge contribution to the religious (Islamic) education of not only the Central Asian people, but also of all the Turkic peoples. In second, Yassawi was the first person among Turks, who founded his order which called Yassawiya. His order by its language and principles was the Turkic Sufi order. In third, Yassawi was also a founder of Turkic Sufi poetry. Wise sayings of Yassawi include folk, simple, easy and coherent samples of poetry, and they had special place in the spiritual development of the Turkic peoples. The famous Turkish scientist F.Koprulu, who studied the heritage of Yassawi, emphasized that, the «Dewan-i-Hikmat» («The collection of wise sayings») is the first ancient sample of Turkic Sufi literature, which harmoniously combined popular oral traditions and Sufi religious spirit147. In fourth, the tradition of wise sayings continued by his followers till nearest days. Scholars as Suleiman Baqirgani, Nematullah, Khalis, Ubaydi, Darwesh Ali, Kul Nazar, Shams, Azim Khoja were famous representatives of wise sayings tradition who wrote imitations or answers to the heritage of Yassawi in verse. In fifth, valuable compositions written after death of Yassawi such as «Risala dar tarjima-i Ahmad Yassawi» of Signaki, «Khadikat ul-arifin» of Khoja Is’haq, «Jawakhir al-abrar», «Manba’ ul-abhar», «Jami ul-murshidin», «Khujjat al-abran> of Hazini, «Lamakhat» of Alim Shaikh, «Khujjat al-zakirin» of Mukhammad Sharif Bukhari, «Samarat al-mashayih» ofZinda Ali, «Tarikhi mashayih ut-turk» of Marginani highlighted his life, activity, order and educative toughts. The order and wise sayings of Yassawi had a strong influence on the development of literature and culture in general on the spiritual life of the Turkic peoples. Paying attention to this factor, in particular, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov said that: «When we express the name of Khoja Ahmad Yassawi, each of us feels a special pride. His activities as a measure of wisdom and justice, integrates and consolidates all the peoples of Turkestan»148.
It is known that, the most ancient copies of wise sayings (hikmat) of Yassawi not preserved till our days. And this factor creates a number of problems in determining of the author of «Dewan-i hikmat» («Collection of wise sayings»). An absence of the most ancient copies should not be a reason of ignoring studies of wise sayings. Since not only in Turkish literature, as well as in the world literature there are works in which questions about their authors has not found final decision. In our opinion, researches and publications of wise sayings rewritten and copied under pseudonyms of Yassawi or Qul Khoja Ahmad should be carried out within the framework of the researches dedicated to the study of the heritage of Yassawi. Wise sayings as written monument in Turkic are an inseparable part of the best examples of world literature. Unresolved questions of the authorship can not be reasons of ignoring the study of them. Therefore, the continuation of the tradition of writing of dicta spread among the Turkic peoples after the death of Yassawi showed that the heritage of Yassawi must find its worthy place in the history of Uzbek (Turkic) classical literature along with such greats as Alisher Navoi, Muhammad Fuzuli and others. In this case, it requires to carry out a large amount of work on the study of Yassawi. The relevance of the study is determined by the above factors.
Purpose of the study. It is known that through bypassing the research works about Yassawi and sources stored in libraries cannot be done a significant work about his life, creativity and order. On the basis of data of compositions written in the Medieval Ages and Modem researches in our dissertation we have tried to explore social, spiritual, cultural and literary environment of the period of Yassawi, and the life and literary heritage of the great Sheikh.
The research goal is to highlight issues such as a review of works of foreign historians about Yassawi and his followers; an introduction of new sources belonged to the heritage of Yassawi in the scientific use; compiling scientific biography of Yassawi; clarification author’s question in «Dewani hikmat»; the study of continuity of wise sayings’ traditions in Uzbek literature. Since, the solution of abovementioned problems contributes to a clarification of controversial aspects of the life, creativity and order of Yassawi.
Scientific novelty of the research:
- Were studied works of eastern and western authors devoted to the heritage of Yassawi, also developed summarized findings and conclusions;
- were entered into scientific usage many scientific, historical and hagiographical sources stored in foreign countries and our native land, and deeply investigated and analyzed;
- on the base of current primary sources were learnt important questions belonged to the life, activity, order and dicta; solved its decision the problem of authorship of wise sayings;
- Some thoughts about Yassawi’s dicta took place in above sources compared with quatrains of «Dewani hikmat»;
- In first time composed a biography of Yassawi;
- investigated the history of creation and development of wise sayings’ tradition in Uzbek literature, also lives and creativities of followers.

The aim of the research work. To evaluate “Codex Cumanicus” as the common written monument of the Turkic nations from the historical and philological point of view and to fulfill its textual analysis.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
The scientific importance of the words in “Codex Cumanicus” in the history of the development of the Uzbek language and there genetic relations with other words in Turkic literature, particularly, similarity of more than 780 Cuman words with the vocabulary of modem Uzbek language were found;
New Turkic versions of the riddles existed in the manuscript, and their translations in the Uzbek language were found in the result of comparative-typological analysis;
In the history of Turkic studies scientific Latin information and interpretation of the Cuman language grammar were introduced into the science for the first time, their Uzbek translations were done.
Some confusion on the history of discovery and study of the written monument and the historical facts that have connections of its appearing in European libraries were made more precise;
The scribers’ activities who took part in writing the first part of the monument and the reasons that cause errors in the manuscript were substantiated with new facts;

The aim of the research work is integration methods of a vehicles engine nth the automobile mechatronic system by using neural networks.
Scientific novelty of the research work consists in the following: it has been developed the methodology of a car engine integration with the automobile mechatronic system by using neural networks; there has been made a new method of data analysis and their transfer to the control systems (with neuronal networks dispersion); for the first time it has been brought the control algorithm with a mechatronic system for different classes of cars, which combines aggregate data analysis and optimal regime selection - 3.0 in its generation; The mechatronic adapter model for the engine ignition system has been developed and justified its parameters; Engine model management model has been developed through the use of neural networks; there has been developed methods of selection based on neural networks integration in the control system and a systematization law has been found.

The aim of the research is to improve calculation methods of the resource of metal span structures operated in railway bridges on the basis of technical diagnostics of the actual state of the structures.
The scientific novelty of the dissertation research is the following: there has been improved methods for determining the causes of defects and damages during the construction and operation of span structures with solid scientifical ground on their bases; there has been an improvement of dependencies for the description of the measure of damage accumulation on the basis of the experimentally determined friction coefficient/; formulas for calculating the resource of span structures have been improved with application of the main provisions of the theory of damage accumulation; there has been a development of the method of estimating the residual life of the exploited metal span structures from the data of technical diagnostics of the actual state of structures.

The aim of the research is to develop proposals and recommendations for improving the content and educational technologies of distance qualification upgrading for teachers of physics in comprehensive schools.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
state educational standards have been improved on the basis of the state definition of the composition of the initial, basic and general levels of the study of physics, the requirements for content and quality of distance education, factors for the development of communicative competencies in working with information, research, creative, design competences and competencies for self-development;
on the basis of the didactic requirements for the development of the content of distance qualification upgrading the methodological support of distance courses aimed at increasing the level of professional training of physics teachers was developed;
improved the methodology for organizing and conducting laboratory works, demonstration experiments, solving physics problems in an integrated natural and virtual form in conditions of distance qualification upgrading of physics teachers;
the didactic model of the distance qualification upgrading of physics teachers is improved on the basis of the specification of the content of the target, conceptual, technological, evaluation and control components;
distance learning technologies have been developed to increase the level of professional competence of physics teachers aimed at studying the state of methodological training and working on the established shortcomings in the course of professional activities of physics teachers.

The aim of research work is isolation of the flavonoids from plants Scutellaria haematochlora Juz., Scutellaria immaculata Nevski & Juz., Scutellaria nepetoides Popov, Scutellaria ocellata Juz., determining of their chemical structures and pharmacological properties.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
It is isolated 28 flavonoids from the plants S. ocellata Juz., S. immaculata Nevski & Juz., S. haematochlora Juz., 5. nepetoides Popov: 15 glycosides and 13 aglycons;
It is determined that 25 substances from the isolated substances belong to the flavones, 2 of them to flavanones and one is to flavonols;
It is established that chemical structure of three new flavonglicosides (nepetoside A, immaculoside and wogonin-7-O-p-D-glucopyranoside);
It is provided the X-ray crystallographic analysis of the crystals and was determined the formation of crystallohydrate of wogonimwater in a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1.37.

The aim of the research work is to isolate individual ecdysteroids from plants of the family Caryophyllaceae and Lamiaceae, obtaining new derivatives by modification, determination of their chemical structure and biological activity.
The scientific novelty of the work is as follows:
34 individual ecdysteroids from new sources were isolated - 14 species of plants of the family Caryophyllaceae and Lamiaceae, identified by LJV, 1R, *H, l3C NMR (DEPT, HETCAR experiments) specters, mass spectrometry;
a scheme for the isolation of ecdysteroids and iridoids from the aerial plant organs of Dianthus angrenicus (family Caryophyllaceae), Eremostachys baissunensis (family Lamiaceae) has been developed and identified their immunomodulating, accelerating the regenerative activity of the tissue;
based on ciasterone, turcesterone, 20-hydroxyecdysone, 2-deoxy-a-ecdysone, 43 new ecdysteroid derivatives were synthesized and on their basis the possibility of creating medicines with hypoglycemic and antifungal activity is shown;
new derivatives of 20-hydroxyecdysone with hypoglycemic activity were synthesized, this was achieved by replacing 2, 3, 20, 22 hydroxy groups with acetyl groups;
in vitro conditions, the activity of Candida antifungals of 2,22-derivatives was proved to replace hydroxyl groups with hexanesulfonic groups.

The urgency and relevance of the theme of dissertation. Viral diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly of rotavirus diarrhea today remains a medical and social problem in the world. Worldwide incidence of rotavirus diarrhoea persists at high levels. According to the world health organization, rotavirus diarrhea occurs mainly in early childhood and occurs with severe hypovolemia, which can lead to severe complications and death. Of all registered in the etiology of acute intestinal infections rotaviral diarrhea account for 30-50%.
The aim of the research work
The aim of the research work to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological significance of rotavirus infection and to study the molecular genetic characteristics of rotaviruses in Uzbekistan.
Scientific novelty of a research:
- for the first time on the territory of Uzbekistan studied the characteristics and nature of the clinical course of rotavirus infection;
- for the first time was determined the correlation of bacterial contamination of surface waters and tap water with the level of incidence of ОС as a whole and RVI;
- for the first time studied the molecular genetic analysis and typing of genotypes of rotaviruses circulating on the territory of the republic.
- for the first time was determined the sequence of nucleotides VP4 and VP7 of rotavirus proteins by the sequencing method.
- It was determine the nature of the clinical course of rotavirus infection, depending on the genotypes of rotaviruses;
- for the first time assessed the economic effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination.

The aim of the research work is to make an inventory of quantitative and qualitative composition of the biodiversity of ground vertebrates in various ecosystems of the South Aral Sea region, to reveal the structure of the population and study the ecological adaptation of birds and mammals to the conditions of the anthropogenic habitats.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
It has been estimated that the modern specific difference of the vertebrates of the the South Aral Sea region consists of reptiles - 33 species, birds - 317, mammals - 67 species;
The index numbers of the studied group of animals has been established for the first time through the Kyzylkum, Usturt regions and the Lower Amu-Darya and has been comparatively rated of the conditions of habitats of the Aral ecological crisis;
For the first time large breeding colony of Flamingos (Phoenicopterus roseus) have been studied in Sudochi lake systems in Uzbekistan and the peculiarities of its breeding biology;
For the first time the peculiarities of omitho-fauna of artificial saxaul plantations on dried bottom of the Aral Sea have been established;
It has been found out the influence of drying-out of the Aral Sea on the reduction of specific diversity, slackening of gene pool, disturbance of aged numerical recurrence of mass animal species;
It has been revealed the decrease in fertility of polyestral species of small mammals in the Kyzylkum and in Usturt in different periods of ecological crisis.

The aim of the research work includes researching biological and ecological peculiarities of Sunn Pest, to approve its natural killer species structure and importance scientifically, to define biological efficiency of modern insecticides.
The novelty of the research is as follows:
in approves of Sunn Pest in all grades developing periods and duration, hibernate and reproducing peculiarities, Sunn Pest biological potential is associated with its weight;
it was defined that in Sunn Pest imago doing parasite Phasia flyies 3-grey Phasia (Phasia subcoleoptrata), striped Phasia (Ectophasia crassipennis), lightdark Phasia (Helomiya lateralis) species and importance of forbidding their Sunn Pest quantity;
at first Sunn Pest egg parasites species structure was defined, then it was clarified their “parasite-host” relationships;
in Uzbekistan condition Aspergillus flavus (Link.), Scopulariopsis brevicaulus (Sacc.) Bain., Paecilomyces sp., Cordyceps sp. fungus species were defined as a importance of Sunn Pest;
it was approved Beauveria brangniarti VD-85 shtamm of entomopathogen fungus is pathogen comparatively to imagos and larvae of Sunn Pest;
the phonological calendar was made for developing effective of fighting to Sunn Pest in agro enosis of autumn wheat;
it was clarified that the biological efficiency of insecticides which belongs to different groups comparatively to Sunn Pest.

The aim of the research is to study isotherms and full thermodynamic behaviours of gases and vapours on zeolite type of HZSM-5.
The scientific novelty of the research work is the following:
there have been presented the precision data of isotherms and complete thermodynamic behaviours (A/7, AF and AS) adsorption of n-heptane, carbon dioxide, benzene, orthos-, meta- and pair-xylene in HZSM-5 zeolite, as well as accordance of two- and t trinomial equations on theory of volume filling of micro pores (VOM) by stepped behaviour has been proved;
there has been established the stepped behaviour of adsorption heat of n-heptane, carbon dioxide, benzene, orthos-, meta- and pair-xylene with mutual adsorptive correlation of high stages of H’ heat in the zeolites;
there has found the dependency of zeolites’ structure upon adsorptive properties of n- heptane, carbon dioxide, benzene, orthos-meta- and pair- xylene on HZSM-5 zeolites, that is accurate numbers of hydrogen cations and their localization;
there has been proved screen arrangement of hydrogen cations in the crystalline structure of HZSM-5. In the process adsorption during the formation of various ion-molecular complexes migration of hydrogen cations on sides and the main canals of the zeolites structures is shown, as well. It is observed that filling hydrogen cations by sides canals due to their minimum sizes.

The aim of the research work is development of technology of obtaining thermally activated and composite coal adsorbents based on local brown Angren coals, their application for cleaning industrial effluents from organic and inorganic substances, with acid treatment of Baysun and Shargun coals of reception sulfonated coal adsorbents for extraction of non-ferrous and precious metals from technological solutions of mining and metallurgical industries.
Scientific novelty of the research work. The scientific novelty of the study consists of the following items:
the technology of obtaining of sulfonated adsorbents by acid activation of the Baysun coals with use oleum - FbSO^SCh) - 10-12% in the replacement of the used oleum - H2SO4(SOs) - 19-20% with a sorption capacity on ions Cu2+ and Ag+ in 1.3-1.5 times more, than that used in industry imported activated coal was developed;
the highly effective method of wastewater treatment from oil products with use of the selective thermally activated adsorbent received by pyrolysis was created (at a temperature of 5OO-55O°C for 1-1.5 hours without air access) from low-ash Angren coal;
the conditions for cleaning industrial effluents from organic substances (polyphenols, chloride compounds, etc.) using a thermally activated carbon adsorbent activated by the vapor-gas method at 800°C in a current of 1 hour arc grounded;
a method for softening the rigidityof industrial wastewater, using a carbon adsorbent of modified СаСОз is developed;
the technology of complex multistage clearing of industrial effluents and ways of secondary application of the fulfilled adsorbents in various sectors of the national economy of the Republic is developed.

The aim of the research work is to study the mechanism of adsorption, thermokinetics, and isotherms of illite and rutile with various molecules using a high-vacuum adsorption calorimeter.
The scientific novelty of dissertational research consists in the following:
the information has been obtained with a high degree of accuracy with respect to the complete thermodynamic descriptions and isotherms of the adsorption of water, carbon monoxide (IV) and benzene in illite, and also water in rutile (AH, AF and AS), and the stepwise determination of the change in adsorption heat studied during the filling of the surface of systems;
the molecular mechanism of water adsorption, carbon monoxide (IV), benzene in illite over the entire area of rutile filling has been analyzed;
the movement of illite along the surface of the basal and lateral has been determined under the effect of polar molecules of water, carbon monoxide (IV) and benzene on the basis of filling the free six- and nine-dimensional (illitic) free cells of Na+ in the form of H2O/Na+, as well as with the formation of the six-dimensional complex QH^/Na* (illite);
the chemical interrelation of the adsorption of water molecules in the rutile has been determined, specifically, when hydrogen is interrelated with the donoracceptor. The water molecules absorption in the rutile in grants [110] has been detected by 50% chemisorption and 50% molecular adsorption.

Aim of the study. To optimize modem approaches to diagnosis in patients with Alzheimer's disease in the early stages.
Scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
it is proven that progressive development of hypo and amnesic conditions in patients with AD at an early stages arc linked to the changes of higher nervous activity;
(DHEA-s) is essential biomarkcr in the diagnosis of early stage of AD, it informed about the presence of risk of AD even if at the absence of considerable clinical signs and plays important role in differential diagnosis of the cognitive disfunctions at CCI;
external hydrocephaly, cortical diffuse atrophy, hippocamp atrophy and medical surface atrophy of temporal bone were determined in MRI of the brain, medical surface of temporal bone and these clinical signs were progressed as long as ncurodcgcncrativc process aggravates in the later stage of AD;
differential critcrions of the ncuroimaging and neuropsychologic parameters arc detected in both early and late stages of AD and CCI.

Topicality and necessity of the thesis. Today in the world of fast-paced semiconductor micro - and optoelectronics one of the promising directions is the study of the properties of impurities that create a variety of defective centers in semiconductors. In this respect, research aimed at studying the influence of refractory impurities on the electrophysical properties of silicon structures and the development of measures to improve the thermal stability and radiation resistance parameters of silicon MIS-structures are one of the main tasks.
Studying the interaction between impurity particles and structural defects in the semiconductor, the influence of heterogeneity of structure of a MIS-structure on the redistribution of impurities opens up the possibility of increasing the stability of the operating parameters of the circuits based on MIS-structures are the basic elements of modem electronics. In this respect, the task of scientific research, including in the following areas: the study of electrophysical properties of semiconductors alloyed with refractory elements and identification of deep levels generated by these impurities; the study of the influence of atoms of refractory elements in the processes of thermal and radiation defect formation in silicon; studies of the interaction atmostpheric elements with uncontrolled technological impurities; study of influence of atoms of refractory elements on the parameters of the various silicon structures. Research carried out in this direction indicate the relevance of the topic of this thesis.
The aim of research work is to comprehensive study with the help of capacitance spectroscopy electrophysical properties of Si doped with impurities in some refractory elements, in particular, atoms Zr, Ti and Hf, their interactions with other electrically active and neutral impurities in silicon, influence of impurities on properties of silicon structures.
Scientific novelty of research consist in the following: it is shown that the efficiency of the education levels of Zr, Ti, Hf in Si depends on technological regimes (temperature and duration of diffusion, and the speed postdiffusion cooling the samples);
discovered that silicon, doped with impurities of refractory elements in the grown, deep levels are not observed, but subsequent high-temperature treatment in the temperature range 1000-И 250°C leads to the activation of atoms of Zr, Ti, Hf, and the formation of deep levels.
it is established that the introduction of diffusion of impurities refractory elementov leads to a decrease in the efficiency of formation of thermal and radiation defects and stabilization of parameters of silicon;
for the first time found that the presence of rare earth impurities (lanthanum or holmium) in the lattice of Si increases the effectiveness of education deep levels, connected with additionally introduced by the hafnium, titanium or zirconium;
it is established that the presence of impurities Zr, Ti and Hf in the amount of the substrate silicon MIS structures, leads to a shift of the HF C-V curves toward negative displacements in comparison with control samples, which indicates an increase in the density of surface States of MIS structures and the formation of positive charge at the interface Si-SiCK

The aim of the research is to study the process of parliamentary control institute improvement in the country within the period of independence on the basis of democratic principles and values.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
proposals were made to improve the effectiveness of parliamentary control, based on the active participation of citizens in the discussion of draft laws and ongoing monitoring of implementation of laws;
the effectiveness of the mechanism of parliamentary control in the conduct of experts independent examination for the objectivity and reliability of information reflected in the draft laws, decrees and government programs submitted to the parliament;
the stages, principles, theoretical and conceptual foundations of parliamentary control of the institute of parliamentary control as the main function of the parliament's development in the political system and its main function have been systematically disclosed;
based on the essence of democratic reforms and good international practices in Uzbekistan, proposals and recommendations have been developed on the basis of harmonizing the parliamentary control efforts with public control as well as its improvement in the process of deepening democratic reforms in Uzbekistan;

The aim of the research is to find the basic physical regularities of selfaggregation of Cwiand C70 fullerenes molecules in a number of organic solvents, as well as their influence on optical and nonlinear optical properties of solutions.
The scientific novelty of the research consists of the following:
Structural and dimensional features of nanoaggregates (C^m and (C70)m in solutions prepared in two different ways - equilibrium and strongly nonequilibrium - were studied by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and atomic-force microscopy methods;
The most likely models of self-aggregation molecules of and in organic solvents were proposed;
Correlations between the processes of nonlinear rotation of polarization ellipse, change of electronic absorption spectra of solutions of fullerenes and processes of self-aggregation molecules of C«), C70 in solutions were demonstrated;
Implementation of the research results. On the basis of the results of a study of the clusterization of C«) and C70 fullerenes molecules in solutions, as well as their influence on optical and nonlinear optical properties of solutions:
scientific results obtained in the course of experimental studies of the effect of nonlinear self-rotation of the ellipse of polarization of high-intensity light pulses in solutions of C7o fullerene in various organic solvents that were used to determine and compare the exact calculated theoretical values of the nonlinear parameters of condensed matter within the framework of the grant project No F-2-49 on the topic “Quasisynchronous interactions of ultra-short laser pulses in media with spatial modulation of quadratic and cubic nonlinear susceptibilities” (Reference No. FTA-02-11/527 of Agency for Science and Technology the Republic of Uzbekistan dated August 23, 2017). The use of scientific results made it possible to establish contributions of nonlinear additives to the refractive index, as well as nonlinear optical susceptibilities of condensed media;
scientific results obtained in the study of the self-assembly and selfaggregation of fullerene and molecules in solutions by high-sensitivity electron microscopy and optical spectroscopy methods that were used in determining the spectral characteristics of the "porphyrin-ftillerene" supramolecular compound, and also in evaluating the energy efficiency of charge separation of a given compound within the framework of the grant project No F2-FA-F147+F139 on the topic “The study of the physical mechanisms of highly efficient conversion of direct and concentrated solar radiation in the primary processes of photosynthesis” (Reference No. FTA-02-11/650 of Agency for Science and Technology the Republic of Uzbekistan dated September 14, 2017). The use of scientific results made it possible to estimate the energy efficiency of the flux of photo induced electrons in supramolecular compounds.
The structure and volume of the dissertation. The dissertation is presented on 130 pages consisting of an introduction, four chapters, a conclusion and a list of references.

The aim of the research work, theoretical studies of the temperature dependence of photovoltaic characteristics of solar cells prepared on the basis of amorphous hydrogenated silicon (a-Si: H) and comparison with experimental results.
The object of the research work. The object of the study arc solar cells based on hydrogenated amorphous silicon, new equations of photovoltaic characteristics of solar cells on temperature and experimental data available in the scientific literature.
Scientific novelty of the research w ork.
A new expression formula is obtained for the open-circuit voltage from temperature using the semiempirieal method;
A new expression formula is derived for the temperature dependence of the short-circuit current density;
A new expression formula was obtained for the photoconductivity of the photoconductivity of solar cells and the dependence of this parameter on temperature was investigated;
New formulas arc derived for the temperature dependence of the effective voltage, current density, and power; it shows the correspondence between the calculated data and the experimental results;
For the first time, the dependence of the photovoltaic characteristics on the height of the potential barrier and on the photovoltaics non-idcality coefficient was researched.
Implementation of the research results. Based on the theoretical study of the temperature dependence of the photovoltaic characteristics of solar cells based on hydrogenated silicon: the results of a theoretical calculation of the temperature dependence of the photovoltaic characteristics of a solar cell based on amorphous hydrogenated silicon;
methods for determining the optimum working temperature of solar cells based on amorphous silicon and the effect of temperature on the dependence of the duty cycle of the light volt-ampere characteristics of solar cells;
were used by scientists of the Andijan State University to determine the influence of quantum effects on the processes of photogcncration and recombination in the implementation of a scientific grant of fundamental research on the subject OT-F2-28 "Quantum-dimensional effects on the surface and in the volume of doped silicon, and their effect on the photogcncration and recombination processes of carriers charge in p-n structures "(2007-2011) (reference No. FTA-02-11 / 478 of the Agency of Science and Technology of the Republic of Uzbekistan from 2017 on august 14). The use of scientific results made it possible to explain the temperature dependence of the photoelectric characteristics of solar cells.
The structure and the volume of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, four chapters, conclusion, a list of references. The text of the thesis is presented on 130 pages of typewritten text, including 39 figures and 3 tables.

The aim of the study is an ecological analysis and identification of the main directions of the morpho-ecological adaptation and fodder specialization and ecological classification of the aphids of Eastern Fergana.
I he object of the study is the fauna of aphids and the afidocomplexes of intensive gardens in Eastern Fergana.
The scientific novelty of the study is as follows:
for the first time, a taxonomic catalog of aphids of 200 species and 4 subspecies of Eastern Fergana belonging to 76 genera and 7 families was compiled, including 1 new species (Callipterinella ferganica Akhmedov et Khusanov) and 1 subspecies (Euceraphis pilosa arslanbobica Akhmedov et Khusanov) for science, 1 genus (Callipterinella) and 67 species for fauna;
the presence of aphids in peach leaves - a new food plant - Cerasus awium and Cerasus mahaleb;
specific features of the specialization of aphids of Eastern Fergana to the fodder plant in the "parasite-host" system were determined;
morphological and ecological orientations of the aphids of Eastern Fergana in the "parasite-host" system have been determined;
on the basis of the phenomenon of transgression, the parameters of ecological niches of ecologically similar species arc revealed;
species composition of ethnofauna of intensive apple orchards and stages of formation of ethnocomplexes are determined;
the degree of economic damage to aphids, as well as the degree of effectiveness of entomophages, is proved;
improved methods of combating orthoptcran-proboscis insects of intensive apple orchards.
. Implementation of the research results. On the basis of scientific results on the fauna of the aphids of Eastern Fergana and its morpho-ecological properties:
practical recommendations on the organization of measures to protect against pests of intensive apple orchards, which enable to grow ecologically clean products, are introduced into the practice of intensive apple orchards and forestry. (Certificate of the Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources 02/20-449 of September 7, 2017). The results contribute to a sharp reduction in the use of pesticides and increased yields.
Ethnomo complexes of intensive apple orchards in Eastern Fergana, the features of the formation of agrocenoses, protecting apple orchards from orthopteran-trunk insects have been introduced into the State Plant Quarantine Inspectorate (Reference 50-04-759 of the State Plant Quarantine Inspection dated October 5, 2017). The results contributed to the prevention of foreign penetration and spread of dangerous aphid species on the territory of the Republic, as well as the use of complex methods of combating them.
Structure and volume of the dissertation. The structure of the dissertation consists of an introduction, five chapters, conclusion, a list of used literature and applications. The volume of the thesis is 110 pages.

The aim of the research work is to improve the system of forming the sociolinguistic competence of future English teachers.
Scientific novelty of the research work: on the basis of the author's approach the scientific-pedagogical interpretation of the essence and content of the concepts “competence”, “sociolinguistic competence” is given, a typology of sociolinguistic competence is defined;
revealed great innovative pedagogical technologies of the possibility of forming social communicative competence in accordance with the principles of studying foreign languages in the preparation of future English teachers;
the linguodidactical structure of the formation of the sociolinguistic competence of future English teachers in the process of independent education on the basis of state standards and all-European requirements (CEFR) is clarified;
Indicators that determine the level of sociolinguistic competence of future English teachers and English language teachers of higher education institutions have been developed, created the portfolio of the future English teacher and the professiogram (professional portrait) of the English language teacher;
on the basis of the experience of the international British Council and monitoring of professional activities, the educational content of retraining and advanced training of English teachers of higher education institutions have been improved.

The aim of research is to improve the didactic system for competence-based training of future master students.
The scientific novelty of the research consists of the following:
set the target, content and structural parameters of didactic support, influencing the development of competence of future masters;
developed the basic requirements for a didactic support, aimed at integrating professional knowledge, intensification and individualization of learning, formation of competence-based experience and improvement of creative potentials of master students,
formed a personality model of a graduated master student, adapted to the competency-based training;
identified levels of modernization of the didactic support for competencybased training of masters: at the level of goal setting - creative learning plan containing integrated disciplines; at the level of content - competency-based educational-methodical complexes; on the level of technology - creative learning system; on the level of assessment of learning outcomes - complex pedagogical diagnostics of development of competences;
improved the structure and content of the system of complex of pedagogical diagnostics, which includes the entry stage, term stage and attestation stages of the development of competence of future masters.

The aim of the research is to enhance distance learning professional development system of public education personnel of institutions of advanced training.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
Mechanism of formulating teaching content of the professional development courses of public education personnel based on the professional needs have been elaborated through defining indicators and parameters concerned to the professional career, specifying evaluation criteria and cohering functional factors;
Tchnology of identifying the components of teaching content of varietal professional development, targeted to maximize providing professional needs based on elements of approach have created;
Indicators and parameters of the competitive requirements mandated the readiness quality of the personnel for the effective learning conditions in the Distance Learning Professional Development of Public Education Personnel basing on the requirements of adaptation have defined;
The contents of the integrative model and the organizational components of the educational process have been improved based on optimizing educational standards and systematization of motivational activities of the subjects of the system of Distance Learning Professional Development of Public Education Personnel.

The aim of the research work is to reveal national and common sides of dialogic speech in the rhetoric aspect of the English and Uzbek languages.
Novelty of the research includes the following:
linguistic units refcring to the phonetic, morphological, lexical, syntactic language levels that have an impact on speech efficiency in English and Uzbek were proven;
paralinguistic and parakinctic means expressing common and differencial sides of dialogic rhetoric were revealed in conducted languages;
linguistic means determining the national and cultural peculiarities of dialogic rhetoric were determined in linguocultural and gender aspects;
differences of the usage frequency of the linguistic means referring to the most frequently used topics in dialogic rhetoric were identified;
the linguistic units expressing positive and negative meanings in dialogic rhetoric of conducted languages were proven.

The aim of the research work is to study the representation of English and Uzbek universal and national linguaculturcms in literary translation.
The scientific novelty of the research work:
the core and peripheries in lexic-semantic field of universal linguaculturcms (happiness, joy, luck, sadness, бахт, шодлик, омад, қайгу) and national (dignity, тўй) linguaculturcms in lexicographic, conceptual and comparison analyses have been substantiated;
the extent of exploiting synonyms and antonyms of linguaculturcms, and their significance in translation have been identified; moreover, the strategies of choosing the words in translation have been developed.
the dependence of adequacy of translating linguaculturcms represented by English and Uzbek phraseological units on linguistic and non-linguistic factors has been justified;
in translations of linguaculturcms verbalized by English and Uzbek stylistic devices, the role of using varied ways of translation such as analogy, equivalent and descriptive, has been proved;
in translation, explicit and implicit information in literary texts and the author’s modality as means of ensuring the coherence and cohesion of linguistic picture of the world have been revealed;

The relevance and demanding of the dissertation the theme. In the world great attention is paid to creation of the corresponding of digital television images processing system for monitoring in the field of information and communication technologies. Cunent level of scientific and technical progress as one of the important mechanisms of effective safety system puts in the forefront need of target development of the computer view systems such as automatic recognition of images. «Every year in car crashes around 1.3 million people die and 20-50 million people get different kind of injures»1, Methods of digital television images processing and monitoring system are widely used in the developed countries, in particular, in China, the USA, Germany, India.
In the Republic Uzbekistan the large-scale attention is given to citizens’ and vehicles’ safety and prevention of different accidents based on scientifically innovation and using modem audio-video technologies. In this matter, essential results are achieved using modernization of vehicles based on radionavigation and television equipment and monitoring the safety, particularly video surveillance system production has started. Although, the development of intellectual detection devices of dynamic and static spatial objects upon the modem demands are considered. Uzbekistan’s Development Strategy considers such tasks as “... maintaining road safety,... implementation of modern information technologies and their use”2. In order to perform these tasks a development of visual monitoring systems, creation of digital television image processing system for monitoring static-spatial objects for vehicles are considered as an important issues.
Today one of the important scientific-technical tasks in the world is improvement of digital television images processing systems, as well as systems for automatic detection and recognition of static-spatial objects for vehicles, and considering this circumstance, special attention is paid to target scientific research, in particular identification of the personality according to biometric data, recognition of number plates of vehicles, obstacles detection systems, recognitions of road signs etc.
The dissertation is directly serve the implementation of the tasks set out in the following provisions and decrees of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan: PD-4947 “On Uzbekistan’s Development Strategy” of 7 February 2017, PD-5005 “On measures to radically increase the effectiveness of the activities of the internal affairs bodies, to strengthen their responsibility for ensuring public order, the reliable protection of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens” of 10 April 2017 and PR-1442 "On the priorities of industrial development of Uzbekistan in 2011 -2015 years" of 15 December 2010.
The aim of study is modeling, development of algorithms and the framework of the process of detection and recognition of static-spatial objects for visual monitoring systems.
Scientific novelty of the research as follows:
The scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) algorithm of visual monitoring system for static-spatial objects processing and recognition is improved based on an approach of calculation of angles between feature vectors in Euclidian space;
Based on the use of advanced Brailion method and calculation of the sum of absolute difference for visual monitoring systems, the algorithm and methods of obstacles detection along the line of vehicles are developed;
The static-spatial objects detection and recognition framework based on the modified and advanced scale invariant feature transform algorithm using graphical dataset is developed;
The device and the software on detection and recognition of static-spatial objects are developed for visual monitoring systems of spatial around vehicles.
Conclusion
Doctoral dissertation on the subject of “Digital television image processing system for monitoring the detection and recognition of static-spatial objects” the following conclusions were obtained during the research:
1. A method for the detection of objects on the basis of Braillon’s model using the methods of calculation of the optical flow and the sum of absolute differences, by which obtained high accuracy of detection of 1.5 times compared with the same methods.
2. A universal framework (structure, block diagram) is developed for detection and recognition of spatial objects using appropriate database. For the first time, this universal framework created an opportunity to detect human faces and their emotions, obstacles around the vehicles and creation of the panoramic image, as well as determining the state numbers of vehicles.
3. Device for the detection and recognition of objects for visual monitoring systems around the vehicle. The device is used to detect objects in addition to wide-angle cameras, ultrasonic sonar, which allows 2 times increase the probability of obstacle detection.
4. A database of potential data objects, such as images of human faces, emotions, state registration numbers of vehicles. This reduces the dependency on other databases.
5. Developed software based on the proposed methods to create a panoramic image around the vehicle, detection of obstacles in their way, the recognition of human faces and their emotions, state registration numbers of vehicles. This, in turn, creates opportunity the development of the software market in Uzbekistan.
6. On the basis of the developed methods and software for experimental studies have shown that the use of modified algorithm developed by converting the scaleinvariant SIFT features gives the probability of correct recognition in the allocation of signs on average in the order of 97.5% per cent but the time spent on the recognition of object is an average of 1.4 seconds.
7. Recommendations about use of the methods developed for visual monitoring systems in various spheres of economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan are developed and create in practice a possibility of development of the concept "Safe city" in system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
8. The results obtained on the basis of proper framework developed by the detection and recognition of static-spatial objects for visual monitoring systems have also been introduced and tested in two companies and gave economical effect 60 mln. soums and 20 thousand USD per year.

The aim of the research work. The aim of the study is the development of a highly efficient system for compressing the media content of television programs, reducing their volume by a hundred and more times, while maintaining good image and sound quality.
The scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
created the method of luminance transformation, which brings images into a homogeneous form with the help of blocks with adaptively changing dimensions;
developed the method and algorithm of inter-audio frame processing, which increases the compression ratio of audio signals of TV programs;
developed an algorithm for interframe scaling, which improves image quality at high compression ratios;
developed the method of TV programs’ video signals compression based on inter-frame scaling, which increases an image quality, with brightness conversion using blocks of variable size;
developed the structural scheme and formed an clement base of the audiovideo codec.

The aim of the research work. The aim of the research is the development of mathematical models, numeric algorithms as well as enhanced computer models for analysis, optimal control and forecasting in the development of oil deposits.
The scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
functional structure of the management system and forecasting of figures that have been improved in the process of oil deposit development;
computation technique has been developed for solution of one-dimensional problems which appear in the course of two-dimensional problem solutions;
new mathematical model of the management process in the development of oil deposits and algorithm of its solution have been designed;
mathematical model and computing algorithm for forecasting of indices and detection of drilling resources in terms of initial data processing of deposits.

I'he aim of the research is to improve the technology of applying modem didactic teaching aids in the preparation of future teachers of vocational education on the basis of an integrative approach.
The scientific novelty of the research is consists of the following:
on the basis of the continuity of the components of the educational process, the didactic capacities of modem didactic teaching aids are defined in activating the cognitive activity of future teachers of the professional education;
methodical system for the creation and application of modern didactic teaching aids based on scientific and pedagogical approaches to the process of information technology training of future teachers of vocational education;
on the basis of improving the algorithm for the creation and application of modem didactic teaching aids in the process of training teachers of vocational education, a method for technological development of visual-shaped, sequential-logical provision of educational material on general professional disciplines was developed;
variant of the modular organization of training as an integrated system that implements modem didactic and methodological requirements for the preparation of future teachers of vocational education for professional activities, reflecting the forms of providing educational information on general professional subjects and providing interactive educational communication;
the possibilities of multimedia learning on the basis of Visual Basic and Macromedia Flash programs are disclosed.

The aim of the research is improving the methodology of using information and communication technologies in shaping the knowledge and skills of potential future teachers of vocational education.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
Qualitative criteria and indicators for the formation of knowledge and skills of future professional teachers on the basis of information and communication technologies have been developed;
Adaptive, organizational-integration and outcome components of auxiliary computer-assisted modeling for the formation of knowledge and skills of future vocational education teachers has been developed;
Virtual training technologies have been developed that provide the future vocational education teachers with a sense of content, stages, forms, methods and tools for shaping knowledge and skills;
In a conceptual model that provides the unity of design and technological, content-methodological, critical-diagnostic and procedural components of pedagogical knowledge and skills in future teachers of vocational education.

The aim of the research is to identify historical methods used in architectural monuments of Khiva and to improve the architectural-compositional criteria of the monuments, which arc aimed at efficient use of monuments.
The scientific novelty' of the research is as follows:
It has been established that the architectural-building traditions inherent to the ancient civilization of the Khorczmian state were formed during the VI-XII centuries and the school of national architecture in the period of Khiva khanate (XV-XX centuries);
the center of the Middle Ages (Kohna Ark), the secondary center (Tash-Hovli) and the complex of traditional settlements have been identified;
the coincidence of minimal vertical accents in the formation of the old city composition;
the first ever database of architectural monuments, the history of the architectural monuments, the objects they use, the architectural composition, the exact size, the historical photographs, the methods used, the devices and monuments;
the architectural monument's artistic style, the decorations of the tassel, the style and properties of its properties;
the sequence of architectural activities aimed at ensuring the preservation of the ground and the groundless part of the science used in the restoration of towers;
the preservation of the architectural monuments and the effective use of them, the rebuilding of 10 protected areas of Ichan-Kala and Dcshon-Kala area has expanded the opportunity to serve foreign and local tourists.

The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
historical and traditional, typological, landscaping and environmental, architectural planning, composition and landscape-specific solutions and design architectural methods to create and develop the rural landscape architecture have been identified;
objects of rural landscape architecture are categorized and comprehensive factors are defined that affect the rural landscape architecture formation;
general town-planning requirements are elaborated with the due regard for trees, bushes, flower gardens and artificial ponds appropriate for the rural landscaping architecture;
the “wind effect” method is substantiated in terms of soft landscaping and creation of green environment in rural settlements;
the approach is developed to select decorative greenery used for rural landscaping architecture of rural settlements located in different climatic and geographic regions of the republic;
criteria soundly based on theory of urban planning, architectural planning and landscaping for green park area of general and restricted use;
the pattern is developed to create the system of parks and landscaping architecture of rural settlements in steppe, piedmont and high-mountain landscape and climatic zones in Uzbekistan.

The aim of the research work is to provide scientific justification of the formation factors of the storytelling genre, the principles of development, the problems of chronological systematization, stylistic peculiarities, time and hero psychology in the 20th century within the framework of the Turkish genre.
The scientific novelty of the research work:
the principles of the origin, formation and development of the storytelling genre in Turkish literature are based on the historical and literary process in the genre;
the Turkish storytelling genre of the twentieth century has been chronologically divided into periods and accordingly provides proofs for the formal and the meaning importance of the genre;
the influence of French literature on the Turkish story and its realistic images were identified;
the matter of traditionalism and innovation has been proven in the 20th-40th of the 20th century stories;
the reflection of the periodic image and the peculiarity of psychological analysis in modem stories are evident in the variety of methods.

The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. According to the World Health Organization, the prevalence of tooth loss in adults aged 65 years and over is between 30 and 70%. Up to 26% of patients after prosthetics with complete removable dentures do not use them The acute issue is the prevention of progressive atrophy of the tissues of the prosthetic bed. "The greatest loss of teeth is observed in people with low socioeconomic status and among people living in rural areas.
Nowadays, the most actual issues remain the development of new techniques for replacing the defect of bone tissue to prevent the development of jaw atrophy with complete adentia with the use of various osteoplastic materials. Important issues remain the development of a set of therapeutic and prophylactic measures to improve the results of complete removable dental prosthetics.
The aim of the research work is to improve the results of functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of patients of different ages with complete adentia with complete removable dental prosthetics by defining a differentiated approach to complex diagnosis and developing optimal therapeutic and prophylactic tactics.
Scientific novelty of the research work is the following:
clinical and anatomical and dental risk factors for the development of unsatisfactory results of complete removable prosthetics with complete absence of teeth depending on the age of the patients were determined.
for the first time qualitative and quantitative characteristics of changes in the composition of microflora and indices of nonspecific factors of oral cavity protection in patients with complete adentia, their influence on the development of inflammatory-destructive complications against the background of fully removable prosthetics in different age groups have been revealed.
functional parameters of the bioelectrical activity of the chewing musculature depending on the age of patients with complete adentia and the efficiency of percutaneous electroneuromiostimulation of the ganglion of the trigeminal nerve in combination with complete removable prosthetics were first determined.
for the first time it was developed the technique of bone tissue defect replacement with osteoplastic material of domestic production - "Bioactive glass", which minimizes the risk of inflammation and formation of postextraction atrophy of the jaw by improving the conditions of reparative processes and full replacement of the bone defect after extraction of the tooth.
for the first time a set of therapeutic and prophylactic measures was developed to improve the results of complete removable prosthetics, based on a multifactor approach to the correction of anatomical, functional and microbiocinosis disorders in the oral cavity with complete adentia.
a method for correcting changes in microflora and nonspecific factors of oral cavity protection in patients with complete adentia was developed, including in domestic medications "FarGALS" and antiseptic solution "Elixir A" into the complete removable prosthetics treatment complex.
the effectiveness of the treatment and prophylactic complex approach to complete removable prosthetics in patients with complete adentia for quality of life indicators on the OHIP-14 questionnaire has been proved.

The aim of the research is to study the clinical-neurological, neuropsychological and biochemical features of extrapyramidal diseases, optimize the criteria for their early diagnosis and develop differentiated therapeutic measures.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
the features of clinical manifestations of motor and non-motor disorders of EPD depending on the clinical forms and stages of diseases were proved;
it was proved that in EPD, particularly in parkinsonism, changes in the amount of S100B protein in the blood serum of patients depend on the form, stage and duration of the disease;
the relationship between the S100B protein content in the blood scrum and motor and non-motor disorders in EPD and its peculiarity in the course of the disease development were proved;
clinical and non-clinical factors affecting the quality of life of patients with extrapyramidal diseases were systemically proved;
a mechanism was developed for optimizing the differential treatment system of extrapyramidal diseases taking into account motor and non-motor disorders.

The aim of research work is to cover the theoretical and practical issues of linguistic poetics, by reasoning its evolutionary development, to define and establish private realizations of linguo-poetic regularities in the works of Erkin Azam.
Scientific novelty' of the research work is as follows:
The linguopoetic properties of the author's works are revealed based on poetic repetition, individual neologisms, altered use of expressions, and also on the skill of using dialectisms, barbarisms, and vulgarisms.
the writer’s introduction of rhythmic poetic speech into prose works such phonetic means as rhyme, alliteration, loss, addition or interchange of sounds, the prolonged pronunciation of vowels is justified;
introduction of works of artistic and pragmatic meaning and linguo-poetic essence by such lexical means as shades of the meaning of the word, variants associated with the speech situation, the values of the invariant structure are proved;
the creation by author of the most subtle facets of the importance of respect, regret, request, allegory, irony, love, careful attitude, ridicule, belittling through such morphological means as affixes of multiplicity, diminutives, etc. defined;
on the example of such syntactical means as artistic repetition, the rhetorical question, the artistic and linguistic possibilities and the aesthetic functions of the author's works are revealed.

The aim of the research work. The emerging reasons of fusarial disease of wheat in the saline soils, distribution, biology, taxonomy and the controlling measures of fusarial wilt diseases in the districts Amudariya, Nukus, Chimbay, Takhtakopir of the republic of Karakalpakistan were studied in the research.
The object of the research work. To work out scientific and practical recommendations on the determination of influence to productivity and combating measures against to them on the base of study of fungi species texture, taxonomy, biology and pathogen’s distribution principles of fusarial disease causing fungi belonging to the class of fuzarium on the wheat varieties in the conditions of saline lands of the republic of Karakalpakistan.
Scientific novelty of the research w ork:
12 species and 3 subspecies of fungi belonging to Fusarium class were separated during the conducted researches from saline soils. Phitotoxin and pathogenic properties of separated fungus were studied
morphologic, taxonomic and biologic properties of disease causing species have been determined;
it has been proved that the most aggressive forms of fungal infections arc fusariosis inducing F.oxysporum, F.gramenearum and F.solani
for the first time on saline soils Rcpablic Karakalpakstan pathogenicity and phitotoxic properties of fungi causing fusarium disease of wheat
relavite resistance to Fusarium diseases of wheat varieties has bin proved Garezsizlik, Krasnodar-99 Tanya from zoned genotypes Rcpablic Karakalpakstan
defining of fusarial disease, recommendations on combating against it, manuals have been prepared Fitolavin, Trichodcrmin, Raksil, Gcrkules, Vial Trast.
The outcomes of the research. 12 species and 3 subspecies of fungi belonging to Fusarium class were separated during the conducted researches from saline soils. Phitotoxin and pathogenic properties of separated fungus were studied. Statements about application of taken data in the practice have been received from farmers “Pirniyaz Takhta” and “Nuratdin Takhta” of Takhtakopir district, from “Abdukhalikov Jalgish” and “Sultanmurat Qiyra” of Amudariya district, and from “Nurlanbek Bekbergan” and “Qallibekova Gulmira” of Chimbay district.
Extension of the research outcomes. Research works in the fields of wheat on the base of results for the perfection of controlling measures against wheat fusarial disease in the saline soils of the republic of Karakalpakistan have been carried out in the 0.5 hectare of field planted to 25 regionized and targeting to regionizing wheat varieties in the experimental plot of the SRI on the grain and grain-bean crops in Nukus district, inn 150 hectares in the farm of “Pirniyaz Takhta”, in totally of 160 hectares in “Nuratdin Takhta” of Takhtakopir district, in 33 hectares in the farm “Abdukhalikov Jalgish” , in 73 hectares of the farm of “Sultanmurat Qiyra” in 44 hectares of “Nurlanbek Bekberganov”, in 91 hectares of “Qallibekova Gulmira” farm in the district of Amu Daria.
Efficient Seed treatment fungicides and biological preparations were used in the purpose of getting high wheat yields at the conduclcd researches. Productivity has been grown than control by 3-5 centners at the treatment of seeds by the preparation of Vial Trast fungicide. That is, the productivity of control variant was 18,5 - 19,8 centner/ha , while the productivity of experiment variant makes up 24,0 - 25.5 ccntner/ha. Tratmcnt of seeds by the preparation of Raksil, Gcrkules fungicides the yields of control and experiment with treatment of both preparations at once, the productivity of both varients were respectively : 18.0 - 19.3 and 23,0 - 24,4 centner/ha.
The structure and the volume of the thesis. The thesis contents of introduction, 6 chapters, conclusion, used literature and enclosures. The volume of desis has 120 pages.

The aim of research work is the working out the plans controlling measurements’ on the base of cotton plant growth, and development arising of cotton moth, development forecasting of distribution and systematization of automatic monitoring.
Scientific novelty' of the research work:
development of cotton moth and monitoring system of distribution have been worked out the first time and improved biological controlling method on this base;
determination methods, of developing phases of cotton plant, depending upon useful temperature volume have been worked out;
phenological calendars of cotton moth developing phases through interring of clearness into their development terms have been arranged, determinated development, distribution and damaging affect rates depending on the climatic condition;
planning norms of needs on the protection for agrochemical crops from cotton moth have been worked out;
an information -advise system on «Plant protection» is working at the mobile telephones for farmer farms in the type of «Android», pronouncing of pests, diseases, their biological features, damaging affect and controlling measures against then has been worked out.

The aim of the research work is to determine the most often met fungal diseases of onions grown in the open ground and its fruits during storage in the conditions of Tashkent region, and to develop control measures against them.
The object of the research work. Scientific research was carried out with three onion species, i.e. Allium сера - common onion, A. porrum - leek and A. schoenoprasum - chive.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
During the scientific work 597 herbarium samples of infected onions have been collected in open fields in the Tashkent region, and of onion fruits during storage. 57 species of pathogenic fungi, belonging to 29 genera, 4 phyla, 8 orders and 12 families were identified on these samples. 29 species amongst them were recorded for the first time in Tashkent region. Most of fungi amongst pathogen - 34 species - were representatives of Deuteromycetes, and 10 were species of Basidiomycota, 9 species of Ascomycota and 3 species from the phylum Oomycota.
Genus Botrytis has been represented with 5 species, each of genera of Puccinia, Penicillium, Aspergillus have had four species, and Melampsora and Phyllosticta - 3 species each, and each of the other genera were presented with 1 or 2 species.
Amongst identified 57 species of fungi 22 species were the most distributed and harmful ones.
Results of investigations have revealed that causal agents of downy mildew, rust and smut diseases were obligate parasites, while rest species of pathogenic fungi have belonged to the group of facultative parasites including diseases caused by species of Altemaria, Botrytis, Fusarium, Phoma and Penicillium.
Studies of biological characters have shown that Peronospora schleideniana infected all vegetative parts of plants; Botrytis cinerea has been common on all leaves, calyces, flowers, seeds, bulbs, roots, while rust fungi, mainly infected leaves of plants.
There were 11 species of fungi that infected seeds of onion. Three species of them (Botrytis cinerea, Peronospora schleideniana and Urocystis cepulae) were recorded on internal tissues and 9 species have been found on surface parts of the seeds.
Implementation of research results. The results of the research conducted during 2013-2017 were implemented in onion production farms "Shukhrat ziyo" and "Islomkho’ja Nig’monkho’ja", Zangi ata district and "Temir Qadam Abdirayim" and "Salar fayz" farms, in the Istiqlol agrofirm conditions of the Kibray district in Tashkent region, in total on 6 hectare area (reference from the Ministry of agriculture and water resources dated 29.11.2016 No.02/20-1256).
The structure and volume of the thesis. The dissertation consists of introduction, six chapters, conclusions, list of references and an appendix. Volume of the thesis consists of 120 pages.

Topicality and necessity of the thesis. Solar pumped lasers are devices that transform a broadband sunlight into the coherent, monochromatic and directional radiation. However, maximum efficiency of transformation of sunlight into the laser radiation still remains at a level below 4%. In this connection development and creation of new highly effective lasers with solar pumping is one of the extremely topical problems of a global scale. Research and revealing of new ways of increasing the efficiency of lasers with solar pumping on the basis of last achievements in the field of materials technology and in other areas of state-of-the-art science represents the important scientific and practical tasks and substantiates the relevance of the dissertation subject.
The aim of research work is revealing the effective ways of transformation of solar energy into the energy of laser radiation by studying the physical processes, taking place in solar pumped laser systems, with taking into account of optical, thermal and mechanical properties of the solid-state laser active mediums.
Scientific novelty' of the research work consists m the following results:
New procedures of modeling processes of multiple reflection and refraction, absorption, and emission that have been based on tracing of single photons without any weight factors instead of usually used photon packages;
For the first time it is created the experimental laser on the big solar furnace and laser power of 80Wis obtained;
For the first time new alternative approach that based on the use of external frequency converters of solar spectrum is proposed and the opportunity of increasing the pumping efficiency of Nd:YAG lasers up to 30-32% is shown;

The aim of the study is a targeted synthesis of soluble and water-insoluble polymers having carboxyl groups in the structure, establishing their physicochemical, medical-biological properties and processes of interaction with low-molecular compounds, and the obtaining of an antiprotozoal preparation on their basis.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
for the first time the complexes of PMAC and imidocarb-dipropionate of 3,3-bis (2-imidazolinyl-2) -carbanilide were synthesized;
for the first time, the possibility of a first-order phase transition of PMAC macromolecules in the form of polymer complexes in the interaction of highly concentrated solutions of PMAC and imidocarb was established;
the preservation of the chemical structure of the imidocarb by means of cooperative binding during its immobilization at PMAC has been demonstrated;
for the first time on the basis of polymeric complexes PMAC and imidocarb developed a little toxic and prolonged antiprotozoal dosage form;
for the first time, granular sorbents were obtained by modification of PVC amino-acetic, aminocaproic, o-, m-, p-aminobenzoic acids;
the effect of the steric effect of neighboring functional groups, besides the basicity of the amino group, on the modification of PVC by amino acids, has been proved;
the regression equations for the reactions of modifications of PVC with aminoacid and m-aminobenzoic acid have been calculated;
the strong influence of the solvent on the process of modification of PVC by amino acids and the amorphous structure of the obtained samples were established.

Topicality and necessity of the thesis. To date, intensive research in the direction of revealing their new physical properties, controlled by external influences, especially sensitive to light and microwave radiation and deformation, is underway in the world in the intensively developing direction of photo and tensor properties of semiconductor materials and structures. Making semiconductor materials unique properties in terms of managing their functional characteristics is an extremely important task. In this aspect, the study of the influence of deformation and a strong electromagnetic field on the dynamic characteristics of semiconductor structures is one of the promising directions.
In the years of independence, scientists of our country pay great attention to the development of technology for obtaining strain-sensitive and photosensitive semiconductor structures, in particular, methods for obtaining semiconductor materials doped with deep impurities, as well as film structures with anomalously large photovoltage, special attention is paid to the study of photoconductivity effects. In this direction, significant progress has been made in obtaining photo-and strain-sensitive structures based on narrow-gap and layered structures.
Today in the world, when studying the effect of deformation and a strong electromagnetic field on the dynamic characteristics of semiconductor structures, revealing the nature of EMF and currents arising in them under the influence of a strong electromagnetic field, illumination and deformation near critical points is of great importance. In this aspect, targeted research works, including the implementation of problems in the directions listed below, are considered to be one of the important tasks: the construction of a model of a system of potential barriers, which allows one to explain the anomalously large values of the strain-sensitivity coefficient in thin films obtained by vacuum deposition; Estimation of the deformation potential on the basis of the model of the potency barrier systems; elucidation of the possibility of controlling the strain-sensitivity of the p-n junction illuminated by the light of its own, subject to constant deformation; the elucidation of the possibility of controlling the photocurrents and photo EMFs generated in semiconductor photocells under the action of deformation and the microwave field; the possibility of using phase portraits to explain generation-recombination processes in semiconductors; a study of the thermal broadening of the energy levels and the density of states of a quasi-one-dimensional electron gas; The study of the temperature dependence of energy gaps due to lattice vibrations and thermal broadening of energy levels.
The research works carried out in the above mentioned directions indicate the relevance of the topic of this dissertation.
This dissertational research serves, to a certain extent, the fulfillment of the tasks stipulated in the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan PP-1442 "On Priority Directions for the Development of the Industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2011-2015" dated December 15, 2015 and No. -PP2789 "On Measures on further improvement of the activities of the Academy of Sciences,organization, management and financing of research activities "of February 17, 2017, as well as other normative and legal documents adopted in this field.
The aim of research work is to study physical processes under the influence of a strong electromagnetic field, illumination and deformation in semiconductors and semiconductor structures.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
It is established that, at the edge of fundamental absorption, when, the absorption coefficient increases strongly due to a change in the width of the forbidden band under the action of deformation, as a result, the coefficient of p-n junction susceptibility can assume anomalously large values.
It is shown that the change in the quasi-Fermi levels of electrons and holes under the action of deformation, light, and a strong microwave field explains the behavior of the I-V characteristic of the p-n junction under external influences;
It is established that under the action of deformation and light, photoelectrons and photoholes are mainly generated, in this case the EMF generated by the diode due to the change in the Fermi quasilevels will be negative, and when the microwave wave is applied, the electrons and holes are heated in this case, the EMF value will be positive, leading to a shift of the I-V characteristic in opposite directions;
It is established that when the frequency of the variable strain changes, if the product of the frequency and lifetime of the charge carriers becomes greater than unity, then the shape of the phase portraits (depending on) tends to a horizontal segment, and in the case when the product of the frequency of the variable deformation and the lifetime of the charge carriers becomes, the form of the phase portrait tends to a vertical segment, in the case where the phase portrait has the largest area.
the interrelation of recombination centers with the carrier concentration in a semiconductor is determined during deformation, so an increase in the recombination centers leads to a decrease in the concentration of charge carriers, turning the phase trajectory in the form of a spiral towards the lowest values, both along the axis and along the axis, and the decrease in the recombination centers in the semiconductor is reflected in an increase in the concentration of charge carriers, and the phase trajectory unfolds in the form of a spiral towards the highest values, both along the axis and along the axis . Accordingly, the phase portrait serves to monitor the state of the semiconductor under external influences.
It was established that the total change in the width of the forbidden band of MnIn5S8.5, FelmS^ and CuIn5S8 single crystals is determined not only by the interaction of electrons with lattice vibrations but also by thermal broadening of the energy levels in the allowed bands. In this case, the experimental dependences of the band gap on the temperature coincide with the theoretical curves.

The aim of the research work is to develop theoretical and methodological framework of performance evaluation of the efficiency use of land and water resources in agriculture and elaborate scientific proposals and practical recommendations aimed at its improvement.
The scientific novelty of the research work is as follows: proposals were developed to improve the economic and legal basis for the use of land and water resources in farms by introducing changes and amendments to the legislative acts regulating these relations; improved the system of indicators, characterizing the economic efficiency of the use of scarce resources involved in agricultural production and methods of their calculation; scientific and theoretical recommendations on the mechanism for the establishment and development prospects of the “agro-clusters” aimed at the integrated development of agriculture for the rational use of available resources have been developed; methodical recommendations for increasing the efficiency of agricultural land use through the application of the “super efficiency” method and the possibilities for effective water use - through the “sub-vector” method; a forecast for the optimization of the structure of agricultural crops by 2020 has been developed through the placement of food crops on land with low fertility.

The aim of the research is to evaluate the features of prevalence, clinical course and pharmacotherapy of prehypertension and arterial hypertension among HIV-infected population and to improve arterial hypertension prevention system in HIV-infected population.
The scientific novelty of the research consists of the following:
For the first time, the features of formation and epidemiologic process of prehypertension and arterial hypertension were identified in HIV-infected population in Fergana Valley;
For the first time, it was proved that monitoring the effectiveness of primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of prehypertension and arterial hypertension in HIV-infected population will be more efficient if taken into account the low awareness of the population of arterial hypertension and attitude to own health;
Formation/intensification of unfavorable epidemiological conditions in respect of the prehypertension and arterial hypertension in HIV-infected population of the Fergana Valley and prevalence of risk factors of arterial hypertension in different HIV-infected population were identified.
Improved technology of preclinical diagnosis and methods of primary and secondary prevention of high blood pressure (HBP) were worked out, making a significant contribution to the improvement of the prognosis of prehypertension and arterial hypertension among HIV-infected population in conditions of the Fergana Valley;
It was proved that long-term use of pharmaco-cpidcmiological monitoring contributes to significant improvement in the indicators and efficiency of drug therapy of high blood pressure.

Topicality- and relevance of the subject of dissertation. At present, in the world, development of new analytical methods of the determination of ultralow concentration of elements in a variety of materials plays an important role in many areas of modem science and technology. This is due to the fact that there are a large number of solutions of problems, such as high-purity materials technology, geology and geochemistry, toxicology, environmental protection and others, which are necessary to monitor the content of certain elements in the material at the level of 10’8- 10 H%. In some cases, a sensitivity analysis can provide traditional analytical methods or their modifications.
The relevance of the theme of the dissertation is conditioned by the necessity of establishing general laws of morphological and optical properties of aerosol particals not having certain quantum states, as well developing methods of high-sensitivity laser spectroscopy, problems of detection of ultra small concentration of single atoms and aerosols, determination of effective identification of dynamics and types of physical processes with excited atoms and molecules.
The aim of research work is finding out the physical mechanisms of manifestation of resonans and nonresonans process of interaction of laser radiation with ultrasmall concentrations of atoms and aerosols of substances.
Scientific novelty' of the research consists of the following results:
inverse dependence of regularities (N~d‘“) between the absolute concentration of the aerosol particles (N) formed from solid surfaces of metals, alloys and the soil under the influence of high-power pulsed infrared laser radiation (A=1064nm, 250mJ) and size of aerosol particles (d) also direct dependence (o~L) between the extinction coefficient (o) and the distance (L) from solid surfaces to the laser radiation were detected;
inverse dependence of regularities (Q~a*2) between extinction efficiency (Q) and size parameters (a) of diffirent transparent (NaCI, CsCl, Nal, NaF, KC1, AgNCh) and organic dye of aerosol particles was found;
effective collisional excitation schemes by p and d state versus state s atoms were detected;
the physical mechanism of formation of the useful signals (selective ionization signal and cavity ring-down signal) were identified that allow registration of parameters of atomic and aersols systems in the intensive pulsed laser field;
the way of improvement of the selectivity and sensitivity of the method of atomic ionization spectroscopy on the basis of the selection of the temperature atomizer “rod-flame” and the implementation of the new electrothermal atomizers ionizer consisting of the graphite tube and platform were determined;
cavity ring-down laser absorption spectrometer based on two volume nitrogen laser for measurement of light extinction by aerosol particles was developed.

The aim of the research work is to develop scientific and practical recommendations for perfection of scientific-methodic bases of raising attractiveness of Uzbekistan’s investment environment.
The scientific novelty of the research work are comprised of followings:
proved theoretico-methodic approach for evaluating regions stability by independent variables, conducting multipurpose comparative analysis, calculating economic, social and ecologic stability, as well as forming integral indicators while justifying investment capacities of region/country, the degre of investment risks and investment activity;
modified the methodics of evaluating investment attractiveness with accounting natural-geographic location and accounting endogenous factors by industries;
perfected method of accounting investment attractiveness through derivative figures by return on investments directed to territory or industry and probabilities of anticipated losses;
justified methodic approach for implementing indexes of Genuine saving, The Global Competitiveness Index while determining investment attractiveness of regions;
developed organizational-economic model of the conglomerate cluster while raising efficiency of regional firms and competitiveness of cluster-forming firms.
Justified tools for evaluating investment attractiveness of country/regions at the expence of socio-economic, political-legal and complex factors on the base of international rating indicators.

The aim of the research work is development of technology for the production of carbide roll with the use of refractory metal powders.
Scientific novelty of the research work. The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
the advanced technology of manufacturing of a hard-alloy roller of an input box of a stand is developed by a method of powder metallurgy;
the technology of obtaining a hard-alloy forming tool with an optimal combination of strength and plasticity has been developed;
the optimum composition of 60% TiC, 20% Ni, 4% W, 4% Fe molybdenum new alloy of the Mo-TiC-Ni-W-Fe system was developed to impart strength and ductility to the rollers;
the composition of 39% Mo, 42% TiC, 12% Ni, 4% W, 4% Fc of the Mo-TiC alloy was developed to provide the wear resistance of the rollers.

The aim of the research work is the development of energy-saving technology by improving the technology of cold rolling of sheet metals.
The tasks of research:
Analysis of rolling regimes, the study of the current state of research of available rolling technologies and the development of their refinement;
Calculation of energy consumption for cold symmetrical rolling and development of recommendations on energy saving indicators of the technological process;
Comparative analysis of physical and mechanical properties of rolled sheet metals;
Development of energy-saving technology of cold rolling of sheet metals.
The object of the research work is a cast and rolled strip of copper and its alloys.
Scientific novelty of the research work. The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
the design of the mill and the effective technology of symmetrical cold rolling of asymmetric rolling are developed by calculating the parameters;
a new energy-saving symmetrical rolling technology is developed by modifying the available rolling technologies;
the technology of thermal processing of sheet copper and its alloys received by new energy-saving technology of symmetrical rolling is developed;
new modes of heat treatment of copper strip after rolling have been developed.
The practical results of the study are as follow s:
a new design of a semi-industrial rolling mill in production conditions for the production of sheet metals by cold rolling has been developed;
a rolling technology has been developed that allows cutting energy and human resources by 20-30% to produce sheet metals during cold rolling;
The effective heat treatment regimes for cold rolled copper and its alloys have been developed.
The outline of the thesis. The content of the thesis consists of an introduction, four chapters, conclusion, a list of literature. The volume of the thesis is 120 pages.

The aim of the research work is mathematical modeling of applied hydrodynamic processes of compressible two-phase media on the basis of analytic functions "A" of complex variable in two-phase media.
Scientific novelty' of the research work is as follows:
Methods for generalizing the theory of an analytic function of a complex variable operator "A", algorithms and methods for solving some applied problems for two-phase media;
Cauchy’s and Montel’s theorems, Picard's large theorem are proved, the mechanisms for expanding Taylor and Laurent series for a classical generalization of analytic functions "A (z)" are developed;
Methods for generalizing the integral Poisson formula for a stationary system of poroelasticity;
An algorithm for obtaining the solution of the analogue of the Mindlin problem for the stationary system of the poroelasticity equation in a half-space and numerical study of the influence of various dynamic characteristics on the wave field is found;
Differential identities connecting velocities, pressures, and mass forces in the equations of two-velocity hydrodynamics with phase equilibrium from pressure are proved in a divergent form;
Methods for constructing a general solution for the stream function in the planar case of the Monge-Ampere system of equations are developed;
A numerical model to study the flow of incompressible viscous two-velocity fluids, taking into account the equilibrium of the phases with respect to pressure is developed.

The aim of research work is the establishing of asymptotic representations for the likelihood ratio statistics in incomplete data models, obtaining by several types censoring of competing risks model.
The object of the research w ork is likelihood ratio statistics in a competing risks model under several types of random censoring.
Scientific novelty' of the research w ork is consist on follows:
proved a result on the approximation of stochastic integrals of the likelihood ratio statistics of two-parametrical Wiener process in the competing risks model;
proved the property of local asymptotic normality of the likelihood ratio statistics in competing risks model under hybrid censoring on the right;
using methods of strong approximation for empirical processes in competing risks model under a random and informative censoring from both sides established asymptotic representations for the likelihood ratio statistics;
proved properties of local and uniform local asymptotic normality for the likelihood ratio statistics in competing risks model under random censoring by nonobserving intervals;
proved an of asymptotic minimax efficiency of the maximum likelihood and Bayesian type estimates;
found the limit distribution of generalized chi-square statistics and likelihood ratio under random censoring from both sides.
Implementation of the research results. The results obtained during the dissertation research are practiced in the following areas:
The results obtained in the dissertation on generalized chi-square statistics for incomplete observations and the asymptotic properties of this statistics were used in Center for Retraining and statistical research for determining the distributions of the investigated random variables, and also in the training process for retraining courses. (Certificate of State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Statistics, August 25, 2017, No. 01/1-01-19/2-1039). The results of the dissertation are used in the educational process of the Department of "Theory of Probability and Mathematical Statistics" of the Mathematical Faculty of the NUUz (Certificate of the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan, August 2017).
The structure and volume of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, four chapters, conclusion and bibliography. The volume of the thesis is 120 pages.