Vol. 4 No. 12 (2025): "Modern science and research" international scientific journal
Vol. 4 No. 12 (2025): "Modern science and research" international scientific journal
Published:
03-12-2025
Articles
5-7
76
24
VITAMINLAR VA BIOLOGIK FAOL QO‘SHIMCHALAR
This scientific article analyzes the role, classification, physiological functions, and chemical structure of vitamins and dietary supplements (DS) in the human body.
The significance of DS in metabolism, immune enhancement, disease prevention, and treatment is scientifically discussed. It highlights the sources, daily intake norms, causes of hypovitaminosis and hypervitaminosis, and methods of prevention.
The significance of DS in metabolism, immune enhancement, disease prevention, and treatment is scientifically discussed. It highlights the sources, daily intake norms, causes of hypovitaminosis and hypervitaminosis, and methods of prevention.
8-13
63
21
МАҲАЛЛАЛАРНИ КРИМИНОГЕН ВАЗИЯТ БЎЙИЧА ТАСНИФЛАШ АСОСИДА ҲУҚУҚБУЗАРЛИКЛАРНИНГ ОЛДИНИ ОЛИШ ТИЗИМИНИНГ ИЖТИМОИЙ ЗАРУРЛИГИ
The article analyzes the scientific-theoretical and practical aspects of classifying crime prevention in mahallas according to the criminogenic situation. The criteria for classification, mechanisms for its implementation, and ways to increase its effectiveness have been studied. Recommendations on existing problems and their solutions are also given.
14-16
52
14
SALJUQIYLAR DAVRIDA QADIMGI TERMIZ
Ushbu ilmiy maqolada XI–XII asrlarda Saljuqiylar saltanati hukmronligi davrida Termiz shahrining siyosiy, ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy va madaniy rivoji har tomonlama tahlil qilingan. Movarounnahr hududiga Saljuqiylar ta’sirining kuchayishi, Termizning harbiy-strategik va diplomatik mavqei, xalqaro savdo tizimidagi o‘rni, shahar boshqaruvining o‘ziga xos jihatlari, shuningdek, arxeologik manbalar asosida madaniy hayotning taraqqiyoti yoritilgan. Maqolada Termizning bu davrda nafaqat mintaqaviy, balki xalqaro miqyosda ham muhim iqtisodiy, harbiy va ilmiy markaz bo‘lib shakllangani ilmiy manbalar asosida asoslab beriladi.
17-20
75
25
THE ROLE OF AUTHENTIC MATERIALS IN IMPROVING LISTENING COMPREHENSION IN ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (EFL) CLASSROOMS
This article discusses the importance of authentic materials in developing listening comprehension skills in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. It highlights the types of authentic resources, their pedagogical value, challenges encountered by teachers and learners, and practical strategies for successful classroom implementation. The article concludes that authentic materials significantly enhance learners’ real-life listening competence and cultural awareness.
21-24
55
20
DO’STLIK: TUSHUNCHA VA MOHIYAT
Ushbu maqolada Islom ta’limotida do‘stlikning ma’naviy o‘rni, mo‘minlar o‘rtasidagi birodarlikning fazilatlari va Alloh roziligi uchun bo‘lgan muhabbatning ahamiyati yoritiladi. Qur’on oyatlari, sahih hadislar va salaf ulamolarining hikmatlari asosida haqiqiy do‘stlikning mohiyati, uning dunyo va oxiratdagi barakasi hamda jamiyatdagi ahamiyati sharhlanadi. Shuningdek, do‘stlikni mustahkamlaydigan amallar – salomni yoyish, birodarga yordam berish, ayb berkitish, manfaatdan holi muhabbat kabi fazilatlar tahlil qilinadi.
25-30
54
20
BOLALAR NEVROLOGIK KASALLIKLARINI ERTA ANIQLASHDA SUN'IY INTELLEKT TIZIMLARIDAN FOYDALANISH
This article highlights the importance of artificial intelligence technologies in modern medicine, particularly their new opportunities in the diagnostic process. It analyzes the role of AI systems in the early detection of diseases, medical image analysis, clinical decision support, processing of laboratory data, and optimization of physicians’ activities. The article also discusses the advantages and limitations of artificial intelligence in medicine, issues of safety, and prospects for future development. The research results show that artificial intelligence has great potential for reducing human errors in diagnostics, accelerating treatment, and increasing the efficiency of the healthcare system.
31-35
51
12
BO'LAJAK SHIFOKORLAR ISH XUJJATLARINI YURITISHDA ZAMONAVIY KOMPYUTER TEXNOLOGIYALARI VAZIFALARI
This article discusses the application of computer technologies in a physician’s professional activities, including working with documents, storing, analyzing, and exchanging medical data, as well as their practical benefits in these processes.
36-40
63
21
RAQAMLI DIAGNOSTIKA VA UNING TAHLILLARINI SUN’IY INTELLEKT YORDAMIDA TAHLIL QILISH
This work analyzes the possibilities and effectiveness of using artificial intelligence in digital diagnostics. Digital diagnostics is based on the automatic processing of data obtained through various sensors, medical images, and digital measurements. Artificial intelligence deeply analyzes this data, helping to detect diseases early, reduce errors, and provide accurate predictions. The study highlights the advantages of AI algorithms, their practical applications, and their role in optimizing diagnostic processes.
41-45
56
23
ERTA TUG‘ILISHNI OLDINI OLISHDA SUN’IY INTELLEKT TEXNOLOGIYALARINING O‘RNI
Preterm birth, artificial intelligence, perinatal medicine, risk prediction, machine learning, ultrasound analysis, real-time monitoring, telemedicine.
46-50
60
23
AUTOPLAY DASTURI YORDAMIDA O‘QUV QO‘LLANMA YARATISH VA UNDAN SAMARALI FOYDALANISH
This educational and methodological guide presents the theoretical foundations and practical skills for creating interactive electronic learning materials using the AUTOPLAY software. The guide provides step-by-step instructions on working with the program interface, integrating multimedia elements, creating logical connections between pages, and adding tests and educational tasks. In addition, it analyzes methodological approaches to the effective use of electronic resources created with AUTOPLAY in the educational process. The guide is intended for teachers, students, researchers in the field of pedagogy, and all users interested in applying digital technologies in education.
51-54
49
20
ПРОЦЕССЫ И АППАРАТЫ ПИЩЕВОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА
В представленной научной статье проводится углублённое и всестороннее исследование технологических процессов и аппаратурного обеспечения пищевых производств, которые в условиях стремительно развивающейся индустрии питания определяют эффективность, безопасность, стабильность и рентабельность функционирования современных предприятий. Рассмотрены фундаментальные принципы гидродинамики, тепломассопереноса, реологии пищевых сред, а также структурно-конструктивные особенности аппаратов, предназначенных для механической, гидромеханической, тепловой, биохимической и комбинированной обработки сырья.
Особое внимание уделено логике классификации технологических операций, а также взаимосвязи физических закономерностей с инженерными решениями, которые обеспечивают оптимизацию технологических параметров, снижение энергозатрат, повышение выхода готового продукта и минимизацию технологических потерь.
Значительное место в статье занимает анализ современных инновационных направлений, включая мембранные технологии, ультразвуковые и кавитационные методы, интеллектуальные системы управления, цифровизацию процессов и интеграцию автоматизированных средств контроля. Материал статьи имеет теоретическую и практическую значимость для научных сотрудников, инженеров-технологов, аспирантов и специалистов, занимающихся модернизацией пищевых производств.
Особое внимание уделено логике классификации технологических операций, а также взаимосвязи физических закономерностей с инженерными решениями, которые обеспечивают оптимизацию технологических параметров, снижение энергозатрат, повышение выхода готового продукта и минимизацию технологических потерь.
Значительное место в статье занимает анализ современных инновационных направлений, включая мембранные технологии, ультразвуковые и кавитационные методы, интеллектуальные системы управления, цифровизацию процессов и интеграцию автоматизированных средств контроля. Материал статьи имеет теоретическую и практическую значимость для научных сотрудников, инженеров-технологов, аспирантов и специалистов, занимающихся модернизацией пищевых производств.
55-58
106
20
SUN’IY INTELLEKT VA ANALITIK TIZIMLAR: NAZARIY ASOSLAR VA AMALIY AHAMIYATI
Maqolada sun’iy intellekt dasturini ishlab chiqishda innovatsion pedagogik texnologiyalardan foydalanish asosida “sun’iy intellektni rivojlantirish test mashqlari modeli” ishlab chiqildi.
59-62
110
27
SUN’IY INTELLEKT VA ANALITIK TIZIMLAR: NAZARIY ASOSLAR VA AMALIY AHAMIYATI
Maqolada sun’iy intellekt dasturini ishlab chiqishda innovatsion pedagogik texnologiyalardan foydalanish asosida “sun’iy intellektni rivojlantirish test mashqlari modeli” ishlab chiqildi.
63-67
58
21
ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION AND HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION OF WATER BODIES IN THE FERGANA REGION: ICP-OES ANALYSIS AND THEIR INTEGRATIVE IMPACT ON ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY
In this study, the elemental composition and degree of heavy metal contamination in the water bodies of the Fergana Region were determined using the ICP-OES method, and the results were compared with international environmental standards. The potential impact of heavy metals on animal organisms was assessed in the context of key physiological processes, including hepatic, renal, hematological, and neuromuscular functions
68-70
60
18
O‘ZBEK TILIDA FONETIKA VA UNING AHAMIYATI
This article discusses the main issues of Uzbek phonetics, including the sound system, the characteristics of vowels and consonants, as well as the concepts of syllable and stress. It also analyzes the importance of phonetics and its role in developing students’ speech culture.
71-74
65
22
DIGITAL GOVERNANCE: LEGAL REGULATION OF E-GOVERNMENT
The digital transformation in public administration has turned e-government into a key tool for improving service delivery, transparency, and efficiency. Effective functioning of e-government is impossible without a strong legal framework. This article analyzes the legal foundations of data protection, electronic identification, cybersecurity, interoperability, and digital administrative processes. Furthermore, it examines international practices from 2022–2025, challenges such as digital inequality and technological obsolescence, and provides recommendations for both developed and developing countries.
75-77
53
17
KIMYO FANINI O‘QITISHDA MOBIL DASTURLARDAN FOYDALANISH
This article provides a scientific analysis of the pedagogical and didactic foundations of using mobile applications in teaching chemistry. It discusses the impact of mobile technologies on the learning process, their role in modeling chemical phenomena, presenting visualized content, and organizing virtual laboratories. The development of logical thinking, spatial understanding, and independent learning skills through mobile learning is also considered.
78-81
53
19
YOSH OILALAR FAROVONLIGI YO‘LIDA TO‘YLARNI SODDALASHTIRISH ZARURATI
This article examines the need for simplifying and rationalizing wedding ceremonies as a key factor in ensuring the well-being of young families. The author analyzes the negative impact of excessive luxury, wastefulness, and financial pressure on family stability from socio-economic and moral perspectives. The paper also provides recommendations for organizing modest, cost-effective, and spiritually rich weddings while preserving national traditions.
82-89
49
19
THE ROLE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN PROMOTING GYM CULTURE AND HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
This article analyses the role of the English language in the shaping and development of gym culture as well as in popularizing a healthy lifestyle among young people and society in general. It indicates that English has become an internationally accepted language of fitness; most training programs, basic terms describing gymnastics, and health-related resources are provided in English. This study points out the significance of mastering specific English fitness vocabulary, such as workout, cardio, strength training, discipline, and motivation, for better engagement with gym exercise and accessing international knowledge in this field. Furthermore, this article discusses how English enables effective communication between trainers and learners and facilitates the sharing of modern fitness practices worldwide. Combining language learning with physical training, the paper argues that English is not just for personal health development but also forms a means for cultural exchange, discipline, and motivation to lead a healthy lifestyle.
90-95
53
28
THE ROLE OF POSTER AND ILLUSTRATION IN GRAPHIC ART
This article comprehensively examines the theoretical and practical aspects of working techniques in poster and illustration within graphic art. The artistic features of poster and illustration, as well as their role and significance in social life, are thoroughly discussed. The main technical methods, principles of composition, color harmony, and expressive possibilities of line are analyzed. Special attention is given to the use of modern digital technologies in the creation of graphic works and to the integration of traditional and digital techniques. The article can serve as a methodological guide for students majoring in fine arts, young artists, and graphic designers.
96-99
51
28
MEHNATNI MUHOFAZA QILISH QOIDALARINI BUZGANLIK UCHUN JINOIY JAVOBGARLIKNI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH
This article analyzes the issues of improving criminal liability for violation of labor protection rules. The article studies cases of violations of labor legislation based on statistical data, and proposes directions for strengthening criminal liability measures. The results of the study have developed practical recommendations for improving criminal liability norms.
100-104
50
24
DA'VONI TA'MINLASH TO'G'RISIDAGI IJRO HUJJATLARINING AHAMIYATI VA IJRO ETISHNING O'ZIGA XOS XUSUSIYATLARI
This article analyzes the role of enforcement documents on the security of a claim in civil procedural law, theoretical and practical aspects of their enforcement. During the study, a comparative analysis of regulatory mechanisms in the legislation of Uzbekistan, Russia and other countries was carried out, and problems arising in practice were identified.
105-109
66
23
SUD HUJJATLARI IJROSINI TA'MINLASH: MUAMMOLAR VA YECHIMLAR
This article analyzes the main problems in the system of ensuring the execution of judicial documents and their solutions. The study examines the legal, organizational and economic obstacles to ensuring the execution of court decisions and proposes effective solutions based on international experience. The results show that the effectiveness of the system of ensuring the execution of judicial documents directly depends on the institutional capacity of the executive bodies, the perfection of the legal framework and the level of digitalization.
110-114
49
18
PREPARING STUDENTS FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES BASED ON AL-FARABI'S PEDAGOGICAL VISION USING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
This article discusses the role of Al-Farabi's pedagogical views in the modern educational process and their integration into the process of preparing students for professional activity through digital technologies. The study analyzes Al-Farabi's ideas about "virtuous society", "unity of education and upbringing", "mental maturity" in combination with the digital educational environment. Also, the importance of the effective use of ICT tools, digital pedagogical platforms, multimedia resources and distance learning technologies in the development of students' professional skills is scientifically substantiated. The results of the study showed that the implementation of Al-Farabi's ideas using digital technologies strengthens students' competencies in independent thinking, creativity, problem-solving and professional preparation.
4-7
52
20
PSIXODRAMADA JEKE RAWAJLANIW HÁM SOCIALLÍQ ROLLERDI AŃLAW USÍLLARÍ
Usı izertlewde insannıń jeke rawajlanıwınıń psixologiyalıq basqıshları hám insanlardıń sociallıq rollerdi ańlaw usılları haqqında maǵluwmatlar keltiriledi. Búgingi kúnde insan shaxsınıń sociallasıwı, jeke rawajlanıwı, ózin-ózi ańlaw procesinde psixologiyalıq roliniń ornı, kommunikativ kompetenciyalardı rawajlandırıw psixologiya, pedagogika hám sociallıq pánlerde tiykarǵı izertlewlerden biri bolıp esaplanadı. Insan ómiri dawamında túrli sociallıq rollerde bolıwı bul tábiyiy process esaplanadı. Hár bir rol insannıń jeke rawajlanıw procesinde ishki jaǵdayın ańlawǵa, sociallıq statusın rawajlandırıwǵa hám jámiyettegi iskerligin durıs qáliplestiriwge qaratılǵan tiykarǵı processlerdi belgileydi. Sonday-aq, maqalamızda Moreno psixodrama teoriyasınıń tiykarǵı mazmunın ashıw boyınsha teoriyalıq izertlewler, insandı jeke rawajlanıw hám sociallıq rollerdi ańlaw procesinde psixologiyalıq izertlewler sıpatında analiz yetiw teoriyası kórip shıǵıladı.
8-12
54
16
TOPAR JUMÍSÍNDA PSIXOLOGIYALIQ TRENINGLERDE RUWXIY JUWAPKERSHILIK
Usı izertlewde bilimlendiriwde zamanagóy qatnaslar tiykarında ekzistencial-gumanistlik tálimge baylanıslı izertlewler hám psixologiyalıq treninglerde toparlardan ibarat jámiyettiń ruwxıy jetikligin asırıw haqqında maǵluwmatlar keltiriledi. Sonday-aq, studentler toparına treninglerdi shólkemlestiriw arqalı zamanagóy pedagogikalıq metodlardı shólkemlestiriwdiń áhmieti hám basqıshları haqqında maǵlıwmatlar beriledi.
13-16
53
13
TÁRBIYAǴA TÁSIR ETIWSHI FAKTORLAR HÁM TÁRBIYANI QÁLIPLESTIRIW BASQISHLARI
Bul izertlewde tárbiyanıń zamanagóy metodları, tárbiyanı qáliplestiriw hám jaslardı tárbiyalaw basqıshları haqqında maǵlıwmatlar keltirilgen. Ullı danıshpanlarımızdıń tárbiya haqqındaǵı pikirleri, sonday-aq, tárbiyanı qáliplestiriw metodları haqqında pikirler keltirilgen. Shaxstı tárbiyalaw arqalı onıń dúnyaqarasın rawajlandırıw, ruwxıy jetik, kámil insan sıpatında táriyplep berilgen. Tárbiyanıń zamanagóy modellerinde muǵallim hám oqıwshınıń, perzent tárbiyalanǵan shańaraq dógeregine úzliksiz baylanıslı esaplanadı.
17-19
61
34
ДИАГНОСТИКА ЧИТАТЕЛЬСКОЙ ГРАМОТНОСТИ УЧАЩИХСЯ НАЧАЛЬНЫХ КЛАССОВ НА ОСНОВЕ КРИТЕРИЕВ ОЦЕНКИ PIRLS
В статье раскрывается сущность диагностики читательской грамотности учащихся начальных классов на основе критериев международного исследования PIRLS (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study). Рассматриваются цели, содержание и методы диагностики, а также роль диагностического процесса в развитии у школьников навыков понимания, анализа и интерпретации текста.
20-23
59
63
O‘QUVCHILARNING O'QIB, ESHITIB TUSHUNISH, OG‘ZAKI VA YOZMA NUTQ MALAKASINI SHAKLLANTIRISH BOSQICHLARINI O‘RGANISH
This thesis describes the step-by-step process of students' reading and listening comprehension, as well as oral and written speech skills. For each skill, effective methods, exercises and the importance of an integrative approach are shown.
4-6
52
11
HUDUDLARDA IQTISODIY SAVODXONLIKNI OSHIRISHNING MUAMMOLARI VA YECHIMLARI: SURXONDARYO VILOYATI MISOLIDA
This thesis analyzes the current problems of increasing economic literacy in the regions and ways to solve them using the example of Surkhandarya region. Economic literacy is an important factor determining the culture of the population in making financial decisions, the ability to participate in market relations, and the level of rational use of resources. In regional conditions, the level of economic knowledge of the population is uneven, which affects economic stability. The thesis, based on the experience of Surkhandarya region, discusses the problems of increasing economic literacy, the possibilities of using education and digital resources, and future development directions on a scientific basis.
7-9
50
18
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING INNOVATIVE METHODS IN EDUCATION
Mazkur maqolada ta’lim jarayonida innovatsion metodlardan foydalanishning nazariy asoslari, ularning amaliyotdagi qo‘llanish holati hamda o‘qitish samaradorligiga ta’siri tahlil qilinadi. Innovatsion metodlarning o‘quvchi shaxsini faollashtirish, mustaqil fikrlash va ijodiy yondashuvni rivojlantirishdagi roli ochib beriladi. Tadqiqot davomida pedagogik kuzatish, tahlil, so‘rovnoma va statistik ma’lumotlarni solishtirish usullaridan foydalanildi. Olingan natijalar ta’lim tizimida innovatsion metodlarni keng joriy etish zarurligini ko‘rsatdi.
10-12
46
13
EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF SCHOOL LEADERSHIP ON TEACHER MORALE AND RETENTION THROUGH A MIXED-METHODS CASE STUDY
This study investigates the influence of school leadership on teacher morale and retention within the context of contemporary educational institutions. Using a mixed-methods case study, data were collected through teacher surveys and semi-structured interviews with school administrators. The findings demonstrate that leadership styles, communication patterns, and emotional support significantly affect teacher satisfaction, motivation, and their willingness to remain in the profession. Transformational leadership correlates positively with high morale and commitment, while autocratic or transactional styles are associated with dissatisfaction and turnover intentions. The study concludes that developing emotionally intelligent and participatory leaders is essential to improve teacher retention and sustain educational quality.
13-16
40
13
ABDULLA ORIPOV LIRIKASIDA AYOL OBRAZI
This article analyzes the artistic interpretation and unique manifestations of the female image in the poetics of Abdulla Oripov. In the work of the poet, the appearance of a woman in different forms, their classification and illumination in the spiritual-aesthetic content are considered on a scientific basis. In the research, the artist's individual approach to creating a female figure, skill and aesthetic views imbued with the national spirit are separately studied.
17-19
57
16
OCHIQ KON ISHLARIDA QAZUVCHI-YUKLOVCHI MASHINALAR RATSIONAL TURINI TADQIQ QILISH VA ASOSLASH
Mazkur tezis orqali “Karyerlarning mexanik uskunalari” kursining ochiq kon ishlarida tog’-kon mashinalari va majmualarini ishlatish sohasini chuqur o’rganishdir. Bunda mehnat unumdorligini tez oshirish uchun mashinalarning birlik quvvatini ko‘paytirish, xavfsizroq, foydalanishda ishonchli, ta’mirlashga qulaylik va boshqarishda osonlik yaratadigan uskunalarni ishlab chiqarish, shuningdek, o‘zining texnik-iqtisodiy ko‘rsatkichlari bo‘yicha eng yaxshi mahalliy va xorijiy mashinalardan ustun bo‘lgan mutlaqo yangi mehnat vositalarini yaratish va joriy etish orqali miqdoriy emas, balki sifat o‘zgarishlari zarurligini o’rganishdir. Bu masalani hal qilish uchun mavjud konstruksiyalarni, ularning ishlash tamoyilini o‘rganish, kon sanoatida qo‘llanilayotgan texnika namunalarining afzalliklari va kamchiliklarini baholash lozim.
Qazish-yuklash mashinalarining rivojlanish tendensiyalari va istiqbollari bilan tanishish ham muhimdir.
Qazish-yuklash mashinalarining rivojlanish tendensiyalari va istiqbollari bilan tanishish ham muhimdir.
20-23
126
63
O‘ZBEK TILIDA SODDA GAPLARNING TUZILISH MODELLARI
Ushbu maqolada o‘zbek tilidagi sodda gaplarning tuzilish modellari, ularning grammatik va semantik xususiyatlari, tarkibiy komponentlarining mantiqiy hamda sintaktik munosabatlari ilmiy yondashuv asosida tahlil etiladi. O‘zbek tili agglutinativ tizimga ega bo‘lgani uchun sodda gaplar tarkibida so‘zlarning grammatik shakllari, morfologik ko‘rsatkichlar, kesimning markaziy roli, ega–kesim munosabatlari va gapning bo‘laklarga ajralish qonuniyatlari alohida ahamiyatga ega. Maqolada sodda gaplarning asosiy tipologik modellari — ikki bo‘lakli gaplar, bir bo‘lakli gaplar, nomli gaplar, fe’l-kesimli gaplar, ot-kesimli gaplar, shuningdek kengaygan va tor sodda gaplarning strukturaviy ko‘rinishlari keng yoritiladi.
Sodda gapning sintaktik asosini tashkil qiluvchi predikativlik, kesimning grammatik kategoriyalari, gap bo‘laklari orasidagi bog‘lanishlar ham zamonaviy lingvistik talqinlar asosida tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot natijalari o‘zbek tili sintaksisini chuqur o‘rganish, matn tilshunosligi, mantiqiy-sintaktik tahlil va lingvistik modellashtirish amaliyotlarida muhim nazariy va amaliy ahamiyat kasb etadi.
Sodda gapning sintaktik asosini tashkil qiluvchi predikativlik, kesimning grammatik kategoriyalari, gap bo‘laklari orasidagi bog‘lanishlar ham zamonaviy lingvistik talqinlar asosida tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot natijalari o‘zbek tili sintaksisini chuqur o‘rganish, matn tilshunosligi, mantiqiy-sintaktik tahlil va lingvistik modellashtirish amaliyotlarida muhim nazariy va amaliy ahamiyat kasb etadi.
351-354
150
12
GENDER STEREOTIPLERINIŃ SHAXSLAR ARALIQ BAYLANISLI TÁSIRI HÁM OLARDI PSIXOLOGIYALIQ TRENING ARQALI KOREKCIYALAW JOLLARI
Usı izertlewde gender stereotipleriniń shaxslar aralıq qatnasıqları hám psixologiyalıq treningler arqalı gender stereotiplerin korrekciyalaw usılları haqqında maǵluwmatlar keltirilgen. Bul maǵlıwmatlarǵa tiykarlanǵan halda insannıń ózin-ózi ańlawǵa, sociallıq-ruwxıy jaǵdayların bahalawǵa járdem beriwshi psixologiyalıq treninglerdi shólkemlestiriw processleri basqıshpa-basqısh ámelge asırıw arqalı kelip shıqqan hár qıylı psixologiyalıq mashqalalı jaǵdaylardı saplastırıw múmkin boladı.
355-358
56
20
AKADEMIK LITSEY O‘QUVCHILARI UCHUN AXBOROT TEXNOLOGIYALARI FANIDA LOYIHA ASOSIDA O‘QITISHNING SAMARALI JIHATLARI
Mazkur maqolada akademik litsey o‘quvchilariga axborot texnologiyalari fanini loyiha asosida o‘qitish metodikasining nazariy va amaliy asoslari, ta’lim jarayonida loyiha faoliyatining o‘quvchilarda mustaqil fikrlash, tahliliy yondashuv, kreativlik, jamoada ishlash, axborot savodxonligini rivojlantirishga ko‘rsatadigan ta’siri ilmiy nuqtai nazardan tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, loyiha asosida o‘qitishning ta’lim samaradorligini oshiruvchi omillari, axborot-kommunikatsiya vositalari bilan integratsiyasi, o‘quvchilarning raqamli kompetensiyasini mustahkamlashdagi o‘rni va zamonaviy o‘qitish texnologiyalari bilan uyg‘unlashuvi yoritiladi.
25-27
53
7
POLIETILIN ZAVODLARIDA ISHLOVCHI ISHCHILARNING TISH KASALLIKLARI BILAN OG'RISHI
Sanoatning jadal rivojlanishi va kimyoviy ishlab chiqarishning kengayishi bilan birga, ishlab chiqarish muhitining inson sog‘lig‘iga, xususan, og‘iz bo‘shlig‘i salomatligiga ta’siri dolzarb masalaga aylandi. Polietilen ishlab chiqaradigan korxonalarda ish jarayonida turli xil kimyoviy moddalar—etilen, katalizator qoldiqlari, chang, yuqori harorat, formaldegid izlari, mikroplastik zarrachalar—doimiy ravishda havoga ajralib, ishchilar organizmiga nafas yo‘llari, shilliq qavatlar va teri orqali kirishi mumkin. Bunday omillar og‘iz bo‘shlig‘i mikroflorasini o‘zgartirishi, tish emalining yemirilishiga, karies rivojlanishiga, parodont to‘qimalarining yallig‘lanishiga va boshqa stomatologik kasalliklarning oshishiga olib keladi.
28-30
53
11
METALL ZAVODLARI ISHCHILARINING TISH KASALLIKLARI BILAN OG‘RISHI
Metallurgiya sanoati ishlab chiqarish texnologiyasining murakkabligi, yuqori harorat, mexanik zarrachalar, metall changlari va kimyoviy gazlarning doimiy mavjudligi bilan ajralib turadi. Bunday omillar nafaqat nafas tizimi yoki teriga, balki og‘iz bo‘shlig‘i va tishlar salomatligiga ham sezilarli darajada zarar yetkazadi. Metall zavodlari ishchilari ayniqsa temir, alyuminiy, mis, rux, marganes va boshqa metall oksidlari bilan nafas olish orqali bevosita aloqa qiladi. Metall changlarining tish emaliga yopishishi, shilliq qavatga ta’siri va og‘iz bo‘shlig‘i mikroflorasini o‘zgartirishi tufayli stomatologik kasalliklar ushbu kasb vakillari orasida umumiy aholiga nisbatan ancha ko‘p uchraydi.
31-34
119
18
THE ROLE OF STUDENT-CENTERED LEARNING IN MODERN EDUCATION: AN EXTENDED ACADEMIC STUDY
This study explores the theoretical foundations, practical mechanisms, and long-term significance of student-centered learning in contemporary education. The research highlights how shifting from traditional teacher-led instruction to learner-focused environments enhances academic achievement, motivation, and independent thinking. The study examines various pedagogical strategies that support active engagement, including collaborative tasks, inquiry-based learning, and technology-assisted methods. It also analyzes how this approach contributes to developing essential 21st-century skills such as critical thinking, communication, and problem-solving. The findings show that student-centered learning creates a more flexible, inclusive, and effective educational environment. Overall, the study demonstrates that this model plays a vital role in improving educational quality and preparing learners for modern societal and professional demands.
35-37
174
20
PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCE AND ITS COMPONENTS: THE FOUNDATION OF EFFECTIVE TEACHING
This study explores the concept of pedagogical competence and its key components, emphasizing its critical role in effective teaching and learning. Pedagogical competence is a multidimensional construct that includes subject knowledge, pedagogical skills, classroom management, communication and interpersonal abilities, and professional ethics. Each component contributes to creating an inclusive, engaging, and productive learning environment that meets diverse student needs. The research highlights how well-developed pedagogical competence enhances student engagement, promotes critical thinking, supports collaborative and autonomous learning, and ensures continuous teacher improvement. The findings underscore the importance of fostering these competencies in teacher training and professional development to achieve high-quality education in modern contexts.
38-41
120
25
THE IMPORTANCE OF USING VISUAL AIDS IN TEACHING ENGLISH VOCABULARY TO YOUNG LEARNERS
This study explores the crucial role of visual aids in supporting and enhancing vocabulary acquisition among young learners of English. By combining comparative analysis of teaching methods with empirical research findings, it investigates how various visual elements such as flashcards, illustrations, digital media, and realia aid cognitive processing, strengthen memory retention, and make learning more meaningful. The study also considers how these tools contribute to a stimulating and interactive classroom environment, fostering higher levels of student engagement, motivation, and participation. Furthermore, it examines the effectiveness of visual aids in bridging the gap between abstract vocabulary concepts and learners’ concrete understanding, highlighting their importance as an essential component of modern pedagogical strategies for early language education.
42-44
94
13
THE IMPACT OF READING STRATEGIES ON STUDENTS’ COMPREHENSION AND RETENTION
This study investigates the impact of reading strategies on students’ comprehension and retention, emphasizing their role in enhancing academic performance and cognitive development. By examining pre-reading, during-reading, and post-reading strategies, the research highlights how structured approaches facilitate active engagement with texts, promote critical thinking, and improve long-term memory. The findings indicate that learners who consistently apply these strategies are better able to process information, retain knowledge, and transfer skills across various academic contexts. The study underscores the importance of integrating reading strategies into instructional practice to develop autonomous, strategic, and effective learners.
45-48
129
15
HOW TECHNOLOGY IS TRANSFORMING CLASSROOM LEARNING
This article explores the transformative impact of technology on classroom learning, emphasizing its role in enhancing student engagement, academic performance, and the development of essential 21st-century skills. The study draws on a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative data from teacher surveys and interviews with quantitative analysis of student performance data. Findings indicate that technology fosters a more dynamic learning environment, particularly in interactive and collaborative tasks, and leads to improved academic outcomes. However, challenges such as unequal access to technology and the need for effective teacher training are also highlighted. The article concludes that while technology can significantly enhance educational experiences, a balanced approach that integrates both digital tools and traditional teaching methods is essential for maximizing the benefits of classroom learning.
49-52
112
9
INNOVATIVE TEACHING METHODS IN MODERN EDUCATION
This article explores the role and effectiveness of innovative teaching methods in modern education. It examines approaches such as project-based learning, flipped classrooms, blended learning, gamification, and interactive digital tools. The study highlights how these methods enhance student engagement, comprehension, retention, critical thinking, creativity, and collaborative skills. Furthermore, it emphasizes the shift from traditional teacher-centered approaches to learner-centered strategies that foster autonomy and active participation. The findings suggest that integrating innovative teaching methods is essential for preparing students for academic, professional, and social challenges in the 21st century.
53-56
109
17
MANIFESTATION OF SPEECH ACT TYPES IN UZBEK MEDIA DISCOURSE
This study explores the manifestation of speech act types in Uzbek media discourse, focusing on how language functions to inform, persuade, and engage audiences. It examines assertives, directives, commissives, expressives, and declarations in newspapers, television programs, and digital platforms. The research highlights how these speech acts are realized, combined, and influenced by cultural and social contexts. Findings indicate that media language not only conveys information but also performs social actions, shapes public attitudes, and strengthens audience engagement. The study contributes to the understanding of pragmatics in the Uzbek language and offers insights for improving media literacy and journalistic communication strategies.
57-61
108
10
AN ANALYTICAL STUDY ON MODERN PEDAGOGICAL METHODS FOR ENHANCING STUDENT ENGAGEMENT
This article presents an analytical study of modern pedagogical methods aimed at enhancing student engagement in contemporary educational environments. The research examines the theoretical foundations of learner-centered instruction, including constructivist, socio-cultural, and motivational perspectives. It further explores student engagement as a multidimensional construct encompassing behavioral, emotional, and cognitive components.
Through the analysis of innovative methods such as project-based learning, blended learning, gamification, and technology-enhanced instruction, the study identifies their significant influence on student motivation, participation, and academic outcomes. The findings highlight that modern pedagogical strategies foster active learning, strengthen intrinsic motivation, and improve comprehension through interactive and meaningful learning experiences. The article concludes that adopting these methods is essential for creating dynamic, effective, and future-oriented learning environments.
Through the analysis of innovative methods such as project-based learning, blended learning, gamification, and technology-enhanced instruction, the study identifies their significant influence on student motivation, participation, and academic outcomes. The findings highlight that modern pedagogical strategies foster active learning, strengthen intrinsic motivation, and improve comprehension through interactive and meaningful learning experiences. The article concludes that adopting these methods is essential for creating dynamic, effective, and future-oriented learning environments.
62-64
49
12
PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS AS A CRUCIAL ELEMENT OF LITERARY TEXT (“The Headless Horseman” by T.M. Reid)
Phraseological units are linguistic universals and are present in all languages. The establishment of English as a mean of international communication exacerbates certain linguistic problems, the solutions to which, in turn, elicit varied reactions from both native speakers and learners of the language. The relevance of this research lies in the fact that our speech represents only a part of what is encompassed by the concept of "language," and the regulation of linguistic relationships is connected to background knowledge. "The inner form, the image underlying the meaning or usage of a word, can only be understood against the backdrop of the material and spiritual culture within which it originated."
65-67
70
20
THE IMAGESOF WOMENINPEARL S.BUCK’S NOVELS
This study examines the portrayal of Chinese (Eastern) women in five of Pearl S. Buck’s novels: East Wind: West Wind, The Good Earth, The Mother, Pavilion of Women, and Peony. Buck’s female characters, both as individuals and as typical representations, provide a realistic picture of women in Chinese society. The study shows that these women, often constrained by social norms, use intelligence, resilience, and subtle strategies, including manipulation or self-sacrifice, to pursue dignity, love, happiness, and personal goals. Buck presents them as courageous, enduring, and morally strong figures, highlighting their roles as mothers, wives, and family pillars. Her works reflect Confucianism and the social conditions of the time, demonstrating women’s struggle for survival, ethical values, and fortitude. Through these depictions, Buck bridges cultural understanding between East and West, emphasizing universal themes of womanhood and motherhood.
115-122
69
17
AAOIFI STANDARTLARINING ISLOM BANKLARIDA RISKLARNI BOSHQARISHDAGI ROLI
This article provides a scientific analysis of the significance, challenges, and ways to improve the AAOIFI (Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions) standard in managing risks within Islamic banks. Since Islamic banks are prohibited from conducting activities based on interest (riba), their level of risk may be higher compared to conventional banks. Therefore, a special AAOIFI standard has been developed for Islamic banks.
The article examines the main types of risks in Islamic banks — liquidity, operational, credit, and Shariah compliance risks. It also explores the theoretical and practical importance of the AAOIFI standard in managing these risks. The research results show that Islamic banks applying the AAOIFI standard have lower risk levels and greater financial stability.
The article examines the main types of risks in Islamic banks — liquidity, operational, credit, and Shariah compliance risks. It also explores the theoretical and practical importance of the AAOIFI standard in managing these risks. The research results show that Islamic banks applying the AAOIFI standard have lower risk levels and greater financial stability.
123-125
46
9
EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF SCHOOL LEADERSHIP ON TEACHER MORALE AND RETENTION THROUGH A MIXED-METHODS CASE STUDY
Teacher morale and retention are pressing issues that affect school quality and student outcomes. The present study investigates how school leadership practices influence teacher morale and decisions to remain in the profession. Employing a mixed-methods case study, the research combines survey data with semi-structured interviews from teachers in three secondary schools. Findings indicate that leaders who demonstrate clear communication, emotional support, and opportunities for professional growth foster higher morale and a greater likelihood of retention. Conversely, authoritarian practices and lack of recognition correlate with burnout and turnover intentions. The paper concludes with recommendations for leadership development, participatory decision-making, and institutional support to strengthen teacher commitment.
126-131
36
17
O‘ZBEKISTON SHAROITIDA GLOBAL ISISH JARAYONLARI VA UNING EKOLOGIK XAVFLARI
Maqolada O‘zbekiston sharoitida global isish jarayonlarining hozirgi holati, ularning asosiy sabablari va ekologik oqibatlari ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilindi. Suv tanqisligi, qurg‘oqchilik, cho‘llanish, Orolbo‘yi inqirozi, ekstremal ob-havo hodisalari va sog‘liq uchun xavflar keng yoritildi. Shuningdek, global isishning salbiy ta’sirini kamaytirish bo‘yicha ekologik strategiyalar va innovatsion yechimlar taklif qilindi.
132-135
49
8
YOSH RASSOMLARNING IJODIY TAFAKKURINI RIVOJLANTIRISHNING PEDAGOGIK ASOSLARI
This study examines the pedagogical factors, methods, and innovative educational approaches that contribute to the development of creative thinking in young artists. It explores the theoretical foundations of creative thinking, its stages of formation, and the pedagogical conditions that support the development of artistic abilities within art education. The effectiveness of plein air practice, observation-based drawing, the development of compositional thinking, and creative assignments is scientifically substantiated. The findings indicate that fostering a creative environment, applying individualized approaches, providing motivational support, and stimulating imagination play a crucial role in enhancing the creative growth and artistic individuality of young artists.
136-139
45
14
TURLI MAMLAKATLARDA O’QITUVCHILARNI TAYYORLASH VA ULARNING MALAKASINI OSHIRISH TIZIMINING TAQQOSIY TAHLILI.
Maqolada turli mamlakatlarda o‘qituvchilarni tayyorlash va ularning malakasini oshirish tizimi tahlil qilingan. Zamonaviy ta’lim jarayonida pedagogning kasbiy kompetensiyasi va uzluksiz rivojlanishi muhim omil sifatida baholanadi. Finlyandiya, Yaponiya va AQSh tajribalari O‘zbekiston tizimi bilan qiyoslanib, o‘xshash hamda farqli jihatlar aniqlangan.
Tadqiqot natijalari o‘qituvchilar malakasini oshirishni takomillashtirish va xalqaro tajribalarni milliy sharoitga moslashtirishda amaliy ahamiyat kasb etadi.
Tadqiqot natijalari o‘qituvchilar malakasini oshirishni takomillashtirish va xalqaro tajribalarni milliy sharoitga moslashtirishda amaliy ahamiyat kasb etadi.
140-145
47
13
JINOYAT ISHLARI BO'YICHA SUDGA QADAR ISH YURITISHNI AXBOROT TEXNOLOGIYALARIDAN FOYDALANGAN HOLDA SODDALASHTIRISH MASALALARI
This article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of optimizing pre-trial proceedings in criminal cases using information technology tools. The study compares best practices from the experience of Uzbekistan, Russia and foreign countries, assesses the potential of information technologies to reduce the duration of pre-trial proceedings, increase the speed of processing procedural documents and improve the quality of proceedings. Based on the results obtained, practical recommendations have been developed for further expansion of digital technologies in the investigative bodies of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
146-150
39
10
IJRO HUJJATLARINI BAJARMAGANLIK UCHUN JAVOBGARLIKNI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH
This article examines the issue of improving the mechanisms of liability for non-execution of executive documents. The results show that there is a need to strengthen the measures of liability for non-execution of executive documents, introduce an electronic system of conducting enforcement proceedings, and improve mechanisms for monitoring the execution of court decisions. The article proposes directions for modernization of national legislation by comparing the experience of Uzbekistan and other countries.
151-154
44
10
GLOBALLASHUV SHAROITIDA EKOLOGIK ONG VA EKOLOGIK MADANIYATNI RIVOJLANTIRISHNING IJTIMOIY-SIYOSIY ZARURIYATI
Ushbu maqola globallashuv sharoitida ekologik ong va ekologik madaniyatning ijtimoiy-siyosiy zaruriyatini ilmiy nuqtai nazardan tahlil qiladi. Globallashuv jarayoni iqtisodiy, madaniy va texnologik integratsiyani kuchaytirgan holda, atrof-muhitga bosimni oshirmoqda va ekologik muammolarni jadal sur’atda kuchaytiradi. Shu munosabat bilan jamiyatda ekologik ongni shakllantirish va ekologik madaniyatni rivojlantirish ijtimoiy barqarorlik, siyosiy stabillik va kelajak avlodning huquqlarini himoya qilishning muhim omiliga aylanadi. Maqolada ekologik madaniyatni shakllantirishning institutsional mexanizmlari, davlat va fuqarolar hamkorligini mustahkamlash, shuningdek ekologik siyosat va huquqiy mexanizmlarning samarali amalga oshirilishi orqali global ekologik tahdidlarni kamaytirishning strategik yo‘llari ko‘rib chiqiladi.
155-159
56
20
FITRATNING “SARF” ASARIDA GRAMMATIK SHAKLLAR
Ushbu maqolada jadid olim Abdurauf Fitratning “Sarf” asaridagi grammatik shakllarga oid qarashlar so‘zga olingan.
160-164
48
12
SINGAPUR METODIKASI YORDAMIDA ARIFMETIK AMALLARNI OSON VA TEZ O'QITISH
Ushbu maqola Singapur matematika o'qitish metodikasining CPA (Concrete-Pictorial-Abstract) yondashuvi asosida boshlang'ich sinf o'quvchilariga arifmetik amallarni o'qitishning nazariy asoslari va amaliy usullarini tahliI qiladi. Maqolada qo'shish, ayirish, ko'paytirish va bo'lish amallarini o'qitishda qo'llaniladigan vizual modellar, "Bar Model" usuli va o'yinlashtirilgan mashqlarning samaradorligi o'rganilgan. Asosiy e'tibor arifmetik tushunchalarni chuqur tushunishga qaratilgan bo'lib, an'anaviy mexanik yodlash o'rniga tushunishga asoslangan yondashuv tavsiya etiladi. Maqolada mental hisoblash strategiyalari, sonlarni aqlli parchalash usullari va xatolarni tuzatish metodlari batafsil yoritilgan. O'zbekiston ta'lim tizimi uchun amaliy ahamiyatga ega bo'lgan ushbu maqolada Singapur metodikasini mahalliy sharoitga moslashtirish yo'llari ko'rsatilgan, shuningdek, differensiallashgan ta'lim va individual yondashuv orqali har xil qobiliyatdagi o'quvchilarga arifmetik amallarni o'rgatishning samarali usullari taklif etilgan.
165-169
29
11
DETERMINATION OF ZINC (II) ION USING A SOLUTION OF 1-(2-HYDROXY-1-NAPHTHAZO)-2-NAPHTHOL-4-SULFONIC ACID
A method for the determination of the zinc (II) ion using a solution of 1-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthazo)-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid (HNNS) by extraction-spectrophotometric and cyclic voltammetric techniques is proposed. The optimal conditions were studied: distribution coefficient 0.98, choice of organic solvent, the ratio of organic to aqueous phases of 1:8, standard potential -0.51 V, and the detection limit of 0.387 µg/L. The reagent shows light absorption at 500 nm [1], contrast equal to 100 nm, and potential contrast of 0.98 V, which demonstrates the high sensitivity of the developed method. The developed method was compared with other analytical techniques and proved to be not inferior to them.
170-172
36
10
MONEY SUPPLY AND MONETARY POLICY
This article examines the role of monetary policy, the essence and objectives of monetary regulation, proper management of the money supply, the level of inflation in the economy, maintaining the value of the national currency, as well as the impact of monetary policy on economic growth.
173-178
46
11
“ЯШИЛ” ИҚТИСОДИЁТНИ РИВОЖЛАНТИРИШДА ДАВЛАТ-ХУСУСИЙ ШЕРИКЛИК МЕХАНИЗМЛАРИДАН ФОЙДАЛАНИШ МАСАЛАЛАРИ
Ушбу Мақолада “яшил” иқтисодиётни ривожлантиришда давлат-хусусий шериклик муносабатларининг аҳамиятли жиҳатларига эътибор қаратилган.
“Яшил” иқтисодиёт концепцияси, унинг моҳиятиочиб берилган, исрофгар бизнес моделидан экологик тоза моделга ўтиш имконини берувчи “яшил” технологияларни жорий этиш муҳимлиги асосланган. Аксарият мамлакатларда, жумладан, Ўзбекистонда кенг тарқалган “яшил” иқтисодиётни ривожлантиришнинг асосий йўналишлари белгилаб берилган.
“Яшил” иқтисодиёт концепцияси, унинг моҳиятиочиб берилган, исрофгар бизнес моделидан экологик тоза моделга ўтиш имконини берувчи “яшил” технологияларни жорий этиш муҳимлиги асосланган. Аксарият мамлакатларда, жумладан, Ўзбекистонда кенг тарқалган “яшил” иқтисодиётни ривожлантиришнинг асосий йўналишлари белгилаб берилган.
179-183
33
11
CHINA’S EXPERIENCE IN IMPROVING INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS
This article examines the experience of the People’s Republic of China in enhancing investment attractiveness. In particular, the strategic location of the first established Special Economic Zones (SEZs), the rationale behind selecting these specific regions, and their role as an important factor in economic development and global integration are analyzed.
184-187
43
11
PATENTED INVENTIONS IN RECENT YEARS
This scientific article examines the role of innovations and inventions in technological development and scientifically analyzes the fundamental criteria of the concept of invention. The current patent legislation of Uzbekistan, the procedure for conducting examination of inventions, and recent patent data are reviewed. In addition, the importance of publicly disclosing both granted patents and rejected applications in supporting the activities of new inventors is substantiated.
188-192
40
19
HOZIRGI O‘ZBEK TILINING QO‘SHMA GAP SINTAKSISI
This article examines the structure, semantic and grammatical features of complex sentences in modern Uzbek, their classification, and functional capabilities in the speech process based on scientific methodology. The identification of the components of complex sentences, the means connecting them, semantic relations, and stylistic significance are highlighted based on scientific examples.
5-10
28
12
IMPROVING THE METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING STUDENTS' LOGICAL THINKING SKILLS THROUGH HISTORY LESSONS
This scientific article comprehensively analyzes the theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation of logical thinking skills in students through history lessons. The article highlights the role of history in the development of cognitive processes such as understanding cause-and-effect relationships, forming an analytical approach, comparing, generalizing and evaluating. The psychological and pedagogical essence of logical thinking, the stages of development of thinking processes, and factors that increase the student's mental activity when working with historical materials are scientifically highlighted. The effectiveness of methods such as analyzing historical sources, creating problem situations, stimulating thinking through a system of questions, modeling historical events, analyzing based on a cause-and-effect chain, and teaching the principles of variant and historicity in the formation of students' logical thinking is shown.
11-16
52
22
СПЕЦИФИКА РАННЕЙ ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ ПРАВОНАРУШЕНИЙ В МАХАЛЛЯХ
The article examines the specific features of early offense prevention within mahallas — a core institution of civil society in the Republic of Uzbekistan. It explores legal frameworks and practical mechanisms for identifying and supervising individuals at risk and conducting individualized preventive measures at the community level. Particular attention is given to the coordination among key prevention actors — law enforcement agencies, prevention inspectors, mahalla leaders, and public organizations. The study identifies challenges limiting the effectiveness of preventive activities and proposes recommendations aimed at improving regulatory and organizational mechanisms to strengthen community safety in mahallas.
17-21
36
38
“SHAXSIY ERKINLIK VA XAVFSIZLIK HUQUQI: KONSTITUTSIYAVIY HIMOYANING ZAMONAVIY YONDASHUVLARI”
Ushbu maqola Konstitutsiyada mustahkamlangan shaxsiy erkinlik va shaxsiy xavfsizlik huquqining nazariy-huquqiy asoslarini chuqur tahlil qilishga bag‘ishlanadi.
Tadqiqotda insonning tug‘ma va ajralmas huquqi sifatida e’tirof etilgan shaxsiy erkinlikning huquqiy tabiati, uning mazmun-mohiyati hamda konstitutsiyaviy normalar orqali ta’minlanish mexanizmlari ilmiy asosda yoritiladi. Shuningdek, shaxsning noqonuniy hibsga olinishi, asossiz javobgarlikka tortilishi yoki erkinligining turli shakllarda cheklanishi ustidan samarali himoyani ta’minlovchi protsessual kafolatlar, jumladan sud nazorati, advokat yordami, habeas corpus instituti va odil sudlov prinsiplari keng tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada zamonaviy konstitutsiyaviy rivojlanish jarayonlari, xalqaro inson huquqlari standartlari (Xalqaro paktlar, Yevropa va Amerika konvensiyalari tajribasi) hamda milliy qonunchilik o‘rtasidagi uyg‘unlik masalalari qiyosiy uslubda ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shaxsiy xavfsizlik huquqining amaliy jihatlari, xususan, davlat organlarining majburiyati, ularning protsessual vakolatlarini cheklash, inson sha’ni va qadr-qimmatini asrashga doir huquqiy mexanizmlar ham batafsil ochib beriladi.
Muallif zamonaviy konstitutsion yondashuvlarda shakllanib borayotgan yangi tamoyillar — inson huquqlarining ustuvorligi, davlatning javobgarligi, huquqni suiiste’mol qilishga qarshi kafolatlar, raqamli xavfsizlik va shaxsiy ma’lumotlar daxlsizligining kuchayib borishi kabi tendensiyalarni ham tahlil qiladi. Tadqiqot natijasida O‘zbekiston Konstitutsiyasida belgilangan shaxsiy erkinlik va xavfsizlik huquqlarining inson manfaatlari yo‘lida samarali ishlashini ta’minlash bo‘yicha ilmiy-huquqiy xulosalar va takliflar ishlab chiqiladi. Maqola inson huquqlari bo‘yicha mutaxassislar, yuridik ta’lim olish jarayonidagi talabalar, amaliyotchi yuristlar hamda konstitutsiyaviy islohotlar jarayoniga qiziqayotgan barcha o‘quvchilar uchun nazariy va amaliy ahamiyatga ega.
Tadqiqotda insonning tug‘ma va ajralmas huquqi sifatida e’tirof etilgan shaxsiy erkinlikning huquqiy tabiati, uning mazmun-mohiyati hamda konstitutsiyaviy normalar orqali ta’minlanish mexanizmlari ilmiy asosda yoritiladi. Shuningdek, shaxsning noqonuniy hibsga olinishi, asossiz javobgarlikka tortilishi yoki erkinligining turli shakllarda cheklanishi ustidan samarali himoyani ta’minlovchi protsessual kafolatlar, jumladan sud nazorati, advokat yordami, habeas corpus instituti va odil sudlov prinsiplari keng tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada zamonaviy konstitutsiyaviy rivojlanish jarayonlari, xalqaro inson huquqlari standartlari (Xalqaro paktlar, Yevropa va Amerika konvensiyalari tajribasi) hamda milliy qonunchilik o‘rtasidagi uyg‘unlik masalalari qiyosiy uslubda ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shaxsiy xavfsizlik huquqining amaliy jihatlari, xususan, davlat organlarining majburiyati, ularning protsessual vakolatlarini cheklash, inson sha’ni va qadr-qimmatini asrashga doir huquqiy mexanizmlar ham batafsil ochib beriladi.
Muallif zamonaviy konstitutsion yondashuvlarda shakllanib borayotgan yangi tamoyillar — inson huquqlarining ustuvorligi, davlatning javobgarligi, huquqni suiiste’mol qilishga qarshi kafolatlar, raqamli xavfsizlik va shaxsiy ma’lumotlar daxlsizligining kuchayib borishi kabi tendensiyalarni ham tahlil qiladi. Tadqiqot natijasida O‘zbekiston Konstitutsiyasida belgilangan shaxsiy erkinlik va xavfsizlik huquqlarining inson manfaatlari yo‘lida samarali ishlashini ta’minlash bo‘yicha ilmiy-huquqiy xulosalar va takliflar ishlab chiqiladi. Maqola inson huquqlari bo‘yicha mutaxassislar, yuridik ta’lim olish jarayonidagi talabalar, amaliyotchi yuristlar hamda konstitutsiyaviy islohotlar jarayoniga qiziqayotgan barcha o‘quvchilar uchun nazariy va amaliy ahamiyatga ega.
22-24
59
12
THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND CURRENT STATE OF UZBEK DOCUMENTATION
This article analyzes the stages of the historical formation of Uzbek documentation, its development in connection with socio-political processes, and the form and content of the modern documentation system. First of all, the foundations of the national documentation school are revealed on the example of inscriptions created since ancient Turkic times, medieval oriental divankhona traditions, and documents typical of the khanate period.
The next stage covers the standardization and unification of documentation in the process of improving state administration, departmental work, and the regulatory and legal system since the second half of the 20th century. Also, during the years of Uzbekistan's independence, there have been widespread achievements in such areas as electronic document management, digital archives, and the development of regulatory and methodological documents in accordance with modern requirements. The article concludes with the current state of documentation, development prospects, and proposals for its improvement.
The next stage covers the standardization and unification of documentation in the process of improving state administration, departmental work, and the regulatory and legal system since the second half of the 20th century. Also, during the years of Uzbekistan's independence, there have been widespread achievements in such areas as electronic document management, digital archives, and the development of regulatory and methodological documents in accordance with modern requirements. The article concludes with the current state of documentation, development prospects, and proposals for its improvement.
25-27
62
32
THE IMPORTANCE OF ORTHOGRAPHY AND PUNCTUATION NORMS IN DOCUMENTS
This article scientifically and practically highlights the crucial importance of strictly adhering to spelling and punctuation norms in the field of official business correspondence. It analyzes that orthography and punctuation are key factors in preventing various legal, financial, and communicative errors, while also ensuring the clarity, precision, and uniform interpretation of the document's text. The study illuminates the role of these norms in determining the document's reliability and the level of the institution's language culture.
28-36
33
14
XALQARO TRANSPORT TASHUVLARINING JAHON TAJRIBASI VA UNI RESPUBLIKAMIZGA TADBIQ ETISH
Ushbu maqolada xalqaro transport tashuvlarining jahon tajribasi, uning asosiy tamoyillari va rivojlangan davlatlarda qo‘llanilayotgan samarali logistika yondashuvlari tahlil qilingan. Dunyo miqyosida transport tizimining modernizatsiya qilinishi, multimodal va intermodal tashuvlarning kengayishi, raqamli logistika texnologiyalarining qo‘llanilishi kabi yo‘nalishlar o‘rganilgan. Shuningdek, O‘zbekiston Respublikasining geografik joylashuvi, tranzit salohiyati va xalqaro transport koridorlaridagi o‘rni yoritilgan. Maqolada jahonda qo‘llanilayotgan ilg‘or tajribalarni mamlakatimiz sharoitiga mos ravishda tatbiq etish imkoniyatlari, xususan infratuzilmani modernizatsiya qilish, raqamli boshqaruvni kuchaytirish va transport-logistika xizmatlari sifatini oshirish bo‘yicha takliflar berilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari O‘zbekistonning xalqaro transport tizimidagi raqobatbardoshligini oshirishga xizmat qiladi.
37-39
30
15
IJODKORLIK PEDAGOGIKASI SOHASIDA ALALIYA NUTQ KAMCHILIGIGA EGA BO‘LGAN BOLALARNING KLINIK-PSIXOLOGIK-PEDAGOGIK XARAKTERISTIKASINI O‘RGANISH
Mazkur ilmiy maqola alaliya nutq kamchiligiga ega bo‘lgan bolalarning klinik, psixologik va pedagogik jihatlarini chuqur va keng qamrovda o‘rganishga bag‘ishlangan.
Tadqiqotda alaliyaning kelib chiqish omillari, neyrofiziologik asoslari, bolaning psixik taraqqiyotiga ta’siri, shuningdek, ijodkorlik pedagogikasi metodlari orqali nutqiy va shaxsiy rivojlanishni qo‘llab-quvvatlash imkoniyatlari batafsil yoritiladi. Maqolada alaliyali bolalarning rivojlanish dinamikasi, o‘quv jarayonidagi moslashuv muammolari, korreksion-ta’limiy faoliyatni tashkil etish mexanizmlari va innovatsion pedagogik texnologiyalarning samaradorligi tahlil qilinadi. Ilmiy ishda tizimli, faoliyatga yo‘naltirilgan, shuningdek, ijodiy yondashuvlar asosida alaliya bilan bog‘liq muammolarning kompleks yechimlari ishlab chiqiladi.
Tadqiqotda alaliyaning kelib chiqish omillari, neyrofiziologik asoslari, bolaning psixik taraqqiyotiga ta’siri, shuningdek, ijodkorlik pedagogikasi metodlari orqali nutqiy va shaxsiy rivojlanishni qo‘llab-quvvatlash imkoniyatlari batafsil yoritiladi. Maqolada alaliyali bolalarning rivojlanish dinamikasi, o‘quv jarayonidagi moslashuv muammolari, korreksion-ta’limiy faoliyatni tashkil etish mexanizmlari va innovatsion pedagogik texnologiyalarning samaradorligi tahlil qilinadi. Ilmiy ishda tizimli, faoliyatga yo‘naltirilgan, shuningdek, ijodiy yondashuvlar asosida alaliya bilan bog‘liq muammolarning kompleks yechimlari ishlab chiqiladi.
193-195
37
9
YOSH SPORTCHILARDA TRAVMA PROFILAKTIKASI VA TIKLANISH JARAYONLARINING INNOVATSION METODLARI
This article analyzes the effectiveness of innovative methods for trauma prevention and recovery acceleration in young athletes. Physical conditioning, biomechanical training, modern physiotherapy technologies, orthopedic devices, biofeedback, rehabilitation programs, and optimization of recovery through nutrients and supplementation are explored. The study provides scientific approaches to enhance athletes’ safety, reduce post-injury recovery time, and maintain continuous sports performance.
196-201
19
14
THE ISSUE OF COVERAGE OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN TURKESTAN IN "TARJIMON"
This article, based on the information published in the newspaper "Tarjimon", analyzes the Jadid schools in Turkestan, in particular the new method schools of Munavvarqori Abdurashidkhanov, Is'hoqkhon Ibrat, Russian-system schools, teaching processes in gymnasiums, the examination system, shortcomings and achievements. It also covers the efforts of Jadids to open a dorilmuallimi, the establishment of a national press and the prohibitions imposed on it, and the publication of books. The article emphasizes the patronage of local wealthy people, including Abdulghaniboy Husainov and Haji Muhammadolimbay, in the development of the Turkestan education system.
202-204
33
8
FONETIKALIQ ARTIKULYACIYA JAROYANINING SO’Z YASASHDAGI TA’SIRI. ASSIMILYACIYA, SINERETIZM.
This article examines the functional role of phonetic articulation in the system of word formation, focusing on the morphophonological mechanisms of assimilation and synaeresis. The study demonstrates that sound interaction, articulatory inertia, phonological adaptation, morpheme-boundary smoothing, and syllabic compactness significantly influence the formation of derivational structures. The research highlights the role of phonetic processes in morphological modeling, affix variation, phonetic integration between stem and affix, and the principles of prosodic economy in speech. The article provides an in-depth theoretical linguistic analysis of how phonetic mechanisms directly affect the processes of word derivation.
205-207
68
17
IQTISODIY NIZOLARNI HAL ETISHDA ADVOKAT ISHTIROKI
Ushbu maqolada, iqtisodiy nizolarni hal etishda advokat ishtiroki haqida fikr va mulohazalar yuritiladi. Iqtisodiy nizolar har qanday zamonaviy bozor iqtisodiyotining muqarrar xususiyati bo'lib, O'zbekiston davom etayotgan huquqiy, iqtisodiy va institutsional islohotlar ham bundan mustasno emas. So'nggi o'n yil ichida mamlakat o'z bozorini erkinlashtirish, xorijiy investitsiyalarni jalb qilish va xususiy tadbirkorlikni mustahkamlash bo'yicha katta qadamlar qo'ydi.
208-212
40
12
KONSTITUTSIYA - ERKIN VA FARAVON HAYOT GAROVI
O’zbekiston Reapublikasi Konstitutsiyasi nafaqat davlatning huquqiy asosi, balki demokratik,huquqiy va ijtimoiy davlat qurulishining yo’l belgisidir.Unda beldilangan tenglik, adolat, inson huquqlari prinsiiplari jamiyatning barqaror rivojlanishini ta’minlaydi.
Maqolada Konstitutsiyaning ijtimoiy,siyosiy va iqtisodiy sohalarga ta’siri, uning xalqaro huquq normalari uyg’unligi va fuqorolarning huquqiy ongini oshirishdagi roli yoritilgan.
Shuningdek, 2017-2023-yillarda amalga oshirilgan konstitutsiyaviy islohotlar yangicha huquqiy muhit yaratishga,fuqorolik jamiyatini rivojlantirishga qaratilganligi haqida mulohazalar keltirilgan.Konstitutsiya-mamlakat taraqqiyoti,fuqorolarning erkin va faravon hayot kechirish uchun asosiy huquqiy kafolatdir.
Maqolada Konstitutsiyaning ijtimoiy,siyosiy va iqtisodiy sohalarga ta’siri, uning xalqaro huquq normalari uyg’unligi va fuqorolarning huquqiy ongini oshirishdagi roli yoritilgan.
Shuningdek, 2017-2023-yillarda amalga oshirilgan konstitutsiyaviy islohotlar yangicha huquqiy muhit yaratishga,fuqorolik jamiyatini rivojlantirishga qaratilganligi haqida mulohazalar keltirilgan.Konstitutsiya-mamlakat taraqqiyoti,fuqorolarning erkin va faravon hayot kechirish uchun asosiy huquqiy kafolatdir.
213-217
41
15
KONSTITUTSIYA ERKIN VA FAROVON HAYOTNING GAROVIDIR
This article presents reflections and considerations on the Constitution as a guarantee of a free and prosperous life. The Constitution is the fundamental normative act of any modern state. It serves not only as a legal, but also as a political and social foundation, defining the structure of government, the rights and freedoms of citizens, and the principles of state and societal functioning. The Constitution possesses a unique legal force that ensures its supremacy over all other normative legal documents.
218-221
31
16
HUQUQIY NIHILIZM: YOSHLAR ONGIDA QONUN VA HUQUQ TUSHUNCHASI
Maqolada huquqiy nihilizm tushunchasi, uning yoshlar ongiga ta’siri, yoshlar orasida qonun va huquq tushunchasining shakllanishi batafsil tahlil qilinadi. Huquqiy nihilizmning sabablari, yoshlar ongidagi xavfi, qarshi choralar va yechimlar yoritiladi. Real hayotdan misollar, kazuslar va statistik ma’lumotlar keltirilib, huquqiy ongni rivojlantirishning ahamiyati ko‘rsatiladi. Maqola yoshlar huquqiy madaniyati va ijtimoiy barqarorlikni oshirishga qaratilgan tavsiyalar bilan boyitilgan.
222-227
29
23
DEVELOPMENT OF UZBEKISTAN’S CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL INNOVATIVE TRENDS
The construction industry is one of the key drivers of sustainable economic growth and plays a fundamental role in infrastructure development, urbanization, and technological modernization. This study examines the development trajectory of Uzbekistan’s construction sector in comparison with globa innovative trends, including digitalization, automation, energy efficiency, and green construction standards. Using analytical, comparative, and statistical methods, the study evaluates the current state of the industry, identifies the main challenges, and assesses the potential impact of implementing innovative tools such as BIM, COBie, KPI-based monitoring systems, and environmentally sustainable technologies. The results demonstrate that Uzbekistan is gradually integrating digital solutions into project management, strengthening regulatory frameworks, and improving the efficiency of construction processes.
Nevertheless, the full potential of innovative technologies remains underutilized due to skill gaps, limited digital infrastructure, and insufficient standardization. The study concludes that the implementation of advanced project management methods, expansion of digital modeling, adoption of green standards, and modernization of building materials production are crucial for enhancing competitiveness and ensuring sustainable development of the construction industry.
Nevertheless, the full potential of innovative technologies remains underutilized due to skill gaps, limited digital infrastructure, and insufficient standardization. The study concludes that the implementation of advanced project management methods, expansion of digital modeling, adoption of green standards, and modernization of building materials production are crucial for enhancing competitiveness and ensuring sustainable development of the construction industry.
228-231
34
9
SUN’IY INTELLEKT DAVRIDA TIL TA’LIMINI RIVOJLANTIRISHNING ZAMONAVIY TENDENSIYALARI
This article explores the modern trends in the development of language education in the era of artificial intelligence. It highlights the growing role of adaptive learning systems, chatbots, multimodal educational tools, automated assessment technologies, and immersive environments such as VR/AR. The paper emphasizes that artificial intelligence is not replacing teachers but transforming their roles toward mentoring and creativity. The study concludes that AI-driven language education increases accessibility, efficiency, and personalization for learners worldwide.
232-234
30
13
TALABALARGA VOLEYBOLNI OʻRGATISHNING OʻZIGA XOS VAZIFA VA SHARTLARI
Ushbu maqolada Voleybol mashg'ulotlarining ma'lum kasbiy mahoratlarni ishlab chiqish uchun imkoniyatlarini tadqiq qilish, voleybolni oʻrgatishda yangicha yondashuvlarni ishlab chiqish zarurligini belgilab berdi. O'qitish shartlari, birinchidan, umuman talaba sportining xususiyatlari bilan, ikkinchidan, talabalarni bo'lajak kasbining oʻziga xos xususiyatlari - pedagogika bilan belgilandi. Oliy ta'lim muassasalari sharoitida boshlovchi voleybolchilarni tayyorlash usullari sport seksiyalarida voleybolchilarni tayyorlashdan 52 ancha farq qilishi lozim. Shuni ta'kidlash kerakki, jismoniy madaniyat fakultetida voleybolni oʻqitish usullari va oliy ta'lim muassasalarining jismoniy tarbiya kafedralarida voleybolni o'qitish orasida o'xshashlik mavjud, chunki ular sezilarli darajada sport takomillashuvining elementi sifatida qaralishi mumkin.
235-238
30
13
VOLEYBOL O'YIN TEXNIKASINING ASOSIY TUSHUNCHALARIGA HARAKTERESTIKA
Ushbu maqolada dinamik tarkib tahlili sportchining yerdagi tayanch nuqtasidan uzilish, toʻpga zarba berish va boshqa harakatlarda sarflaydigan kuchini dinamografik, mexanografik va tenzometrik moslamalar yordamida o'lchash imkonini beradi.
Ritmik tarkib o'zida muallaq holatda bajariladigan to'liq harakatlar va ularning ma'lum bir alohida olingan bosqichlarini 72 muayyan vaqt oraligʻida bajarilish mutanosibligini aniqlashni oʻzida aks etttiradi. Ritmik tarkibda voleybolchining to'pni toʻsish(blok) hamda yugurib kelib toʻpga yakunlovchi hujum zarbasini berish bilan bogʻliq harakatlari katta qiziqish uygʻotadi.
Anatomik tarkib suyak va mushak apparatlari mutanosibligi, mushaklarning ishlash tartibi va ularning qisqarish koordinatsiyalarini oʻrganadi. Bosqichli tarkib ayrim olingan harakatlarning oʻziga xos bosqichlari, izchilligi va uzviyligini oʻrganadi.
Ritmik tarkib o'zida muallaq holatda bajariladigan to'liq harakatlar va ularning ma'lum bir alohida olingan bosqichlarini 72 muayyan vaqt oraligʻida bajarilish mutanosibligini aniqlashni oʻzida aks etttiradi. Ritmik tarkibda voleybolchining to'pni toʻsish(blok) hamda yugurib kelib toʻpga yakunlovchi hujum zarbasini berish bilan bogʻliq harakatlari katta qiziqish uygʻotadi.
Anatomik tarkib suyak va mushak apparatlari mutanosibligi, mushaklarning ishlash tartibi va ularning qisqarish koordinatsiyalarini oʻrganadi. Bosqichli tarkib ayrim olingan harakatlarning oʻziga xos bosqichlari, izchilligi va uzviyligini oʻrganadi.
239-243
36
19
O’ZBEKISTONDA KURASH TURLARINING RIVOJLANISH DAVRLARI
Ushbu maqolada O’zbekiston hududida olib borilgan arxeologik qazilmalar davomida topilgan. Aytish joizki, musobaqalar oldidan uloqtirishlar, sakrashlar, kuchni namoyish qilishni o’z ichiga oluvchi mashqlar bajarilgan. Ular raqiblarning o’zaro bellashuvlari oldidan badan qizdirish vositasi sifatida xizmat qilgan. Kurashchilar bir-birining teridan ishlangan belbog’idan yoki ustki kiyimining turli joyidan ushlab, kurashishni boshlaganlar. Raqibni erga tashlash usulini bajarishda oyoqlarning ishiga hamda chalish usuliga katta e’tibor berilgan.
O’zbekiston hududida yashovchi xalqlarda bellashuv birinchi tashlashgacha davom etgan.
Bu musobaqalar milliy musiqa ohanglari sadolari ostida o’tkazilgan va musobaqa g’olibi xalq o’rtasida katta hurmatga sazovor bo’lgan. Kurashchilar bellashuvlari g’alaba, oilaviy tantana yoki mavsumiy bayramlar munosabati bilan o’tkaziladigan bayramlar bezagi bo’lgan.
O’zbekiston hududida yashovchi xalqlarda bellashuv birinchi tashlashgacha davom etgan.
Bu musobaqalar milliy musiqa ohanglari sadolari ostida o’tkazilgan va musobaqa g’olibi xalq o’rtasida katta hurmatga sazovor bo’lgan. Kurashchilar bellashuvlari g’alaba, oilaviy tantana yoki mavsumiy bayramlar munosabati bilan o’tkaziladigan bayramlar bezagi bo’lgan.
244-248
33
8
MAXSUS MASHQLARDAN FOYDALANIB YOSH FUTBOLCHILARNI TEXNIK JIHATDAN TAYYORLASH
Ushbu maqolada texnikani dastlabki tayyorlash bosqichida, ayniqsa tinglovchilarda etarli tajribaga ega bo'lmagan holda, harakatlardagi noaniqliklar va uni to'g'ri bajarish talablaridan sezilarli og'ishlar paydo bo'ladi. Harakatlarning tuzilishi buziladi, keraksiz tafsilotlar paydo bo'lib, o'qitish uslubida yuzaga kelishi mumkin bo'lgan xatolar va noqulay sharoitlarni keltirib chiqaradi. Bunga quyidagilar kirishi mumkin: - jismoniy tayyorgarlikning etishmasligi va tajribaning etishmasligi; - harakatlar va harakatli vazifalar tuzilishida ishtirok etayotganlarni etarli darajada tushunmaslik; - texnikani amalga oshirishda qoniqarsiz nazorat; - charchash boshlanishi sababli tinglovchilarning qabul qilish qobiliyati etarli emas.
249-253
31
14
TEXNIK USULLARNI TAKOMILLASHTIRISHNI O’RGATISHGA YO’NALTIRILGAN MAXSUS MASHQLAR
Mashg'ulotni tinglovchilar texnikani o'rganish uchun ajratilgan vaqtdan unumli foydalanishi, shu bilan texnikaning talab qilinadigan takrorlanish darajasi kuzatilishi uchun tuzilishi muhimdir. To'p tepish texnikasini o'rganishni yosh futbolchilar bilan har bir texnikani eng kuchli oyoq bilan bajarish orqali boshlash tavsiya etiladi. Shundan so'ng, tinglovchilar uchun eng zaif oyog'i bilan bir xil texnikaga o'tish osonroq bo'ladi. To'pga oyoq bilan tepishning har bir turini o'rganishning uslubiy ketmaketligi quyidagicha bo'lishi mumkin: turg'un to'plarga bir joydan, so'ngra bir qadamdan tepish bu holda yosh futbolchilarning asosiy e'tiborlari to'pga to'g'ri yondoshish va zarba berish vaqtida tayanch va tepayotgan oyoqlarning to'g'ri joylashishiga qaratiladi.
254-257
28
20
YOSH FUTBOLCHILAR TAYYORGARLIGINI MUSTAHKAMLASH USLUBLARI
Ushbu ilmiy maqolada futbol sportining jismoniy, texnik, taktik va psixologik rivojlanish jihatlari, yosh futbolchilar tayyorgarligini shakllantirishda qo‘llaniladigan ilmiy-metodik yondashuvlar keng yoritilgan. Maqola futbolchilarning yoshga bog‘liq fiziologik xususiyatlari, mashg‘ulot jarayonini rejalashtirish, yuklama me’yorlari, innovatsion texnologiyalar, raqamli tahlil tizimlaridan foydalanish masalalarini o‘z ichiga oladi. Shuningdek, yosh futbolchilarda jismoniy sifatlar, texnik ko‘nikmalar va taktik tafakkurni takomillashtirishning samarali usullari ilmiy asosda tahlil qilingan.
258-262
22
12
MILLIY KURASH BILAN SHUG‘ULLANUVCHILARNING UMUMIY RUHIY TAYYORGARLIGINI RIVOJLANTIRISH METODI
Ushbu maqolada kurashchining irodaviy tayyorgarligi o‘quv mashg‘ulotlarida, kurashning munozarali vaziyatlarida va musobaqalar vaqtida maqsadga erishishga qaratilgan xatti-harakatlardan tashqari, uning mehnat qilish, o‘qish va jamoat ishlariga faol ishtirokida ham yaqqol ko‘rinadi. Mashg‘ulot jarayonidagi bu xatti- harakatlar har doim maqsadga erishish yo‘lidagi turli xil qiyinchiliklar va to‘siqlarni yengish bilan bog‘langan.
Ruhiy tayyorgarlik butun o‘quv mashg‘ulot va tarbiyaviy jarayonga singib ketib, kurashchini ayrim mashg‘ulotlarda, muayyan biron-bir bellashuvda va umuman musobaqalarda uchraydigan qiyinchiliklarni yengishga moyil qiladi.
Ruhiy tayyorgarlik butun o‘quv mashg‘ulot va tarbiyaviy jarayonga singib ketib, kurashchini ayrim mashg‘ulotlarda, muayyan biron-bir bellashuvda va umuman musobaqalarda uchraydigan qiyinchiliklarni yengishga moyil qiladi.
263-266
23
8
PEDAGOGIK JARAYONIDAGI HARAKATLAR XARAKTERISTIKASINI SIPATLARI
Ushbu maqolada Pedagogik nuqtai nazardan har bir aniq jismoniy mashqni bajarishda bu xarakteristikalardan har birining ahamiyati har xil bo’ladi. O’qitishning turli bosqichlarida ulardan ba’zi birlari asosiy rol o’ynasa, boshqalari vaqtincha ikkinchi darajali ahamiyatga ega bo’ladi. Biroq, barcha xarakteristikalarning harakatlarda birgalikda, bab-baravar namoyon bo’lishi jismoniy mashqning texnik jihatdan juda to’g’ri bajarilishini ta’minlaydi. Gavdaning holati va gavda qismlarining harakat traektoriyasi (yo’li) jismoniy mashqlar texnikasining fazoviy xarakteristikasiga taalluqlidir. Ko’pgina jismoniy mashqlarni bajarish vaqtida gavda va uning qismlari bir-biriga nisbatan holatini o’zgartiribgina qolmaydi, balki muskullarning statik taranglashishi hisobiga erkin suratda harakatsiz holatni saqlab qoladi.
267-279
34
11
THE ROLE OF THE UNITED NATIONS IN AN ERA OF TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY TRANSFORMATION: AN INTERNATIONAL LEGAL PERSPECTIVE FROM UZBEKISTAN
This article examines the transformation of the role of the United Nations under the global processes of the twenty-first century, including climate change, digitalization, geopolitical conflicts, and threats to global health. The research relies on an international legal approach and pays particular attention to the position of the Republic of Uzbekistan as an active participant in the multilateral system. It reviews the institutional and legal mechanisms of the UN and their evolution from classical instruments of maintaining international peace and security toward an expanded set of functions encompassing sustainable development, cybersecurity, human rights protection, and climate-risk governance. Special emphasis is placed on the Global Digital Compact and the climate agenda, which illustrate the UN’s adaptation to the technological and environmental challenges of contemporary international relations.
The analysis of Uzbekistan’s contribution shows that the country actively integrates international norms into its national legal system, participates in regional initiatives on sustainable development and water security, and contributes to UN reform. Based on comparative and normative-legal analysis, the article proposes recommendations for improving the UN institutional structure, strengthening regional mechanisms in Central Asia, and integrating international experience into Uzbekistan’s national strategies. The study demonstrates the importance of UN modernization to enhance its effectiveness amid global transformations and highlights Uzbekistan’s role as a constructive partner in shaping a new international legal order.
The analysis of Uzbekistan’s contribution shows that the country actively integrates international norms into its national legal system, participates in regional initiatives on sustainable development and water security, and contributes to UN reform. Based on comparative and normative-legal analysis, the article proposes recommendations for improving the UN institutional structure, strengthening regional mechanisms in Central Asia, and integrating international experience into Uzbekistan’s national strategies. The study demonstrates the importance of UN modernization to enhance its effectiveness amid global transformations and highlights Uzbekistan’s role as a constructive partner in shaping a new international legal order.
280-283
29
17
KONSTITUTSIYANING FUQAROLAR HAYOTIDAGI O‘RNI
This article examines the role of the Constitution in guaranteeing citizens' rights and freedoms, maintaining legal order, and strengthening democratic governance. It also discusses the history of constitutionalism, the world’s first constitutions, and the importance of the Constitution of Uzbekistan in current democratic reforms.
284-288
37
11
KURSANTLARNI JISMONIY VA HARBIY–AMALIY TAYYORGARLIGINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH
Ushbu maqolada Oliy harbiy ta’lim muassasalari kursantlarining harbiy-amaliy va jismoniy tayyorgarligini takomillashtirish masalalari ko‘rib chiqilgan.
289-292
21
22
GLOBAL SAVDO MAYDONIDA O’ZBEKISTON: JST SARI QADAMLAR
Integration of the Republic of Uzbekistan in to the world trade system, principally,reforms,strategic steps and purposes are analysed in this article. The article discusses Uzbekistan’s place in the global trade arena,changes and developments in foreign economic policy. It also examines the goals of Uzbekistan’s accession to the WTO,the problems it faces in the process and how they can be overcome.The main goal of the article is to fully revral the economic changes that will occur in Uzbekistan after WTO accession and the importance of WTO membership in increasing the cometitiveness of the economic system in Uzbekistan.
293-296
28
18
“REFLECTION OF HUMAN QUALITIES IN THE NOVEL “QIYOMAT”
This article examines the artistic interpretation of human virtues in the novel “Qiyomat”, focusing on the complex layers of human character and moral choices. It scientifically explores the inner struggle between good and evil depicted through the novel’s system of characters. The author’s artistic mastery, use of imagery, and psychological depiction in revealing the social and spiritual essence of a human being are emphasized. The moral contradictions presented in the novel are analyzed in connection with real social processes. The harmony of such qualities as conscience, justice, patience, compassion, and humanism is discussed from a scholarly perspective.
The study demonstrates that human virtues shape the main ideological direction of the novel’s artistic conception. The article analyzes the artistic expression of socio-psychological processes through the characters of the work.
The study demonstrates that human virtues shape the main ideological direction of the novel’s artistic conception. The article analyzes the artistic expression of socio-psychological processes through the characters of the work.
297-305
102
20
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ УЧЕТА, АНАЛИЗ И АУДИТ ОПЛАТЫ ТРУДА И СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ ВЫПЛАТ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ
В данной статье глубоко исследованы вопросы совершенствования процессов учета, финансового анализа и аудита заработной платы и социальных выплат в организациях. Научно проанализированы формирование фонда оплаты труда, его классификация, механизмы исчисления налогов и обязательных отчислений, действующий порядок исчисления компенсационных выплат работникам и социальных выплат. В статье разработана система аналитических показателей для оценки эффективности использования фонда оплаты труда, представлены подходы к определению соотношения производительности труда и заработной платы.
Также на основе международных и национальных стандартов аудита оцениваются правильность расчета заработной платы и социальных выплат, достоверность документов, исполнение налоговых обязательств и адекватность внутреннего контроля. В результате исследования разработаны практические предложения и рекомендации по внедрению электронных систем учета, усилению внутреннего аудита, оптимизации мотивационной модели оплаты труда и повышению прозрачности.
Также на основе международных и национальных стандартов аудита оцениваются правильность расчета заработной платы и социальных выплат, достоверность документов, исполнение налоговых обязательств и адекватность внутреннего контроля. В результате исследования разработаны практические предложения и рекомендации по внедрению электронных систем учета, усилению внутреннего аудита, оптимизации мотивационной модели оплаты труда и повышению прозрачности.
306-314
43
9
ЛИБЕРАЛИЗАЦИЯ ТОРГОВЛИ В РАМКАХ ПРАВИЛ ВТО И ЕЕ ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ТОРГОВУЮ ПОЛИТИКУ РАЗВИВАЮЩИХСЯ СТРАН
Статья посвящена исследованию процессов либерализации международной торговли в рамках Всемирной торговой организации (ВТО) и анализу их воздействия на торговую политику развивающихся стран. В работе раскрываются ключевые принципы ВТО, механизмы тарифной и нетарифной либерализации, а также институциональные реформы, которые страны с развивающейся экономикой вынуждены проводить для соответствия международным требованиям. Особое внимание уделено оценке позитивных эффектов либерализации — таких как расширение экспортного потенциала, привлечение прямых иностранных инвестиций и интеграция в глобальные цепочки стоимости — и негативных последствий, включая рост импортозависимости, угрозу национальной промышленности и снижение фискальных доходов. На основе сравнительного анализа делается вывод о неоднородности результатов либерализации для различных групп развивающихся стран. В заключение сформулированы стратегические рекомендации по адаптации торговой политики к современным условиям и повышению конкурентоспособности национальных экономик.
40-42
28
13
O‘ZBEKISTON AHOLISI IQTISODIY SAVODXONLIGINI OSHIRISHDA TA’LIM TIZIMI VA RAQAMLI TEXNOLOGIYALARNING O‘RNI
The article discusses the issue of increasing the economic literacy of the population of Uzbekistan in the context of the education system and digital technologies. In recent years, expanding the financial literacy of the population and forming economic decision-making skills has become one of the priority areas of state policy in the country. To this end, measures are being taken to deepen economic knowledge in general and higher educational institutions, effectively use modern digital tools, and promptly provide economic information to the population. The article analyzes the role of the education system, online platforms, and digital technologies in the process of increasing economic literacy, and indicates future problems and ways to solve them.
43-46
19
10
METHODS FOR DEVELOPING COORDINATION OF MOVEMENTS IN YOUNG FEMALE RHYTHMIC GYMNASTS
This article highlights the main principles, methods, and practical recommendations for developing coordination of movements in 6-10-year-old rhythmic gymnasts. Based on scientific analysis, it was stated that the early formation of coordination abilities is the basis of sports mastery and technical training.
47-50
34
17
10-12 YOSHLI YENGIL ATLETIKACHILARDA CHIDAMLILIKLAR RIVOJLANTIRISH USLUBLARI
Methods of developing endurance in young athletes, formation of different endurance qualities in athletes depending on their direction, improvement of sports form through the development of endurance.
51-51
28
11
MUALLIFLIK VA TURDOSH HUQUQLARNI HIMOYA QILISHNING DOLZARB MASALALARI
Mualliflik huquqi hamda turdosh huquqlar — ya’ni muallifning asari, ijrochining ijrosi, fonogramma va efir yoki kabel orqali tarqatiladigan ko‘rsatuv yoki eshittirish huquqlari — ijodiy faoliyatning himoyasi uchun muhim huquqiy mexanizmdir.
52-57
37
19
PLASTIK PAKETLAR MUAMMOSI VA ULARNING O‘RNINI BOSUVCHI MUQOBIL MAHSULOTLAR
Ushbu maqolada polietilen paketlarning global miqyosdagi ekologik xavfini xususan mikroplastik hosil bo‘lishi orqali atrof-muhit va inson salomatligiga yetkazayotgan zarari haqida tahlil qilishga bag‘ishlangan. Maqola, Xalqaro miqyosda global muammo bo‘layotgan plastik chiqindilarning yo‘q qilinishiga oid muammolar va O‘zbekiston Respublikasida amaldagi qonun hujjatlarining asoslarini o‘rganadi va uning samaradorligini baholaydi. Yana an'anaviy plastik paketlarga muqobil yechimlar (mato, qog‘oz, bioplastik) ning ekologik va iqtisodiy samaradorligini Hayot Sikli Tahlili (LCA) ma’lumotlari asosida qiyosiy baholashdan iboratdir.
Tahlil natijalari bo‘yicha, eng to‘g‘ri yechim qayta-qayta ishlatiladigan (reusable) sumkalarni joriy etish va plastikni parchalovchi zambrug‘lar (Mycoremediation) kabi innovatsion biologik texnologiyalarni rivojlantirishdir. Ushbu sohaga oid islohotlar yurtimizda “O‘zbekiston - 2030” strategiyasi kabi qonun normalarida hamda O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining PQ - 3730 - sonli qarorining ahamiyati o‘z aksini topganligini ko‘rishimiz mumkin.
Tahlil natijalari bo‘yicha, eng to‘g‘ri yechim qayta-qayta ishlatiladigan (reusable) sumkalarni joriy etish va plastikni parchalovchi zambrug‘lar (Mycoremediation) kabi innovatsion biologik texnologiyalarni rivojlantirishdir. Ushbu sohaga oid islohotlar yurtimizda “O‘zbekiston - 2030” strategiyasi kabi qonun normalarida hamda O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining PQ - 3730 - sonli qarorining ahamiyati o‘z aksini topganligini ko‘rishimiz mumkin.
58-60
31
7
RAQAMLI IQTISODIYOT SHAROITIDA SOLIQ YIG’ILARINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH YO’NALISHLAR
This article discusses the necessity of improving the tax system under the conditions of the digital economy, ways to adapt tax policy to digital activities, and the need to develop a “Digital Tax Code”. The article highlights the absence of clear definitions of digital activity subjects in the current Tax Code and provides proposals for forming a digital tax system.
In addition, the experience of foreign countries has been studied, and recommendations have been made to adapt the national tax system to the requirements of the digital economy.
In addition, the experience of foreign countries has been studied, and recommendations have been made to adapt the national tax system to the requirements of the digital economy.
61-65
51
13
JINOYATNING IJTIMOIY-PSIXOLOGIK ARXITEKTURASI: YURIDIK JAVOBGARLIKNING ONG VA XULQ MEXANIZMLARIGA TA’SIRI
Ushbu maqola jinoyat sodir etilishining chuqur ildizlarini o‘rganishga yo‘naltirilgan bo‘lib, jinoyatchilik fenomenini faqat huquqiy hodisa sifatida emas, balki murakkab ijtimoiy-psixologik konstruksiya sifatida tahlil qiladi. Tadqiqot markazida inson ongida kechadigan kognitiv jarayonlar, xulq-atvorning psixodinamik omillari, ijtimoiy muhitning bosimi, shuningdek, yuridik javobgarlikning ushbu psixologik mexanizmlarga ko‘rsatadigan bevosita va bilvosita ta’siri turadi. Maqola jinoyatning paydo bo‘lish jarayonini “xatti-harakat – ong – muhit – huquq” o‘rtasidagi o‘zaro murakkab aloqalar tizimi sifatida ko‘rib chiqadi. Tadqiqotning nazariy asosini zamonaviy kriminologiya, huquq falsafasi, kognitiv psixologiya, psixodinamik nazariyalar va ijtimoiy konstruktivizm yondashuvlari tashkil etadi.
Ushbu integratsion metodologiya jinoyat sodir etuvchi shaxsning ruhiy holati, motivatsiyasi, qaror qabul qilish jarayoni, adolatni idrok etish darajasi va ijtimoiy me’yorlarga moslashuv mexanizmlarini ilmiy aniqlikda tahlil qilish imkonini beradi. Ayniqsa, kognitiv buzilishlar (masalan, “ratsionalizatsiya”, “normativ dissonans”, “ijtimoiy tasdiq kuchi”) va ularning jinoyat sodir etilishidagi roli alohida o‘rganiladi. Maqolada yuridik javobgarlik institutining psixologik ta’sir kuchlari ham chuqur ochib beriladi. Jinoyat sodir etgan shaxsning ongida jazoning ehtimoliy oqibatlari qanday idrok etilishi, huquqiy taqiqlarning ichki nazorat mexanizmlariga qanday ta’sir ko‘rsatishi, shuningdek, qo‘rquv, pushaymonlik, adolatga bo‘lgan ishonch darajasi va huquqiy tizimning nufuzi kabi omillarning xulq-atvorga psixologik ta’siri ilmiy nuqtai nazardan tahlil qilinadi. Shu bilan birga, davlat tomonidan qo‘llaniladigan jazolash mexanizmlarining faqat repressiv emas, balki profilaktik, psixoprofilaktik va reabilitatsion maqsadlarga xizmat qilishi kerakligi ilmiy asoslab beriladi. Maqola jinoyatning ijtimoiy-xulqiy ildizlari — oilaviy muhit, hududiy ijtimoiy barqarorlik, iqtisodiy disbalans, axloqiy qadriyatlar tizimining buzilishi, ijtimoiy frustatsiya darajasi va guruh bosimi kabi omillarni ham psixologik tahlil bilan uyg‘un holda o‘rganadi. Ularning har biri jinoyatning shakllanish jarayonida “psixologik katalizator” vazifasini o‘tashi ilmiy dalillar bilan yoritiladi. Shuningdek, yuridik javobgarlikning samaradorligini oshirish uchun davlat siyosatida psixologik yondashuvlarni kuchaytirish zarurligi asoslanadi. Maqola huquqiy tartibga solish jarayonida inson ongining psixologik xususiyatlarini inobatga olish, jinoyat sodir etgan shaxslar uchun individual reabilitatsiya dasturlarini ishlab chiqish, ijtimoiy psixologik profilaktika mexanizmlarini kengaytirish va huquqiy targ‘ibotning psixologik modelini takomillashtirish bo‘yicha ilmiy-amaliy takliflar beradi.
Ushbu integratsion metodologiya jinoyat sodir etuvchi shaxsning ruhiy holati, motivatsiyasi, qaror qabul qilish jarayoni, adolatni idrok etish darajasi va ijtimoiy me’yorlarga moslashuv mexanizmlarini ilmiy aniqlikda tahlil qilish imkonini beradi. Ayniqsa, kognitiv buzilishlar (masalan, “ratsionalizatsiya”, “normativ dissonans”, “ijtimoiy tasdiq kuchi”) va ularning jinoyat sodir etilishidagi roli alohida o‘rganiladi. Maqolada yuridik javobgarlik institutining psixologik ta’sir kuchlari ham chuqur ochib beriladi. Jinoyat sodir etgan shaxsning ongida jazoning ehtimoliy oqibatlari qanday idrok etilishi, huquqiy taqiqlarning ichki nazorat mexanizmlariga qanday ta’sir ko‘rsatishi, shuningdek, qo‘rquv, pushaymonlik, adolatga bo‘lgan ishonch darajasi va huquqiy tizimning nufuzi kabi omillarning xulq-atvorga psixologik ta’siri ilmiy nuqtai nazardan tahlil qilinadi. Shu bilan birga, davlat tomonidan qo‘llaniladigan jazolash mexanizmlarining faqat repressiv emas, balki profilaktik, psixoprofilaktik va reabilitatsion maqsadlarga xizmat qilishi kerakligi ilmiy asoslab beriladi. Maqola jinoyatning ijtimoiy-xulqiy ildizlari — oilaviy muhit, hududiy ijtimoiy barqarorlik, iqtisodiy disbalans, axloqiy qadriyatlar tizimining buzilishi, ijtimoiy frustatsiya darajasi va guruh bosimi kabi omillarni ham psixologik tahlil bilan uyg‘un holda o‘rganadi. Ularning har biri jinoyatning shakllanish jarayonida “psixologik katalizator” vazifasini o‘tashi ilmiy dalillar bilan yoritiladi. Shuningdek, yuridik javobgarlikning samaradorligini oshirish uchun davlat siyosatida psixologik yondashuvlarni kuchaytirish zarurligi asoslanadi. Maqola huquqiy tartibga solish jarayonida inson ongining psixologik xususiyatlarini inobatga olish, jinoyat sodir etgan shaxslar uchun individual reabilitatsiya dasturlarini ishlab chiqish, ijtimoiy psixologik profilaktika mexanizmlarini kengaytirish va huquqiy targ‘ibotning psixologik modelini takomillashtirish bo‘yicha ilmiy-amaliy takliflar beradi.
66-68
18
11
HISTORY OF THE FORMATION AND STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF WESTERN PEDAGOGY
This article analyzes the historical formation of Western pedagogy, its main stages and development factors. The article scientifically reveals the evolution of the Western pedagogical system and its impact on the current educational process.
69-74
51
41
ABSOLUTE RIGHTS TO INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OBJECTS AND METHODS OF THEIR PROTECTION
This article provides a comprehensive explanation of what absolute rights related to intellectual property objects are, their types, and the main legal norms that regulate them. The legal status of intellectual products such as copyright, patents, trademarks, industrial designs, computer programs, and literary and artistic works, as well as the rules for their use, are thoroughly analyzed. The article also systematically examines possible cases of violations of absolute rights and the civil-law protection measures applied against them. Practical examples are given to explain how mechanisms such as claiming compensation, stopping the infringement, recognizing authorship, and compensating for damages function in judicial practice. With the development of digital technologies, the increasing number of intellectual property violations and modern methods and mechanisms for preventing them are also discussed separately.
Overall, the research concludes that the effective protection of absolute rights is a crucial factor in ensuring innovative development, healthy competition, and the protection of the interests of creators.
Overall, the research concludes that the effective protection of absolute rights is a crucial factor in ensuring innovative development, healthy competition, and the protection of the interests of creators.
75-77
29
10
OZODLIKDAN MAHRUM QILINGAN MAHBUS AYOLLARNING HUQUQ VA MAJBURIYATLARI
Ushbu maqolada, ozodlikdan mahrum qilingan mahbus ayollarning huquq va majburiyatlari haqida fikr va mulohazalar yuritiladi. 2017-yildan keyingi O'zbekiston qonunchiligiga milliy amaliyotni xalqaro standartlarga moslashtirishga qaratilgan islohotlar, jumladan, qiynoqlarni taqiqlash, tibbiy muassasalarni takomillashtirish va xodimlar uchun gender nuqtai nazaridan treninglar joriy etildi. Ushbu qoidalar jinoiy odil sudlovga gender jihatidan nozik yondashuvni va mahkuma ayollarning o‘ziga xos ehtiyojlari va huquqlari hisobga olinishini ta’minlash yo‘lidagi muhim qadam hisoblanadi.
78-81
20
9
UNDERSTANDING DIABETES: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS AND PREVENTION
This article provides a comprehensive overview of diabetes mellitus, focusing on its main causes, common symptoms, and effective prevention strategies. It explains how genetic factors, lifestyle habits, and metabolic imbalances contribute to the development of diabetes. The paper also highlights early warning signs such as excessive thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, and slow wound healing. Additionally, the article emphasizes the importance of a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and early medical screening in reducing the risk of diabetes and promoting long-term health.
82-85
39
10
KO‘ZNING FUNKSIONAL KASALLIKLARINI VIZUAL MASHQLAR YORDAMIDA KAMAYTIRISH VA OLDINI OLISHNING ILMIY ASOSLARI
This scientific article examines the possibilities of reducing and preventing functional visual disorders—such as myopia, hyperopia, accommodative spasm, and Computer Vision Syndrome—through specialized eye exercises. The study is based on clinical findings and statistical data obtained from leading American optometry institutions, including the American Optometric Association, the National Eye Institute, and the Vision Therapy Institute. It also analyzes the physiological characteristics of extraocular muscles, the mechanisms of visual fatigue, and factors leading to accommodative dysfunction. The paper provides a detailed explanation of widely used visual training techniques, such as the Bates Method, distance–near focusing exercises, eye rotations, and "figure-eight" tracking. Their effects on muscular relaxation, focusing ability, blood circulation and visual performance are scientifically discussed. Research results demonstrate that regular training can improve visual acuity, reduce symptoms of digital eye strain, and slow the progression of myopia in children and adults.
86-90
41
20
JAMIYATDA AYOLLARGA NISBATAN MUNOSABATLAR, ULARGA NISBATAN TAZYIQ VA ZO'RAVONLIKNING DARAJASI
Biz yashab kelayotgan jamiyatda inson huquqi va erkinliklari oliy qadriyat hisoblanadi. Hozirda yurtimizda ham bir qancha ayollarga nisbatan tazyiqlar va zo'ravonliklar sodir etilib, ayollarga nisbatan ularning huquqlari poymol bo'lish holatlari ko'p uchramoqda.
Jamiyat ijtimoiy hayotida eng dolzarb muammolardan biri jinoyatchilik va unga qarshi kurashni tashkil etish muammosidir. Shuning uchun ham insoniyat o'z taraqqiyoti davomida ushbu muammoni hal etish uchun jinoyatchilik, uning sabablari hamda sodir etilishiga shart-sharoit yaratuvchi muhitni o'rganish va ilmiy jihatdan bilishga harakat qilgan.
Jamiyat ijtimoiy hayotida eng dolzarb muammolardan biri jinoyatchilik va unga qarshi kurashni tashkil etish muammosidir. Shuning uchun ham insoniyat o'z taraqqiyoti davomida ushbu muammoni hal etish uchun jinoyatchilik, uning sabablari hamda sodir etilishiga shart-sharoit yaratuvchi muhitni o'rganish va ilmiy jihatdan bilishga harakat qilgan.
91-94
28
15
BOSHLANGʻICH TAʼLIM JARAYONIDA "TARBIYA" FANINI OʻQITISHDA SOʻFI OLLOYOR IJODIDAN FOYDALANISHNING DIDAKTIK AHAMIYATI
This article highlights the didactic significance of using Sufi Olloyor's works in teaching the subject of "Education" in primary education. In addition, the role of the works of Sufi Olloyor, a representative of classical literature, in the formation of spiritual and moral concepts in primary school students is substantiated. In particular, the effectiveness of teaching such qualities as decency, honesty, patience, humility, intelligence and spiritual purity through works of admonition such as "Sabotul ojizin" is analyzed. The expression of Sufi Olloyor's advice in a simple and expressive language is suitable for the perception of young students, and it is emphasized that in educational lessons, it is possible to explain topics figuratively, use interactive methods, and activate the thinking process of students. The article also reveals the didactic aspects of the process of forming respect for national values, understanding of spiritual heritage, and good moral skills in students through the educational significance of the poet's work.
95-97
44
23
O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI QUROLLI KUCHLARIDA HARBIY VA MILLIY QADRIYATLAR
Ushbu ilmiy maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Qurolli Kuchlarida harbiy va milliy qadriyatlarning mazmun-mohiyati, ularning shakllanish omillari, tarixiy asoslari, ma’naviy-ma’rifiy jarayonlarda tutgan o‘rni va yosh avlod tarbiyasiga ta’siri kompleks tarzda tahlil qilingan. Maqolada mustaqillik yillarida armiyaning ma’naviy qiyofasini shakllantirish siyosati, ajdodlar merosi va milliy an’analarning harbiy muhitdagi ahamiyati hamda harbiy ta’lim tizimida vatanparvarlik tarbiyasining rivojlanish tendensiyalari yoritilgan.
98-103
33
17
BIOPHYSICAL SIMULATION OF PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE AND ITS APPLICATION IN DIAGNOSTICS
Pulmonary gas exchange is a fundamental physiological process essential for maintaining adequate oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide removal in the human body.
Impairments in gas exchange are associated with a variety of respiratory disorders, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, asthma, and interstitial lung diseases. Traditional diagnostic methods often provide only indirect or macro-level assessments of pulmonary function, limiting early detection and precise evaluation of pathophysiological changes. This study focuses on the biophysical simulation of pulmonary gas exchange, employing mathematical modeling to reproduce alveolar-capillary diffusion, ventilation-perfusion distribution, and gas transport dynamics. The integration of clinical data, including arterial blood gas analysis, spirometry, and imaging results, into simulation models enhances diagnostic accuracy and enables individualized evaluation of pulmonary function. The findings demonstrate that biophysical simulation is an effective tool for early detection of functional impairments, optimization of treatment strategies, and prediction of disease progression. This approach has significant potential for integration into precision medicine and advanced digital diagnostics.
Impairments in gas exchange are associated with a variety of respiratory disorders, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, asthma, and interstitial lung diseases. Traditional diagnostic methods often provide only indirect or macro-level assessments of pulmonary function, limiting early detection and precise evaluation of pathophysiological changes. This study focuses on the biophysical simulation of pulmonary gas exchange, employing mathematical modeling to reproduce alveolar-capillary diffusion, ventilation-perfusion distribution, and gas transport dynamics. The integration of clinical data, including arterial blood gas analysis, spirometry, and imaging results, into simulation models enhances diagnostic accuracy and enables individualized evaluation of pulmonary function. The findings demonstrate that biophysical simulation is an effective tool for early detection of functional impairments, optimization of treatment strategies, and prediction of disease progression. This approach has significant potential for integration into precision medicine and advanced digital diagnostics.
104-110
36
12
INTELLIGENT IOT SYSTEM FOR PATIENT MONITORING BASED ON BIOPHYSICAL INDICATORS
Continuous monitoring of patient physiological parameters is essential for early detection of health anomalies and timely medical intervention. Traditional methods are often limited in scope and unable to provide real-time insights, particularly for chronic and critical conditions. Intelligent Internet of Things (IoT) systems, integrated with artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, enable continuous collection, analysis, and visualization of biophysical indicators such as heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and body temperature. These systems support personalized healthcare by adapting to individual patient profiles, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, improving patient safety, and facilitating remote monitoring. Wearable sensors and wireless communication technologies ensure patient comfort and mobility, while cloud and edge computing enable efficient data processing and storage.
Despite challenges related to data security, sensor calibration, and device interoperability, IoT-based monitoring platforms demonstrate significant potential for transforming healthcare delivery, supporting precision medicine, and optimizing clinical decision-making.
Despite challenges related to data security, sensor calibration, and device interoperability, IoT-based monitoring platforms demonstrate significant potential for transforming healthcare delivery, supporting precision medicine, and optimizing clinical decision-making.
111-116
44
66
CEREBRAL NERVES: GENERAL INFORMATION. THEIR FUNCTIONAL AND AGE-RELATED CHANGES
This article provides a detailed analysis of the anatomical and functional characteristics of the cranial nerves, their age-related changes, and clinical significance.
Cranial nerves regulate sensory, motor, and autonomic functions and contribute to maintaining the internal environment of the body. Studies indicate that the anatomy and functional properties of each nerve play a critical role in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders. Age-related changes, degenerative diseases, and traumatic injuries reduce nerve function, leading to impairments in vision, hearing, balance, and facial muscle movements. Modern diagnostic methods, including MRI, CT, and electromyography, allow for accurate assessment of nerve function and detection of pathological conditions. Additionally, this article addresses the prospects for cranial nerve restoration, regeneration, and rehabilitation strategies. The findings demonstrate that understanding cranial nerve function is essential for early detection and prevention of neurological disorders and for improving patient quality of life.
Cranial nerves regulate sensory, motor, and autonomic functions and contribute to maintaining the internal environment of the body. Studies indicate that the anatomy and functional properties of each nerve play a critical role in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders. Age-related changes, degenerative diseases, and traumatic injuries reduce nerve function, leading to impairments in vision, hearing, balance, and facial muscle movements. Modern diagnostic methods, including MRI, CT, and electromyography, allow for accurate assessment of nerve function and detection of pathological conditions. Additionally, this article addresses the prospects for cranial nerve restoration, regeneration, and rehabilitation strategies. The findings demonstrate that understanding cranial nerve function is essential for early detection and prevention of neurological disorders and for improving patient quality of life.
117-122
37
37
PROCESSING OF BIOPOTENTIAL SIGNALS (EMG, EEG) USING MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS
This paper analyzes the efficiency of machine learning algorithms in processing biopotential signals, specifically electromyography (EMG) and electroencephalography (EEG) signals. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of algorithms such as SVM, random forest, and convolutional neural networks (CNN) in classifying signals and detecting pathological patterns.
The complex nature of EMG and EEG signals, along with their susceptibility to noise and artifacts, complicates the signal processing procedure. Therefore, feature extraction methods, including RMS, spectral energy, and dominant frequency, play a crucial role in improving the accuracy and sensitivity of these algorithms. The results of this research confirm that machine learning algorithms exhibit high efficiency in processing biopotential signals and can be practically applied in human-computer interfaces, neuroprosthetic devices, and neurorehabilitation procedures. This study provides a scientific foundation for the development of artificial intelligence-based systems in the fields of medicine and biomedical engineering.
The complex nature of EMG and EEG signals, along with their susceptibility to noise and artifacts, complicates the signal processing procedure. Therefore, feature extraction methods, including RMS, spectral energy, and dominant frequency, play a crucial role in improving the accuracy and sensitivity of these algorithms. The results of this research confirm that machine learning algorithms exhibit high efficiency in processing biopotential signals and can be practically applied in human-computer interfaces, neuroprosthetic devices, and neurorehabilitation procedures. This study provides a scientific foundation for the development of artificial intelligence-based systems in the fields of medicine and biomedical engineering.
123-128
28
20
HEREDITARY DISEASES, CHROMOSOMAL DISEASES. HEREDITARY DISEASES, GENE AND HEREDITARY DISEASES. TYPES OF MARRIAGE
This article scientifically analyzes the causes of hereditary and chromosomal disorders, their genetic bases, clinical features, and the risk factors associated with different types of marriage. Gene mutations, chromosomal abnormalities, and their effects on organism development are discussed, with hereditary patterns such as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked disorders systematically described. The increased genetic risk in consanguineous marriages, the significance of genetic counseling services, and the role of modern diagnostic methods are specifically examined. The article provides a scientifically grounded approach to ensuring healthy offspring, early detection of hereditary diseases, and their prevention.
129-134
42
23
INTERNET SEARCH ENGINES AND THEIR COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
The article examines various internet search engines and their comparative analysis. The study focuses on the main features, advantages, and disadvantages of popular search engines – Google, Bing, Yandex, DuckDuckGo, and Baidu. The efficiency of the search engines, user experience, and the speed of delivering results are analyzed. The article provides a scientific basis for users to understand the differences between different search engines and to select the most optimal one.
135-141
32
22
THE IMPLEMENTATION AND EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL ASSESSMENT SYSTEMS IN GENERAL EDUCATION SCHOOLS
This scientific article examines the implementation and effectiveness of digital assessment systems in general education schools. The study analyzes the role of digital assessment in optimizing the learning process, improving the transparency and accuracy of evaluation, and enabling real-time monitoring of students’ academic performance. The principles of operation of digital rating systems, electronic testing platforms, and adaptive assessment mechanisms are explored, along with their impact on pedagogical interaction between teachers and students. Furthermore, the article provides a scientific assessment of the challenges associated with the introduction of digital assessment systems, including limitations in technical infrastructure, insufficient internet resources, teachers’ digital competencies, and issues related to data security and privacy. Based on the obtained findings, practical recommendations are presented regarding the prospects of digital assessment systems in enhancing overall educational quality.
142-147
107
19
STYLISTIC FEATURES OF INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
This study examines the stylistic features of interrogative sentences and their role as a means of expressing psychological and emotional states in communication.
Interrogative sentences are not limited to information-seeking; they serve as tools for conveying curiosity, doubt, surprise, frustration, and engagement, depending on their structure, lexical choices, and intonation. The analysis highlights their function in literature, where they enhance narrative depth and reveal characters’ inner thoughts, and in media and social communication, where they attract attention and provoke audience response. Pedagogically, understanding the stylistic and emotional nuances of interrogative sentences supports classroom interaction, critical thinking, and communicative competence in both native and second-language learners. Overall, interrogative sentences are versatile linguistic tools that integrate syntactic, stylistic, and emotional elements, contributing significantly to effective and expressive communication.
Interrogative sentences are not limited to information-seeking; they serve as tools for conveying curiosity, doubt, surprise, frustration, and engagement, depending on their structure, lexical choices, and intonation. The analysis highlights their function in literature, where they enhance narrative depth and reveal characters’ inner thoughts, and in media and social communication, where they attract attention and provoke audience response. Pedagogically, understanding the stylistic and emotional nuances of interrogative sentences supports classroom interaction, critical thinking, and communicative competence in both native and second-language learners. Overall, interrogative sentences are versatile linguistic tools that integrate syntactic, stylistic, and emotional elements, contributing significantly to effective and expressive communication.
148-150
36
13
“SMART-PATRONAJ: AHOLI SALOMATLIGINI MASOFAVIY NAZORAT QILISHNING MILLIY MODELI”
In this scientific work, the activities of patronage workers, patient monitoring processes, their performance rating, and the mechanisms for improving the quality of medical services are comprehensively analyzed. Based on the diagrams, the efficiency of healthcare delivery, the dynamics of patient management, and the advantages of an integrated patronage system are clearly illustrated. The study provides evidence-based recommendations for optimizing the patronage model, drawing on practical observations, monitoring results, and statistical data.
151-154
20
9
STUDYING WORKS BY THEIR GENRE AND SYSTEM OF IMAGES
The article explores the scientific and practical aspects of analyzing literary works through genre characteristics and the system of characters. Each literary genre has its own aesthetic principles, and the system of characters created within it reflects the writer’s worldview, the spirit of the era, and national consciousness. Therefore, studying a work from the perspective of genre and characters not only helps to deeply understand the content of the text but also reveals the author’s skill, artistic style, and creative universe. This article provides teachers, students, and literature enthusiasts with effective methods for literary analysis, encouraging readers to think, feel, and develop their artistic thinking.
155-157
24
10
WHY DO WE NEED TO KNOW THE ARITHMETIC MEAN?
This article discusses the role of the arithmetic mean in life. That is, it is about its application to various fields. Many people can better understand their financial situation by finding average costs. Similarly, in sports, marketing, calculating the profit and loss of stores, when giving an average assessment of the quality of education, the condition of patients, and in various similar situations, the average value is needed.
158-162
31
15
EXTRACTION-SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF Zn (II) ION WITH 1-(2-HYDROXY-1-NAPHTOYAZO)-2-NAPHTHOL-4-SULFOCID SOLUTION
Recommended an extraction-spectrophotometric method for determining zinc ions with a solution of 1-(2-hydroxy- 1-naphthoiazo)-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid. Found optimal conditions: the volume ratio of the organic and aqueous phases is 1:9, the distribution coefficient is 0.95. The light absorption of the complex is 410 nm, the absorption of the reagent is 500 nm, the contrast is 90 nm, this proves the high sensitivity of the developed method. It has been shown that the determination of scandium ions is highly accurate with a lower detection limit of 1.14 μg/L and a correlation coefficient of 0.9999. The developed method for determining scandium ions is applied to the analysis of model mixtures and the relative standard deviation does not exceed 0.0015.
163-168
24
10
THE ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF MEDIA PRODUCTS IN TEACHING SOCIAL AND HUMANITIES SCIENCES
This article explores the theoretical foundations, pedagogical potential and practical significance of using media products in the teaching of social and humanities disciplines. The study analyzes how digital media—such as video content, podcasts, infographics, virtual reality tools, and online platforms—contribute to the development of critical thinking, cultural competence, and independent learning skills. The article also examines international practices, including the experiences of educational systems in Finland, the United States, and Japan, and presents modern pedagogical models such as flipped classrooms, media-modular teaching and project-based learning. The findings show that media products enhance educational effectiveness, increase student motivation and help form media literacy, which is essential in today’s global information society.
169-175
34
17
THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE
This article provides a scientific analysis of the integration of informatics into modern medicine and its essential role in clinical practice, diagnostics, treatment processes, and healthcare management. The study examines key components of medical informatics, including electronic health records, artificial intelligence–based decision-support systems, telemedicine services, Big Data analytics, and data security infrastructures. The findings demonstrate that medical informatics significantly enhances diagnostic accuracy, strengthens patient safety, improves epidemiological surveillance, and increases the overall efficiency of healthcare delivery. Additionally, the research highlights the importance of addressing ethical and cybersecurity challenges associated with digital healthcare systems. The results conclude that medical informatics is a fundamental and strategic element for the future development of sustainable, efficient, and patient-centered healthcare systems.
176-180
39
15
EFFICACY OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN HERBAL TEA USED FOR KIDNEY STONE DISEASES
This article analyzes the biologically active compounds present in herbal teas used for the treatment of kidney stone diseases and their efficacy in urolithiasis. Studies have shown that flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds promote diuresis, protect renal tissues from oxidative stress, and inhibit the formation of urinary crystals. Additionally, the diuretic, antispasmodic, and antibacterial properties of these herbal teas play a significant role in reducing disease symptoms and improving patients’ quality of life. The article also highlights the potential use of herbal teas in combination with pharmacological agents and their preventive role in urolithiasis. The findings indicate that herbal teas are a natural, safe, and effective means for the treatment and prevention of kidney stone disease.
181-186
38
12
ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANT HELICOBACTER PYLORI: GLOBAL TRENDS
Antibiotic-resistant Helicobacter pylori infection has emerged as a major global public health concern, significantly compromising the efficacy of standard eradication therapies. The increasing prevalence of resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, and levofloxacin has been associated with higher rates of treatment failure, persistent gastritis, recurrent peptic ulcer disease, and an elevated risk of gastric malignancies. Molecular mechanisms driving resistance include point mutations in bacterial genes (23S rRNA, rdxA, frxA, gyrA) and biofilm formation, which collectively reduce antibiotic susceptibility. Regional variations in resistance prevalence highlight the importance of localized surveillance and tailored therapeutic strategies. Advances in molecular diagnostics, personalized treatment regimens, and bismuth-based quadruple therapies have improved eradication outcomes in resistant infections. This review emphasizes the urgent need for integrated clinical, molecular, and public health approaches to mitigate the spread of antibiotic-resistant H. pylori and improve global infection control.
187-190
32
30
O'ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASIDA OZODLIKDAN MAHRUM QILISH BILAN BOG'LIQ BO'LGAN JAZOLAR IJROSINI TA'MINLASHNING HUQUQIY MEXANIZMI
This article provides an in-depth analysis of the legal mechanisms for the execution of punishments involving deprivation of liberty in the Republic of Uzbekistan. It examines the latest reforms (2021–2025), the probation institute, rights of convicts, application of incentive and disciplinary measures, and the practical implementation of humanitarian principles in the penal system.
191-194
39
20
O‘ZBEKISTONDA AYOLLAR HUQUQLARINI TA’MINLASHNING HUQUQIY ASOSLARI VA AMALIY MEXANIZMLARI
Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasida ayollar huquqlarining huquqiy asoslari, 2023-yilgi Konstitutsiyaning yangi tahriridagi 58-modda, shuningdek, “Xotin-qizlar va erkaklar uchun teng huquq va imkoniyatlar kafolatlari to‘g‘risida”gi Qonun asosida amalga oshirilayotgan amaliy mexanizmlar keng yoritilgan. Shu bilan birga, xalqaro tajriba va BMT konvensiyalari orqali ayollar huquqlarini ta’minlashning samarali usullari ko‘rib chiqilgan.
195-197
28
10
BADIY TAHLI ASOSLARINING AHAMIYATI VA DOLZARBLIGI
This article examines the theoretical foundations of literary analysis methods and their significance in understanding a literary work as a multilayered system. It explores the essence, analytical mechanisms, and interpretive functions of structural–semiotic, linguopoetic, psychological, sociocultural, and comparative approaches. The study highlights each method’s contribution to revealing semantic, aesthetic, and compositional layers of the text and scientifically substantiates the effectiveness of a complex, multimethod approach. The article emphasizes the importance of methodological synthesis in contemporary literary studies.
198-204
21
42
THE HARMONY OF HISTORICAL REALITY AND LYRICAL IMAGERY IN OGAHIY’S POETRY.
This article explores the works of the prominent 19th-century Uzbek poet, historian, and translator Muhammad Rizo Erniyozbek ogli Ogahiy (1809–1874). The author provides an in-depth analysis of the harmony between historical reality and lyrical imagery in Ogahiy’s poetry. The paper examines the poet’s life and creative legacy, including his historical works (“Riyoz ud-davla,” “Jome’ ul-voqeioti sultoni,” “Gulshani davlat,” “Shohidi iqbol,” etc.) and his lyrical collection Ta’viz ul-oshikin, which reflects the historical and spiritual essence of his era. The study shows that through Ogahiy’s works, the political, social, and cultural life of 19th-century Khorezm is vividly depicted.
205-208
23
10
TWO GREAT CONSULTANTS OF THE TURKISH WORLD: BEHBUDIY AND GASPRINSKIY
This article is devoted to the results of the mutual analysis of these ideas and the common ground that developed between Ismail Gasprinsky and Mahmudkhodja Behbudiy, two great representatives of the Jadid movement of the 20th century. The article also presents examples from Behbudiy's memoirs during his trip to Istanbul, which serve to further clarify the relationship between Gasprinsky and Behbudkhodja.
209-212
21
8
TA'LIMDA INNOVATSION JARAYONLAR
The article deals with the role of innovative technologies and their development in the implementation of democratic principles in the process of lifelong education in the form of confidence in the intellect of students, creating opportunities for their independent thinking, encouraging their creativity and initiative in the classroom and extracurricular activities.
213-216
33
11
SUFI INTERPRETATION OF SPIRITUAL POVERTY IN ABU ALI IBN SINA'S "HAU IBN YAQZON"
This proverb Ibn Sino haoti, hashadap Dar muhiti, Ma'anawi meghsi, bizgash preserved, wahlit is referenced in the Torah of his works. Thinker uashadap has detailed baoon of hos sociiu and madaniu hususiuat and his ilmiu mesi to the environment of the regions itself.
217-219
57
11
KORPORATIV NIZOLARDA ADVOKATLIK FAOLIYATI ETIKASI: MILLIY VA XORIJIY TAJRIBA
Ushbu maqolada, korporativ nizolarda advokatlik faoliyati etikasi milliy va xorijiy tarjiba asosida fikr va mulohazalar yuritiladi. Korporativ nizolar o'z tabiatiga ko'ra aktsiyadorlar, rahbarlar, korporatsiyalar, nazorat qiluvchi organlar va tobora ko'payib borayotgan transmilliy biznes sheriklari o'rtasidagi murakkab munosabatlarni o'z ichiga oladi.
Ushbu masalalarda advokatlar nafaqat advokatlar, balki korporativ yaxlitlikning qo'riqchilari, qarama-qarshi manfaatlar orasida vositachilar va qonun ustuvorligiga rioya qilishni ta'minlashda asosiy ishtirokchilar sifatida ham harakat qilishadi.
Ushbu masalalarda advokatlar nafaqat advokatlar, balki korporativ yaxlitlikning qo'riqchilari, qarama-qarshi manfaatlar orasida vositachilar va qonun ustuvorligiga rioya qilishni ta'minlashda asosiy ishtirokchilar sifatida ham harakat qilishadi.
220-222
59
18
O'ZBEK MILLIY RAQSLARINING SHAKLLANISH TARIXI VA RIVOJLANISH JARAYONI
Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston xalqining ko‘p asrlik madaniy merosi bo‘lgan milliy raqs san’atining shakllanish bosqichlari, tarixiy ildizlari va taraqqiyot jarayoni ilmiy nuqtayi nazardan yoritib beriladi. O‘zbek raqslari Markaziy Osiyo hududida ilk sivilizatsiya o‘choqlaridan boshlab shakllanib, turli etnografik qatlamlar, marosimlar, diniy urf-odatlar hamda ijtimoiy-madaniy muhit ta’sirida rivojlangan. Maqolada raqs san’atining qadimiy davrlardan to hozirgi zamongacha o‘tgan bosqichlari, har bir davrga xos o‘ziga xos xususiyatlar, uslublar va janrlar tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, mustaqillik yillaridan keyingi o‘zbek raqsi maktablarining taraqqiyoti, yangi yo‘nalishlar, koreografiya ta’limi va ijrochilik mahoratining yangicha mezonlari ilmiy tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot davomida tarixiy manbalar, etnografik ma’lumotlar hamda san’atshunoslik qarashlari asosida milliy raqs san’atining o‘tmishi va bugungi holati qiyosiy yondashuvda o‘rganiladi. Olingan natijalar o‘zbek raqsining madaniy qadriyat sifatida bugungi avlod tarbiyasidagi o‘rnini anglashga xizmat qiladi.
24-28
21
6
MAKTABGACHA TA’LIM JARAYONIDA TARBIYACHI VA TARBIYALANUVCHILARDA INTELLEKTUAL HAMDA LIDERLIK QOBILIYATLARINI RIVOJLANTIRISHDA KONFLIKTOLOGIK YONDASHUVNING O‘RNI
Ushbu maqolada maktabgacha ta’lim jarayonida tarbiyachi va tarbiyalanuvchilarda intellektual hamda liderlik qobiliyatlarini shakllantirishda konfliktologik yondashuvning nazariy-amaliy asoslari yoritiladi. Tadqiqotda konfliktlarning pedagogik jarayondagi tabiati, ularning konstruktiv boshqaruv mexanizmlari hamda ta’lim ishtirokchilari o‘rtasida kommunikativ va psixologik hamkorlik madaniyatini rivojlantirish omillari tahlil qilinadi. Maktabgacha ta’lim muhitida yuzaga keluvchi ziddiyatlarni diagnostika qilish, profilaktika va bartaraf etish strategiyalarining qo‘llanishi natijasida bolalarda ijodiy fikrlash, emotsional barqarorlik, o‘z fikrini erkin ifodalash va jamoaviy qaror qabul qilish ko‘nikmalarining rivojlanishi ilmiy asosda asoslab beriladi. Shuningdek, tarbiyachi faoliyatida konfliktologik bilim va kompetensiyalarni qo‘llash ta’lim samaradorligi va pedagogik muloqot madaniyatini oshirishning muhim sharti sifatida ko‘rib chiqiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari konfliktologik yondashuv maktabgacha ta’lim tizimida liderlik va intellektual salohiyatni rivojlantirishning innovatsion pedagogik vositasi ekanligini ko‘rsatadi.
29-32
20
9
HUQUQNI HIMOYA QILISH ORGANLARI HARBIY XIZMATCHI VA XODIMLARINING JISMONIY VA JANGOVAR TAYYORGARLIK SIFATLARINI ZAMONAVIY USULLAR ORQALI RIVOJLANTIRISH
This article analyzes the issues of improving the physical and combat training skills of military personnel and employees of law enforcement agencies (HHO) based on modern pedagogical, technological and sports methods. The role of innovative training technologies in the development of physical qualities, the importance of simulators, digital monitoring systems, psychological training and complex assessment methods in increasing the effectiveness of combat training are scientifically substantiated. At the end of the study, proposals are made to optimize the training of military personnel.
33-36
27
13
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ МЕТОДОВ ПОИСКА И ГЕНЕРАЦИИ ОТВЕТОВ В ДИАЛОГОВЫХ СИСТЕМАХ
This study presents a comparative analysis of three response-generation methods in dialogue systems: TF-IDF, BM25, and a generative approach. The results demonstrate the superiority of BM25 in terms of response relevance (4.40/5.0) with optimal execution time (0.156 ms), while the generative approach achieved the highest processing speed (0.010 ms) at the cost of reduced answer quality.
The automatic BLEU and ROUGE metrics showed limited effectiveness in evaluating the quality of dialogue systems [1, 2].
The automatic BLEU and ROUGE metrics showed limited effectiveness in evaluating the quality of dialogue systems [1, 2].
37-40
25
12
CONSTITUTION IS A GUARANTEE OF A FREE AND PROSPEROUS LIFE
This article discusses the role of our main source, the Constitution, in ensuring human rights and freedoms, the guarantees in our Constitution for a free and prosperous life for citizens, healthcare, education, labor, social protection, environmental safety, family support, and the opportunities created for people with disabilities and young people. At the same time, it is stated that the country is responsible for ensuring that every citizen living in the region lives freely and prosperously without any restrictions, as well as for the policies and reforms being developed in this regard.
41-43
33
7
BO'YOQ ZAVODLARI ISHCHILARINING TISH KASALLIKLARI BILAN OG'RISHI: MEXANIZMLARINI OLDINI OLISH CHORA TADBIRLARI
Bo‘yoq va lak ishlab chiqarish sanoati ko‘plab kimyoviy jarayonlarni o‘z ichiga oladi.
Ishchilar bo‘yoqlarning tarkibiy qismlari bo‘lgan pigmentlar, uchuvchan organik erituvchilar, qatronlar, polimerlar va qo‘shimcha stabilizatorlar bilan bevosita aloqada bo‘ladi. Bu moddalarning havoga aralashgan shakli — chang, gaz yoki aerozol ko‘rinishi — nafas yo‘llari orqali organizmga tushadi va og‘iz bo‘shlig‘i to‘qimalariga muntazam ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Shu sababli bo‘yoq zavodlarida ishlovchi ishchilarda tish emalining yemirilishi, karies, parodont kasalliklari hamda og‘iz shilliq qavatining yallig‘lanish jarayonlari umumiy aholiga qaraganda ko‘proq kuzatiladi.
Ishchilar bo‘yoqlarning tarkibiy qismlari bo‘lgan pigmentlar, uchuvchan organik erituvchilar, qatronlar, polimerlar va qo‘shimcha stabilizatorlar bilan bevosita aloqada bo‘ladi. Bu moddalarning havoga aralashgan shakli — chang, gaz yoki aerozol ko‘rinishi — nafas yo‘llari orqali organizmga tushadi va og‘iz bo‘shlig‘i to‘qimalariga muntazam ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Shu sababli bo‘yoq zavodlarida ishlovchi ishchilarda tish emalining yemirilishi, karies, parodont kasalliklari hamda og‘iz shilliq qavatining yallig‘lanish jarayonlari umumiy aholiga qaraganda ko‘proq kuzatiladi.
44-48
31
20
ZILZILA BILAN BOǴLIQ VAFQULODDA VAZIYATLARDA HARAKAT QILISH USILLARI
Bu maqolada zilzila bilan boǵliq vafqulodda vaziyatlarda harakat qilish usillari, tartib qoidalari, zilzila paytida nima qilish va nima qilmaslik kerakligi haqqida sóz etilgan.
49-51
84
12
THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF INTERACTIVE METHODS IN THE MODERN EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
The article analyzes the theoretical foundations and practical significance of using interactive methods in modern education. The role of interactive learning in developing students’ activity, motivation, and critical thinking skills is explored. The connection of interactive approaches with pedagogical technologies and effective teaching strategies is discussed, along with recommendations to improve instructional outcomes.
52-55
138
27
THE IMPORTANCE OF GAMES IN TEACHING ENGLISH
This article explores the significant role that games play in teaching English as a second language (ESL). It discusses how games can enhance student motivation, increase participation, and improve language acquisition in the ESL classroom. Through a literature review, the article highlights the pedagogical benefits of games, including their capacity to provide authentic language use, promote interaction, and foster socio-emotional development.
The methodology section details the use of qualitative research, including classroom observations and interviews with ESL instructors, to examine the effectiveness of game-based learning. The results show that games contribute to improved language proficiency, particularly in areas such as vocabulary acquisition, fluency, and speaking confidence. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of carefully integrating games into lesson plans to maximize their educational value. Despite challenges, such as managing large classes, the overall benefits of using games in ESL teaching are undeniable, offering a fun, engaging, and effective learning environment.
The methodology section details the use of qualitative research, including classroom observations and interviews with ESL instructors, to examine the effectiveness of game-based learning. The results show that games contribute to improved language proficiency, particularly in areas such as vocabulary acquisition, fluency, and speaking confidence. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of carefully integrating games into lesson plans to maximize their educational value. Despite challenges, such as managing large classes, the overall benefits of using games in ESL teaching are undeniable, offering a fun, engaging, and effective learning environment.
56-59
115
18
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH IN LANGUAGE TEACHING: FROM LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE TO COMMUNICATIVE EMPOWERMENT
The development of language teaching in the 20th and 21st centuries marks a shift from grammar-focused instruction to communication-centered learning. The Communicative Approach (CA) plays a key role in this transformation, emphasizing the use of language for real-life communication rather than memorizing rules. Based on Dell Hymes’ concept of “communicative competence,” CA promotes meaningful interaction, authentic materials, and learner-centered activities. This approach includes practical techniques such as information-gap tasks, role-plays, task-based learning, and project work, all of which help improve fluency and pragmatic skills. The article also highlights that CA does not ignore grammar but integrates it within communicative contexts. It further explains the new roles of teachers as facilitators and learners as active participants. Despite challenges such as large classes and assessment difficulties, CA remains relevant and adaptable. In today’s digital and globalized world, its focus on interaction, functional language use, and intercultural competence makes it an essential method for developing effective and confident communicators.
60-62
121
15
USING INTERACTIVE METHODS IN TEACHING ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
This article examines the importance of interactive methods in teaching English language and literature. It highlights how techniques such as group discussions, role-plays, and technology-assisted activities engage students, improve language skills, and develop critical thinking and creativity. The study shows that interactive teaching enhances motivation, participation, and overall learning outcomes, making education more effective and student-centered.
63-65
77
11
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING
This article examines the effectiveness of Project-Based Learning (PBL) in English language teaching. PBL is an instructional approach that engages students in meaningful, real-world projects, enhancing their language skills, critical thinking, and collaborative abilities.
The study highlights how project-based activities improve speaking, listening, reading, and writing competencies, while increasing student motivation and participation. Additionally, the integration of technology in PBL supports interactive learning and provides access to authentic materials. The findings demonstrate that PBL not only strengthens linguistic proficiency but also equips students with essential 21st-century skills, making it a highly effective strategy in modern English language classrooms.
The study highlights how project-based activities improve speaking, listening, reading, and writing competencies, while increasing student motivation and participation. Additionally, the integration of technology in PBL supports interactive learning and provides access to authentic materials. The findings demonstrate that PBL not only strengthens linguistic proficiency but also equips students with essential 21st-century skills, making it a highly effective strategy in modern English language classrooms.
66-69
120
15
USING TASK-BASED LEARNING TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ PRACTICAL LANGUAGE COMPETENCE
This article explores the use of task-based learning as an effective approach to enhance students’ practical language competence. Unlike traditional methods that focus primarily on grammar and vocabulary memorization, task-based learning emphasizes meaningful communication through the completion of authentic tasks. The study examines the theoretical foundations, types of tasks, classroom implementation strategies, and the impact of task-based learning on students’ communicative abilities. Findings indicate that students who participate in task-based activities demonstrate significant improvements in spoken and written communication, fluency, accuracy, and confidence. Additionally, task-based learning promotes learner autonomy, critical thinking, collaboration, and motivation. The article also discusses potential challenges and offers pedagogical recommendations for integrating task-based learning into language curricula. Overall, task-based learning is shown to be a sustainable and learner-centered approach that effectively bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical language use.
70-72
109
10
THE IMPACT OF GAMIFICATION ON STUDENT MOTIVATION AND LEARNING PERFORMANCE
This article examines the impact of gamification on student motivation and learning performance. Gamification, which applies game elements such as points, badges, challenges, and leaderboards to educational activities, has been shown to increase engagement, motivation, and academic achievement. The study highlights how gamified tasks enhance intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, problem-solving skills, and collaborative learning. While challenges such as overemphasis on rewards exist, proper implementation supports active, learner-centered, and effective education.
73-76
98
11
MODERN PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES AND METHODOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS IN CONTEMPORARY EDUCATION
This article explores modern pedagogical approaches and methodological innovations in contemporary education, emphasizing student-centered learning, competency-based instruction, technological integration, and collaborative methodologies. It examines how these strategies enhance learner engagement, motivation, academic performance, and essential competencies such as critical thinking, creativity, communication, and emotional intelligence. The study highlights the importance of inclusive education, individualized instruction, and continuous assessment in fostering equitable and effective learning environments. Furthermore, it underscores the role of digital tools, project-based learning, and research-based practices in supporting active learning, personalized instruction, and professional development of educators.
The findings demonstrate that integrating modern pedagogical principles and methodological innovations creates holistic, adaptive, and effective educational systems that prepare students for success in a complex and rapidly changing global society.
The findings demonstrate that integrating modern pedagogical principles and methodological innovations creates holistic, adaptive, and effective educational systems that prepare students for success in a complex and rapidly changing global society.
77-80
104
16
OPPORTUNITIES AND LIMITATIONS OF USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE TEACHING PROCESS
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in teaching processes offers both significant opportunities and notable challenges. AI tools, including intelligent tutoring systems, adaptive learning platforms, and automated assessment technologies, can enhance personalized instruction, student engagement, and educational outcomes. They provide data-driven insights that enable teachers to monitor progress, identify learning gaps, and implement timely interventions. However, AI implementation also presents limitations, such as algorithmic bias, data privacy concerns, limited infrastructure, and the need for teacher training. This study examines the potential advantages and constraints of AI in teaching, highlighting strategies for responsible, effective, and inclusive integration into educational settings.
81-85
101
10
INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO ORGANIZING PRACTICAL TRAINING IN PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
This article explores innovative approaches to organizing practical training in professional education. The study emphasizes the integration of digital technologies, including virtual laboratories, simulations, and AI-supported platforms, as well as simulation-based and project-oriented learning methods. These strategies enhance student engagement, facilitate personalized learning, and bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and real-world application. Collaborative and interdisciplinary approaches foster teamwork, communication, creativity, and critical thinking, while scenario-based assessments provide authentic evaluation of both technical and cognitive competencies. The findings highlight the importance of adopting innovative methodologies to improve the quality, effectiveness, and relevance of professional education, ultimately preparing graduates to meet contemporary industry demands and thrive in rapidly evolving, technology-driven environments.
86-89
153
16
THE COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AND ITS EFFECTIVENESS
The present study explores the communicative approach in foreign language teaching and evaluates its effectiveness in developing learners’ linguistic, pragmatic, and intercultural competencies. Unlike traditional methods that focus on memorization and repetitive exercises, the communicative approach emphasizes meaningful interaction, task-based learning, and authentic language use. The research highlights how learner-centered strategies, including role-plays, collaborative projects, and real-life communication scenarios, enhance fluency, accuracy, and confidence. Additionally, the integration of cultural and sociolinguistic aspects fosters intercultural awareness and pragmatic competence. The findings indicate that the communicative approach not only improves language proficiency but also promotes motivation, engagement, and learner autonomy, making it a highly relevant methodology for contemporary foreign language education.
90-94
41
14
TASVIRIY VA AMALIY SAN’ATDA AI ORQALI KOMPOZITSIYA, RANG VA FORMA O‘RGATISH USULLARI
This study explores the possibilities of using artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in visual and applied arts education to develop skills in composition, color, and form. The research analyzes methods for enhancing students’ creative thinking and visual literacy through visual analysis systems, generative models, and interactive digital environments.
95-99
26
11
MAKTABGACHA YOSHDAGI BOLALARNI TARBIYALASHDA XORIJ TAJRIBASI SHAHRISABZ DAVLAT PEDAGOGIKA INSTITUTI
This paper examines the experience of foreign countries in preschool education, focusing on advanced pedagogical approaches used in Finland, Japan, Italy (Reggio Emilia and Montessori), the USA, Canada, Germany, and Scandinavian countries. The study highlights key principles of international practices, such as individualized learning, free play, interaction with nature, creative development, the use of technologies, and the enhancement of social-emotional competencies. The applicability of these foreign educational models to the preschool education system of Uzbekistan is also discussed.
100-103
24
14
THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES FOR ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANT HELICOBACTER PYLORI: CURRENT STRATEGIES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
Antibiotic-resistant Helicobacter pylori infection has emerged as a major global health concern, significantly reducing the effectiveness of conventional eradication therapies.
Resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, and levofloxacin has led to persistent gastritis, recurrent peptic ulcers, and increased risk of gastric malignancies. Regional variations in resistance patterns complicate empirical treatment and necessitate tailored therapeutic approaches. Modern strategies, including bismuth-containing quadruple therapy, sequential and concomitant regimens, and molecular-guided personalized treatments, have improved eradication outcomes. Adjunctive measures such as probiotics and optimized acid suppression further enhance treatment efficacy. Ongoing research into novel antibiotics, vaccines, and alternative delivery systems offers promising solutions for the long-term management and prevention of resistant infections. This review emphasizes the importance of integrating clinical, molecular, and public health strategies to reduce the global burden of antibiotic-resistant H. pylori.
Resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, and levofloxacin has led to persistent gastritis, recurrent peptic ulcers, and increased risk of gastric malignancies. Regional variations in resistance patterns complicate empirical treatment and necessitate tailored therapeutic approaches. Modern strategies, including bismuth-containing quadruple therapy, sequential and concomitant regimens, and molecular-guided personalized treatments, have improved eradication outcomes. Adjunctive measures such as probiotics and optimized acid suppression further enhance treatment efficacy. Ongoing research into novel antibiotics, vaccines, and alternative delivery systems offers promising solutions for the long-term management and prevention of resistant infections. This review emphasizes the importance of integrating clinical, molecular, and public health strategies to reduce the global burden of antibiotic-resistant H. pylori.
104-106
27
9
EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF SCHOOL LEADERSHIP ON TEACHER MORALE AND RETENTION THROUGH A MIXED-METHODS CASE STUDY
This study examines the relationship between school leadership practices and teacher morale and retention in secondary education. Employing a mixed-methods case study, quantitative data were collected through structured surveys, while qualitative insights were obtained via semi-structured interviews with school principals and teachers. Findings reveal that leadership styles, communication practices, and emotional support significantly influence teacher satisfaction, motivation, and long-term commitment. Transformational and participatory leadership approaches were associated with higher morale and reduced turnover intentions, whereas authoritarian or rigid management correlated with lower satisfaction and increased attrition. The study highlights the importance of leadership development programs that prioritize emotional intelligence, collaborative decision-making, and teacher empowerment to strengthen staff retention and overall educational quality.
107-109
49
22
THE IMPORTANCE OF PERSONALISED EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
In this article, the theoretical foundations, essence, advantages, and effectiveness of learner-centered educational technology in the process of upbringing are discussed. In addition, the pedagogical and psychological significance of the learner-centered approach, its role in the development of the learner’s personality, and its impact on the effectiveness of upbringing are scientifically analyzed.
223-225
32
14
O‘ZBEK XALQ CHOLG‘ULARI ORASIDA DUTORNING TUTGAN O‘RNI
Mazkur maqolada o‘zbek xalq cholg‘ulari tizimida dutorning o‘rni, uning tarixiy ildizlari, rivojlanish bosqichlari, ijrochilik maktablari hamda madaniy-ma’naviy hayotimizdagi ahamiyati atroflicha yoritiladi. Tadqiqot davomida dutorning o‘zbek xalqi hayoti, marosimlari, urf-odatlari va og‘zaki ijod namunalari bilan uzviy bog‘liqligi o‘rganilgan.
Shuningdek, dutor o‘qitilishi bo‘yicha zamonaviy yondashuvlar, musiqa maktablari va oliy ta’lim muassasalaridagi metodik yo‘nalishlar ham tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot natijalari dutorning milliy o‘zlikni anglash, estetik didni shakllantirish va yosh avlod tarbiyasidagi o‘rnini ko‘rsatib beradi.
Shuningdek, dutor o‘qitilishi bo‘yicha zamonaviy yondashuvlar, musiqa maktablari va oliy ta’lim muassasalaridagi metodik yo‘nalishlar ham tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot natijalari dutorning milliy o‘zlikni anglash, estetik didni shakllantirish va yosh avlod tarbiyasidagi o‘rnini ko‘rsatib beradi.
226-228
26
15
RUBOB CHOLG’USINING KELIB CHIQISH TARIXI VA UNING MARKAZIY OSIYO MUSIQA MADANIYATIDAGI O’RNI
Ushbu maqolada rubob cholg‘usining kelib chiqish tarixi, shakllanish jarayoni hamda Markaziy Osiyo musiqa madaniyatidagi o‘rni ilmiy manbalar asosida yoritiladi.
Rubobning maqom san’ati, folklor musiqasi va zamonaviy ijrochilikdagi ahamiyati tadqiq qilinadi. Shuningdek, mavjud adabiyotlar tahlili, tadqiqot metodologiyasi, natijalar va muhokama qismlari orqali rubobning bugungi musiqa tizimidagi o‘rni ilmiy yondashuv asosida o‘rganiladi.
Rubobning maqom san’ati, folklor musiqasi va zamonaviy ijrochilikdagi ahamiyati tadqiq qilinadi. Shuningdek, mavjud adabiyotlar tahlili, tadqiqot metodologiyasi, natijalar va muhokama qismlari orqali rubobning bugungi musiqa tizimidagi o‘rni ilmiy yondashuv asosida o‘rganiladi.
315-320
31
11
PROBLEMS ARISING IN PROVIDING HUMAN RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS IN SOCIETY AND THEIR SOLUTIONS
Целью данной статьи является анализ основных проблем, возникающих в процессе обеспечения прав и свобод человека в обществе, и обоснование эффективных путей их решения. Современная глобализация, цифровая трансформация, рост социального неравенства, информационное давление и ускорение миграционных процессов предъявляют новые требования к системе защиты прав человека.
Поэтому в исследовании с глубокой научной точки зрения рассматриваются такие факторы, как недостаточное формирование правосознания, задержки в правоприменении в отдельных сферах, наличие коррупции и недостаточное взаимодействие государственных органов с гражданским обществом.
Также научно раскрываются современные угрозы и проблемы, такие как новые виды правонарушений, защита персональных данных, цифровая безопасность и онлайн-дискриминация, возникшие в результате активного использования населением информационных технологий в последние годы.
В заключение исследования будут представлены конкретные предложения и рекомендации по совершенствованию нормативно-правовой базы, углублению реформ в судебной системе, усилению открытости и подотчетности государственных органов, повышению активности институтов гражданского общества, развитию правовой культуры и укреплению цифровой безопасности для эффективного обеспечения прав человека.
Поэтому в исследовании с глубокой научной точки зрения рассматриваются такие факторы, как недостаточное формирование правосознания, задержки в правоприменении в отдельных сферах, наличие коррупции и недостаточное взаимодействие государственных органов с гражданским обществом.
Также научно раскрываются современные угрозы и проблемы, такие как новые виды правонарушений, защита персональных данных, цифровая безопасность и онлайн-дискриминация, возникшие в результате активного использования населением информационных технологий в последние годы.
В заключение исследования будут представлены конкретные предложения и рекомендации по совершенствованию нормативно-правовой базы, углублению реформ в судебной системе, усилению открытости и подотчетности государственных органов, повышению активности институтов гражданского общества, развитию правовой культуры и укреплению цифровой безопасности для эффективного обеспечения прав человека.
110-113
39
22
THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN – GUARANTEES OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
This study analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of guaranteeing human rights and freedoms in the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The study examines the role of the Constitution in protecting human rights, the mechanisms for implementing rights, as well as the problems arising in modern society and ways to eliminate them on a scientific basis. The concept of human rights, their personal, civil, socio-economic and cultural aspects, the role and significance of Constitutional guarantees in society are analyzed.
The article also highlights the importance of issues such as legal culture, raising civic awareness, social protection and digital security in fully ensuring rights. The results of the study show that the Constitution, as the main legal document guaranteeing human rights, is a central instrument for the stability of society and the development of democratic principles.
The article also highlights the importance of issues such as legal culture, raising civic awareness, social protection and digital security in fully ensuring rights. The results of the study show that the Constitution, as the main legal document guaranteeing human rights, is a central instrument for the stability of society and the development of democratic principles.
4-10
44
17
RAQOBAT SHAROITIDA QURILISH SANOATI KORXONALARINI BOSHQARISH MUAMMOLARI VA ULARNING ECHIMI
Ushbu maqolada qurilish sanoati korxonalarining raqobatbardoshligini boshqarish masalalari ko'rib chiqilgan bo’lib, unda raqobatbardoshlikni boshqarishga sifat orqali erishish yo’llariga e'tibor qaratilgan. Raqobatbardoshlikni boshqarishda baholash funktsiyalari va mintaqaviy qurilish korxonalari uchun sifat menejmentining yaxlit tizimi taklif etilgan. Xuddi shuningdek maqolada qurilish korxonalarida mahalliy sifat menejmenti tizimlari uchun metodologiya ishlab chiqilgan.
11-16
25
9
ELOBORATION OF CORRECTION FACTORS INCLUDED IN THE LOSS OF LABOR EXPENSES DURING RECONSTRUCTION
The degree of mechanization of installation work during reconstruction is characterized not only by a large proportion of labor costs, but also by the quality of the work performed. In order to reduce losses in construction organizations, it was proposed to create a differentiated regulatory framework in the form of correction factors for certain types of work during reconstruction, expansion and new construction on the territory of existing industrial enterprises.
17-20
34
12
QURILISH SANOATI KORXONALARIDA MAHSULOT SIFATINI BOSHQARISH IZIMINI NAZORAT FUNKSIYASINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH
Ushbu maqolada qurilish va qurilish industriyasi korxonalarida mahsulot sifatini oshirish muammolarini tahlili hamda sifatni tezkor nazorat qilish tizimini yaratish usullari yoritib berilgan.
Shuningdek, unda tizimni joriy qilish uchun tayyorgarlik ishlarini turlari, nazorat tizimini yakuniy natijalarini tavsifi, xulosa va tavsiyalar berilgan.
Shuningdek, unda tizimni joriy qilish uchun tayyorgarlik ishlarini turlari, nazorat tizimini yakuniy natijalarini tavsifi, xulosa va tavsiyalar berilgan.
21-26
33
13
QURILISH ISHLAB CHIQARISHDA LOYIHALARNI TASNIF QILISH BELGILARI
The effectiveness of investment and construction projects largely depends on the organization of their contracting and construction stage. An important aspect of this stage is that from an organizational and legal point of view, the construction of buildings acts as a separate project for construction organizations. In this regard, we have taken the study of projects at construction sites as the object of our research. This article describes the concept of construction projects, their classification and analysis.
27-31
29
9
THE IMPORTANCE OF STRATEGIC MARKETING PLANNING IN A MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISE
In this article, the aim is to study the market, to accelerate the marketing of manufactured products in the markets where they operate, to strengthen the effect of additional service after the sale of goods, to search for opportunities to increase product sales, new market segments, consumers groups, installation of new models, search for new consumption or application areas for the manufactured product were considered.
32-35
24
18
MINTAQAVIY IQTISODIY O‘SISHNI TA’MINLASHDA INFRATUZILMA LOYIHALARINING AHAMIYATI VA SAMARADORLIGI
This article analyzes the importance of infrastructure projects in accelerating the economic growth of Uzbekistan’s regions and ways to enhance their efficiency. The study provides practical recommendations for the economic analysis of the impact of the development of transport, energy, communication, and social infrastructure on regional economic activity.
36-39
34
15
QURILISH SOHASIDA MEHNAT UNUMDORLIGINI OSHIRISH VA INSON KAPITALINI RIVOJLANTIRISH STRATEGIYALARI
This article analyzes strategies for improving labor productivity and developing human capital in the construction sector of Uzbekistan. The construction industry plays a crucial role in economic growth, providing infrastructure, housing, and employment opportunities.
However, low labor productivity and insufficiently developed human capital reduce project efficiency and increase costs. The article examines approaches to enhance workforce skills, implement modern construction technologies, digitalization, and motivation systems. It also considers the importance of state policies and corporate strategies in supporting labor productivity and human capital development. Practical recommendations are proposed to increase efficiency, improve project quality, and ensure sustainable development in the construction sector.
However, low labor productivity and insufficiently developed human capital reduce project efficiency and increase costs. The article examines approaches to enhance workforce skills, implement modern construction technologies, digitalization, and motivation systems. It also considers the importance of state policies and corporate strategies in supporting labor productivity and human capital development. Practical recommendations are proposed to increase efficiency, improve project quality, and ensure sustainable development in the construction sector.
40-44
30
12
QURILISH KORXONALARINING IQTISODIY SAMARADORLIGINI OSHIRISHDA BOSHQARUV TIZIMINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH
Ushbu maqolada Oʻzbekiston Respublikasida qurilish korxonalarining iqtisodiy samaradorligini oshirishda boshqaruv tizimini takomillashtirish masalalari keng yoritilgan. Tadqiqotda qurilish sohasida menejment tizimining hozirgi holati, mavjud muammolar va ularni bartaraf etishning samarali yo‘llari tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, innovatsion boshqaruv texnologiyalarini joriy etish, raqamli transformatsiya, inson resurslarini rivojlantirish hamda xarajatlarni optimallashtirish orqali korxona faoliyatining iqtisodiy natijalarini yaxshilash imkoniyatlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Maqola natijalariga ko‘ra, qurilish korxonalarida samarali boshqaruv tizimini shakllantirish raqobatbardoshlikni oshirish, foydalilik darajasini yuqorilatish va barqaror rivojlanishni ta’minlashning muhim omili sifatida e’tirof etiladi.
45-48
25
10
QURILISHDA BOSHQARUV TUZILMALARINING TURLARI AHAMIYATI VA ULARNING TAHLILI
Bu maqolada tashkiliy tuzilmalarning turlari, afzalligi va kamchiliklari hamda tashkilotlarda o’rni, vazifalari va tasnifi tahlil qilingan. Mualliflar tomonidan boshqaruv tuzilmalarni taxlil qilishning yangicha yondashuvi taklif qilingan.
49-52
29
16
QURILISH KORXONALARIDA BOSHQARUVNING TASHKILIY TUZILMASINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH USULLARI.
Maqolada qurilish sanoati korxonalarida boshqaruv tuzilmasini takomillashtirishning usullari ya’ni nusxalash va ilg’or tajribali tuzilmalarni yaratishning sifat usullari va iqtisodiy-matematik va tashkiliy madellashtirish usullari yoritib berilgan. Usullarning amaliyotda qo’llanilishining afzalliklari ko’rsatilgan.
53-57
29
10
O’ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASIDA QURILISH SOHASINING RIVOJLANISH TENDENSIYASI
Construction is one of the leading sectors of our country's economy. Especially in recent years, in the context of the intensive investment policy pursued by the head of our state, there is a need to study the dynamics of construction work. This article is aimed at revealing the state and development patterns of the construction industry based on the analysis of statistical data for 2015-2024.
58-62
33
16
QUALITY CONTROL SYSTEM AND DESIGN IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
This article reviews the current system of quality control for design and construction in the Republic of Uzbekistan, examines institutional and regulatory frameworks, identifies key challenges, and proposes practical recommendations to strengthen quality management across the sector. Uzbekistan’s construction sector has been undergoing rapid transformation driven by national strategies to modernize building codes, adopt international standards, and strengthen institutional oversight. Despite progress, persistent gaps remain in standardization, laboratory testing capacity, contractor qualification, and the consistent application of quality management systems on projects.
63-68
31
17
O‘ZBEKISTON QURILISH SANOATI RAQOBATBARDOSHLIGINI OSHIRISHNING DOLZARB MUAMMOLARI
Mazkur maqolada O‘zbekiston qurilish sanoatining hozirgi holati, uning raqobatbardoshligini ta’minlovchi omillar hamda sohadagi tizimli muammolar tahlil qilingan.
Qurilish tarmog‘i mamlakat iqtisodiyotining strategik sektori bo‘lib, ichki bozorni rivojlantirish, eksport salohiyatini oshirish va yangi ish o‘rinlarini yaratishda muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Shunga qaramay, texnologik kechikish, innovatsiyalarni joriy etishdagi sustlik, kadrlar malakasining yetarli emasligi va investitsion muhitning to‘liq shakllanmagani tarmoq raqobatbardoshligini pasaytirmoqda. Maqolada raqamli transformatsiya, “yashil qurilish” tamoyillari, import o‘rnini bosuvchi ishlab chiqarish va xalqaro hamkorlikni kengaytirish orqali sohani rivojlantirish istiqbollari ko‘rsatib o‘tiladi. Shuningdek, O‘zbekiston sharoitida qurilish klasterlarini tashkil etish va BIM (Building Information Modeling) tizimlarini joriy etish orqali samaradorlikni oshirish bo‘yicha ilmiy asoslangan takliflar ilgari surilgan.
Qurilish tarmog‘i mamlakat iqtisodiyotining strategik sektori bo‘lib, ichki bozorni rivojlantirish, eksport salohiyatini oshirish va yangi ish o‘rinlarini yaratishda muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Shunga qaramay, texnologik kechikish, innovatsiyalarni joriy etishdagi sustlik, kadrlar malakasining yetarli emasligi va investitsion muhitning to‘liq shakllanmagani tarmoq raqobatbardoshligini pasaytirmoqda. Maqolada raqamli transformatsiya, “yashil qurilish” tamoyillari, import o‘rnini bosuvchi ishlab chiqarish va xalqaro hamkorlikni kengaytirish orqali sohani rivojlantirish istiqbollari ko‘rsatib o‘tiladi. Shuningdek, O‘zbekiston sharoitida qurilish klasterlarini tashkil etish va BIM (Building Information Modeling) tizimlarini joriy etish orqali samaradorlikni oshirish bo‘yicha ilmiy asoslangan takliflar ilgari surilgan.
69-74
29
12
QURILISH MAHSULOTLARI TASHISHNI OPTIMALLASHTIRISH MASALASINING IQTISODIY TAHLILI
This article examines the state of supply of building materials during construction in 2024 in the districts of the Samarkand region. The addresses of delivery of construction raw materials, the areas where the goods are transported, transportation and other costs per unit of raw materials are indicated. In the article, the state of product supplies and optimization of routes using economic and mathematical analysis of a theoretical and practical nature, a model of the relationship between their interaction is constructed and the optimal option is selected.
75-77
36
15
XALQARO STANDARTLASHTIRISH TALABLARI ASOSIDA QURILISH SINOV LABORATORIYALARINING FAOLIYATINI BAHOLASH
This article presents the conformity assessment system in Uzbekistan, the activities of the Uzbekistan Accreditation Center DM, conformity assessment bodies, and construction testing laboratories based on international requirements, as well as current problems in the field and practical proposals for them.
78-80
22
14
O‘ZBEKISTONDA QURILISH SANOATI RAQOBATBARDOSHLIGINI OSHIRISHDA INNOVATSION TEXNOLOGIYALARNING O‘RNI
This article provides an in-depth analysis of the role and significance of innovative technologies in enhancing the competitiveness of Uzbekistan’s construction industry. It highlights the ongoing economic reforms in the country, particularly measures aimed at modernizing the construction sector, digitalizing production processes, and introducing advanced technologies. The paper examines issues such as the automation of construction processes, the implementation of “green” technologies, the improvement of energy efficiency, the development of digital management systems, and the production of construction materials in line with international standards. It also explores ways to increase the efficiency of construction enterprises, ensure the rational use of resources, and strengthen quality control through innovative solutions. Furthermore, the article proposes measures to support research activities, improve personnel qualifications, and study international experience to transform Uzbekistan’s construction industry into one of the most competitive sectors in the region.
81-84
32
15
QURILISH MATERIALLARI ISHLAB CHIQARISH KORXONALARINING SAMARADORLIGINI OSHIRISH YO‘LLARI
This article analyzes the issues related to improving the economic efficiency of construction materials production enterprises in the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as the existing problems and ways to address them. Due to the rapid development of the construction sector in the country, the demand for high-quality, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly construction materials is increasing. In this regard, it has become a pressing need to introduce innovative technologies, digitalize production, use resources rationally, and improve management systems in enterprise activities. The article provides a detailed discussion of factors that enhance production efficiency, including technological modernization, increasing labor productivity, optimizing logistics systems, and developing export potential. Practical recommendations are also presented on achieving sustainable development through strengthening competitiveness in the sector, expanding innovative approaches, and implementing the principles of the “green economy.”
85-87
34
12
O’ZBEKISTONDA UY-JOY QURILISHI VA ARZON UY-JOY DASTURLARINI RIVOJLANTIRISH: MOLIYAVIY VA TEXNOLOGIK YECHIMLAR
This article analyzes the issues of housing construction and the development of affordable housing programs in Uzbekistan. The increasing demand for housing among the population, the insufficient availability of affordable housing programs, and the rising construction costs make it urgent to find effective solutions in this area. The article explores the possibilities of achieving sustainable and efficient results by applying financial and technological solutions in housing construction. State-private partnerships, credit mechanisms, prefabricated and modular construction technologies, energy-efficient materials, and digitalized construction processes are discussed as ways to reduce project costs and improve quality.
88-90
32
14
O‘ZBEKISTON IQTISODIYOTIDA INVESTITSIYALARNI BOSHQARISH, XARAJATLAR HISOBI VA BUXGALTERIYA TIZIMINING O‘ZARO BOG‘LIQLIGI
Investment activity is one of the key drivers of a country's economic development.
Its efficiency directly depends on accurate cost accounting and a transparent accounting system. This article analyzes the economic essence of investments, types of cost accounting, and the role of financial accounting in investment decision-making. It also explores the investment environment and the practice of maintaining investment accounting in Uzbekistan.
Its efficiency directly depends on accurate cost accounting and a transparent accounting system. This article analyzes the economic essence of investments, types of cost accounting, and the role of financial accounting in investment decision-making. It also explores the investment environment and the practice of maintaining investment accounting in Uzbekistan.
91-95
47
9
QURILISH LOYIHALARIDA SIFATNI SHAKLLANISH BOSQICHLARI
Ushbu maqolada qurilish loyihalarida sifatni shakllantirish bosqichlari, ularning mazmuni va ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Qurilish jarayonida sifat ko‘rsatkichlari loyiha ishlab chiqish, qurilish-montaj ishlarini bajarish hamda obyektni foydalanishga topshirish bosqichlarida shakllanadi. Maqolada har bir bosqichda sifatni ta’minlashga ta’sir etuvchi omillar, nazorat va boshqaruv mexanizmlari, shuningdek, zamonaviy texnologiyalar va standartlarning roli yoritilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, sifatni shakllantirish jarayonida kompleks yondashuv, innovatsion usullar va me’yoriy hujjatlarga rioya etish yuqori sifatli, xavfsiz va barqaror qurilish obyektlarini yaratishning asosiy omilidir. Qurilish obyektlarini loyihalash jarayonida amalga oshirish uchun loyihalashtirish jarayonini boshqarish dolzarb muammo hisoblanadi. Maqolada qurilishda loyihalashtirishga jarayonli yondashuv asosida tahlil qilish uslubiyatini rivojlantirish masalalari bayon qilingan.
96-99
27
12
O‘ZBEKISTONDA YASHIL QURILISH TIZIMINI RIVOJLANTIRISH ISTIQBOLLARI
This article highlights the importance, relevance, and prospects for the development of the green building system in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The main principles of green construction — energy efficiency, environmental cleanliness, the use of renewable resources, and waste-free production — are analyzed. The paper also examines the measures being implemented in the country within the framework of the “green economy” concept, as well as similarities between international experience and national practice. The article presents scientific conclusions on the prospects for the development of green construction in Uzbekistan, its challenges, and possible solutions.
100-107
37
13
KORXONANI TASHQI MUHITINING NOANIQLIGI VAZIYATIDA STRATEGIK BOSHQARUVGA ZAMONAVIY YONDASHUVLAR
Ushbu maqolada tashqi muhitning yuqori darajada noaniqligi bilan tavsiflanadigan zamonaviy sharoitda faoliyat ko‘rsatadigan korxonalardagi strategik boshqaruvning metodologik muammolari tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotning ilmiy-amaliy muamosi bo‘lib, mikrodarajada strategik qarorlarni amalga oshirish davrida tashqi muhitda ro‘y beradigan o‘zgarishlar hisoblanadi. Noaniqlik sharoitida strategik menejmentning nazariy va metodologik yondashuvlarini dolzarbligini tahlil etish tadqiqotning maqsadi hisoblanadi. Strategik menejmentning asosiy tamoyillari, iqtisodiy tahlil, korxonalar iqtisodiyoti hamda ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy tizimlarni boshqarishda noaniqlik konsepsiyasi ushbu maqolaning metodologik asosi hisoblanadi.
108-111
25
12
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ЦИФРОВОГО ОБЩЕСТВА В КАЗАХСТАНЕ
The article examines the features of the digital transformation process in Kazakhstan and the main directions of the state program “Digital Kazakhstan.” The program has provided a strong impetus for the country's development through the digitalization of the economy, improvement of digital infrastructure, enhancement of the population's digital literacy, and support for innovations. The achieved results, as well as the existing challenges, such as the shortage of skilled personnel, infrastructural inequality, and cybersecurity issues, are highlighted. In the future, strategic priorities for Kazakhstan include the development of human capital and ensuring the accessibility of digital services for all citizens.
112-117
28
6
ВНЕДРЕНИЕ ПЕРЕДОВОЙ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ – НАПРАВЛЕНИЕ БУДУЩЕГО РАЗВИТИЯ ТАДЖИКИСТАНА
В современном мире инновации становятся ключевым фактором устойчивого экономического роста и конкурентоспособности государств.
Для Таджикистана, находящегося на этапе активной модернизации и структурных преобразований, внедрение передовой инновационной структуры является важнейшим стратегическим направлением развития.
В статье рассматриваются теоретико-методологические основы формирования национальной инновационной системы, анализируются существующие проблемы и барьеры, препятствующие эффективному внедрению инноваций в экономику страны.
Особое внимание уделяется роли государства в создании благоприятной инновационной среды, совершенствованию законодательства.
Для Таджикистана, находящегося на этапе активной модернизации и структурных преобразований, внедрение передовой инновационной структуры является важнейшим стратегическим направлением развития.
В статье рассматриваются теоретико-методологические основы формирования национальной инновационной системы, анализируются существующие проблемы и барьеры, препятствующие эффективному внедрению инноваций в экономику страны.
Особое внимание уделяется роли государства в создании благоприятной инновационной среды, совершенствованию законодательства.
118-122
29
10
HUDUDLАRDАGI QURILISH TARMOG’IDA TADBIRKORLIK FAOLIYATINI BОSHQАRISHNING BА’ZI YO’LLАRI
Ushbu mаqоlа hududlаrdа qurilish tаrmоg’idа tаdbirkоrlik fаоliyatinini sаmаrаli bоshqаrishdаgi muаmmоlаr еchimigа qаrаtilgаn bo’lib, mаqоlаdа hоzirgi vаqtdа qurilishdа tаdbirkоrlikni yanаdа tаkоmillаshtirish uchun bugungi kundа nimаlаrgа e’tibоr bеrish kеrаkligi, qurilishdа hаm хususiy sеktоrni rivоjlаntirish vа mintаqа qurilishigа jоriy etish аsоsidа, qurilish tаrmоg’idа tаdbirkоrlik fаоliyatinini sаmаrаli bоshqаrish mumkinligi bo’yichа fikrlаr yuritilgаn.
123-126
24
10
IQTISODIYOTNI RAQAMLI BOSHQARUVINING NAZARIY ASOSLARI
This article examines the economic content and essence of the digital economy, its current relevance, and the present state of digital governance in Uzbekistan. In addition, it provides a comparative analysis of the situation in Uzbekistan and abroad. Based on these analyses, scientific recommendations and conclusions regarding the priority directions and development of the digital economy in the Republic of Uzbekistan have been developed.
127-130
36
8
RAQAMLI IQTISODIYOTNI RIVOJLANTIRISHDAGI TURKUM MUAMMOLAR
The article examines the development of the digital economy and the enhancement of efficiency in corporate and government management through digital transformation processes. Information and communication technologies and artificial intelligence tools enable the automation of processes, data analysis, and improved decision-making quality across all sectors of economic activity. At the same time, digital transformation optimizes resource utilization, accelerates work processes, and increases economic efficiency. The article also explores the social, financial, and regulatory aspects of the digital economy, including the protection of personal data, the implementation of innovations, and the promotion of inclusive development.
110-123
38
6
О‘ZBЕKISTОNDA ЕKSPОRT-IMPОRT FAОLIYATINI BОJXОNA TОMОNIDAN TARTIBGA SОLISH
This articlе analyzеs thе rоlе and significancе оf custоms authоritiеs in thе rеgulatiоn оf еxpоrt and impоrt activitiеs in thе Rеpublic оf Uzbеkistan. Spеcial attеntiоn is givеn tо custоms pоlicy, cоntrоl mеchanisms, and digital transfоrmatiоn prоcеssеs in thе dеvеlоpmеnt оf fоrеign еcоnоmic activity. Thе articlе prеsеnts analytical data basеd оn оfficial statistics оn еxpоrt and impоrt vоlumеs fоr 2023-2025, and highlights thе dynamics оf cооpеratiоn with thе cоuntry’s main trading partnеrs. Thе study idеntifiеs еxisting prоblеms and shоrtcоmings in currеnt rеgulatоry mеchanisms, as wеll as practical rеcоmmеndatiоns fоr thеir imprоvеmеnt. Thе findings arе impоrtant fоr furthеr еnhancеmеnt оf custоms pоlicy and incrеasing thе transparеncy оf fоrеign tradе prоcеssеs.
68-78
29
18
RAQAMLI INNOVATSIYALAR ASOSIDA MILLIY IQTISODIYOTNING RAQOBATBARDOSHLIGINI OSHIRISH: RIVOJLANGAN DAVLATLAR TAJRIBASI
This article analyzes the role of digital innovations in enhancing the competitiveness of national economies, based on the experience of developed countries. The study highlights the importance of digital technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), big data analytics, cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT), and digital platforms, in improving productivity, economic efficiency, and innovation-driven growth. The experiences of the United States, South Korea, and the European Union demonstrate successful strategies for digital transformation, including investments in AI and high-performance computing, e-government services, and the EU’s “Digital Europe” program. The article emphasizes the significance of integrating digital innovations into national economic strategies to ensure sustainable growth, global competitiveness, and adaptability to the evolving digital economy.
131-135
39
17
KO'CHMAS MULKNI BAHOLASHDA SUN'IY INTELLEKT FOYDALANISH ISTIQBOLLARI
This article explores the role of artificial intelligence in real estate valuation and the potential for its application in urban planning management to achieve sustainable urban development.
136-140
25
10
HUDUDDA QURILISH FAOLIYATINI BОSHQАRISHDА TADBIRKORLIKNING ROLI
The article discusses the role and place of entrepreneurship in managing construction activities in the region, its solutions, what to pay attention to when developing entrepreneurship in the construction complex, what changes can occur in construction if entrepreneurship is developed, and what changes are being made by entrepreneurs today, and what can be done to effectively manage the construction of the region based on the organization of entrepreneurial activity and recommendations are given.
141-146
33
15
KAPITAL QURILISH SOHASIDA INNOVATSION-INVESTITSION JARAYONLARNI BOSHQARISH MEXANIZMINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH YO'LLARI
Maqolada kapital qurilish sohasida innovatsion-investitsion jarayonlarni samarali boshqarish masalalari, ularning zamonaviy iqtisodiy islohotlar sharoitida tutgan o‘rni, raqamlashtirish, sun’iy intellekt va ilg‘or texnologiyalarni joriy etish orqali boshqaruv mexanizmlarini takomillashtirish yo‘llari tahlil etiladi. Shuningdek, investitsion faoliyat samaradorligini oshirish, xavf-xatarlarni kamaytirish hamda davlat va xususiy sektor o‘rtasidagi hamkorlikni kuchaytirish bo‘yicha taklif va tavsiyalar ilgari suriladi.
147-150
25
8
QURILISH SEKTORIDA RAQOBATBARDOSHLIKNI KADRLAR SALOHIYATINI RIVOJLANTIRISH ORQALI MUSTAHKAMLASH
This article analyzes the significance of human resource potential in enhancing the competitiveness of Uzbekistan's construction sector. It emphasizes that the foundation of successful performance in the construction industry is qualified and competent specialists. The article examines strategies for strengthening the competitiveness of construction enterprises through workforce training, professional development, and the improvement of their knowledge and practical skills. Additionally, the article highlights current issues in developing human resource potential, explores ways to address them, and provides practical recommendations.
151-153
30
11
RAQAMLI QURILISH EKOTIZIMI VA SUN’IY INTELLEKTNING TA’SIRI: MILLIY TAJRIBA VA ISTIQBOLLAR
This article analyzes the implementation of innovative technologies in the construction sector, particularly the integration of digitalization and artificial intelligence (AI) systems, their role in improving production efficiency, and the potential risks that may arise. The study examines the opportunities of AI in automating construction processes, project management, efficient resource utilization, and enhancing safety systems. In addition, issues related to technological security, data protection, and human-related risks are discussed.
154-157
34
12
SUN’IY INTELLEKTNING ZAMONAVIY BIZNES BOSHQARUVIDAGI ROLI VA ISTIQBOLLARI
In recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies have profoundly transformed the global business environment by accelerating decision-making processes, improving operational efficiency, and elevating customer interaction to a new level. This article highlights the strategic importance of AI in enhancing modern business management. Within the scope of the study, applications of AI in marketing, supply chain, and finance sectors are analyzed, while challenges and solutions related to AI implementation are examined. The authors emphasize the necessity of developing an ethical, sustainable, and efficient AI strategy based on responsible principles.
158-163
21
10
INNOVATSION IQTISODIYOT SHAROITIDA QURILISHNI BOSHQARISHNI RAQAMLASHTIRISH VA SUN’IY INTELLEKTDAN FOYDALANISH IMKONIYATLARI
Maqolada innovatsion iqtisodiyot sharoitida qurilish sohasini boshqarishda raqamlashtirish va sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalaridan foydalanishning ilmiy-nazariy asoslari hamda amaliy jihatlari yoritilgan. Qurilish jarayonlarida raqamli yechimlar, axborot modellashtirish (BIM), sun’iy intellekt (AI) va “yashil” texnologiyalarning samaradorligi tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, O‘zbekistonda qurilish sohasini raqamlashtirishda mavjud muammolar va ularning yechimlari bo‘yicha taklif va tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan.
164-167
29
15
ONLAYN SAVDO DO’KONINI YARATISHDA FOYDALANILADIGAN DASTURLAR VA XIZMATLAR TAHLILI
Ushbu maqolada biz raqamli iqtisodiyotni asosiy bo’lagi hisoblangan elektron tijoratni tashkil etish, hamda tashkiliy jarayonda foydalaniladigan dasturlar va xizmatlarni tahlilini ko’rib chiqamiz. Bunda onlayn savdo do’konini yaratishda no-code dasturlari va ularning afzalliklari batafsil yoritib beriladi.
168-172
25
15
RAQAMLASHTIRISH JARAYONIDA INSON OMILINING KAMAYISHI VA UNING IJTIMOIY TA’SIRI
Ushbu maqolada raqamlashtirish jarayonining mehnat faoliyatiga, inson omilining ahamiyatiga va ijtimoiy tizimlarga ta’siri tahlil qilinadi. Sun’iy intellekt, avtomatlashtirish va raqamli texnologiyalar natijasida inson ishtirokining qisqarishi jamiyatdagi kasbiy moslashuv, ijtimoiy tengsizlik va bandlik muammolariga qanday ta’sir ko‘rsatayotgani o‘rganilgan. Tadqiqotda aralash metodlar — sotsiologik so‘rov, ekspert intervyu va qiyosiy tahlil usullari qo‘llanildi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, raqamlashtirish ijtimoiy tizimlarni modernizatsiya qilayotgan bo‘lsa-da, u yangi ijtimoiy muvozanat muammolarini ham yuzaga keltirmoqda. Shuningdek, raqamli transformatsiya sharoitida inson kapitalini rivojlantirish va yangi ijtimoiy moslashuv mexanizmlarini shakllantirish zarurligi asoslab berilgan.
173-177
37
13
MODERNIZATION OF EDUCATION THROUGH DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
The article outlines the role of digital technologies in today's education system.
The concept of "digital classroom" is revealed. The article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of digitalization in the education system.
The concept of "digital classroom" is revealed. The article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of digitalization in the education system.
178-183
27
8
SHAHAR YO‘LOVCHI TRANSPORTIDA AQLLI TRANSPORT TIZIMLARINI SHAKLLANTIRISHNING TASHKILIY VA IQTISODIY XUSUSIYATLARI
This article analyzes the organizational and economic aspects of implementing intelligent transport systems in the modernization of urban passenger transport. The role of digital technologies and automated control systems in improving the efficiency of transport infrastructure, managing passenger flows, and ensuring environmental sustainability is highlighted.
184-185
48
18
QURILISH SOHASIDA INNOVATSION RIVOJLANISH VA RAQAMLASHTIRISH
Ushbu maqolada qurilish sohasida innovatsion menejment va raqamlashtirish jarayonlarining ahamiyati, ularning tarmoq samaradorligi hamda boshqaruv tizimlariga ta’siri yoritilgan. Qurilish jarayonlarini zamonaviy IT-texnologiyalar asosida tashkil etish, avtomatlashtirish va sifat nazoratini takomillashtirish orqali resurslardan oqilona foydalanish, inson omilini kamaytirish hamda shaffoflikni oshirish masalalari tahlil qilingan.
Shuningdek, O‘zbekiston Respublikasida so‘nggi yillarda amalga oshirilayotgan “Raqamli O‘zbekiston– 2030” strategiyasi doirasidagi islohotlar, BIM, GIS, va IoT kabi raqamli tizimlarning amaliy qo‘llanilishi misolida qurilish tarmog‘ini modernizatsiya qilish yo‘nalishlari ko‘rsatib o‘tilgan. Tadqiqotda innovatsion yondashuv va menejmentning samarali integratsiyasi qurilish sohasining barqaror rivojlanishi uchun muhim omil sifatida baholangan
Shuningdek, O‘zbekiston Respublikasida so‘nggi yillarda amalga oshirilayotgan “Raqamli O‘zbekiston– 2030” strategiyasi doirasidagi islohotlar, BIM, GIS, va IoT kabi raqamli tizimlarning amaliy qo‘llanilishi misolida qurilish tarmog‘ini modernizatsiya qilish yo‘nalishlari ko‘rsatib o‘tilgan. Tadqiqotda innovatsion yondashuv va menejmentning samarali integratsiyasi qurilish sohasining barqaror rivojlanishi uchun muhim omil sifatida baholangan
95-99
33
12
MAKTABGACHA YOSHDAGI BOLALARNI TARBIYALASHDA XORIJ TAJRIBASI
This paper examines the experience of foreign countries in preschool education, focusing on advanced pedagogical approaches used in Finland, Japan, Italy (Reggio Emilia and Montessori), the USA, Canada, Germany, and Scandinavian countries. The study highlights key principles of international practices, such as individualized learning, free play, interaction with nature, creative development, the use of technologies, and the enhancement of social-emotional competencies. The applicability of these foreign educational models to the preschool education system of Uzbekistan is also discussed.
95-99
23
9
MAKTABGACHA YOSHDAGI BOLALARNI TARBIYALASHDA XORIJ TAJRIBASI
This paper examines the experience of foreign countries in preschool education, focusing on advanced pedagogical approaches used in Finland, Japan, Italy (Reggio Emilia and Montessori), the USA, Canada, Germany, and Scandinavian countries. The study highlights key principles of international practices, such as individualized learning, free play, interaction with nature, creative development, the use of technologies, and the enhancement of social-emotional competencies. The applicability of these foreign educational models to the preschool education system of Uzbekistan is also discussed.
186-192
35
14
AVTOBUS, TRAMVAY, TROLLEYBUS VA ELEKTROBUSLARNING SHAHAR TRANSPORT TIZIMIDAGI O’RNI VA RIVOJLANISH ISTIQBOLLARI
This article analyzes the significance of buses, trams, trolleybuses, and electric buses in improving the urban passenger transport system, focusing on their technical, economic, and environmental efficiency. Special attention is given to the role of electrified and energy-efficient transport in creating a sustainable transport system for modern cities. The article compares the advantages and disadvantages of each transport mode and proposes future development directions.
193-197
33
15
QURILISH MATERIALLARI ISHLAB CHIQARISHNING ATROF-MUHITGA TA’SIRINI KAMAYTIRISH YO‘LLARI
This article analyzes the negative impact of construction material production processes on the environment. It is shown that the manufacturing of cement, bricks, metal, and other construction products leads to harmful emissions into the atmosphere, depletion of natural resources, and an increase in waste, all of which contribute to environmental problems. The paper also discusses the main directions for reducing ecological risks — the use of resource-saving technologies, recycled materials, environmentally friendly products, and alternative energy sources. The study emphasizes that the implementation of "green technologies" in the construction sector is an important factor in environmental protection.
198-200
31
11
ZAMONAVIY INNOVASION LOYIHALARNING MAZMUN-MOHIYATI VA UNING UMUMIY TUSHUNCHALARINI ANIQLASH
This scientific article presents the results of scientific researches that determine the content, essence, scientific concepts of modern projects, and the methodology of innovative activity in the market economy is based on international standards.
201-206
34
16
TOSHKENT MARKAZINING MODERNIZATSIYA VA SHAHARSOZLIK LOYIHALARI
Yangilangan infratuzilma, zamonaviy binolar va yashil hududlar shaharni yanada chiroyli va qulay qildi. Loyihaning amalga oshirilishi aholi hayotining sifatini yaxshilashga va shaharni xalqaro miqyosda taniqli markazga aylantirishga xizmat qiladi.
207-209
31
13
RAQAMLI TEXNOLOGIYALAR DAVRIDA BUXGALTERIYANING ROLI VA RIVOJLANISH YO‘NALISHLARI
The article analyzes the impact of digital technologies on accounting, the role of automated systems and artificial intelligence, as well as the experience of Uzbekistan. The digitalization of accounting systems contributes to the accuracy, speed, and transparency of financial information.
210-212
30
16
SUN’IY INTELLEKT VA AVTOMATLASHTIRISHNING MEHNAT BOZORIGA TA’SIRI (O‘ZBEKISTON MISOLIDA)
Ushbu maqolada sun’iy intellekt va avtomatlashtirish texnologiyalarining O‘zbekiston mehnat bozoriga ko‘rsatayotgan ta’siri tahlil qilingan. Raqamli iqtisodiyot sharoitida avtomatlashtirish ishlab chiqarish samaradorligini oshirishi bilan birga, past malakali ishchi kuchiga bo‘lgan ehtiyojni kamaytirayotgani ta’kidlangan. Shuningdek, yangi kasblar va texnologik yo‘nalishlarning paydo bo‘lishi, mehnat bozorida malaka tuzilmasining o‘zgarishi yoritilgan. Maqolada ta’lim tizimini raqamli iqtisodiyot talablariga moslashtirish zarurligi asoslab berilgan.
213-217
43
15
KOMPYUTER MODELLASHTIRISH VOSITASI “KOMPYUTER ILMI ASOSLARINI” FANINI O‘QITISH KO‘NIKMALARINI SHAKILLANTIRISH
“Kompyuter ilmi asoslarini” o‘qitishda kompyuter modellashtirish vositalaridan foydalanishning ahamiyati va metodik asoslari yoritilgan. Tadqiqotda kompyuter modellashtirishning iqtisodiy jarayonlarni tahlil qilish, rejalashtirish va prognozlashdagi imkoniyatlari ko‘rsatilib, bu jarayon o‘quvchilarda analitik fikrlash, amaliy hisoblash, axborotlarni qayta ishlash va qaror qabul qilish ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirishga xizmat qilishi asoslab berilgan. Shuningdek, “Kompyuter ilmi asoslari” fanini o‘qitishda modellashtirish texnologiyalarini qo‘llash orqali o‘quvchilarning iqtisodiy jarayonlarni virtual muhitda sinovdan o‘tkazish, iqtisodiy modellarni yaratish va ularni baholash malakalari rivojlanishi ta’kidlangan.
Kompyuter modellashtirishning o‘qitish jarayonida interfaol metodlar, vizual dasturlash vositalari va simulyatsion modellar bilan uyg‘unlashuvi o‘qitish samaradorligini oshiruvchi omil sifatida ko‘rsatib o‘tilgan.
Kompyuter modellashtirishning o‘qitish jarayonida interfaol metodlar, vizual dasturlash vositalari va simulyatsion modellar bilan uyg‘unlashuvi o‘qitish samaradorligini oshiruvchi omil sifatida ko‘rsatib o‘tilgan.
218-225
54
29
KOMPYUTERLI MATEMATIK TIZIMLAR INTEGRATSIYASI (MATLAB + MAPLE)
Ushbu maqolada MATLAB va Maple dasturlarining integratsiyalashgan holda qo‘llanishi orqali matematik modellashtirish, analitik va raqamli yechimlarni uyg‘unlashtirish, ma’lumot almashinuvi, API orqali integratsiya qilish, hamda yakuniy integratsion loyiha orqali talabalarda tizimli, analitik, tadqiqotga yo‘naltirilgan fikrlashni rivojlantirish yoritib berilgan.
226-229
41
16
YASHIL IQTISODIYOT STRATEGIYASI DOIRASIDA QURILISHNING HOZIRGI HOLATI
The article analyzes the current state of construction within the framework of the green economy strategy. Green construction technologies such as energy efficiency, eco-friendly materials, sustainable design, and water conservation are discussed. Global and local trends, challenges, and prospects are analyzed, highlighting the opportunities for green construction development in Uzbekistan.
230-235
19
13
YASHIL IQTISODIYOT SHAROITIDA QURILISH TARMOG‘INING TRANSFORMATSIYASI
This article analyzes the transformation processes and directions of change in the construction sector within the framework of the green economy concept, as well as the interrelation between environmental and economic factors. Using Uzbekistan as an example, the paper highlights current issues related to ensuring environmental sustainability in construction, implementing energy-efficient technologies, and studying international experience.
236-239
39
13
O‘ZBEKISTONDA YASHIL QURILISH TIZIMINI RIVOJLANTIRISH ISTIQBOLLARI
This article analyzes the negative impact of construction material production processes on the environment. It is shown that the manufacturing of cement, bricks, metal, and other construction products leads to harmful emissions into the atmosphere, depletion of natural resources, and an increase in waste, all of which contribute to environmental problems.
The paper also discusses the main directions for reducing ecological risks — the use of resource-saving technologies, recycled materials, environmentally friendly products, and alternative energy sources. The study emphasizes that the implementation of "green technologies" in the construction sector is a crucial factor in environmental protection.
The paper also discusses the main directions for reducing ecological risks — the use of resource-saving technologies, recycled materials, environmentally friendly products, and alternative energy sources. The study emphasizes that the implementation of "green technologies" in the construction sector is a crucial factor in environmental protection.
240-244
34
12
HUDUDNING BARQARAR RIVOJLANISHIDA “YASIL IQTISODIYOT” NING O’RNI
Ushbu maqolada mamlakatning “Yashil iqtisodiyot”ga o‘tish jarayonini tartibga soluvchi huquqiy va me’yoriy hujjatlar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Yashil iqtisodiyotga o‘tishning maqsad va asosiy bosqichlariga, shuningdek, mamlakat hududlarida barqaror rivojlanish mezonlarini tahlil qilishga alohida e’tibor qaratilgan. Yashil yondashuv doirasida barqaror rivojlanishning asosiy yo‘nalishlari e’tiborga olinib, qurilish faoliyatining atrof - muhitga ta’siri organilib qurilih jarayoning “Yashil iqtisodiyot”ga o’tish bugungi kunning asosiy jarayonlaridan biri ekanligidan kelib chiqib, mintaqaviy rivojlanishda xizmat qiladigan ushbu ilmiy maqola natijalarining ahamiyatini alohida ta’kidlashni lozim deb bilamiz.
245-249
32
15
O’ZBEKISTONDA TURIZM SOHASINI KENGAYTIRISHNINIG IQTISODIYOTGA TASIRI
This article examines the significant impact of the expansion of Uzbekistan's tourism industry on its economy. As the country prioritizes tourism as a key driver of economic growth, the article examines how the sector contributes to employment, foreign exchange earnings, infrastructure development, and overall national gross domestic product.
250-254
51
11
“QURILISH SOHASINING BARQAROR RIVOJLANISH STRATEGIYASI: “YASHIL IQTISODIYOT” TASHABBUSLARI ORQALI ATROF-MUHITGA TA'SIRNI KAMAYTIRISH”
Qurilish sohasining o‘sishi, O‘zbekiston iqtisodiyotining rivojlanishida muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Biroq, uning tez sur'atlar bilan o‘sishi atrof-muhitga salbiy ta’sir ko‘rsatmoqda. Ushbu tadqiqot qurilish sohasining barqaror rivojlanish strategiyalarini o‘rganishga qaratilgan bo‘lib, ayniqsa "yashil iqtisodiyot" tashabbuslari orqali qurilish faoliyatining ekologik ta’sirini kamaytirish imkoniyatlariga diqqat qaratadi. Tadqiqot, xalqaro tajribalarni va mahalliy imkoniyatlarni tahlil qilib, qurilish sohasida atrof-muhitga zarar yetkazmaslik uchun samarali yechimlarni aniqlashni maqsad qilgan. Innovatsion texnologiyalar, tartibga solish tizimlari va eng yaxshi amaliyotlarni tadbiq etish orqali, O‘zbekiston qurilish sohasini ekologik jihatdan mas'uliyatli va barqaror qilish yo‘llarini izlaydi. Bu sa’y-harakatlar O‘zbekistonni iqtisodiy o‘sish va ekologik muhofazani birlashtirgan holda global barqarorlik maqsadlariga erishishga yordam beradi.
255-261
41
18
УСТОЙЧИВОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ И ЗЕЛЕНАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА: ВНЕДРЕНИЕ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ СТАНДАРТОВ В УПРАВЛЕНИЕ БИЗНЕСОМ
The article explores the integration of environmental management standards into business strategies as a key driver of sustainable development and the green economy. It begins with a discussion of the conceptual framework of sustainable development, emphasizing the balance between economic growth, environmental protection, and social inclusion. The knowledge gap identified lies in the insufficient understanding of how international ecological standards—such as ISO 14001, EMAS, GRI, and IFRS S1/S2—contribute to systemic corporate transformation and long-term competitiveness. The study applies an analytical method based on a review of international reports, sustainability frameworks, and empirical studies from 2023–2025, focusing on the implementation of environmental standards in corporate governance. Findings reveal that ISO 14001 and EMAS improve operational efficiency, reduce resource use, and enhance transparency, while GRI and IFRS S1/S2 ensure standardized sustainability disclosure and strengthen stakeholder trust. The introduction of IFRS S2 guidance in 2025 and national ESG frameworks in Russia and Uzbekistan demonstrates the global shift toward harmonized reporting and green investment strategies. Results confirm that adherence to environmental standards positively affects financial stability, investor confidence, and access to green capital. The article concludes that environmental management systems are not only compliance tools but also strategic levers for innovation and competitiveness. The implication is that governments and corporations must jointly develop policies that integrate ESG metrics, encourage sustainable finance, and accelerate the transition toward low-carbon, resource-efficient economies.
262-272
27
9
YASHIL IQTISODIYOTNI RIVOJLANTIRISH VA SANOAT CHIQINDILARIDAN SAMARALI FOYDALANGAN XOLDA BAZALT SHLAKI ASOSIDAGI KAM SUV TALABCHAN SEMENTLARNING RASIONAL TARKIBINI TADQIQ QILISH
This article examines ways to effectively utilize industrial waste, specifically basalt slag generated in metallurgical production, based on green economy principles. The objective of the study is to determine the optimal composition of low-water cements based on basalt slag, analyze their physical and mechanical properties, and assess their environmental performance.
273-275
30
16
O’ZBEKISTONDA YASHIL IQTISODIYOT O’RNI VA UNI RIVOJLANTIRISH SHU BILAN BIRGA YASHIL ENERGETIKA
Ushbu maqolada yashil iqtisodiyotni O’zbekistondagi o’rni va uni rivojlarntirish O’zbekistonda yashil energetika va yashil ekalogiyani rivojlantirish uchun qanday bosqichlar zarur ekanligi va nimalar qilish zarurligi haqida malumotlar yozilgan.
276-279
30
18
YASHIL IQTISODIYOTGA O’TISHDA BARQAROR IQTISODIYOT O’SISHINI TA’MINLASH YO’NALISHLARI
Ushbu maqolada global yashil iqtisodiyot tushunchasi, yashil iqtisodiyotning paydo bo’lishiga sabab bo’ladigan omillar, xorijiy olimlarning “Yashil iqtisodiyot” tushunchasiga yondashuvlari, “Yashil iqtisodiyot” tushunchasiga o’zbek olimlarining yondashuvlari, yashil iqtisodiyotning asosiy tamoyillari va rivojlanish bosqichlari tahlil qilinadi.
Yashil iqtisodiyotning atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish, iqtisodiy barqarorlik va resurslardan samarali foydalanish jihatlari bilan bog’liq jihatlari yoritib o’tilgan.
Yashil iqtisodiyotning atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish, iqtisodiy barqarorlik va resurslardan samarali foydalanish jihatlari bilan bog’liq jihatlari yoritib o’tilgan.
280-282
31
15
YASHIL IQTISODIYOTGA O’TISHDA BARQAROR IQTISODIYOT
Ushbu maqolada global yashil iqtisodiyot tushunchasi, yashil iqtisodiyotning paydo bo’lishiga sabab bo’ladigan omillar, xorijiy olimlarning “Yashil iqtisodiyot” tushunchasiga yondashuvlari, “Yashil iqtisodiyot” tushunchasiga o’zbek olimlarining yondashuvlari, yashil iqtisodiyotning asosiy tamoyillari va rivojlanish bosqichlari tahlil qilinadi.
Yashil iqtisodiyotning atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish, iqtisodiy barqarorlik va resurslardan samarali foydalanish jihatlari bilan bog’liq jihatlari yoritib o’tilgan.
Yashil iqtisodiyotning atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish, iqtisodiy barqarorlik va resurslardan samarali foydalanish jihatlari bilan bog’liq jihatlari yoritib o’tilgan.
283-288
32
14
“YASHIL IQTISODIYOT”NI RIVOJLANTIRISHDA DARYO SUVLARIDAN MAQSADLI FOYDALANISHNI IZCHIL AMALGA OSHIRISH
This article presents the results of field research for the analysis of the deformation processes taking place in the lower branch of the damless water intake in the middle stream of Amudarya. The morphometric parameters of the river flow were determined in the conducted research. Also, in order to prevent deformation processes in the area of water intake without dams, discharge processes were studied and hydrodynamics of the river were analyzed.
289-291
33
16
O‘ZBEKISTON IQTISODIYOTIDA YASHIL IQTISODIYOTGA O‘TISH ISTIQBOLLARI VA MUAMMOLARI
This article analyzes the pressing issues, prospects, and challenges of transitioning to a green economy in Uzbekistan. The theoretical essence of the green economy concept and its role in sustainable development, ecological stability, and economic growth are highlighted. The article also examines practical measures and challenges in implementing energy efficiency, renewable energy sources, water resource management, and ecological innovations in the country. The opportunities and development strategies for transitioning to a green economy are analyzed from a scientific perspective.
292-298
61
14
ПРОБЛЕМЫ СТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ ОТРАСЛИ УЗБЕКИСТАНА В УСЛОВИЯХ ЗЕЛЕНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ
Рассмотрены состояние строительной отрасли Узбекистана, проблемы в условиях зеленой экономики и перспективы развития Зеленого строительства в Узбекистане.
299-302
37
14
“YASHIL IQTISODIYOT” STRATEGIYASI DOIRASIDA INVESTITSIYALAR SAMARADORLIGINI TAHLILDA BUXGALTERIYA HISOBINING O‘RNI
This article analyzes the role and significance of accounting in assessing the efficiency of investments implemented within the framework of the “Green Economy” strategy. It discusses the importance of accurate cost accounting, the evaluation of ecological efficiency, and the assessment of financial outcomes in the implementation of environmentally sustainable investments, particularly in the construction and infrastructure sectors. The study also explores international practices of financing green investments, reflecting environmental costs in accounting systems, and methods of analyzing their economic efficiency. The paper concludes with recommendations for improving accounting practices in the analysis of green investment projects in Uzbekistan.
303-305
31
18
“YASHIL IQTISODIYOT” STRATEGIYASI DOIRASIDA NOMODDIY AKTIVLARNING IQTISODIY SAMARADORLIGI VA BUXGALTERIYA HISOBIDAGI AHAMIYATI
This article examines the economic significance of intangible assets and their accounting treatment within the framework of the “Green Economy” strategy. Intangible assets such as innovative technologies, intellectual property, software, and environmental management systems play a vital role in ensuring sustainable economic growth. The paper also studies international practices of valuing and amortizing intangible assets in the context of green investments and their impact on enterprise value. The research concludes with recommendations for improving the accounting system for environmentally oriented investments and green technologies in Uzbekistan.
306-309
30
23
YASHIL IQTISODIYOT - BARQAROR RIVOJLANISHNING KAFOLATI
The green economy is a development approach aimed at the rational use of natural resources, environmental protection, and harmony with economic growth. It ensures sustainable development, promotes environmental safety, social well-being, and economic efficiency. Therefore, the green economy is a guarantee of sustainable progress for future generations.
310-313
38
18
YASHIL IQTISODIYOTINING GLOBAL MIQYOSDA RIVOJLANISHI
Ushbu maqolada global yashil iqtisodiyot tushunchasi, yashil iqtisodiyotning paydo bo’lishiga sabab bo’ladigan omillar, xorijiy olimlarning “Yashil iqtisodiyot” tushunchasiga yondashuvlari, “Yashil iqtisodiyot” tushunchasiga o’zbek olimlarining yondashuvlari, yashil iqtisodiyotning asosiy tamoyillari va rivojlanish bosqichlari tahlil qilinadi.
Yashil iqtisodiyotning atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish, iqtisodiy barqarorlik va resurslardan samarali foydalanish jihatlari bilan bog’liq jihatlari yoritib o’tilgan.
Yashil iqtisodiyotning atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish, iqtisodiy barqarorlik va resurslardan samarali foydalanish jihatlari bilan bog’liq jihatlari yoritib o’tilgan.
314-317
27
12
YASHIL IQTISODIYOT BO`YICHA O`ZBEKISTONNING XALQARO REYTINGI
Ushbu maqolada global yashil iqtisodiyot tushunchasi, yashil iqtisodiyotning paydo bo’lishiga sabab bo’ladigan omillar, xorijiy olimlarning “Yashil iqtisodiyot” tushunchasiga yondashuvlari, “Yashil iqtisodiyot” tushunchasiga o’zbek olimlarining yondashuvlari, yashil iqtisodiyotning asosiy tamoyillari va rivojlanish bosqichlari tahlil qilinadi. Yashil iqtisodiyotning atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish, iqtisodiy barqarorlik va resurslardan samarali foydalanish jihatlari bilan bog’liq jihatlari yoritib o’tilgan. Maqolada yashil iqtisodiyotning turli xil kategoriyalarining ko’rsatkichlarini aniqlash indekslari, ular haqida ma’lumotlar va ulardan foydalanish usullari ham yaqqol yoritib o’tilgan. Shuningdek, maqolada O’zbekistonda yashil iqtisodiyotga o’tish jarayonlari, amalga oshirilayotgan bir qancha islohotlar va xalqaro tajribalar bilan solishtirishlar keltirib o’tilgan. Iqlim o’zgarishlar va ekologik muammolarga qarshi kurashish, qayta tiklanuvchi energiya manbalaridan foydalanish hamda suv resurslaridan tejamkorona foydalanish bo’yicha mamlakatning strategik yo’nalishlari ko’rib chiqilgan.
318-323
23
9
GREEN CONSTRUCTION AS A TOOL FOR REDUCING NEGATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
The article examines the concept of green construction as a key direction of sustainable development within the framework of the “Green Economy” strategy. The main sources of environmental impact caused by construction activities are analyzed, including air, soil, and water pollution.
324-329
33
10
О МЕТОДИКЕ ПОТОЧНОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА ПРИ РЕКОНСТРУКЦИИ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ
В статье предложена методика решения задачи поточной организации работ при реконструкции на основе матричного алгоритма. Изложен метод сокращения продолжительности выполнения работ поточным методом. Рассчитываются организационные разрывы, критическое сближение и общая продолжительность реконструкции объекта.
321-324
27
13
BOSHLANG‘ICH SINF O‘QUVCHILARIDA KITOBXONLIK MADANIYATINI SHAKLLANTIRISHDA BOLALAR ADABIYOTINING AHAMIYATI
This article examines the role of children’s literature in the formation of reading culture among primary school pupils, as well as the main tasks and methodological foundations of this process. Evaluates the psychological and age-related characteristics of the reader, drawing on the opinions of teachers, parents, and experts. It analyzes the thematic range of children’s literature, the methodological approaches used in selecting books for young readers, and the factors influencing pupils’ interest in reading. In addition, the paper highlights the significance of developing reading culture in primary school children and outlines the essential criteria, strategies, and teaching methods that enhance the effectiveness of fostering reading habits.
325-327
45
10
ADVOKATURADA SUN'IY INTELLEKT OʻRNI
Ushbu maqolada, advokaturada sun’iy intelekt o’rni haqida fikr va mulohazalar yuritiladi. Sun'iy intellekt tezda zamonaviy iqtisodiyotdagi eng o'zgaruvchan kuchlardan biriga aylandi va sanoatni sog'liqni saqlashdan moliyalashtirishga o'zgartirdi. Yuridik kasb-uzoq vaqtdan beri o'zining qat'iy analitik usullari va inson hukmiga tayanishi bilan tanilgan.
Endi o'zining sun'iy intellektga asoslangan o'zgarishini boshdan kechirmoqda. AI allaqachon yuridik firmalar, yuridik bo'limlar va sudlarga kiritilgan bo'lib, advokatlarning tadqiqot olib borishi, hujjatlarni tayyorlashi, mijozlarga maslahat berishi va ishlarni boshqarishiga ta'sir qiladi.
Endi o'zining sun'iy intellektga asoslangan o'zgarishini boshdan kechirmoqda. AI allaqachon yuridik firmalar, yuridik bo'limlar va sudlarga kiritilgan bo'lib, advokatlarning tadqiqot olib borishi, hujjatlarni tayyorlashi, mijozlarga maslahat berishi va ishlarni boshqarishiga ta'sir qiladi.
328-330
29
12
DUO VA TILAK BIRLIKLARI: O‘ZBEK BADIY MATNLARI ASOSIDA LINGVISTIK TAHLIL
This article analyzes the linguistic features of prayers and well-wishing units found in Uzbek literary texts, their semantic-pragmatic nature, their connection with the religious and moral worldview of the people, as well as their poetic functions.
331-335
22
12
ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE USING GIS (GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS)
This article analyzes the environmental impact of industrial waste and the scientific basis for assessing it using GIS (Geographic Information Systems). Industrial waste contaminates air, water, and soil resources, reduces biodiversity, and negatively affects human health. Traditional monitoring methods often fail to adequately capture regional and environmental changes. Therefore, GIS technologies are used as an effective tool to determine the distribution, concentration, and ecological risk zones of industrial waste. The research results provide opportunities for developing practical recommendations for waste management and ensuring environmental sustainability.
336-341
29
10
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS IMPACT ON HUMAN ACTIVITY
This article analyzes the concept of emotional intelligence, its components, and its impact on human activity from a scientific perspective. The study examines how emotional intelligence contributes to personal and professional development, stress management, teamwork, and social interactions. Additionally, the article discusses methods for developing emotional intelligence, including psychological training, reflection exercises, and educational programs, which enhance an individual’s emotional stability and social skills. The research findings indicate that emotional intelligence directly affects mental health, professional effectiveness, and personal success.
342-343
40
18
STEAM YONDASHUV ASOSIDA ALGEBRA VA GEOMETRIYA FANLARINI INTEGRATSIYALASHGAN HOLDA O‘QITISH METODIKASI
Ushbu tezisda STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, Mathematics) yondashuviga asoslangan holda algebra va geometriya fanlarini integratsiyalashgan shaklda o‘qitishning metodik asoslari tahlil qilingan. Integrativ o‘qitish orqali o‘quvchilarda matematik tafakkurni rivojlantirish, nazariy bilimlarni amaliy jarayon bilan bog‘lash va muammoli vaziyatlarni hal etish kompetensiyalarini shakllantirish yo‘llari yoritilgan. STEAM yondashuvi o‘qituvchidan fanlararo bog‘liqlikni ta’minlash, o‘quvchilarda ijodiy fikrlash va loyihaviy faoliyatni rivojlantirishni talab etadi.
344-346
35
15
SOVET DAVRIDA O‘ZBEKISTONDA DINIY E’TIQODLARNI MAFKURAVIY CHEKLASH SIYOSATI VA UNING OQIBATLARI
This article analyzes the Soviet Union’s religious policy toward the Muslims of Central Asia based on historical sources. It examines the initial pragmatic approach after 1917, the intensive atheistic campaigns of the 1920s–1930s, the partial relaxation following World War II, and the religious revival observed in the 1980s. The study investigates the closure of mosques and madrasas, persecution of religious scholars, the dismantling of Islamic education, and the activities of Soviet religious administrations. The article evaluates the impact of these policies on the region’s cultural heritage and the spiritual life of its Muslim communities.
347-349
25
7
HEREDITARY ANGIOEDEMA: BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder in which episodes of subcutaneous and submucosal swelling are driven not by histamine release but by dysregulation of the complement and kallikrein–kinin systems. This paper briefly summarizes the biochemical basis of HAE, including deficiency or dysfunction of C1 inhibitor, uncontrolled complement activation and excessive bradykinin generation as the key mediator increasing vascular permeability. The main pharmacological approaches are outlined, such as C1 inhibitor replacement, bradykinin B2 receptor blockade, kallikrein inhibition and modern long-term prophylactic strategies. The material is linked to fundamental biochemical concepts presented in the textbook by Severin and Nikolaev.
350-352
34
10
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПОТОКОВОЙ МОДЕЛИ МАРШРУТИЗАЦИИ В ПРОГРАММНО-КОНФИГУРИРУЕМЫХ СЕТЯХ
В статье рассматриваются особенности потоковой модели маршрутизации в программно-конфигурируемых сетях (SDN). Анализируются структурные элементы SDN-архитектуры, роль контроллера, специфика обработки потоков и алгоритмы маршрутизации, применяемые в современных сетевых инфраструктурах. Обсуждаются преимущества централизованного управления, обеспечиваемые SDN, а также практические проблемы, связанные с масштабируемостью, задержками, безопасностью и обработкой высокоинтенсивных потоков данных. Особое внимание уделено сравнению потоковой модели с традиционными распределёнными механизмами маршрутизации и оценке эффективности маршрутов в реальных сетевых сценариях.
353-356
37
14
O’ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASIDA HUQUQIY DAVLAT QURILISHI JARAYONINING NAZARIY ASOSLARI.
This article examines the theoretical foundations of building a rule-of-law state in the Republic of Uzbekistan, including the stages of its development, the role of the Constitution, the principle of separation of powers, legal reforms, and the growth of civil society institutions. The paper also analyzes Uzbekistan’s unique model of a legal state and the significance of ongoing democratic reforms.
357-360
34
15
HUQUQNI MUHOFAZA QILISH ORGANLARI HARBIY XIZMATCHI VA XODIMLARINING JISMONIY VA JANGOVAR TAYYORGARLIK SIFATLARINI YANGI TALABLAR ASOSIDA SHAKLLANTIRISH
This scientific article analyzes how the physical and combat training of military personnel and employees of law enforcement agencies is formed in the conditions of modern security threats, best practices and new approaches to their development. The study scientifically describes the main components of training - strength, endurance, agility, combat technical skills, mechanisms for increasing psychophysiological stability in extreme situations. Also, the scientific works of Uzbek scientists are analyzed, methodological foundations and practical proposals are developed.
361-364
40
11
GENDER TENGLIGI VA UNING HUQUQIY VA IJTIMOIY ASOSLARI
This article analyzes the concept of gender equality, its significance for social development, and the reforms aimed at strengthening gender policy in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The study also highlights the opportunities created to ensure gender equality within social and political relations.
365-367
28
13
KONSTITUTSIYAVIY HUQUQ VA ICHKI HUQUQNING OʻZARO NISBATI: DUALISTIK VA MONISTIK NAZARIYA.
This article examines the position of constitutional law within both domestic and international legal systems, highlighting the theoretical foundations of monistic and dualistic doctrines. It also discusses their influence on state sovereignty, constitutional supremacy, and the processes of implementing international norms into national legislation. The topic is increasingly relevant in the context of global integration, the growing number of international treaties, and ongoing constitutional reforms worldwide.
368-371
64
31
O’ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI PROKURATURA ORGANLARINING TASHKIL TOPISH TARIXI VA HOZIRGI PAYTDAGI O’RNI
Ushbu maqola O’zbekiston Respublikasida Prokuratura organining tarixiy shakllanish bosqichlari, ularning davlat hokimiyati tizimidagi o’rni va hozirgi davrdagi faoliyat yo’nalishlari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, mustaqillikdan keyin prokuratura tizimida amalga oshirilgan islohotlar ham tahlil qilingan.
372-378
30
12
ВОПРОСЫ ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ РАДИКАЛИЗМА В МОЛОДЕЖНОЙ СРЕДЕ
В данной статье освещаются понятие радикализма, законодательные основы, факторы, порождающие радикализм, его виды, современные формы и негативные последствия в социальных сетях.
379-382
32
9
THE ROLE OF AUTHENTIC MATERIALS IN IMPROVING LISTENING COMPREHENSION IN ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (EFL) CLASSROOMS
This article explores how real-world language resources contribute to strengthening listening skills in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) settings. It examines various forms of genuine audio and visual content, explains their instructional benefits, identifies the difficulties teachers and students may face, and offers practical recommendations for integrating such materials into lessons. The findings emphasize that exposing learners to authentic input greatly improves their ability to understand natural spoken English and deepens their cultural competence.
383-387
28
13
DIDACTIC BASIS OF SENSORY DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN BASED ON THE METHODOLOGY OF MARIA MONTESSORI
This article analyzes the basic principles of Maria Montessori pedagogy, especially the didactic tools and methods used in the process of sensory education on a scientific basis. The role of the Montessori environment in the development of children's sensory organs, the system of materials, the role of the educator, the importance of independent activity and the psychological and pedagogical criteria of sensory development are highlighted. The study scientifically substantiates how the development of children's sensory analyzers from an early age affects subsequent mental and social growth.
388-391
23
9
THE OLD KHOVOS ARCHAEOLOGICAL MONUMENT: THE MULTILAYERED HISTORY OF A HELLENISTIC ERA SITE IN CENTRAL ASIA
This article discusses the formation, cultural layers, architectural remains, finds of the archaeological site of Old Khavas, located in the Syrdarya region, and their role in the historical and cultural processes of Central Asia. Life at the site began in the 4th–3rd centuries BC and continued uninterruptedly until the middle of the 20th century. The Anahita statuette, a lamp dating back to the 12th century, and the Hellenistic walls discovered as a result of excavations in 2014 reveal the rich cultural layer of the area. The results of the research confirm the importance of Old Khavas as a model monument for the Ustrushona region.
392-394
27
11
ZAMON RUHI VA SUN’IY INTELLEKT: YOSHLARGA ILM ESHIKLARINI OCHAYOTGAN KUCH
This article examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the modern learning process and its impact on youth education. The study analyzes how AI technologies support personalized learning, enhance independent study skills, simplify complex subjects, and improve the effectiveness of the educational process. Potential risks such as dependency, misinformation, and data security concerns are also discussed. The findings show that AI has become an essential tool contributing to the intellectual development and academic success of young learners.
395-401
25
10
INTELLEKTUAL MULK HIMOYASINING XALQARO HUQUQDAGI OʻRNI
Ushbu maqolada intellektual mulk sohasining xalqaro huquqiy tahlili, mavjud muammolar va ularni manzilli hal etish usullari, himoya usullari ham bevosita keltirib oʻtilgan. Shuningdek, bu mavzuning dolzarbligi, uni oʻrganish nima uchun muhimliligi ham maqolada oʻz aksini topgan.
68-78
34
13
RAQAMLI INNOVATSIYALAR ASOSIDA MILLIY IQTISODIYOTNING RAQOBATBARDOSHLIGINI OSHIRISH: RIVOJLANGAN DAVLATLAR TAJRIBASI
This article analyzes the role of digital innovations in enhancing the competitiveness of national economies, based on the experience of developed countries. The study highlights the importance of digital technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), big data analytics, cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT), and digital platforms, in improving productivity, economic efficiency, and innovation-driven growth. The experiences of the United States, South Korea, and the European Union demonstrate successful strategies for digital transformation, including investments in AI and high-performance computing, e-government services, and the EU’s “Digital Europe” program. The article emphasizes the significance of integrating digital innovations into national economic strategies to ensure sustainable growth, global competitiveness, and adaptability to the evolving digital economy.
79-82
31
17
ABU АLI IBN SINОNING INSОNGА ОID FАLSАFIY QАRАSHLАRINING NАZАRIY АSОSLАRI
This chapter provides a holistic account of the life of Ibn Sina, the environment of the time in which he lived, his spiritual heritage, his works that have been preserved to us. The specific social and cultural characteristics of the environment of the regions in which the Thinker lived and his scientific heritage are detailed. The article covers Ibn Sina's emphasis on human values, spiritual perfection, reason and enlightenment; the philosophical views he gives. Like shuninhg, his humanistic ideas are considered his contribution to Eastern philosophy and modern thought.
83-85
56
16
TOʻPNI PASTDAN QABUL QILISH TEXNIKASINI URGATISH METODIKASI
Pastdan to'pni qabul qilishning oʻziga xos afzalligi oʻyinchining harakatlarni dastlabki holatda turgan tarzda amalga oshirishi va buning natijasida keyingi oʻyin vaziyatlari jarayonilariga tayyor turishi bilan izohlanadi [18]. Dastlabki holatda o'yinchining oyoqlari tizza va to'piq boʻg'imlaridan bir oz bukilgan, gavdasi esa nisbatan old tomonga egilgan boʻladi.
Qo'llar tirsak hamda kaft qismi boshlanadigan boʻg'imlardan toʻgʻirlan.
Qo'llar tirsak hamda kaft qismi boshlanadigan boʻg'imlardan toʻgʻirlan.
86-87
24
12
VALEYBOL OYINIDA TOʻGʻRI HUJUM ZARBASI TEXNIKASINI URGATISH USULLARI
Ushbu tezisda toʻg'ri hujum zarbasi yugurib kelish yoki joyda turgan holda amalga oshiriladi. Yugurib kelib hujum zarbasini berish holatida to'pning yo'nalish trayektoriyasi yugurish yo'nalishi boʻylab davom etadi. Joyida turgan holatda zarba berishda oʻyinchi qoʻllari hamda tanasini turli tomonlarga og dirgan holda toʻpni maydonning nisbatan himoyasiz chap yoki o'ng tomoniga yo'naltirishi mumkin boʻladi. Yugurib kelib toʻg'ri hujum zarbasini berish texnikasi oʻz aksini topgan.
88-89
27
10
BOLALARNING SPORT MASHG'ULOTLARI - BU TA'LIM-TARBIYA ISHLARI JARAYONIDA TA'LIM, SOG'LOMLASHTIRISH VA TARBIYAVIY VAZIFALARNI HAL QILISH KOMPLEKSLARINI O'Z ICHIGA OLGAN PEDAGOGIK JARAYON
Ushbu maqolada uziga xos taktik tarkibga ega bo'lgan mashqlar va murakkablik darajasi bosqichma-bosqich oshirib boriladi. Bundan tashqari, futbolni o'rganish uchun pedagogik 31 jarayonning boshqa talablariga rioya qilish muhim deb hisoblanadi. Ularni quyidagicha guruhlash mumkin: 1. Bolalarga o'yinning taktik asoslarini tushuntirish.
O'rganishning dastlabki bosqichida bolalar hali ham tegishli texnikaga yoki o'yinning boshlang'ich tushunchalari haqidagi bilimlarga ega emaslar. Bu ularning individual harakatlarining noto'g'riligini va to'p atrofida to’dalanishini tushuntiradi. Oddiy o'yin sxemasini o'rgansangiz va qo'llasangiz, bunga yo'l qo'ymaslik mumkin.
O'rganishning dastlabki bosqichida bolalar hali ham tegishli texnikaga yoki o'yinning boshlang'ich tushunchalari haqidagi bilimlarga ega emaslar. Bu ularning individual harakatlarining noto'g'riligini va to'p atrofida to’dalanishini tushuntiradi. Oddiy o'yin sxemasini o'rgansangiz va qo'llasangiz, bunga yo'l qo'ymaslik mumkin.
90-93
24
16
SOVET DAVLATIDA DINNING DAVLAT TOMONIDAN NAZORATIGA OLINISHINING SIYOSIY VA HUQUQIY TAHLILI
This article examines the Soviet state's policy of restricting religious life between 1917 and 1991, focusing on its legal foundations and practical mechanisms. Special attention is given to the process of state control over Islamic rituals, religious education, local customs, and religious institutions in Central Asia. The study highlights the impact of Soviet religious policy on the cultural life of society and its long-term consequences.
94-97
37
9
ANALYSIS OF A LITERARY WORK THROUGH THE AUTHOR’S TRACE
The article examines the method of “analysis through the author’s trace” as one of the effective approaches to studying a literary work in school and higher literary pedagogy.
This method makes it possible to trace the writer’s creative intention and reconstruct the cause-and-effect relationships between the author’s biography, the historical and cultural context, and the content of the text. Special attention is given to the stages of analysis: reconstructing the author’s position, identifying artistic dominants, and determining the author’s worldview and aesthetic orientations. The significance of this method in forming reading competence as well as developing the analytical and critical thinking of students is highlighted.
This method makes it possible to trace the writer’s creative intention and reconstruct the cause-and-effect relationships between the author’s biography, the historical and cultural context, and the content of the text. Special attention is given to the stages of analysis: reconstructing the author’s position, identifying artistic dominants, and determining the author’s worldview and aesthetic orientations. The significance of this method in forming reading competence as well as developing the analytical and critical thinking of students is highlighted.
98-101
38
16
USING GAME-BASED METHODS OF TEACHING ENGLISH LESSONS IN THE PRIMARY GRADE
The psychological and didactic characteristics of game activity solve an important task in increasing the child's motivation for the language learning process. Teaching based on game technology has a positive effect on the formation of students' hearing, pronunciation, vocabulary, and the formation of their competences in teamwork and communication. This article discusses the methods of using game technologies in the effective organization of English lessons for primary school students.
102-104
22
10
CHUQUR TOG‘LI KARYERLARNI QAZIB OLISHDA YO‘L YONBAG‘IRLARINING OPTIMAL QIYALIKLARINI ASOSLASH
Ushbu tezisda chuqur tog‘li karyerlarni ishlab chiqishda transport yo‘llarining yonbag‘irlarining (avtoyo’llar, servis yo‘llari ) optimal qiyaliklarini aniqlashga bag‘ishlangan.
Maqsad geologik, geoteхnik va ekspluatatsion omillarni hisobga olgan holda ishonchli va iqtisodiy jihatdan maqbul yonbag‘ir qiyaliklarini asoslash; ishonchlilik, barqarorlik, xavfsizlik va qazib olish samaradorligini ta’minlash.Xavfsiz qiyalikni tanlashda litologiya va sharoitlar uchun tavsiya etiladigan qiyalik oralig‘i, loyihalashtirish metodikasining bosqichlari va xavfsizlik o’rganiladi.
Maqsad geologik, geoteхnik va ekspluatatsion omillarni hisobga olgan holda ishonchli va iqtisodiy jihatdan maqbul yonbag‘ir qiyaliklarini asoslash; ishonchlilik, barqarorlik, xavfsizlik va qazib olish samaradorligini ta’minlash.Xavfsiz qiyalikni tanlashda litologiya va sharoitlar uchun tavsiya etiladigan qiyalik oralig‘i, loyihalashtirish metodikasining bosqichlari va xavfsizlik o’rganiladi.
105-107
19
12
OLIY TA’LIMDA TALABALAR O’RTASIDA KONFLEKTLAR VA ULARNING INNOVATSION PSIXOLOGIK YECHIMLAR
This article analyzes the psychological aspects of conflicts among students in higher education and their innovative psychological solutions. The main problems in organizational psychology include stress, fatigue, work-life balance problems, conflicts, poor psychological environment, ineffective leadership, and innovative psychological solutions are highlighted. The article discusses the use of technologies for diagnostics and support, such as AI for data analysis and VR for training, the development of employee well-being programs based on the principles of coaching and mindfulness, as well as flexible work models and psychology-oriented management approaches.
108-110
25
11
PROBLEMS OF STUDYING TERM FORMATION AND WORD FORMATION IN WORLD LANGUAGE EDUCATION
Developmental work of the language is also a part of the work with external organs. This word is used because of the combination of terms. In the article, we will learn how to make a word and a term in world language knowledge. In the knowledge of world languages, the generation of words is studied in both historical and analytical aspects. Today, researches are being conducted in the form of scientific articles in Russian language knowledge on the basis of the genealogy of related terms. For example, scientific works on the genealogy of terms in the English language have been published in the form of articles.
111-112
44
13
“ЁНҒИН ХАВФСИЗЛИГИ ОЙЛИГИ”ДА ФАОЛ ҚАТНАШИНГ!
Бу мақолада Фавқулодда вазиятларнинг олдини олиш ва уларни бартараф этиш ҳақида сўз етилган.
402-406
22
20
XIZMAT KО‘RSATISH KORXONALARIDA IQTISODIY SAMARADORLIKNI OSHIRISHNING NAZARIY ASOSLARI
This paper examines in detail the criteria and indicators for assessing the economic performance of service sector enterprises. It examines the service sector as an important component of the economy and analyzes the methodological approaches, financial, and relative indicators used to determine enterprise performance. It also presents key indicators, such as service volume, costs, profit, profitability, labor productivity, resource efficiency, and calculation methods.
330-334
27
17
SHAHAR SHAROITIDA TURAR JOY BINOLARINI QAYTA QURISHNING DOLZABLILGI VA TURLARI
This article presents the reconstruction of public buildings, the relevance and significance of the problem, urban conditions, urban consolidation, increasing density and the associated complexities of reconstruction, and the need to adjust traditional reconstruction methods to meet modern demands.
335-341
26
12
O‘ZBEKISTONDA UY-JOY QURILISHI RIVOJLANISHI ISTIQBOLI VA MUAMMOLAR
Maqolada so‘nggi yillarda respublikada demografik va urbanizatsiya omillari asosida 2030-yilgacha bo’lgan davrda uy-joylarni foydalanishga topshirishning prognoz ko‘rsatkichlar va uy-joy qurilishi tuzilmasini takomillashtirishning nazariy modeli, shuningdek jamlanma (kumulyativ) xarajatlarni minimallashtirish hamda turar joy binolarining maqbul xizmat muddatlarini belgilashga qaratilgan loyiha yechimlari samaradorligini baholash uslubi taklif etilgan.
342-344
33
9
THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND URBANIZATION PROCESSES ON THE REAL ESTATE MARKET
This article analyzes the changes occurring in Uzbekistan’s real estate market as a result of stable economic growth and the rapid pace of urbanization. The study examines the effects of economic growth, infrastructure development, internal migration, and demographic shifts on residential and commercial real estate. In addition, innovative solutions, state policy, and international experience in managing urbanization are discussed.
345-350
33
15
BAHOLASH MAQSADIDA TURAR-JOY KO'CHMAS MULK BOZORINI TAHLIL QILISH
The article focuses on the theoretical foundations of the analysis of the residential real estate market. The theoretical aspects contained in the article reveal the basics of the assessment and analysis of residential real estate. The studied and complex material is the basis for the analysis of the real estate market. The paper explores the concept of "Real estate market", summarizes and solves goals and objectives. The distribution of supply in the primary market by housing classes in Novosibirsk is also presented.
351-353
26
14
KO‘CHMAS MULK BOZORINING MAMLAKAT IQTISODIYOTIDAGI O‘RNI VA AHAMIYATI
This article examines the real estate market as an integral part of a country's economic system. It analyzes the impact of residential, commercial, and industrial property turnover on economic processes, public welfare, and investment activity. The research results indicate that the real estate market plays a significant role in accelerating capital circulation, contributing to infrastructure development, and ensuring financial stability within the national economy.
354-357
29
11
KO‘CHMAS MULKNI BAHOLASH SOHASIDA XALQARO TAJRIBANI TADBIQ ETISH MUAMMOLARI
This article examines the study and implementation of international experience in the development of real estate valuation systems, as well as the challenges and prospects of its application in Uzbekistan. Special attention is given to international valuation standards (IVS, EVS), their core principles, and the issues of harmonizing them with national legislation and local practices.
358-362
32
14
TURAR-JOY BINOLARINI QAYTA QURISH VA O'ZGARTIRISHNING ZAMONAVIY YO'NALISHLARI
Reconstruction of residential buildings, urban conditions, enlargement of cities, growth of density, complication of reconstruction organization. It is proposed to adjust traditional reconstruction methods taking into account urban features
363-368
28
12
ОЦЕНКА НЕДВИЖИМОСТИ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ УЗБЕКИСТАН И ПУТИ ЕЕ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ
Переход к рыночной экономике, где основными элементами рынка являются Спрос, Предложение и Рыночная цена, вызвал необходимость определения соответствующих цен на имущество, движимое и недвижимое, и обеспечения законодательно-нормативной базы, соответствующей изменяющимся рыночным условиям. В данной работе последовательно изложена необходимость и порядок Оценки недвижимости и обоснована необходимость и сущность ее совершенствования на основании нормативно-законодательных актов, учитывающих сложившуюся практику и современные рыночные условия.
369-371
33
15
ZAMONAVIY BOZOR IQTISODIYOTI SHAROITIDA BAHOLASH XIZMATLARINING SIFATINI OSHIRISH MASALALARI
Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy bozor iqtisodiyoti sharoitida baholash xizmatlari sifatini oshirishning asosiy yo‘nalishlari, omillari va mexanizmlari tahlil qilinadi.
Baholash xizmatlarining iqtisodiy tizimdagi roli, sifat ko‘rsatkichlarini belgilovchi mezonlar hamda xalqaro standartlarga muvofiq takomillashtirish yo‘llari ilmiy asosda yoritilgan.
Tadqiqot natijalari baholash jarayonlarida samaradorlikni oshirish, mijozlar ehtiyojlarini qondirish va raqobatbardosh xizmat ko‘rsatish tizimini yaratishga qaratilgan.
Baholash xizmatlarining iqtisodiy tizimdagi roli, sifat ko‘rsatkichlarini belgilovchi mezonlar hamda xalqaro standartlarga muvofiq takomillashtirish yo‘llari ilmiy asosda yoritilgan.
Tadqiqot natijalari baholash jarayonlarida samaradorlikni oshirish, mijozlar ehtiyojlarini qondirish va raqobatbardosh xizmat ko‘rsatish tizimini yaratishga qaratilgan.
372-376
27
14
AHOLI HAYOTINING SIFATINI YAXSHILASH OMILI SIFATIDA QISHLOQ JOYLARIDA ZAMONAVIY UY-JOY QURILISHINING DASTLABKI BOSQICHI
Maqolada aholi hayotining sifatini yaxshilash omili sifatida qishloq joylarida zamonaviy uy-joy qurilishining dastlabki bosqichi yoritilgan. Qishloq joylarida tasdiqlangan me’yoriy hujjatlarga muvofiq, uy-joy massivlarini qurish ishlari namunaviy loyihalar asosida, muhandislik-kommunikatsiya, ijtimoiy va bozor infratuzilmasi ob’ektlari bilan birgalikda barpo etilganligiga to’xtalgan.
377-379
25
9
OʻZBEKISTONDA KO‘CHMAS MULK BOZORINING INFRATUZILMASINI RIVOJLANTIRISH MASALALARI
Maqolada ko‘chmas mulk bozori infratuzilmasi tushunchasi, uning asosiy tarkibiy qismlari va iqtisodiyotdagi samaradorlikka ta’siri tahlil qilingan. Infratuzilma elementlari sifatida kadastr tizimi, moliya institutlari, sug‘urta tashkilotlari, ko‘chmas mulk agentliklari va axborot platformalarining iqtisodiy mexanizmlardagi o‘rni o‘rganilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, rivojlangan infratuzilma ko‘chmas mulk bozorida investitsion muhitni yaxshilaydi, bitimlar shaffofligini oshiradi hamda iqtisodiy o‘sishni tezlashtiradi.
380-384
24
11
MEMORIAL MUZEY MAJMUALARI EKSPONATLARINI YORITISHDA INNOVATSION TEXNOLOGIYALARDAN FOYDALANISH
Ush bu maqolada memorial muzey majmualarning eksponatlarini to’g’ri yoritish usullari haqida to’xtalib o’tamiz. Eksponatlarini yoritishda innovatsion texnologiyalardan foydalanish haqida ko’rib chiqiladi. Zamonaviy yoritish vositalari, Led lampalar, shuningdek teatr va konsertlarda ishlatiladigan projektor lampalarni memorial muzey majmualaruning ekspozitsion faoliyatini tashkil etishdagi o’rni haqida to’xtalib o’tamiz.
385-396
23
15
RESPUBLIKAMIZDA KO’CHMAS MULK BOZORINI RIVOJLANTIRISHDAGI MUAMMOLARI VA ULARNING INNOVASION YECHIMLARI
Mazkur maqolada Oʻzbekiston ko‘chmas mulk bozorining hozirgi holati, muammolari va rivojlanish istiqbollari tahlil qilingan. Bozorni shakllantiruvchi asosiy omillar – aholining o‘sish sur’ati, shaharsozlik siyosati, investitsion muhit va raqamli boshqaruv tizimining joriy etilishi – batafsil o‘rganilgan. Tadqiqotda 2020–2025-yillar oralig‘idagi milliy statistika ma’lumotlari, hukumat qarorlari va xalqaro tajribalar tahlil asosida ko‘rib chiqilgan. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, O‘zbekistonda ko‘chmas mulk bozori faol diversifikatsiya bosqichiga kirgan, biroq normativ-huquqiy bazaning yetarli emasligi, kadastr ma’lumotlarining raqamlashtirilmaganligi va ijtimoiy uy-joy siyosatining zaifligi kabi muammolar mavjud. Taklif etilgan yechimlar orasida yagona raqamli platforma joriy etish, shaffof investitsiya mexanizmlarini yaratish va uy-joy siyosatini modernizatsiya qilish zarurligi ta’kidlanadi.
397-400
38
20
INVESTISION LOYIHALAR SAMARADORLIGINI BAHOLASH USULLARINI ANIQLASH
This scientific article presents the results of research on the evaluation of the effectiveness of investment projects using simple valuation and discounting-based valuation methods.
401-404
33
17
OʻZBEKISTONDA KOʻCHMAS MULK BOZORINI RIVOJLANISH MUAMMOLARI VA ULARNING INNAVASION YECHIMLARI
The process of formation and development trends of the real estate market of Uzbekistan are also discussed, and these problems are analyzed in depth. The real estate market is an important component of the country's economy, which includes the sale, rental, investment and management of residential, commercial and industrial properties.
The economic significance of this market in the conditions of Uzbekistan, the role of state policy, the existing legislative framework and foreign experience are studied.
Also, the main problems encountered in the development of the real estate market are separately analyzed - limited financing, insufficient digital infrastructure, uncertainties in legislation and investment problems. As effective solutions to these problems, the introduction of digital platforms, the creation of an electronic monitoring system, simplification of mortgage lending mechanisms and expansion of tax incentives for foreign investors are proposed.
The economic significance of this market in the conditions of Uzbekistan, the role of state policy, the existing legislative framework and foreign experience are studied.
Also, the main problems encountered in the development of the real estate market are separately analyzed - limited financing, insufficient digital infrastructure, uncertainties in legislation and investment problems. As effective solutions to these problems, the introduction of digital platforms, the creation of an electronic monitoring system, simplification of mortgage lending mechanisms and expansion of tax incentives for foreign investors are proposed.
405-410
32
18
OʻZBEKISTONDA KOʻCHMAS MULK BOZORINI RIVOJLANTIRISH MUAMMOLARI VA INNOVASION YECHIMLAR
Koʻchmas mulk bozori iqtisodiyot tizimining muhim qismlaridan biri boʻlib, aholi turmush sharoitini yaxshilash, hududlarni rivojlantirish va investitsiya jalb etishda asosiy oʻrin tutadi. Oʻzbekistonda soʻnggi yillarda amalga oshirilayotgan iqtisodiy va ijtimoiy islohotlar koʻchmas mulk bozorida faollikni oshishiga xizmat qiladi. Aholining urbanizatsiyalashuvi, yangi turar-joy massivlarning qurilishi, zamonaviy infratuzilmaning rivojlanishi bu sohaning dolzarbligini yanada kuchaytiradi. Ushbu maqolada aynan shu muammolar tahlil qilinadi hamda zamonaviy innovatsion yechimlar taklif qilinadi.
411-414
33
9
ПОЛИТИКА ГОСУДАРСТВА ПО СНИЖЕНИЮ МОЛОДЁЖНОЙ БЕЗРАБОТИЦЫ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ КАЗАХСТАН: ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ И НОВЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ
Youth unemployment remains one of the pressing socio-economic issues in contemporary Kazakhstan. Despite a steady decline in overall unemployment, structural and regional disparities persist, alongside a mismatch between professional training and labor market requirements. This study analyzes youth employment trends, evaluates state policies, and identifies innovative mechanisms to enhance labor market integration. Key strategies include digitalization of employment services, development of flexible work arrangements, promotion of youth entrepreneurship, and regional employment initiatives. The findings suggest that a comprehensive approach, combining education reform, technological tools, and targeted policy measures, contributes to reducing youth unemployment and strengthening the country’s socio-economic sustainability.
415-417
41
15
IQTISODIY XAVFSIZLIK TUSHUNCHASI VA UNI TA’MINLASH MEXANIZMLARI
Maqolada iqtisodiy xavfsizlik tushunchasi, uning asosiy komponentlari va tahdidlari tahlil qilinadi. O‘zbekiston misolida iqtisodiy xavfsizlikni ta’minlashning davlat, hududiy va korporativ mexanizmlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, global va mahalliy iqtisodiy muammolar, raqamli transformatsiya va innovatsiyalar kontekstida xavfsizlikni mustahkamlash strategiyalari taqdim etiladi.
424-428
26
10
XIZMATLAR SOHASIDA XIZMAT SIFАTINI RIVOJLANTIRISHNING ОMILLАRI
Maqolada xizmatlar sohasida xizmat sifаtini rivojlantirishning оmillаri yoritilgan. Xorijiy davlatlar tajribasiga to’xtalgan. Хizmаt ko‘rsаtish tаshkilоtining хоdimi va ularning mijozlar o’rtasidagi munosabatlarga urg’u berilgan.
429-431
30
11
INNOVATSION IQTISODIYOT — ZAMONAVIY RIVOJLANISHNING ASOSI
The article analyzes the role of the innovative economy in modern development.
The essence of the innovative economy, its main features, impact on economic growth, and significance in national development strategies are examined. The article also highlights the role of technological, social, and ecological innovations in the economy.
The essence of the innovative economy, its main features, impact on economic growth, and significance in national development strategies are examined. The article also highlights the role of technological, social, and ecological innovations in the economy.
432-435
33
12
O‘ZBEKISTON BANK TIZIMINI MODERNIZATSIYA QILISH VA DEPOZIT FAOLIYATINING RIVOJLANISH ISTIQBOLLARI
Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston depozit bozori rivojlanishining hozirgi holati, muammolari va istiqbollari tahlil qilinadi. Mamlakatda so‘nggi yillarda bank tizimini isloh qilish, aholining jamg‘arma madaniyatini shakllantirish hamda bank tizimiga ishonchni oshirish borasida amalga oshirilayotgan chora-tadbirlar yoritilgan. Shuningdek, davlat siyosatini takomillashtirish orqali depozit bozorini yanada rivojlantirishning asosiy yo‘nalishlari — moliyaviy barqarorlikni mustahkamlash, foiz siyosatini liberallashtirish, depozit sug‘urtasi tizimini kengaytirish va raqamli bank xizmatlarini rivojlantirish masalalari tahlil etilgan.
Maqolada shuningdek, aholining moliyaviy savodxonligini oshirish, uzoq muddatli depozitlarni rag‘batlantirish hamda innovatsion bank mahsulotlarini joriy etish bo‘yicha takliflar ilgari suriladi.
Maqolada shuningdek, aholining moliyaviy savodxonligini oshirish, uzoq muddatli depozitlarni rag‘batlantirish hamda innovatsion bank mahsulotlarini joriy etish bo‘yicha takliflar ilgari suriladi.
436-438
35
9
ZAMONAVIY MENEJMENTDA IYERARXIK VA GORIZONTAL BOSHQARUV MODELLARINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH
Zamonaviy ishlab chiqarish va boshqaruv tizimlarida ro‘y berayotgan chuqur o‘zgarishlar menejment nazariyasi va amaliyotini yangi bosqichga olib chiqmoqda. Bunda iyerarxik, ya’ni bo‘ysinishga asoslangan boshqaruv modelidan gorizontal, hamkorlik tamoyiliga asoslangan modelga o‘tish jarayoni kuzatilmoqda. Ushbu maqolada mazkur boshqaruv modellarining nazariy asoslari, ularning tashkiliy-iqtisodiy mazmuni, zamonaviy menejmentdagi ahamiyati hamda O‘zbekiston sharoitidagi tatbiq imkoniyatlari keng yoritiladi.
439-443
26
12
О‘ZBEKISTONDA EHTIYOJMAND AHOLINI KAMBAG‘ALLIKDAN CHIQARISH YO‘LLARI
Kambag‘allikni qisqartirishda kо‘plab mamlakatlar ijobiy natijalarga erishgan bо‘lsa-da, hali ham kambag‘allik darajasi jahon hamjamiyati uchun jiddiy muammo bо‘lib qolmoqda. Jahon banki ma’lumotlariga kо‘ra, “mutlaq kambag‘allikda yashovchi dunyo aholisining ulushi 1990-yildagi 36% dan 2022-yilga kelib 9.2% ga taxminan 689 million kishigacha qisqardi” .
444-451
28
15
O‘ZBEKISTON KO‘CHMAS MULK BOZORINING RIVOJLANISH TENDENSIYALARI VA BOSHQARUV JARAYONIDAGI MUAMMOLAR
Mаzkur mаqоlаdа О‘zbеkistоn Rеspublikаsidа kо‘chmаs mulk оbyеktlаrining shаkllаnish tеndеnsiyаlаri vа ulаrni bоshqаrish sоhаsidаgi mаvjud muаmmоlаr ilmiy tаhlil еtilgаn. Tаdqiqоt dоirаsidа qurilgаn turаr jоy mаydоni, kо‘chmаs mulkni rо‘yхаtdаn о‘tkаzish dinаmikаsi vа sоliq tushumlаri kаbi аsоsiy kо‘rsаtkichlаr tаhlil qilingаn. Shuningdеk, sоhаdаgi mаvjud muаmmоlаrni bаrtаrаf еtish bо‘yichа, rаqаmlаshtirishni tеzlаshtirish, institutsiоnаl islоhоtlаrni jаdаllаshtirish vа bаhоlаsh tizimini bоzоr mехаnizmlаrigа yаqinlаshtirish zаrurligi аsоslаnib, ulаr bо‘yichа аmаliy tаvsiyаlаr ishlаb chiqilgаn.
452-456
28
15
ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В ЦИФРОВУЮ ЭПОХУ
В статье рассмотрены основные тенденции цифровой экономики в Узбекистане. Описываются цифровые стратегии по использованию новых технологий в вузах. Рассмотрена цифровая трансформация университета как стратегический процесс комплексных организационно-технических преобразований.
457-463
24
25
SUG’URTA BOZORINI NAZORAT QILISH VA TARTIBGA SOLISH MINTAQALARDA SUG’URTANI RIVOJLANTIRISHNING MUHIM SHARTI
Bugungi kunda Oʻzbekistonda olib borilayotgan iqtisodiy isloxotlar natijasida mamlakat iqtisodiyoti qatori mintaqalar iqtisodiyoti ham oʻsib bormoqda. Bu jarayonda sugʻurta sohasi mintaqlarning rivojlanishisha taʼsir qiluvchi muhim sohalardan hisoblanadi. Ushbu maqolada sugʻurtaning ahamiyati, uning mintaqalar iqtisodiyotida tutgan oʻrni, mintaqaviy sugʻurta bozorini tartibga solish mexanizmlari koʻrib chiqiladi.
464-466
28
12
TURISTIK DESTINATSIYALARNING BARQAROR RIVOJLANISHIDA RAQAMLI INNOVATSIYALAR AHAMIYATI
Maqolada turistik destinatsiyalarning barqaror rivojlanishida raqamli innovatsiyalar va mahalliy hamjamiyatning faol ishtiroki muhim omil sifatida tahlil qilinadi.
Raqamli texnologiyalar turizmni boshqarishda samaradorlikni oshirsa, mahalliy aholining ishtiroki esa ijtimoiy barqarorlik va madaniy merosni asrashga xizmat qiladi. Tadqiqotda O‘zbekiston tajribasi asosida turizmning barqaror modelini yaratish bo‘yicha tavsiyalar keltirilgan.
Raqamli texnologiyalar turizmni boshqarishda samaradorlikni oshirsa, mahalliy aholining ishtiroki esa ijtimoiy barqarorlik va madaniy merosni asrashga xizmat qiladi. Tadqiqotda O‘zbekiston tajribasi asosida turizmning barqaror modelini yaratish bo‘yicha tavsiyalar keltirilgan.
467-470
36
15
TURIZMNI RIVOJLANTIRISH ORQALI TURISTIK DESTINATSIYALARNING BARQARORLIGINI TA’MINLASH
Maqolada zamonaviy turizm rivojlanishining salbiy oqibatlaridan biri — overtü¬rizm muammosi tahlil qilinadi. Unda turistik destinatsiyalarning barqaror rivojlanishiga ta’sir etuvchi ekologik, ijtimoiy va iqtisodiy omillar o‘rganilib, overtü¬rizm oqibatlarini kamaytirish yo‘llari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, xalqaro tajribalar (Yevropa, Osiyo va O‘zbekiston misolida) tahlil qilinib, turizmni raqamlashtirish, diversifikatsiya qilish va mahalliy hamjamiyatni jalb etish orqali muvozanatli rivojlanishni ta’minlash taklif etiladi.
471-475
28
13
ВКЛАД СФЕРЫ УСЛУГ В РАЗВИТИЕ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ СТРАНЫ
В статье рассматривается значение и роль сферы услуг в развитии региональной экономики страны. Анализируются особенности формирования и функционирования сферы услуг как одного из ключевых факторов устойчивого социально-экономического роста регионов. Особое внимание уделено влиянию сервисного сектора на повышение занятости населения, улучшение качества жизни, стимулирование предпринимательской активности и развитие инфраструктуры. Отмечается, что рост доли услуг в валовом региональном продукте способствует диверсификации экономики, снижению зависимости от промышленного и сырьевого производства, а также формированию инновационной среды.
476-482
22
15
SOLIQ TO‘LOVCHILAR FAOLIYATINI SEGMENTLARGA AJRATISH ASOSIDA SOLIQ XAVFLARINI ANIQLASH VA BAHOLASHNING AMALIY USULI
Ushbu maqolada soliq to‘lovchilar faoliyatini segmentatsiya qilish masalalari hamda soliq risklarini aniqlash va boshqarishga oid turli nazariy yondashuvlar tahlil qilinadi. Unda har bir xo‘jalik yurituvchi sub’ektning moliyaviy faoliyati ma’lum darajada xavflilik omillarini o‘zida mujassam etishi ta’kidlanadi va ushbu xavflarning salbiy oqibatlarini kamaytirish maqsadida tavakkalchiliklarni boshqarishning samarali tizimini shakllantirish zarurligi asoslanadi.
Maqolada, shuningdek, soliq xavflarining mohiyati, ularning kelib chiqish omillari va mexanizmlari chuqur tahlil qilinadi, ularni boshqarish, kamaytirish hamda bartaraf etish masalalariga alohida e’tibor qaratiladi. Amaldagi soliq xavfini boshqarish tizimining yetarli darajada rivojlanmaganligi ushbu yo‘nalishda tizimni takomillashtirish va malakali mutaxassislar tayyorlash zaruratini ko‘rsatib bermoqda. Bundan tashqari, maqolada soliq xavfini samarali boshqarish vositasi sifatida soliq to‘lovchilar faoliyatini segmentatsiya qilish jarayonining asosiy bosqichlari va u bilan bog‘liq muammolar tahlil etiladi.
Maqolada, shuningdek, soliq xavflarining mohiyati, ularning kelib chiqish omillari va mexanizmlari chuqur tahlil qilinadi, ularni boshqarish, kamaytirish hamda bartaraf etish masalalariga alohida e’tibor qaratiladi. Amaldagi soliq xavfini boshqarish tizimining yetarli darajada rivojlanmaganligi ushbu yo‘nalishda tizimni takomillashtirish va malakali mutaxassislar tayyorlash zaruratini ko‘rsatib bermoqda. Bundan tashqari, maqolada soliq xavfini samarali boshqarish vositasi sifatida soliq to‘lovchilar faoliyatini segmentatsiya qilish jarayonining asosiy bosqichlari va u bilan bog‘liq muammolar tahlil etiladi.
483-489
31
12
MINTAQAVIY INFRATUZILMANI MODERNIZATSIYA QILISHNING IQTISODIY SAMARADORLIGI
Ushbu maqolada mintaqaviy infratuzilmani modernizatsiya qilishning iqtisodiy mohiyati, uning samaradorlik ko‘rsatkichlari, O‘zbekiston mintaqalarida amalga oshirilayotgan infratuzilma loyihalari hamda ularning ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy rivojlanishga ta’siri tahlil qilingan. Zamonaviy mintaqaviy iqtisodiyotning eng dolzarb muammolari kompleks tahlil qilinib,ularning samarali yechim yoʻllari taklif etilgan. Maqolada mintaqaviy iqtisodiyotni rivojlantirishning istiqbolli yoʻnalishlari sifatida mintaqaviy ixtisoslashtirish, raqamlashtirish, barqaror turizm va kichik biznesni qoʻllab-quvvatlash masalalari yoritilgan.
Shuningdek, infratuzilma modernizatsiyasining iqtisodiy samaradorligini oshirish yo‘nalishlari bo‘yicha takliflar ilgari surilgan.
Shuningdek, infratuzilma modernizatsiyasining iqtisodiy samaradorligini oshirish yo‘nalishlari bo‘yicha takliflar ilgari surilgan.
490-493
31
21
MINTAQAVIY IQTISODIYOTNING RIVOJLANISH OMILLARI VA USTUVOR YO‘NALISHLARI
This article examines the essence and significance of regional economics, analyzes the main factors influencing its development, and outlines key directions for enhancing regional economic activity. The goal of regional policy is to reduce socio-economic disparities between territories, ensure efficient use of resources, and improve the population’s living standards. Based on Uzbekistan’s experience, the paper highlights regional economic diversification, the creation of innovative clusters, and the implementation of digital technologies.
494-501
32
14
O’ZBEKISTONDAGI ERKIN IQTISODIY ZONALARINING SHAHAR AGLOMERATSIYASIGA TASIRI
Tadqiqotda O’zbekiston shaharlar aglomeratsiyasi va sanoat binolarining o‘zaro ta’siri haqida batafsil ko’rib chiqilgan. Toshkent aglomeratsiyasi, yoki boshqa yirik shaharlarning atrofidagi kichik shaharlar, qishloqlar va sanoat hududlari. Sanoat binolarining shahar aglomeratsiyasiga ta’sirini ko’rib chiqamiz. Aglomeratsiyalarda ko‘chalar va infratuzilmasida transport tiqilinchlariga, havoning ifloslanishiga, madaniy va estetik jihatdan sanoat binolarining ko‘pligi shaharning ko‘rinishiga va madaniy muhitiga ta’sir qilishi atroflicha ko’rib chiqilgan.
502-505
35
10
MINTAQALARDA TABIIY RESURSLARDAN OQILONA FOYDALANISH VA EKOLOGIK MUVOZANAT MASALALARI
Natural resources are among the key pillars of regional economies. Their rational and sustainable use ensures the preservation of ecological balance, the improvement of social welfare, and the long-term development of the national economy. This article analyzes the pressing issues of natural resource utilization in a regional context, including the rapid depletion of raw materials, overexploitation, environmental degradation, and uneven distribution among regions. The paper also proposes strategies for rational resource management, strengthening ecological sustainability, and improving regional policy mechanisms.
506-510
43
10
TURIZM VA XIZMATLAR SEKTORINING HUDUDIY IQTISODIYOTDAGI O’RNI VA RIVOJLANTIRISH ISTIQBOLLARI (Samarqand viloyati misolida)
Mazkur maqolada Samarqand viloyati iqtisodiyotining tarkibiy qismlaridan biri bo‘lgan turizm va xizmatlar sektorining hozirgi holati, iqtisodiy o‘sishdagi o‘rni hamda istiqboldagi rivojlanish yo‘nalishlari ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot davomida so‘nggi yillarda turizm infratuzilmasida yuz bergan ijobiy o‘zgarishlar, xorijiy investitsiyalar oqimi, bandlik darajasi hamda xizmatlar hajmidagi o‘sish dinamikasi o‘rganildi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatdiki, Samarqand viloyatida turizm iqtisodiy o‘sishning drayver sohasiga aylangan bo‘lib, hudud yalpi mahsulotining chorak qismiga yaqinini ta’minlamoqda. Shu bilan birga, tadqiqotda mavjud muammolar aniqlanib, ularni bartaraf etish bo‘yicha ilmiy asoslangan tavsiyalar ishlab chiqildi.
511-515
22
15
THE ROLE OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY IN PREVENTING AND ELIMINATING THE SHADOW ECONOMY IN THE SERVICE SECTOR
This study examines the importance of digital (non–human-dependent) control mechanisms based on modern information technologies in preventing and eliminating the shadow economy in the service sector, as well as their economic efficiency and directions for improvement.
The author analyzes the economic efficiency of the mechanism for eliminating the shadow economy through a digital (auto‑cameral) system using the example of service-sector business entities in the Samarkand region, and presents scientific-practical proposals and conclusions for its improvement.
The author analyzes the economic efficiency of the mechanism for eliminating the shadow economy through a digital (auto‑cameral) system using the example of service-sector business entities in the Samarkand region, and presents scientific-practical proposals and conclusions for its improvement.
516-518
19
16
O‘ZBEKISTON SHAROITIDA DEVELOPERLIK FAOLIYATINI JORIY ETISH ISTIQBOLLARI
The efficiency of the investment and construction process plays an important role in the sustainable development of the economy of Uzbekistan. In world practice, the use of development services in organizing this process is giving positive results. The article discusses the need to develop development activities in the conditions of Uzbekistan, its organizational and economic advantages, differences from the traditional model, and directions for adapting it to the national construction system. The experience of foreign countries is also analyzed and priority areas for implementing development activities in accordance with the economy of Uzbekistan are substantiated.
519-521
42
16
O‘ZBEKISTON IQTISODIYOTIDA INVESTITSIYA SIYOSATINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH VA UNING BARQAROR RIVOJLANISHDAGI O‘RNI
Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasida investitsiya siyosatining hozirgi holati, uning iqtisodiy o‘sishdagi roli hamda xorijiy investitsiyalarni jalb etish masalalari tahlil qilinadi. So‘nggi yillarda amalga oshirilayotgan iqtisodiy islohotlar, sarmoya muhitini yaxshilash, xususiy sektorni rivojlantirish va raqamli iqtisodiyot sharoitida investitsiyalarni boshqarish yo‘nalishlari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, maqolada investitsion muhitni yanada takomillashtirish, milliy iqtisodiyotning raqobatbardoshligini oshirish va barqaror rivojlanishni ta’minlash bo‘yicha takliflar ilgari suriladi.
522-524
27
9
O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASIDA RAQAMLI IQTISODIYOTNING RIVOJLANISHI VA UNING IQTISODIY O‘SISHDAGI O‘RNI
Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasida raqamli iqtisodiyotning shakllanish jarayoni, uning milliy iqtisodiyotdagi o‘rni, afzalliklari va rivojlanish istiqbollari tahlil qilinadi. Raqamli texnologiyalarni ishlab chiqarish, moliya, ta’lim, sog‘liqni saqlash va davlat boshqaruvi tizimlariga joriy etish orqali iqtisodiy samaradorlikni oshirish, byurokratik to‘siqlarni kamaytirish va xalqaro raqobatbardoshlikni kuchaytirish masalalari yoritilgan.
Maqolada “Raqamli O‘zbekiston – 2030” strategiyasi doirasida amalga oshirilayotgan islohotlar, ularning natijalari hamda istiqboldagi ustuvor yo‘nalishlar haqida fikr yuritiladi.
Maqolada “Raqamli O‘zbekiston – 2030” strategiyasi doirasida amalga oshirilayotgan islohotlar, ularning natijalari hamda istiqboldagi ustuvor yo‘nalishlar haqida fikr yuritiladi.
525-530
33
13
MUHANDISLIK SOHASIDA VIRTUAL LABORATORIYALARNI YARATISH VA ULARNI O‘QUV JARAYONIGA INTEGRATSIYA QILISH
Virtual laboratoriya nafaqat mahsulot, ish va xizmatlarni ishlab chiqarish va sotishda kompaniyaning mavqeini qayta baholash orqali, balki mahsulot qiymatini ishlab chiqarishning butun jarayonini doimiy ravishda takomillashtirish orqali qurilish tashkilotlari samaradorligini oshirishning yangi imkoniyatini anglatadi. Virtual laboratoriya tashkilotning raqamli strategiyasi bo‘lgan poydevorni talab qiladi, uning asosiy maqsadi, kompaniyaning boshqa strategiyalaridan farqli o‘laroq, tashkilotni zamonaviy raqamli sharoitlarga moslashtirishdir, bu kompaniyani takomillashtirishga kompleks yondashuvda ifodalanadi, bu ham tashkilotning ichki jarayonlariga, ham mexanizmlarga qaratilgan. uning tashqi muhit bilan o‘zaro ta’siri.
531-533
29
11
RAQOBATBARDOSH MINTAQAVIY IQTISODIYOT SHAKLLANTIRISH OMILLARI
This article analyzes the key factors that shape competitiveness in regional economies, their interrelations, and their impact on economic growth. The study examines institutional environment, infrastructure, innovation capacity, human capital, and investment attractiveness as the main determinants of a region’s competitiveness. The results show that a competitive regional economy can be achieved through a comprehensive approach and by improving the efficiency of regional governance.
534-537
42
20
O‘ZBEKISTON MINTAQALARIDA ISHLAB CHIQARISH CHIQINDILARINING IQTISODIYGA TA’SIRI
Mazkur maqolada O‘zbekistonda ishlab chiqarilayotgan sanoat, maishiy va qishloq xo‘jaligi chiqindilarining iqtisodiyotga ta’siri o‘rganilgan. Tadqiqotda chiqindilar hajmi, ularni qayta ishlash darajasi hamda chiqindilarning iqtisodiy samaradorlikka qo‘shayotgan hissasi tahlil qilindi. Statistik ma’lumotlar asosida chiqindilarning ekologik va iqtisodiy oqibatlari baholandi hamda chiqindilardan iqtisodiy resurs sifatida foydalanish istiqbollari yoritildi.
538-540
48
9
MINTAQAVIY IQTISODIYOTNING DOLZARB MUAMMOLARI VA ULARNING INNOVATSION YECHIMLARI
This article analyzes the current problems of the regional economy, their causes and imbalances in economic development. It also discusses the role of innovative approaches in increasing the economic potential of regions, the effectiveness of the introduction of digital technologies, clustering and the concept of "smart region". The author puts forward proposals and recommendations for innovative solutions that ensure sustainable growth of the regional economy.
541-545
42
29
O’ZBEKISTON VA JAHONDA DAROMADLAR TENGSIZLIGI, KAMBAG’ALLIK MUAMMOSI
This article analyzes the interrelation between income inequality and poverty, as well as effective ways to reduce them. The paper highlights the main causes of socio-economic inequality, the imbalance in income distribution among the population, and their impact on economic growth. In addition, based on the experience of foreign countries, the study examines state policies aimed at poverty reduction and explores the possibilities of applying them in the context of Uzbekistan.
546-548
26
15
ISHLAB CHIQARISH SAMARADORLIGINI OSHIRISHNING IQTISODIY MEXANIZMLARI
This article analyzes the economic mechanisms that contribute to increasing production efficiency. Production efficiency is defined as the ability of an enterprise to achieve high results by making the most rational use of available resources. The study examines key factors affecting efficiency, including labor productivity, technological innovation, investment potential, competitive environment, and resource quality. The article explores ways to enhance production efficiency through fiscal and monetary policies, tax and subsidy systems, as well as investment and innovation development. It also emphasizes the practical importance of stimulating innovation, supporting small businesses, improving qualifications, introducing energy-saving technologies, and strengthening competition. The research findings aim to improve production processes, ensure efficient use of resources, and increase the competitiveness of the national economy.
549-551
47
17
KORXONANING ASOSIY VOSITALARI VA ULARDAN FOYDALANISH SAMARADORLIGI
In this scientific article, the indicators representing the efficiency of the enterprise's main assets and the main means of production technology in the enterprise are determined by research.
552-554
32
12
QISHLOQ VA SHAHAR HUDUDLARI O‘RTASIDAGI IQTISODIY TAFOVUTLARNI KAMAYTIRISH SIYOSATI
Economic disparities between rural and urban areas are a pressing issue for the country’s economic development. This article analyzes differences in income, employment, education, healthcare, infrastructure, and resource utilization across regions. Measures such as government policies, investment programs, infrastructure development, implementation of innovative technologies, and environmentally sustainable solutions are also examined to reduce these disparities. The article proposes strategies aimed at ensuring regional stability and social equity.
555-557
32
15
HUDUDLARARO IQTISODIY INTEGRATSIYA: MUAMMOLAR VA ISTIQBOLLAR
This article examines the processes of economic integration between the regions of Uzbekistan, their development dynamics, existing challenges, and promising directions. It is shown that the uneven distribution of resources, production capacities, infrastructure, and investment flows between regions directly affects the efficiency of economic integration. The article also proposes ways to deepen economic integration through strengthening interregional economic relations, developing transport and logistics systems, and expanding innovative cooperation.
558-562
38
13
MINTAQAVIY IQTISODIYOTNING DOLZARB MUAMMOLARI VA ULARNING YECHIM YO‘LLARI
Regional economics is a scientific field that studies issues of growth, development, and disparities arising from interregional economic relations and interactions. This article analyzes pressing problems such as interregional economic inequality, inefficient resource utilization, regional integration, and disparities in technological development. It also proposes solutions to reduce regional differences, enhance resource efficiency, and foster innovative cooperation. The study aims to ensure sustainable growth and equitable development through regional policy, economic cooperation, and interregional integration processes.
563-566
25
13
MINTAQALARDA XORIJIY INVESTITSIYALARNI JALB ETISH OMILLARI
This article analyzes the key factors influencing the attraction of foreign investments to the regions of Uzbekistan, the existing challenges, and ways to address them. It is shown that uneven distribution of investment flows between regions, infrastructure, legal environment, and human capital directly affect foreign investors’ decisions. The article also proposes economic, institutional, and innovative mechanisms to enhance the investment attractiveness of the regions.
567-570
25
11
O‘ZBEKISTON MINTAQALARI IJTIMOIY-IQTISODIY RIVOJLANISHINING TAHLILI VA TAKOMILLASHTIRISH YO‘LLARI
The sustainable development of Uzbekistan’s economy is directly linked to the socio-economic potential of its regions. In recent years, large-scale reforms have been implemented to modernize regional economic policy, improve the investment climate, and reduce disparities between regions. This article analyzes the socio-economic development levels of Uzbekistan’s regions, examining key issues such as economic inequality, infrastructure imbalances, and employment challenges. Strategic directions for improving regional economies, innovative approaches, and investment mechanisms are also substantiated.
571-574
44
19
O‘ZBEKISTON BANK TIZIMIDA INNOVATSION DEPOZIT XIZMATLARINI RIVOJLANTIRISH VA MOLIYAVIY BARQARORLIKNI TA’MINLASH YO‘LLARI
This article analyzes the improvement of the deposit policy of commercial banks in the Republic of Uzbekistan, the development of innovative deposit services, and their impact on financial stability. The study highlights recent reforms aimed at modernizing the banking system, introducing digital banking services, enhancing the population’s savings culture, and expanding the deposit base. Special attention is given to the role of modern digital technologies in banking operations, the advantages of new deposit products, and their contribution to the national economy.
418-423
29
13
AHOLINI IPOTEKA KREDITLARI BILAN TA’MINLASH SAMARADORLIGI
So’ngi yillarda respublikamiz aholisi uchun namunaviy loyihalar asosida yakka tartibdagi va ko’p qavatli uy-joylar qurish bo‘yicha keng ko‘lamli ishlar amalga oshirilganligi ahamiyatlidir.
Faqatgina 2023-2024-yillar davomida qishloq joylarda 1308 turar joy massivida umumiy maydoni 9 573 ming kvadrat metr bo‘lgan 69 557 ta shinam uy-joy qurildi. Qishloqlardagi 83,5 mingdan ortiq oilaning yashash sharoiti yaxshilandi.
Faqatgina 2023-2024-yillar davomida qishloq joylarda 1308 turar joy massivida umumiy maydoni 9 573 ming kvadrat metr bo‘lgan 69 557 ta shinam uy-joy qurildi. Qishloqlardagi 83,5 mingdan ortiq oilaning yashash sharoiti yaxshilandi.
98-106
23
8
DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF FETOPLACENTAL DISORDERS IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH COVID-19
COVID-19 is more dangerous in the second and third trimesters, which is
explained by the increased burden on various body systems. Changes in the cardiorespiratory
and immune systems during pregnancy increase a woman's susceptibility to severe infection and
hypoxic compromise. It should be noted that the functioning of the pulmonary respiratory system
from the second half of gestation is impaired by the elevated position of the diaphragm resulting
from the growth of the pregnant uterus and the need to enhance lung function due to the body's
increased oxygen demand.
There is no convincing link between coronavirus infection and an increased risk of
pregnancy loss in the second trimester. However, the development of obstetric and perinatal
pathologies in pregnant women with COVID-19 remains a pressing issue. In this regard, the
chosen focus of our dissertation is highly relevant, and the analysis conducted will help practical
healthcare find the right approaches to providing medical care to pregnant and postpartum
women with COVID-19.
explained by the increased burden on various body systems. Changes in the cardiorespiratory
and immune systems during pregnancy increase a woman's susceptibility to severe infection and
hypoxic compromise. It should be noted that the functioning of the pulmonary respiratory system
from the second half of gestation is impaired by the elevated position of the diaphragm resulting
from the growth of the pregnant uterus and the need to enhance lung function due to the body's
increased oxygen demand.
There is no convincing link between coronavirus infection and an increased risk of
pregnancy loss in the second trimester. However, the development of obstetric and perinatal
pathologies in pregnant women with COVID-19 remains a pressing issue. In this regard, the
chosen focus of our dissertation is highly relevant, and the analysis conducted will help practical
healthcare find the right approaches to providing medical care to pregnant and postpartum
women with COVID-19.
56-61
32
17
REQUIREMENTS FOR TEXTS SELECTION IN PREPARING ELEMENTARY STUDENTS FOR THE PIRLS INTERNATIONAL ASSESSMENT PROGRAM
This article discusses the implementation of the PIRLS international assessment
program, the definition of reading literacy, the goals of reading literacy, the comprehension
processes that combine reading goals, the criteria established for the texts used in the PIRLS
study. It also provides information about the “PIRLS UZBEKISTAN” mobile application designed
to prepare primary school students for the PIRLS international assessment program.
program, the definition of reading literacy, the goals of reading literacy, the comprehension
processes that combine reading goals, the criteria established for the texts used in the PIRLS
study. It also provides information about the “PIRLS UZBEKISTAN” mobile application designed
to prepare primary school students for the PIRLS international assessment program.
128-130
22
9
IRRIGATION NORMS AND THEIR EFFECT ON MUNG BEAN GROWTH
This article investigates the impact of irrigation norms on the growth and productivity of mung bean crops. The study examines the physiological significance of irrigation, its effect on crop yield, and methods for determining optimal irrigation norms. Experimental results showed that proper irrigation promotes the development of root systems and leaves, enhances photosynthesis, and improves yield quality. Excessive or insufficient irrigation, however, negatively affects crop growth. The findings provide practical recommendations for efficient use of water resources in agriculture and for maximizing mung bean yield.
131-134
81
11
PRAGMATIC FEATURES OF INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES IN THE UZBEK LANGUAGE
This study explores the pragmatic features of interrogative sentences, focusing on their communicative functions, contextual dependence, and the role of politeness and social norms in shaping meaning. Interrogatives are analyzed not only as grammatical structures but also as tools that convey speaker intentions, manage social interaction, and facilitate effective communication. The research highlights how situational context, discourse history, and cultural conventions influence the interpretation of questions. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of pragmatic competence in language teaching and intercultural communication. The findings suggest that understanding the pragmatic aspects of interrogatives enhances communicative effectiveness and contributes to both theoretical linguistics and applied language studies.
135-138
34
13
XX ASRNING 70-90YILLARI SAUDIYA ARABISTONIDA TA’LIM VA MADANIYAT SOHALARIDAGI SIYOSAT
This thesis analyzes the political reforms carried out in the fields of education and culture in Saudi Arabia during the 1970s–1990s. The study highlights the processes of educational modernization, the establishment of new educational institutions, and the expansion of cultural infrastructure in connection with the rapid growth of the oil-based economy. It also examines the influence of state policy grounded in Arab and Islamic values on the content of education and its role in strengthening cultural identity. As a result, the reforms implemented between 1970 and 1990 are shown to have played a crucial role in the socio-cultural development of Saudi Arabia.
139-141
33
15
MAKTABGACHA TA’LIM TASHKILOTLARIDA LOYIHALASHTIRISH TEXNOLOGIYALARINING INNOVATSION BOSHQARUVDA TUTGAN O‘RNI
Ushbu maqolada maktabgacha ta’lim tashkilotlarida loyihalashtirish va texnologik ta’lim jarayonlaridan innovatsion boshqaruvning samarali vositasi sifatida foydalanish masalalari yoritiladi. “Ilk qadam” davlat o‘quv dasturi talablari asosida 3–7 yoshli bolalar bilan loyiha faoliyatini tashkil etish bosqichlari tahlil qilinadi. Loyiha uslubining ta’lim jarayonini boshqarish, tarbiyachi faoliyati samaradorligini oshirish, jamoada hamkorlik psixologiyasi va tashkilotning innovatsion rivojlanishiga qo‘shadigan hissasi ilmiy-pedagogik jihatdan asoslab beriladi.
142-142
27
18
LEXICAL AND SEMANTIC FEATURES OF PROVERBS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK FAIRY TALES
Proverbs represent a concise and culturally rich form of folk wisdom that reflects the worldview, values, and cognitive experience of a speech community. Due to their brevity and fixed structure, proverbs employ a limited number of lexical units while conveying a broad and often metaphorical meaning. The lexical features of proverbs are primarily characterized by stability, imagery, and expressiveness. Their vocabulary frequently includes archaic words, figurative expressions, culturally marked lexical items, and symbolic objects that embody historical memory and national identity. The lexical composition of proverbs is also notable for its semantic economy, where minimal linguistic material expresses maximum conceptual content
143-147
33
16
ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING THROUGH PORTFOLIO
This article analyzes the pedagogical and methodological significance of using portfolios to assess students’ individual achievements and personal development in modern education. Portfolio assessment enables a comprehensive evaluation of students’ knowledge, practical skills, and creative competencies, while also enhancing their motivation and self-assessment abilities. The study examines the types of portfolios, assessment criteria, indicators, and practical implementation methods. Additionally, the advantages and limitations of portfolio assessment are evaluated from a scientific perspective. The findings indicate that portfolio systems serve as an effective tool for improving educational quality, ensuring individualized approaches, and enhancing transparency in the pedagogical process.
148-151
36
15
СРАВНЕНИЕ ЧИСЛЕННЫХ МЕТОДОВ ВЫЧИСЛЕНИЯ ПЛОЩАДИ ЯЗВЕННОГО ДЕФЕКТА ЖЕЛУДКА ПО ЭНДОСКОПИЧЕСКИМ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЯМ
This paper addresses the problem of automated calculation of gastric ulcer surface area using endoscopic images. A comparative analysis of three numerical methods is carried out: the rectangle method, the trapezoidal method, and numerical integration based on spline interpolation. The results show that spline interpolation provides higher accuracy in area estimation compared to classical approximate methods. Experimental results indicate that the difference between the rectangle method and the spline-based approach is 0.94 mm², which is significant for medical diagnostics.
152-155
33
12
TEACHING LYRIC AND DRAMATIC WORKS
This article explores the theoretical and methodological foundations of teaching dramatic works, as well as their role in developing students’ artistic thinking. It highlights effective methods such as staging, character analysis, and understanding the author’s perspective. The educational significance of dramatic structure, conflict, and dialogue, along with the advantages of using interactive teaching techniques, is discussed in detail. Special attention is given to applying modern pedagogical approaches in teaching dramatic texts, enhancing students’ creative activity, and fostering their independent analytical skills.
156-157
25
11
MAKTABGACHA YOSHDAGI BOLALARDA TERMIK KUYISHLARNING TARQALISHIDA GIGIYENIK VA TIBBIY-IJTIMOIY OMILLARNING TA’SIRINI O‘RGANISH VA BAHOLASH
So‘nggi yillarda bolalar o‘rtasida jarohatlanishlar tarkibida termik kuyishlar ulushi ortib bormoqda. Ayniqsa, maktabgacha yosh davrida fiziologik rivojlanishning o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari, nerv tizimi yetilmaganligi, xavf-xatarni mustaqil baholash qobiliyatining sustligi ularni tashqi muhit omillariga nihoyatda sezgir qiladi.
158-161
19
11
ANALYSIS OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR CREATING A HEALTHY COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT AMONG STUDENTS
This study analyzes the pedagogical and methodological foundations for creating a healthy competitive environment among students. The research examines the impact of healthy competition on students’ personal, social, and academic development, as well as its role in shaping motivation and creative approaches. The study also explores the significance of pedagogical strategies, assessment systems, innovative technologies, and individualized approaches. Additionally, strategies for promoting constructive and friendly competition among students are analyzed. The findings indicate that establishing a healthy competitive environment systematically and effectively supports students’ personal and social development and contributes to improving the quality of education.
229-231
21
11
MILLIY MUSIQIY MEROS ORQALI YOSHLAR ONGIDA MA’NAVIY QADRIYATLARNI MUSTAHKAMLASH
Ushbu maqolada o‘zbek xalqining milliy musiqiy merosi yoshlar tarbiyasida tutgan o‘rni, uning ma’naviy-axloqiy sifatlarni shakllantirishdagi o‘rni va ta’siri chuqur tahlil qilinadi. Milliy kuy-qo‘shiqlar, maqom san’ati, baxshichilik, marosim qo‘shiqlari, xalq og‘zaki ijodi namunalarining tarbiyaviy salohiyati o‘rganilib, ularni maktab ta’limi jarayoniga samarali integratsiya qilishning amaliy yo‘llari yoritilgan. Tadqiqot kuzatish, qiyosiy tahlil, pedagogik eksperiment va suhbat metodlari asosida olib borildi. Olingan natijalar milliy musiqiy meros yoshlar ongida vatanparvarlik, milliy g‘urur, estetik dunyoqarash, ma’naviy immunitet va ijobiy axloqiy fazilatlar shakllanishiga katta ta’sir ko‘rsatishini namoyon etdi.
232-236
23
13
JISMONIY TARBIYA VA TASHKILOTLARNI ZAMON TALABLARIGA MOS RAVISHDA RIVOJLANTIRISHGA XARAKTERESTIKA
The structure of the lesson affects its effectiveness in various ways - both positively and negatively - and, along with solving the general and specific tasks of the lesson, requires special professional-theoretical and practical knowledge and skills from the teacher regarding the structure of the lesson. Initially, the term "structure of the lesson" was not used.
237-239
50
21
ORTA MEKTEP JASINDAǴI BALALARDIŃ JASQA BAYLANISLI FIZIKALIQ RAWAJLANIWI.
In this article, youth is characterized by the continuation of the growth and development process, which manifests itself in a calm and uniform direction relative to individual organs and systems. At the same time, the age limit expires. In this regard, sexual and individual differences become clearly visible in both the structure and functions of the body. At this age, the length and width of the body increase, while the increase in mass decreases.
Differences in body size and shape between boys and girls reach their maximum. Boys and girls grow and gain weight. Boys (average) are 10-12 kg heavier than girls. The mass of muscles is 13% greater than the mass of the entire body, and the mass of subcutaneous adipose tissue is 10% less than in girls. Boys' bodies are slightly shorter, and their arms and legs are longer than girls'.
Differences in body size and shape between boys and girls reach their maximum. Boys and girls grow and gain weight. Boys (average) are 10-12 kg heavier than girls. The mass of muscles is 13% greater than the mass of the entire body, and the mass of subcutaneous adipose tissue is 10% less than in girls. Boys' bodies are slightly shorter, and their arms and legs are longer than girls'.
240-243
34
16
MEKTEP OQIWSHILARINIŃ FIZIKALÍQ RAWAJLANIWINIŃ QÁSIYETLERNE SIPATLAMA
Baslanǵısh mektep jasındaǵı balalar ushın tábiyiy qural - bul joqarı háreketli iskerlikke mútajlik. Bunnan tısqarı, qızlarda bul mútajlik ul balalarǵa qaraǵanda kemirek kórinetuǵın boladı. Qızlar óz-ózinen háreketli bolıw múmkinshiligı kemirek. Sol sebepli olardı dene tárbiyası shólkemlestirilgen formalarına kóbirek tartıw usınıs etiledi.
244-247
22
17
GANDBOLSHILARDIN ULIWMA FIZIKALIQ TAYARLIǴINA SIPATLAMA
Gandbolda qollanılatuǵın usıllar, (texnikalıq) tájiriybelerdi sportshı óz iyiliwsheńliǵıne qarap qáliplestirip baradı. Biraq, bunıń ózi bul sapanı tolıq 9 rawajlandırıw múmkinshiligin bermeydi. Bul sapanı nátiyjeli jetilistiriw ushın bulshıq et, shemirshek, buwınlardı sozıw, iyiw, jayıw, qısıw sıyaqlı arnawlı shınıǵıwlardı áste aqırınlıq penen úzliksiz qollanıw kerek boladı. Ulıwma fizikalıq tayarlıq usılları gandbolshınıń hár tárepleme rawajlanıwına járdem beretuǵın jáne onıń ushın zárúrli bolǵan arnawlı sapalardı jetilistiriwge tásir etiwshi sportshınıń basqa iskerlik túrine ótiwde, hám de turmısta zárúrli kónlikpe hám tájiriybelerdi iyelewde tiykarǵı qural bolıp xızmet etetuǵın sapalar kompleksin rawajlandırıwǵa qaratılǵan bolıwı kerek. Gandbolshılar ushın ulıwma fizikalıq tayarlıq usılların tańlawda tómendegi zárúrli qaǵıydalardı esapqa alıw kerek.
248-253
25
13
О ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОМ УПРАВЛЕНИИ, СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИИ СПОРТИВНОЙ ЛИЧНОСТИ
The paper deals with the improvement of pedagogical management of sports personalities on the example of students learning to swim. Provides a method of increasing the efficiency and reserves to create conditions conducive to the revitalization and growth of sports personalities.
254-260
27
10
ДИАЛЕКТИКА ЖИЗНИ И ТЕКСТА: ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ И ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИЯ ЛИЧНОСТИ ТВОРЦА В УЗБЕКСКОМ ЛИТЕРАТУРОВЕДЕНИИ
В статье исследуется диалектика жизни и текста как один из центральных принципов современного литературоведения. Прослеживается эволюция подходов от биографического метода Сент-Бёва до критики структурализма (Барт, Фуко), life-writing и психобиографических исследований (Парк, Джолли, МакАдамс). Особое внимание уделяется достижениям узбекского литературоведения (О. Шарафиддинов, И. Султан, Н. Каримов, У. Норматов, Б. Касимов) и применению трёх теоретических моделей (mirror model, transformational model, narrative identity model) к произведениям Абдуллы Каххара, Гафура Гулома, Абдуллы Кадыри и других авторов. Комплексное использование биографического, психобиографического, культурно-исторического и художественно-социологического подходов, а также первичных источников (архивные материалы, письма, дневники) позволяет глубоко и системно понять личность творца.
Подчёркивается, что диалектика жизни и текста требует восприятия автора как многогранного динамического процесса.
Подчёркивается, что диалектика жизни и текста требует восприятия автора как многогранного динамического процесса.
261-264
41
21
THE FUNCTION OF STYLISTICALLY MARKED WORDS IN LITERARY DISCOURSE: EVIDENCE FROM ENGLISH AND UZBEK TEXTS
This article provides an in-depth comparative analysis of stylistically marked vocabulary in English and Uzbek literary discourse. The study explores the classification, linguistic features, and artistic functions of neutral, colloquial and literary layers of vocabulary in both languages. By examining examples from classical and modern prose and poetry - including works by English authors such as William Shakespeare, Charles Dickinson and Uzbek authors such as Abdulla Qahhor and Abdulla Oripov – the article demonstrates how stylistically marked words serve as powerful tools for building imagery, expressing emotional differences and strengthening cultural identity.
265-269
60
15
MODERN FOREIGN APPROACHES TO THE MORAL REHABILITATION OF PRISONERS
This article analyzes modern foreign approaches to the moral rehabilitation of prisoners. The research results indicate that prisoner reintegration programs, psychological rehabilitation, vocational and educational training, as well as social adaptation activities, significantly reduce the likelihood of recidivism. Foreign experiences, particularly methods applied in Scandinavian and Western European countries, demonstrate the effectiveness of individualized approaches and interactive rehabilitation programs. The article also discusses the possibilities of applying these approaches in the context of Uzbekistan and ways to enhance the efficiency of the system.
270-274
25
12
TECHNOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING MORAL QUALITIES IN STUDENTS BASED ON THE TEACHINGS OF OUR ANCESTORS
This article analyzes the technologies for developing moral qualities in students based on the teachings of our ancestors. The study shows that integrating the wise sayings, proverbs, and narratives of ancestors with modern pedagogical technologies can effectively develop students’ honesty, respect, responsibility, dedication, and compassion. The article examines the effectiveness of interactive methods, project-based activities, role-playing, and monitoring systems in moral education and provides practical recommendations for pedagogical practice.
275-280
29
15
CORPUS-BASED APPROACHES TO LANGUAGE TEACHING
This study explores corpus-based approaches to language teaching, emphasizing the integration of authentic language data into classroom instruction. Unlike traditional prescriptive methods, corpus-based teaching relies on large, systematically organized collections of written and spoken texts to illustrate real patterns of vocabulary, grammar, and syntactic structures. The research highlights the principles, applications, and benefits of corpus-based methods, including enhanced vocabulary acquisition, context-sensitive grammar comprehension, and development of communicative competence. It also discusses practical strategies for incorporating corpus analysis into teaching, as well as the challenges and limitations associated with this approach. The findings indicate that corpus-based language teaching is an effective, evidence-driven methodology that promotes autonomous learning, critical thinking, and real-world language proficiency.
281-287
27
11
LEARNER CORPORA AND SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION RESEARCH
This study explores the role of learner corpora in second language acquisition (SLA) research, highlighting their methodological significance, applications, and contributions to understanding language learning processes. Learner corpora, consisting of systematically compiled texts produced by second language learners, provide extensive empirical data that reveal recurring linguistic patterns, developmental trends, and interlanguage phenomena. The analysis of written and spoken corpora enables researchers to identify common errors, track proficiency-related progress, and examine cross-linguistic influences. Furthermore, corpus-based methodologies, including automated annotation, error tagging, and concordance analysis, allow for both quantitative and qualitative investigation of learner language. The findings underscore the pedagogical relevance of learner corpora in designing teaching materials, curriculum planning, and promoting data-driven learning approaches. Despite challenges such as corpus representativeness and the need for careful qualitative interpretation, learner corpora offer a robust foundation for bridging theoretical insights and practical applications in SLA research.
288-292
20
23
APPLICATION OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN NURSING PRACTICE: EFFICIENCY, INNOVATIONS, AND IMPROVEMENT OF
This study focuses on the application of modern technologies in nursing practice, analyzing their impact on the quality of patient care, workflow efficiency, and error reduction. The research examines the role of electronic health record systems, telemedicine, digital monitoring devices, and artificial intelligence-based tools in standardizing nursing procedures and supporting clinical decision-making. Additionally, challenges related to the implementation of these technologies, such as insufficient staff training, financial costs, and data security issues, are discussed. The findings indicate that integrating modern technologies into nursing practice plays a crucial role in making nursing activities more professional, safe, and efficient.
293-297
30
13
DETERMINATION OF OPTIMAL IRRIGATION REGIME FOR MUNG BEAN VARIETIES IN GRASSY ALLUVIAL SOILS OF BUKHARA REGION
This article investigates the determination of the optimal irrigation regime for mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) varieties in grassy alluvial soils of the Bukhara region. The research focused on experimental plots of grassy alluvial soils, analyzing their physical and chemical properties, water retention capacity, and the water requirements of different mung bean varieties. During the study, the irrigation frequency and volume for each variety were established, and the efficiency of various irrigation methods, including drip irrigation, surface irrigation, and canal irrigation, was compared. The results demonstrated that the optimal irrigation regime significantly increases crop yield, ensures efficient use of water resources, and helps maintain soil fertility. These findings provide a scientific basis for optimizing mung bean cultivation practices, establishing a sustainable irrigation system, and promoting ecologically efficient farming in the region.
298-302
30
20
CONSTITUTION – THE GUARANTEE OF FREE AND PROSPEROUS LIFE
This study examines the role of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the life of society and its significance as a guarantee for ensuring a free and prosperous life. The research explores the main principles of the Constitution, its role in state governance, its functions in protecting human rights and freedoms, and its impact on the development of civil society. Furthermore, the content of constitutional reforms and their importance in strengthening political stability, economic development, and social well-being are analyzed. The conducted scientific research demonstrates the strategic role of the Constitution in modern state-building and confirms its reliability as a legal foundation for future development.
303-307
24
13
RUSSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGES: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURES
The article presents a comparative analysis of the grammatical structures of Russian and Uzbek languages. The study examines the features of phonetics, morphology, syntax, and verb systems, identifying similarities and differences. The research demonstrates how grammatical characteristics affect language learning, translation, and intercultural communication. The results are practically significant for linguists, teachers, students, and translation specialists.
308-311
36
16
SPORTNING JAMIYATDA INSON KAPITALINI RIVOJLANTIRISHDAGI STRATEGIK RO`LI.
Ushbu maqolada sportning jamiyatda inson kapitalini shakllantirish va rivojlantirishdagi strategik roli tahlil qilinadi. Inson kapitalining asosiy tarkibiy qismlari – sog‘liq, bilim, ko‘nikma, motivatsiya va ijtimoiy faollik sport faoliyati orqali qanday rivojlanishi ilmiy asoslar bilan yoritiladi. Dunyo tajribasi hamda O‘zbekiston misolida sport infratuzilmasi, sog‘lom turmush tarzi, ijtimoiy salomatlik, yoshlar salohiyati va iqtisodiy samaradorlik ko‘rsatkichlari o‘rganiladi. Tadqiqot davomida adabiyotlar tahlili, statistik ma’lumotlar va komparativ tahlil metodlaridan foydalanildi.
312-315
49
16
CROSS-LINGUISTIC VARIATIONS IN REDUNDANCY EXPRESSION: ENGLISH-UZBEK FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVES
This article explores redundancy in language as a functional and typologically conditioned phenomenon. By analyzing English examples and considering implications for morphologically rich languages such as Uzbek, the study highlights redundancy’s roles in grammar, lexicon, and discourse. Redundancy is presented as a communicative strategy that enhances clarity, cognitive processing, and stylistic emphasis, rather than as mere repetition. The article integrates functional, typological, and cognitive perspectives, offering personal analytic reflections alongside evidence from established linguistic research.
316-317
56
14
FEATURES OF OFFICIAL STYLE AND DOCUMENT LANGUAGE
This article explores the linguistic features of official documents and the official style used in legal and administrative communication. The concepts of clarity, consistency, accuracy, standard formulas and regulatory norms are analyzed. The role of official style in ensuring document validity and administrative efficiency is emphasized.
318-325
32
19
IMPROVING ACCOUNTING, ANALYZING, AND AUDITING WAGES AND SOCIAL BENEFITS AT AN ORGANIZATION
This article discusses modern approaches to managing wages and social benefits in organizations, mechanisms that ensure accurate and transparent accounting processes, and new methods of analysis and audit on a scientific basis. The main focus of the research is on the implementation of digital HR-Payroll systems, optimizing the composition of the payroll in accordance with management decisions, standardizing social security payments, and developing analytical indicators for assessing labor resource efficiency.
The article also analyzes the practical results of innovative approaches such as electronic audit trails, strengthening internal control systems, and assessing audit risks using algorithmic methods. The scientific conclusions obtained show that improving the wage and social benefits system allows enterprises to increase financial discipline, labor productivity, and management efficiency.
The article also analyzes the practical results of innovative approaches such as electronic audit trails, strengthening internal control systems, and assessing audit risks using algorithmic methods. The scientific conclusions obtained show that improving the wage and social benefits system allows enterprises to increase financial discipline, labor productivity, and management efficiency.
326-328
23
18
POETIC FEATURES OF UZBEK PRONOUNCEMENTS DURING THE INDEPENDENCE PERIOD
This article attempts to examine the themes of short stories, their diverse content, including serious and humorous, romantic and adventure, historical-documentary, and detective-adventure stories.
329-334
42
12
КОМПЬЮТЕРНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И CAD/CAM-ПРОТЕЗИРОВАНИЕ: СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ
The introduction of digital technologies into prosthetic dentistry has led to the emergence of a fundamentally new level of diagnostics, modelling, and fabrication of dental prosthetic constructions. The aim of this review is to systematize contemporary data on the clinical capabilities of CAD/CAM prosthetics, to evaluate the accuracy, biomechanical and aesthetic characteristics of digitally manufactured restorations, and to analyze the advantages and limitations of the digital workflow. The research material is based on an analysis of publications from international and national databases for the period 2015–2024, including clinical, experimental, and comparative studies on the accuracy, durability, and functional performance of CAD/CAM constructions. The findings indicate that the use of CAD/CAM technologies improves marginal fit accuracy, enhances reproducibility of treatment outcomes, optimizes clinical procedures, and broadens the spectrum of applicable restorative materials.
Special emphasis is placed on digital occlusal diagnostics and the integration of additive manufacturing technologies, which open new possibilities for individualized prosthetic solutions.
Overall, the data confirm that CAD/CAM prosthetics represents a key direction in the advancement of modern prosthetic dentistry.
Special emphasis is placed on digital occlusal diagnostics and the integration of additive manufacturing technologies, which open new possibilities for individualized prosthetic solutions.
Overall, the data confirm that CAD/CAM prosthetics represents a key direction in the advancement of modern prosthetic dentistry.
335-340
30
14
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ СТАНДАРТЫ ВЕДЕНИЯ ОДОНТОГЕННЫХ ИНФЕКЦИЙ
Modern odontogenic infections remain one of the most pressing issues in maxillofacial surgery and dentistry, due to the high prevalence of complicated forms, increasing antibiotic resistance, and delayed patient presentation. This review systematizes current literature data reflecting the standards of diagnosis, surgical management, and antimicrobial therapy of odontogenic infections. Particular attention is given to the principles of early detection of inflammatory processes, algorithms for drainage of abscesses and phlegmons, rational selection of antibacterial agents, and assessment of risk factors for severe disease progression. The role of a multidisciplinary approach, advanced imaging methods, and additional technologies—including local antiseptics, photodynamic therapy, and drains with active aspiration—is analyzed. The summarized data indicate the necessity of transitioning to standardized, evidence-based, and algorithm-driven approaches for the management of odontogenic infections, ensuring a reduction in complications and improved clinical outcomes.
341-345
26
24
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE FORMATION OF MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS
This article analyzes the theoretical foundations of forming mathematical concepts among primary school students. It explores the nature of mathematical concepts, stages of conceptual development, cognitive aspects of learning, and modern pedagogical approaches that enhance mathematical thinking. Based on the theories of Vigotskiy, Piage, Bruner, and other scholars, the study explains the mechanisms of conceptual acquisition in children. The article also highlights effective methods such as visual aids, interactive activities, game-based learning, and differentiated instruction as crucial tools for developing mathematical understanding.
346-348
23
12
KORRUPSIYAGA QARSHI KURASH – FAROVON KELAJAK VA BUYUK DAVLAT GAROVIDIR
This article says that the fight against corruption has become a priority area of government policy in Uzbekistan, our country has established a legislative framework in the field of combating corruption, and we must wage an uncompromising fight against this evil.
349-351
68
16
SUDLAR FAOLIYATIDA SUN'IY INTELLEKT TEXNOLOGIYALARI JORIY ETILADI
Ushbu maqolada, sudlar faoliyatida sun'iy intellekt texnologiyalari joriy etish haqida fikr va mulohazalar yuritiladi. So'nggi o'n yil ichida sun'iy intellekt texnologik yangilikdan inson faoliyatining deyarli barcha sohalariga ta'sir qiluvchi asosiy vositaga o'tdi.
Tarixiy jihatdan yangi texnologiyalarni qabul qilishda yopiq bo'lgan adliya tizimi endi sun’iy intelektning transformatsion salohiyatiga duch kelmoqda. Dunyo bo'ylab sudlar, o'sib borayotgan ish yuklari, cheklangan resurslar va samaradorlikka bo'lgan jamoatchilik umidlarini oshirish - adolat, shaffoflik va tegishli jarayon tamoyillarini qo'llab-quvvatlamoqda.
Tarixiy jihatdan yangi texnologiyalarni qabul qilishda yopiq bo'lgan adliya tizimi endi sun’iy intelektning transformatsion salohiyatiga duch kelmoqda. Dunyo bo'ylab sudlar, o'sib borayotgan ish yuklari, cheklangan resurslar va samaradorlikka bo'lgan jamoatchilik umidlarini oshirish - adolat, shaffoflik va tegishli jarayon tamoyillarini qo'llab-quvvatlamoqda.
352-354
37
28
NUTQNING IXTISOSLASHUVI VA MULOQOTNING TARKIBIY QISMLARI
This article analyzes the specialization of speech and the components of communication. Various forms of speech - scientific, formal, artistic, professional, and mass - were studied through audience and purpose adaptation. The main components of communication - sender, receiver, message, channel, context, and feedback - are analyzed with examples. The research results show the importance of the specialization and components of speech in increasing the effectiveness of communication.
355-361
26
15
INTEGRATION OF A SHOWER WATER REDIRECTION SYSTEM INTO THE INTERNAL ENGINEERING NETWORKS OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING DESIGNS
Efficient management of water resources has become a critical aspect of sustainable residential construction. This study explores the integration of a shower water redirection system into the internal engineering networks of residential buildings, aiming to reduce potable water consumption and minimize the load on sewage infrastructure. The system collects greywater from showers and repurposes it for toilet flushing, ensuring compliance with sanitary standards and maintaining water quality through filtration and disinfection units. The research examines technical design principles, hydraulic calculations, pipeline layouts, and operational monitoring to optimize performance. Results indicate a potential reduction of 25–30% in potable water usage, significant economic benefits through decreased utility and sewage costs, and positive environmental impacts by lowering wastewater generation and energy consumption. Challenges such as maintenance, system clogging, and user compliance are addressed, and recommendations for effective implementation are provided. The study demonstrates that shower water redirection is a feasible, sustainable, and cost-effective solution for modern residential buildings, aligning with green building standards and promoting efficient urban water management.
362-367
32
21
USING THE SPIRITUAL HERITAGE OF EASTERN SCHOLARS IN GUIDING STUDENTS TOWARDS PROFESSIONAL CAREERS: SCIENTIFIC AND PEDAGOGICAL FOUNDATIONS
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the scientific and pedagogical foundations for utilizing the spiritual heritage of Eastern scholars in guiding students toward professional careers. The study examines the ideas of Eastern thinkers related to labor, professional ethics, personal development, social responsibility, honesty, and the pursuit of knowledge in close connection with modern career guidance systems. The article demonstrates how this heritage can foster students’ interest in work, enhance professional self-awareness, and support conscious decision-making for future career paths. Furthermore, it discusses the effectiveness of applying this heritage in pedagogical practice, the methods used in educational processes, and scientific proposals for their modernization. The research results indicate that relying on spiritual heritage in career guidance is a significant factor not only in education but also in forming motivation and psychological stability among students.
368-373
28
12
STUDY OF THE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF IRON METABOLISM DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE
This study aims to investigate the clinical significance of iron metabolism disorders in patients with chronic heart failure. The results of the study indicate that iron deficiency significantly worsens the clinical condition of patients, reducing physical activity, increasing fatigue and shortness of breath, and decreasing the effectiveness of treatment.
Laboratory parameters ferritin, transferrin saturation, and hepcidin are important tools for assessing iron status and enabling early diagnosis. Parenteral iron therapy has been shown to improve patients’ functional status, enhance quality of life, and reduce complications associated with the disease. The study demonstrates that monitoring iron metabolism and developing individualized treatment strategies in patients with chronic heart failure are of critical clinical importance.
Laboratory parameters ferritin, transferrin saturation, and hepcidin are important tools for assessing iron status and enabling early diagnosis. Parenteral iron therapy has been shown to improve patients’ functional status, enhance quality of life, and reduce complications associated with the disease. The study demonstrates that monitoring iron metabolism and developing individualized treatment strategies in patients with chronic heart failure are of critical clinical importance.
374-378
32
17
O‘ZBEK ETNOMILLIY TAFAKKURIDAGI DINIY E’TIQODLAR VA MAROSIMLARNI MAFKURAVIY JIHATDAN KAMSITISH SIYOSATINING OQIBATLARI
This article analyzes the ideological suppression of religious beliefs and rituals in Uzbekistan during the Soviet period, the restrictions imposed on religious institutions, and their impact on the national consciousness and spiritual life of the Uzbek people. It examines the prohibition of rituals such as circumcision, marriage and funeral ceremonies, the suppression of religious holidays, and the elimination of religious education, which led to the emergence of “ideological duality,” religious illiteracy, and the weakening of identity. The study demonstrates that the Soviet ideological campaigns against religious and spiritual values resulted in long-term socio-cultural consequences.
379-381
22
10
APPLICATION OF INNOVATIVE METHODS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPEECH AND THINKING OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
This article analyzes the importance of innovative pedagogical methods in ensuring the development of speech and thinking in preschool children, their psychological and pedagogical foundations, the use of effective educational technologies and interactive approaches. Also, the role of methods such as STEAM, Montessori, "Mind-mapping", "Storytelling", "Dialogical games" used in modern MTTs in the formation of speech competence is substantiated.
382-389
43
17
XALQARO IQTISODIY SANKSIYALARNING TARIXIY RIVOJLANISHI
Ushbu maqolada xalqaro iqtisodiy sanksiyalarning vujudga kelishi, tarixiy evolyutsiyasi va zamonaviy xalqaro munosabatlardagi o‘rni kompleks tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda sanksiyalarning qadimgi davrlardan boshlab XX asr boshlariga qadar bo‘lgan rivojlanish bosqichlari, Birinchi jahon urushi va Millatlar Ligasi davridagi shakllanish jarayoni, shuningdek, Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkiloti Ustavi qabul qilingandan keyingi davrdagi amaliyoti izchil yoritib berilgan. Maqolada BMT Xavfsizlik Kengashining iqtisodiy sanksiyalar sohasidagi vakolatlari, 1990-yillardan keyingi “Sanksiyalar o‘n yilligi” fenomeni, “aqlli sanksiyalar” (smart sanctions) konsepsiyasining mazmuni va uning afzalliklari hamda kamchiliklari ilmiy asosda tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, BMTdan tashqarida davlatlar tomonidan bir tomonlama tartibda qo‘llanilgan sanksiyalar, xususan, AQSh, Yevropa Ittifoqi, Arab davlatlari, SSSR va Amerika Davlatlari Tashkilotining sanksiyalar siyosati tarixiy misollar asosida ochib berilgan. Tadqiqot yakunida iqtisodiy sanksiyalarning xalqaro huquq bilan uyg‘unligi, suverenitet tamoyiliga ta’siri hamda “ikkinchi darajali sanksiyalar”ning huquqiy bahosi masalalariga alohida e’tibor qaratilgan. Ushbu maqola xalqaro huquq, xalqaro munosabatlar hamda iqtisodiy xavfsizlik masalalarini o‘rganuvchi tadqiqotchilar uchun muhim ilmiy-amaliy ahamiyatga ega.
390-392
29
15
INGLIZ VA O‘ZBEK TILLARIDA KONTEKSTUAL ANTONIMLARNING PRAGMALINGVISTIK XUSUSIYATLARI
This article analyzes the pragmalinguistic features of contextual antonyms in English and Uzbek. It examines how antonymic units function across various communicative situations and how pragmatic, semantic, and cultural factors shape their meaning. The comparative analysis demonstrates that contextual antonyms not only convey logical opposition but also fulfill important communicative and stylistic functions.
261-265
25
21
ARTISTIC INTERPRETATION OF THE IMAGE OF A WOMAN IN THE WORK OF ZULFIYA
This article analyzes the artistic interpretation of the image of a woman in the
work of the folk poetess Zulfiya Israilova. In the life, work and work of the poetess, the image of
a woman is reflected through which she expresses such qualities as humanity, devotion, hard
work, patriotism. In her poems, Zulfiya reflects not only the female psyche, but also the national
identity, the spiritual world of the people. The article, based on an analysis of the poetess's
works, reveals the artistic interpretation of the image of a woman, the system of images and their
poetic content.
work of the folk poetess Zulfiya Israilova. In the life, work and work of the poetess, the image of
a woman is reflected through which she expresses such qualities as humanity, devotion, hard
work, patriotism. In her poems, Zulfiya reflects not only the female psyche, but also the national
identity, the spiritual world of the people. The article, based on an analysis of the poetess's
works, reveals the artistic interpretation of the image of a woman, the system of images and their
poetic content.
69-75
36
13
13-14 YOSHLI FUTBOLCHILARNING ZARBA KUCHINI ANIQLASH BO‘YICHA OLINGAN ANKETA SO‘ROVNOMASI VA “ADIDAS MI COACH SMART BALL” NATIJALARI BO‘YICHA TAVSIYALAR
This study focuses on developing recommendations for improving the
physical strength qualities of football players, particularly leg strength. Analysis of expert
surveys and scientific literature revealed that enhancing leg power is crucial for performing
technical actions effectively on the field. For this purpose, control exercises were conducted
among 13–14-year-old players from the Tashkent Region Football Academy, Tashkent City
Football Academy, and Namangan Region Football Academy. The ball strike force was
measured using the Adidas miCoach Smart Ball. The tests included goal kicks, corner kicks, free
kicks, long-distance shots, and penalty kicks. Players were categorized according to their
positions: goalkeepers, defenders, midfielders, and forwards. Results showed that goalkeepers
from the Tashkent Region Academy achieved an average of 86.5 km/h with the right foot and
84.5 km/h with the left. Players from the Tashkent City Academy reached 84.5–85 km/h, while
those from the Namangan Academy showed 65–74 km/h. In long-distance shots, Tashkent
Region goalkeepers achieved 89.5 km/h. The findings indicate that specialized training programs
are needed to improve leg strength in young football players. These results provide a scientific
basis for optimizing training sessions and improving technical performance in youth football.
physical strength qualities of football players, particularly leg strength. Analysis of expert
surveys and scientific literature revealed that enhancing leg power is crucial for performing
technical actions effectively on the field. For this purpose, control exercises were conducted
among 13–14-year-old players from the Tashkent Region Football Academy, Tashkent City
Football Academy, and Namangan Region Football Academy. The ball strike force was
measured using the Adidas miCoach Smart Ball. The tests included goal kicks, corner kicks, free
kicks, long-distance shots, and penalty kicks. Players were categorized according to their
positions: goalkeepers, defenders, midfielders, and forwards. Results showed that goalkeepers
from the Tashkent Region Academy achieved an average of 86.5 km/h with the right foot and
84.5 km/h with the left. Players from the Tashkent City Academy reached 84.5–85 km/h, while
those from the Namangan Academy showed 65–74 km/h. In long-distance shots, Tashkent
Region goalkeepers achieved 89.5 km/h. The findings indicate that specialized training programs
are needed to improve leg strength in young football players. These results provide a scientific
basis for optimizing training sessions and improving technical performance in youth football.
92-100
31
22
ЯЗЫК КАК ЗЕРКАЛО КУЛЬТУРЫ
Language as a phenomenon of human existence is not only a means of
communication, but also a form of reflection of the culture, thinking and spiritual experience of
the people. This article examines the philosophical understanding of language as a mirror of
culture, its ontological and epistemological functions are revealed. Based on the works of E.
Sepir, V. von Humboldt, M. Heidegger, V. A. Maslova and other researchers, the relationship
between linguistic structures and cultural values
is analyzed, manifested in proverbs,
metaphors, rituals and traditions of various peoples. Particular attention is paid to how national
identity and worldview are formed through language, as well as how the linguistic picture of the
world becomes a reflection of the historical and mental experience of mankind. The study
combines philosophical and cultural approaches, allowing us to consider language as a living
mirror, which reflects culture in all its diversity and depth.
communication, but also a form of reflection of the culture, thinking and spiritual experience of
the people. This article examines the philosophical understanding of language as a mirror of
culture, its ontological and epistemological functions are revealed. Based on the works of E.
Sepir, V. von Humboldt, M. Heidegger, V. A. Maslova and other researchers, the relationship
between linguistic structures and cultural values
is analyzed, manifested in proverbs,
metaphors, rituals and traditions of various peoples. Particular attention is paid to how national
identity and worldview are formed through language, as well as how the linguistic picture of the
world becomes a reflection of the historical and mental experience of mankind. The study
combines philosophical and cultural approaches, allowing us to consider language as a living
mirror, which reflects culture in all its diversity and depth.
393-397
28
10
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE PSYCHOLOGICAL HYGIENE OF MENTAL LABOR
This article analyzes the results of extensive research on the psychological analysis of mental labor. In the field of psychology, we have identified the causes of mental and spiritual labor psychohygiene, various psychological processes. The results of data analysis showed that mental labor psychohygiene largely depends on the mental state of a person. In the course of our research, the principles of psychohygiene and related areas of psychohygiene are studied. Information is provided about mental and physical diseases that occur in a person as a result of violations of mental labor psychohygiene. It is also recommended to perform mental development exercises to prevent violations of mental labor psychohygiene during a person's work.
398-401
33
20
OLIY TA’LIMDA MUSTAQIL FIKRLASHNI SHAKLLANTIRUVCHI ZAMONAVIY METODIKALAR
This article analyzes modern pedagogical methodologies that foster independent thinking among university students. It examines interactive teaching methods, problem-based learning, project-based instruction, case-study approaches, ICT integration, and critical thinking strategies. The study highlights the factors, conditions, and mechanisms necessary for developing students’ intellectual independence in higher education.
402-404
28
14
TIL O‘RGANISHDA MOTIVATSIYA VA PSIXOLOGIK OMILLARNING AHAMIYATI
Mazkur maqolada xorijiy til o‘rganish jarayonida motivatsiya va psixologik omillarning o‘rni, ularning o‘quvchi shaxsiga ta’siri hamda ta’lim sifatiga ko‘rsatadigan ahamiyati yoritilgan. Shuningdek, zamonaviy tadqiqotlar, psixologik nazariyalar va amaliy tajribalar asosida motivatsiyani shakllantirish usullari, o‘qituvchi roli hamda ijobiy psixologik muhit yaratish yo‘llari tahlil qilinadi.
405-407
25
18
INSON HUQUQLARI HIMOYASINING XALQARO HAMJAMIYATDAGI OʻRNI
Ushbu maqolada inson huquqlarini himoya qilish jarayonida xalqaro hamjamiyatning o‘rni, uning asosiy tamoyillari, mexanizmlari hamda O‘zbekiston Respublikasining mazkur yo‘nalishdagi siyosati va qonunchiligi tahlil qilinadi. BMT, YXHT, Yevropa Kengashi kabi xalqaro tashkilotlarning huquqni muhofaza qilishdagi roli, shuningdek, xalqaro huquq va huquq nazariyasi nuqtai nazaridan inson huquqlarining universalligi hamda davlatlarning xalqaro majburiyatlari yoritiladi. Maqola yakunida mazkur tizimning samaradorligini oshirishga doir xulosalar beriladi.
408-418
48
36
BIG DATA TEXNOLOGIYALARI YORDAMIDA AXBOROTLARNI TAHLIL QILISH VA PROGNOZ QILISH MAVZUSINI O‘QITISHDA INTERAKTIV VA AMALIY METODLARDAN FOYDALANISH
Bitiruv ishida “Big Data texnologiyalarini qo‘llash orqali axborotlarni tahlil qilish va prognoz qilish” mavzusining nazariy asoslari va ushbu mavzuni qishloq xo‘jaligi sohasi misolida o‘qitish metodikasi bayon etilgan. Mazkur bitiruv malaka ishida qishloq xo‘jaligi sohasida katta hajmdagi ma’lumotlarni (Big Data) qayta ishlash, tahlil qilish va ularning asosida prognozlar tuzish masalalari yoritilgan. Ishning dolzarbligi shundaki, bugungi kunda raqamli texnologiyalarni joriy etish orqali agrar sohada ishlab chiqarish samaradorligini oshirish, resurslardan oqilona foydalanish va hosildorlikni oldindan bashorat qilish imkoniyatlari kengaymoqda. Tadqiqot ob’ekti sifatida O‘zbekiston qishloq xo‘jaligida hosildorlik, agroiqlimiy omillar, suv resurslari va raqamli monitoring tizimlari ma’lumotlari tahlil qilingan
419-422
28
16
BRAIN ACTIVITY AND THE IMPACT OF EXCESSIVE GADGET USE ON HEALTH
This article explores the impact of excessive gadget use on brain activity and human health, focusing on cognitive functions and psychological well-being. Prolonged use of mobile devices, computers, and tablets negatively affects cognitive processes, memory, attention, thinking speed, and sleep quality. Excessive screen dependence contributes to neurological and psychological issues, including stress, anxiety, fatigue, reduced concentration, and emotional instability.
The article also discusses strategies for managing gadget use, protecting brain health, and developing healthy digital habits, supported by contemporary medical and psychological research.
The article also discusses strategies for managing gadget use, protecting brain health, and developing healthy digital habits, supported by contemporary medical and psychological research.
423-426
27
21
MUSCLE TOPOGRAPHY: FUNCTIONAL GROUPS AND INNERVATION
This article provides a systematic analysis of muscle topography, functional groups, and innervation characteristics. The anatomical distribution of skeletal muscles, their biomechanical functions, and neural regulation through the peripheral nervous system are discussed from a biophysical perspective.
The functional significance of each muscle group, its role in motor activity, and the mechanisms of nerve impulse transmission are described in detail.
The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of musculoskeletal system function, clinical diagnostics, and rehabilitation strategies.
The functional significance of each muscle group, its role in motor activity, and the mechanisms of nerve impulse transmission are described in detail.
The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of musculoskeletal system function, clinical diagnostics, and rehabilitation strategies.
427-430
24
18
GENETIC DISORDERS: DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH AMINO ACID METABOLISM DISRUPTION
This article provides a systematic review of genetic disorders associated with amino acid metabolism dysfunction. Normal amino acid metabolism is essential for vital physiological processes, and its disruption can lead to various clinical symptoms and chronic diseases.
Disorders such as phenylketonuria, homocystinuria, tyrosinemia, and other metabolic abnormalities are associated with neurological impairments, hepatic and renal dysfunction, and cardiometabolic complications. The article details the pathophysiology, molecular mechanisms, genetic basis, and diagnostic approaches of these disorders. Additionally, it discusses early detection strategies and individualized treatment options through genetic testing and metabolic monitoring.
Disorders such as phenylketonuria, homocystinuria, tyrosinemia, and other metabolic abnormalities are associated with neurological impairments, hepatic and renal dysfunction, and cardiometabolic complications. The article details the pathophysiology, molecular mechanisms, genetic basis, and diagnostic approaches of these disorders. Additionally, it discusses early detection strategies and individualized treatment options through genetic testing and metabolic monitoring.
431-438
32
16
THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ISSUES OF PRESERVING AND RESTORING TRADITIONAL DECORATIVE TECHNIQUES (GANCH, MAYOLICA, MOSAIC)
Plaster carving (ganch), maiolica, and mosaic occupy a special place in world culture within Central Asian architecture. This article analyzes the development of these decorative techniques in Uzbekistan, their aesthetic and technological features, as well as the processes of deterioration. Modern principles of restoration and conservation, as well as their compliance with international standards (Venice Charter, Nara Declaration, ICOMOS recommendations), are examined. Examples include the Registan ensemble, Mir Arab Madrasah, and the monuments of Ichan-Qala. The composition of materials and technological approaches have been identified, and scientifically based recommendations for their preservation have been developed. The article contributes to the effective conservation and restoration of historical decorative elements.
439-441
22
13
THE PRACTICE OF USING PARALLEL CORPORA IN SIMULTANEOUS TRANSLATION
The practice of using parallel corpora in simultaneous translation represents a modern, data-driven approach aimed at improving translation quality and interpreter performance. Parallel corpora — collections of bilingual or multilingual texts aligned at the sentence or discourse level — provide an opportunity to analyze authentic linguistic correspondences within the translation process. Through such corpora, interpreters can study lexical equivalence, syntactic transformations, idiomatic expressions, and pragmatic adaptations. In the field of simultaneous translation, parallel corpora help interpreters expand their vocabulary, develop context-based translation strategies, and strengthen the cognitive flexibility required for real-time interpreting. Moreover, they serve as an essential source for creating specialized glossaries and educational materials in domains such as law, medicine, and diplomacy. Integrating corpus-based methods into interpreter training programs supports empirical analysis of translation phenomena and promotes evidence-based teaching in translation studies. Thus, the use of parallel corpora contributes to achieving linguistic accuracy, consistency, and a stronger link between translation theory and practice.
119-123
30
19
THE HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE OF THE BUKHARA EMIRATE DURING THE REIGN OF AMIR HAYDAR
This article analyzes the political activities, military campaigns, reforms in state administration, and internal conflicts that arose during the reign of Amir Haydar, who ascended the throne of Bukhara after the death of Amir Shahmurad, based on historical sources. Although the regional governors' desire for independence, internal discord, and regular uprisings continued during the reign of Amir Haydar, he pursued an active policy of restoring Sharia-based governance, strengthening discipline, and suppressing uprisings. The study serves to determine the place of Amir Haydar's activities in historical historiography.
113-116
39
19
O'ZBEK VA INGLIZ MAQOLLARINING AHAMIYATI VA LINGVOMADANIY QIYMATI
Ushbu maqola o'zbek va ingliz maqollarining lingvistik va madaniy ahamiyatini qiyosiy tahlil qilishga bag'ishlangan. Tadqiqot maqollarning til tizimida tutgan o'rni, madaniy xotira saqlovchisi sifatidagi funksiyasi hamda milliy dunyoqarashni aks ettirishidagi roli masalalarini ko'rib chiqadi. Qiyosiy tahlil natijasida ikkala til maqollari umumbashariy qadriyatlarni ifodalashda o'xshashlik namoyish etishi bilan birga, o'ziga xos madaniy-tarixiy kontekst va qiymat tizimlarini aks ettirishda farqlanishi aniqlandi.
117-118
39
19
POSTMODERNIZM DAVRIDA METAFIKSIYA VOSITASINING ADABIYOTDA QO’LLANILISHI
Ushbu ish postmodernizm davrida metafiksiya janrining adabiyotdagi rivojlanishi va qo‘llanilishini o‘rganishga bag‘ishlangan. Ishda metafiksiyaning nazariy asoslari, asosiy xususiyatlari, shakllari va uning jahon hamda o‘zbek adabiyotidagi namunalari tahlil qilinadi. Metafiksiya janri muallif, matn va o‘quvchi o‘rtasidagi murakkab munosabatlarni ko‘rsatish, matnning sun’iyligini ochib berish va o‘quvchini ijodiy jarayonga jalb qilish orqali postmodern adabiyotning markaziy hodisasiga aylangan. Ishda ingliz adabiyotidagi John Fowles, John Barth kabi yozuvchilar va o‘zbek adabiyotida Isajon Sulton, Hamid Ismoilov, Xurshid Davron kabi ijodkorlar misollarida metafiksiyaning amaliy qo‘llanilishi ko‘rib chiqiladi.
124-126
39
14
TEACHING METHODS FOR INSTRUCTING SCHOOL STUDENTS IN UNDERARM VOLLEYBALL PASSING TECHNIQUE.
This thesis explores effective pedagogical methods for teaching the underarm passing (forearm pass) technique in volleyball to school-aged students. It examines biomechanical foundations, stages of motor skills formation, age-specific characteristics, methodological principles, instructional strategies, and practice-based recommendations. The paper emphasizes the importance of systematic approach, progressive skill development, and educational technologies in improving students’ technical proficiency and physical readiness. The study aims to enhance teaching quality in school volleyball programs and support students’ motor competence and sports engagement.
127-128
39
12
KURASHDAGI TAKTIK HARAKATLAR TASNIFI VA MAZMUNI
Qat’iy hujumkorlik harakatlari, mudofaa – himoya va qarshi hujum harakati asosiy taktik harakatlardir. Hujum qilishdagi oddiy hujum usuli va harakatlariga ko‘proq bir sur’atda bajariladigan va bir taktik vazifani hal qiladigan ayrim uloqtirishlar kiradi. Ular chil, supurma usullari bilan va ko‘tarib uloqtirish; bir siltab ko‘tarib olib, engashib yelkadan oshirib uloqtirish usullaridir.
Hujum qilishdagi murakkab hujum usuli va harakatlari – bular ikki tezlikda aldash, soxta harakatlar bilan birgalikda bajariladigan uloqtirish hamda turli xil kombinatsiyalar – usullar majmuidan iborat. Himoya usuli va harakatlari himoya va qarshi hujum harakatlaridir.
Hujum qilishdagi murakkab hujum usuli va harakatlari – bular ikki tezlikda aldash, soxta harakatlar bilan birgalikda bajariladigan uloqtirish hamda turli xil kombinatsiyalar – usullar majmuidan iborat. Himoya usuli va harakatlari himoya va qarshi hujum harakatlaridir.
129-131
27
20
YOSH FUTBOLCHILARDA CHAQQONLIK VA TEZKORLIK SIFATLARINI RIVOJLANTIRISH METODIKASINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH
Ushbu tezisda yosh futbolchilarda chaqqonlik va tezkorlik sifatlarini shakllantirish, rivojlantirishga doir zamonaviy metodikalar, mashg‘ulot jarayonining ilmiy asoslari, yoshga xos jismoniy rivojlanish xususiyatlari hamda mashqlarni to‘g‘ri tanlash prinsiplari tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot natijalari futbolchilar tezkorligi va harakat reaksiyasi sifatlarini oshirishda kompleks yondashuvning muhimligini ko‘rsatadi.
132-134
34
19
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF STYLISTIC DEVICES IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH LITERARY TEXTS
This thesis explores the comparative use of stylistic devices in Uzbek and English literary texts. The study aims to identify the similarities and differences in the application of figures of speech, rhetorical techniques, and literary stylistic elements in both languages. By analyzing selected texts from classical and contemporary authors, this research highlights how cultural, historical, and linguistic contexts shape stylistic expression. The study also investigates the challenges of translation and cross-cultural interpretation. The findings have implications for literary translation, education, and intercultural understanding.
135-138
34
37
AKMEOLOGIK YODASHUV ASOSIDA O'QUVCHILARNI KASBIY FAOLIYATGA TAYYORLASH METODIKASI
This article analyzes the content and essence of the methodology for preparing students for professional activity based on the acmeological approach, and the necessary methods for preparing students for professional activity through the use of acmeological methods in the pedagogical process are also cited as examples. The information and recommendations presented in this article serve as necessary information for masters of higher education, teachers, and researchers conducting scientific work on this topic.
139-141
36
15
SOTSIOPRAGMATIKADA METAFORALARNING AHAMIYATI
This article explores the crucial role of metaphors in sociopragmatics, emphasizing how metaphorical thinking shapes social meaning, interactional norms, and communicative behavior within cultural contexts. Drawing on cognitive and cultural linguistic perspectives, the study demonstrates that metaphors function as essential tools for conceptualizing abstract social concepts such as power, politeness, hierarchy, and interpersonal relationships. Metaphors not only encode cultural values and collective experiences but also guide face-management strategies, influence politeness conventions, and facilitate indirect communication. Furthermore, metaphor systems vary across cultures, making them central to understanding intercultural communication and preventing pragmatic misunderstanding. By highlighting the interplay between metaphor, cognition, and social norms, the article contributes to a deeper understanding of how language constructs and negotiates social reality in both interpersonal and institutional discourse.
142-143
23
61
GULJAMOL ASQAROVA SHE’RLARIDA METAFORALARNING USLUBIY XUSUSIYATLARI
O‘zbek zamonaviy she’riyati taraqqiyotida ayol ruhiy olamining badiiy talqini yuksak darajada ifodalangan ijodkorlar ko‘p, biroq har bir ijodkorning o‘ziga xos uslubi bor. Shuday ijodkorlardan biri Guljamol Asqarovadir.
144-145
27
15
ЗАМОНАВИЙ ХОМ АШЁЛАРДАН ТАЙЁРЛАНГАН ОЛИБ ҚЎЙИЛАДИГАН ПРОТЕЗЛАР ВА УЛАРНИНГ АФЗАЛЛИКЛАРИ
Олиб қўйиладиган дентал протезлар стоматология амалиётида кўп йиллардан буён қўлланилиб келинса-да, сўнгги асрда материалшунослик ва биомеханика соҳасидаги янгиликлар бу конструкцияларнинг функционал ва эстетик кўрсаткичларини сезиларли даражада яхшилади.
146-148
38
19
«ǴÁRIP ASHIQ» DÁSTANINDA TROPLARDIŃ QOLLANILIW ÓZGESHELIKLERI
Bul maqalada Ǵárip ashıq dástanında ayırım troplardıń qollanılıwı ózgeshelikleri hám ózine tánligi sóz etiledi.
149-151
29
26
NEYROPSIXOLOGIYADA MIYA TUZILMALARI VA KOGNITIV JARAYONLAR O‘RTASIDAGI O‘ZARO BOG‘LIQLIK
This article provides a theoretical analysis of one of the key areas of neuropsychology — the relationship between brain structures and cognitive processes. The study examines the connection between cognitive functions such as memory, attention, speech, perception, and thinking and different areas of the cerebral cortex. The research is based on the scientific works of A.R. Luria, L.S. Vygotsky, R. Sperry, O. Sacks, and E. Goldberg. In this study it is highlighted the theoretical and practical significance of neuropsychological approaches.
152-154
25
19
TA’LIM JARAYONIDA NEYROPSIXOLOGIK YONDASHUVNING DOLZARBLIGI
This thesis examines the relevance of a neuropsychological approach in the educational process. It analyzes the relationship between learning and brain activity, the importance of considering students’ individual neuropsychological characteristics, and the role of modern neuropsychological knowledge in teaching practice. The study also discusses the use of neuropsychological methods to address learning difficulties.
155-157
36
15
THE ART OF TRAGEDY IN THE LITERARY HERITAGE OF EDGAR ALLAN POE
Edgar Allan Poe’s contribution in the development of tragic mood in American literature is enormous. Especially his short story ‘The Tell-Tale Heart’ not only signals the start of psychological horror but also characterizes one of the most stylistic features in the examples of Gothic literature. This paper explores the issue of tragic life and fictional representation of the guilt and conscience in his short story “The Tell-Tale Heart” (1843). It demonstrates how Poe constructs tragic atmosphere through a unique combination of psychological depth, symbolic imagery, and stylistic precision.
158-161
16
11
NARRATIVE SEQUENCING IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK DETECTIVE PROSE
Narrative sequencing is very important in detective fiction because the genre depends on how information is revealed, how suspense is created, and how the story moves toward a solution. This article compares narrative sequencing in English detective fiction and modern Uzbek detective prose. It analyzes works by Edgar Allan Poe, Arthur Conan Doyle, and Agatha Christie, as well as Uzbek writers such as Tohir Malik, Tolibjon Yoqubov, and Nodir Normatov. The study explores how events are arranged, delayed, or explained to help readers understand the mystery. It argues that English detective fiction usually follows a carefully organized, puzzle-based structure, while Uzbek detective prose often uses a more linear investigation combined with social and moral themes. Through comparison, the article shows both similarities and differences in narrative techniques, explaining how storytelling reflects cultural traditions, social issues, and reader expectations.
162-162
26
12
ОТАЛИКНИ БЕЛГИЛАШ — БОЛА ҲУҚУҚЛАРИНИНГ КАФОЛАТИ
Боланинг тўлиқ ва қонуний ҳуқуқларга эга бўлишида оталикни белгилаш муҳим аҳамиятга эга. Оталикни белгилаш орқали боланинг шахсий, мулкий ва ижтимоий ҳуқуқлари қонунан ҳимоя қилинади.
163-163
28
11
НИКОҲ ШАРТНОМАСИ — ОИЛАВИЙ МУНОСАБАТЛАРДА ҲУҚУҚИЙ КАФОЛАТ
Бугунги кунда оилавий муносабатларни қонуний асосда мустаҳкамлаш масаласига алоҳида эътибор қаратилмоқда. Шу нуқтаи назардан, никоҳ шартномаси эр-хотин ўртасидаги мулкий ва ҳуқуқий муносабатларни тартибга солувчи муҳим ҳужжат ҳисобланади.
164-164
24
6
ЭРТА ТУРМУШ — КЕЛАЖАККА ТАҲДИД
Бугунги кунда эрта турмуш масаласи жамиятимизда долзарб муаммолардан бири бўлиб қолмоқда. Ёшларнинг жисмоний, руҳий ва ижтимоий жиҳатдан тўлиқ тайёр бўлмасдан оила қуриши кўплаб салбий оқибатларга сабаб бўлмоқда.
165-167
32
11
"DAVLAT XIZMATLARINING RAQAMLASHTIRILISHI: E-GOV TIZIMI VA AHOLIGA QULAYLIKLAR"
Hozirgi kunda texnologiyalarning tezkor rivojlanishi, davlat xizmatlarining raqamlashtirilishi jarayonini tezlashtirdi. Xususan, Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi ham davlat xizmatlarini raqamlashtirishga katta e’tibor qaratmoqda. "E-gov" tizimi, ya'ni elektron hukumat, davlat xizmatlarini aholiga eng samarali va qulay shaklda taqdim etish uchun yaratilgan tizimdir.
168-170
23
11
YURIDIK XIZMATLAR SOHASIDA RAQAMLI TRANSFORMATSIYANING DAVLAT-XUSUSIY SHERIKCHILIK HUQUQIGA TA’SIRI
Hozirgi kunda zamon shiddat bilan rivojlanayotgan bir paytda tur xil kompaniyalar o‘rtasida ham raqobat anchagina ildamlab ketdi. Bunda anchagina ko‘p holatlarda raqamli transformatsiyalarni o`z o`rnida va samarali foydalanganlargina muvaffaqiyat qozonib, boshqa raqobatchilaridan bir qadam ustun bo`lishini tajribalar shu kungacha ko’rsatib kelgan. Shu payt barchamizga bir savol tug‘iladi, xo`sh “Raqamli transformatsiya” o`zi nima?
483-488
27
13
O‘SMIRLARDAGI AGRESSIV XULQ-ATVORNING O‘RGANILGANLIGI VA MAZKUR MUAMMONING METODOLOGIK ASOSI
This article analyzes the role of the family in the manifestation of aggressive behavior in adolescents, presents the scientific research works of psychologists who have conducted scientific research on this topic, and the opinions of psychologists. In addition, the factors that cause aggression in adolescence are discussed, and suggestions and recommendations are given to solve them.
489-498
31
9
YOSHLARGA OID DAVLAT SIYOSATI SOHASIDA AMALGA OSHIRILAYOTGAN LOYIHALARNI MOLIYALASHTIRISHNI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH
Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasida yoshlarga oid davlat siyosati doirasida amalga oshirilayotgan loyihalar moliyalashtirish tizimining hozirgi holati, mavjud muammolar va ularni bartaraf etish yo‘nalishlari tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot davomida davlat byudjeti, maxsus jamg‘armalar, xalqaro tashkilotlar granti, imtiyozli kredit liniyalari hamda xususiy sektor mablag‘lari kabi moliyaviy manbalar tarkibi o‘rganildi. Amaldagi tizimda resurslarning diversifikatsiya darajasining pastligi, monitoring va samaradorlik indikatorlarining yetarli darajada shakllanmagani, yosh tadbirkorlar uchun moliyaviy savodxonlikning sustligi kabi muammoli jihatlar aniqlangan. Muallif tomonidan moliyalashtirish mexanizmlarini takomillashtirish bo‘yicha bir qator takliflar – moliyalashtirish manbalarini kengaytirish, raqamli monitoring tizimlarini joriy etish, grant va kreditlar samaradorligini baholash indeksini yaratish, startap ekotizimini rivojlantirish hamda xalqaro moliyaviy institutlar bilan hamkorlikni kuchaytirish – ilgari suriladi. Tadqiqot natijalari yoshlarga oid davlat siyosatining moliyaviy barqarorligini oshirish, loyihalarning real ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy ta’sirini kuchaytirish hamda yoshlarga ko‘rsatilayotgan davlat qo‘llab-quvvatlash mexanizmlarini samarali optimallashtirishga xizmat qiladi.
499-501
26
11
ENERGIYA TIZIMLARIDA NO-CHIZIQLI DASTURLASH ASOSIDA ENERGIYA BALANSINI OPTIMALLASHTIRISH ALGORITMLAR
Ushbu maqolada energiya tizimlarida qayta tiklanuvchi manbalar ulushi ortib borayotgan sharoitda energiya balansini samarali boshqarish masalasi no-chiziqli dasturlash (NLP) asosida o‘rganildi. Quyosh panellari samaradorligi, invertorlarning foydali ish koeffitsienti, batareya akkumulyatorlarining degradatsiya jarayoni va elektr tarmoqlaridagi quvvat oqimlari fizik tabiatiga ko‘ra chiziqli bo‘lmagan munosabatlar orqali ifodalanadi. Shu sababli an’anaviy chiziqli modellar energiya tizimining real dinamikasini to‘liq aks ettira olmaydi. Maqolada NLP ning matematik asoslari, energiya tizimlari uchun maqsad funksiyasi va cheklovlar tuzilmasi, batareya degradatsiyasi, quyosh generatorlarining haroratga bog‘liq ishlab chiqarishi hamda quvvat oqimi tenglamalarini modellashtirish masalalari batafsil yoritildi. Tadqiqot natijalari NLP yondashuvi batareya resursini tejash, energiya yo‘qotishlarini minimallashtirish va tarmoq barqarorligini oshirish imkonini berishini ko‘rsatdi. NLP asosidagi optimallashtirish algoritmlari energiya tizimlarining iqtisodiy samaradorligini sezilarli oshirib, kelajakdagi aqlli energetika tizimlarida muhim o‘rin tutishi isbotlandi.
502-503
31
14
DEVELOPING PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ LISTENING COMPREHENSION COMPETENCE IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE THROUGH AN ANIMATION-BASED APPROACH.
This article explores the effectiveness of animation-based instructional methods in developing listening comprehension competence among primary school learners studying a foreign language. As young learners are naturally drawn to visual and dynamic stimuli, integrating animated materials into language lessons can enhance motivation, improve comprehension, and foster long-term retention. The study highlights theoretical foundations, practical techniques, and pedagogical advantages of using animation as a tool for foreign language acquisition.
504-508
20
8
АВТОМОБИЛЬ ЙЎЛЛАРИ ҚУРИЛИШ СОҲАСИДА ШАҲАРСОЗЛИК НОРМАЛАРИ ВА РЕСУРС СМЕТА НОРМАЛАРИНИНГ АҲАМИЯТИ ВА МУАММОЛАРИ
This article analyzes the scientific and practical issues related to urban development standards, technical control, resource estimation standards and their practical application in the field of highway construction. The dangers of corruption in this field, ensuring legality in the relationship between the contractor and consulting engineer, and the actual aspects of the introduction of innovative technologies and international standards in road construction are highlighted. Laboratory control, use of geosynthetic materials, cage and densification technologies, and the legal and economic basis of Resource Estimate Norms (RESM) were thoroughly examined in the study. The article also developed scientifically based suggestions and recommendations for the development of the industry.
509-512
26
26
DNA AND RNA: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, AND BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE
This article discusses the structure, functions, and biological significance of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) in living organisms. It provides detailed information about the chemical composition of nucleic acids, their role in the storage, transmission, and expression of hereditary information, and explains the relationship between DNA and RNA, their role in protein synthesis, and their applications in biotechnology, genetics, and medicine.
513-515
32
13
MORPHO-BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND AGRONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) – A PLANT THAT FACES THE SUN
This article examines the origin, morphological and anatomical structure, biological and physiological characteristics, ecological requirements, breeding directions, and economic importance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). As one of the world’s most significant oilseed crops, sunflower is widely utilized in food, technical industries, livestock production, and biofuel manufacturing. The study also highlights growth stages, photosynthesis, heliotropism, adaptability, and cultivation techniques.
516-519
40
17
METHODS OF ORGANIZING FIELDWORK IN ZOOLOGY
The article provides a detailed analysis of methods for organizing fieldwork in zoology and highlights their practical and scientific significance. Fieldwork allows students to directly study animal species, their habitats, behaviors, and ecological interactions. The article also describes methodological approaches that help develop students’ observational, analytical, research, and ecological skills, including observation, organized expeditions, biological stations, photo and video monitoring, and the use of modern technologies. Special attention is given to the pedagogical importance of fieldwork, adherence to safety rules, and ecological ethics. The role of fieldwork in consolidating students’ biological knowledge, preparing scientific reports, and promoting the conservation of biodiversity is emphasized.
520-522
24
20
“METHODS OF TEACHING BIOLOGY: PRACTICAL APPROACHES AND THEIR TYPES”
Biology, as a natural science studying living organisms and their vital processes, contributes to the development of students' logical thinking, observation, analysis, and experimental skills. Therefore, effective teaching of biology requires the use of not only theoretical but also practical methods. Practical methods enable students to comprehend the essence of the subject in practice, consolidate their knowledge, and prepare for scientific research.
407-409
40
12
ЭТНИЧЕСКИЙ СОСТАВ КОКАНДСКОГО ХАНСТВА.
Одной из главных задач исторической науки было осмысление этнической истории. В статье указываются этнические процессы кокандского ханства.
410-412
22
11
IMPACT OF INTRAUTERINE INFECTIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERINATAL CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PATHOLOGY.
The study investigates the neurological outcomes in newborns exposed to intrauterine infectious agents. The objective was to determine the patterns of brain injury and identify predictive markers associated with the severity of neurological impairment. A comprehensive analysis of clinical, laboratory and neuroimaging data was conducted. The results demonstrate that fetal CNS injury is driven by both direct pathogen-related cytotoxicity and inflammation-mediated disruption of neurodevelopmental processes.
413-416
35
18
THE EVOLUTION OF CORPUS LINGUISTICS AS A FIELD
Corpus linguistics has developed from a supplementary research method into a major empirical approach within modern linguistics. This article traces the historical evolution of corpus linguistics from its early foundations to the era of web-based, multimodal, and AI-driven corpora. It highlights major milestones, methodological innovations, theoretical contributions, and contemporary applications. The discussion also addresses current debates regarding representativeness, ethical concerns, and the future direction of corpus-based research. The article demonstrates how corpus linguistics has shaped the analysis of real-world language use and has become central to computational linguistics, lexicography, sociolinguistics, and language teaching.
417-421
32
11
THE DIDACTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE AUTHOR TRACE ANALYSIS METHOD IN LITERARY WORKS
The article examines the method of “author-trace analysis” as one of the effective approaches to studying a literary work in school and higher literary pedagogy. This method makes it possible to trace the writer’s creative intent and reconstruct the causal relationships between the author’s biography, the historical-cultural context, and the content of the text. Special attention is paid to the stages of analysis: reconstruction of the author’s position, identification of artistic dominants, and determination of the author’s worldview and aesthetic guidelines. The significance of the method in developing students’ reading competence, analytical and critical thinking is demonstrated.
422-426
35
17
TEZKOR QIDIRUV TADBIRLARI USTIDAN SUD NAZORATINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH: O'ZBEKISTON QONUNCHILIGINI XALQARO STANDARTLARGA MUVOFIQLASHTIRISH YO'NALISHLARI
This article analyzes the issues of improving the mechanisms of judicial control over operational search measures in the Republic of Uzbekistan in the context of international standards and best practices. The article analyzes the practice of the European Court of Human Rights, the experiences of the USA and Germany, as well as the reform processes in the judicial system of Uzbekistan. The results indicate the need to strengthen judicial control over operational search measures, improve the mechanisms for protecting individual rights and freedoms.
427-433
38
10
VASIYATNOMA TUZISHNING AHAMIYATI
Mazkur maqolada vasiyatnoma institutining huquqiy mohiyati, uning tuzilishi, shakllari hamda amaldagi qonunchilikdagi o‘rni tahlil qilinadi. Vasiyat qoldiruvchining shaxsiy irodasini ifodalovchi hujjat sifatida vasiyatnomaning ahamiyati, uni rasmiylashtirish tartibi va yuridik kuchga ega bo‘lish shartlari batafsil yoritiladi. Shuningdek, vasiyatnomani haqiqiy deb topish yoki haqiqiy emas deb e’tirof etish bilan bog‘liq holatlar, merosxo‘rlar o‘rtasida kelib chiqadigan huquqiy nizolar va ularni bartaraf etish mexanizmlari tahliliy yondashuv asosida ko‘rib chiqiladi. Maqola vasiyatnoma bilan bog‘liq amaliy muammolarni yoritib, ushbu institutni takomillashtirish bo‘yicha taklif va tavsiyalarni ilgari suradi
434-440
33
12
THE IMPACT OF IMPROVING THE INVESTMENT CLIMATE ON FDI INFLOWS
This article explains why and how foreign direct investment increases when a country’s investment climate improves. The study examines factors such as legislative stability, a favorable tax system, infrastructure development, and conditions created for doing business. The findings show that as the economic environment improves, investor willingness to bring in capital rises, competition intensifies, and economic growth accelerates. The article emphasizes that creating a transparent market, ensuring property rights protection, and establishing a reliable business environment are among the most crucial factors in enhancing a country’s investment attractiveness.
441-443
24
7
DAVLATNING KELIB CHIQISHI VA RIVOJLANISH NAZARIYALARI VA ZAMONAVIY YONDASHUVLAR
The article presents classical articles on the origin of the state and modern external analyses of its development process. Based on historical, philosophical and legal sources, the content of patriarchal, theocratic, social society, violence, experience and organic theories is covered, the evolution of economic systems and modern scientific views on social institutions are considered. The article aims to reveal the complex socio-legal nature of the state, to show the specific similarities of various theories and to create conceptual works on the development of the state in the present era.
444-446
26
10
GENDER TENGLIGI SIYOSATINING HUQUQIY POYDEVORI
This article analyzes the legal foundations of gender equality policy, the role of the state in its formation and development. The content of the normative and legal framework guaranteeing equal rights and opportunities for women and men in the Republic of Uzbekistan, in particular the Constitution, the Law "On Guarantees of Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men" and other relevant regulatory documents, is disclosed. The article is aimed at highlighting the legal mechanisms, institutions and practical significance of gender policy implementation in society, and it is argued that ensuring gender equality is one of the priority areas of state policy.
447-450
26
23
DIE RELEVANZ INTERDISZIPLINÄRER VERBINDUNGEN IM FREMDSPRACHENERWERB: EINE ANALYSE AM BEISPIEL DES ENGLISCHEN UND DEUTSCHEN
Diese wissenschaftliche Arbeit widmet sich einer umfassenden Analyse der interdisziplinären Verbindungen im Fremdsprachenerwerb und zeigt anhand der beiden eng verwandten, jedoch strukturell und kulturell unterschiedlich geprägten Sprachen Englisch und Deutsch, inwiefern integrative Ansätze, die Inhalte, Methoden und Denkweisen verschiedener Fachgebiete vernetzen, zur Steigerung der Lernmotivation, zur Vertiefung des sprachlichen Bewusstseins und zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung kommunikativer sowie kognitiver Kompetenzen beitragen, wobei besonderer Wert auf die Darstellung der theoretischen Grundlagen sowie auf die empirisch belegte Bedeutung fachübergreifender Lernkontexte gelegt wird.
451-453
29
7
РАЗРАБОТКА ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОГО ЧАТ-БОТА-КОНСУЛЬТАНТА ДЛЯ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССОВ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА
В работе рассматривается разработка интеллектуального чат-бота-консультанта, предназначенного для оптимизации бизнес-процессов с использованием технологий искусственного интеллекта. Проект направлен на автоматизацию анализа текущих операций компании, выявление узких мест и формирование рекомендаций по повышению эффективности. Основное внимание уделяется применению машинного обучения, обработке естественного языка и интеграции чат-бота с корпоративными информационными системами. Представлены архитектура решения, ключевые функциональные модули, а также преимущества использования интеллектуального консультационного помощника. Результаты исследования подтверждают, что внедрение подобного чат-бота способно значительно снизить операционные издержки и повысить качество управленческих решений.
454-459
29
12
THE IMPORTANCE AND RELEVANCE OF MUSIC
In this article, I would like to show how important music and art are in human life. It is also the main factor that gives a person aesthetic pleasure and nourishes the human soul.
Based on their abilities, they try to work in the direction or style they want, and when determining their abilities, they are divided into directions based on their interests.
Based on their abilities, they try to work in the direction or style they want, and when determining their abilities, they are divided into directions based on their interests.
460-463
30
14
“MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NEMATODE SPECIES BELONGING TO THE GENUS MESORHABDITIS (OSCHE, 1952) ISOLATED FROM THE RHIZOSPHERE OF WILD ROSE (ROSA CANINA L.) IN THE CONDITIONS OF SURKHANDARYA REGION”
This research focuses on the morphological and biological characteristics of nematode species belonging to the genus Mesorhabditis (Osche, 1952), isolated from the rhizosphere of the wild medicinal plant rosehip (Rosa canina L.) growing under the environmental conditions of the Surkhandarya region. Soil–rhizosphere samples were collected using standard nematological extraction techniques, followed by laboratory-based morphometric, microscopic, and taxonomic identification analyses. The obtained results clarified essential morphological traits of Mesorhabditis species, including body structure, stoma and esophageal morphology, reproductive system organization, and biometric measurements. Furthermore, the study revealed developmental stages, reproductive biology, and ecological functions of these nematodes within the rhizosphere biocenosis. The findings contribute to the understanding of nematode biodiversity associated with wild medicinal plants in Surkhandarya and provide region-specific diagnostic criteria for species-level characterization of the genus Mesorhabditis.
464-466
28
15
TURKIYA TA’LIM TIZIMIDAGI ZAMONAVIY ISLOHOTLAR
Maqolada Turkiya ta’lim tizimida olib borilayotgan zamonaviy islohotlar – raqamlashtirish, kompetensiyaga asoslangan o‘qitish, o‘qituvchilar malakasini oshirish va ta’lim sifatini nazorat qilish mexanizmlari tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, Turkiya tajribasi Finlyandiya, Janubiy Koreya va boshqa ilg‘or davlatlar ta’lim tizimi bilan qiyosiy o‘rganiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari Turkiya islohotlarining samaradorligi hamda ularning O‘zbekiston ta’lim tizimi uchun ahamiyatli jihatlarini yoritadi.
467-471
33
16
CHET TILI DARSLARIDA O'QITUVCHI-TALABA INTERAKSIYASINING SAMARALI SHAKLLARI: ZAMONAVIY UNIVERSITET AMALIYOTI TAHLILI
This article analyzes various forms of pedagogical interaction between teachers and students in foreign language teaching. The communicative, collaborative and technologically-based interaction models used in modern university practice are theoretically studied. According to the results of the study, the success of teacher-student interaction depends on the integrated application of the principles of creating a communicative environment, ensuring an individual approach and providing regular feedback.
472-479
26
13
ПИЛЛА ЧУВИШ ДАСТГОҲИНИНГ ЗОНАЛАРИДАГИ ИПНИНГ ТАРАНГЛИКЛАРНИ НАЗАРИЙ ҲИСОБЛАШ
Ушбу мақолада пилла қуртининг маҳаллий навлари пилласидан замонавий пилла ўраш машиналарида хом ипак сифат кўрсаткичларини баҳолаш ишлаб чиқиш бўйича олиб борилган илмий-тадқиқот ишлари натижалари келтирилган. Тадқиқот доирасида пилла ипларининг чизиқли зичлиги ЎзНИИШП ЛC тизимининг лаборатория пилланинг жонли ва қуруқ технологик кўрсаткичлари ўрганилди. Пиллаларни ўрганиш натижаларига кўра пиллалар сони, яъни чизиқли зичлиги 1,56 ва 1,89 текс бўлган ипак хомашёсини ечишда қайта ўраш машинасининг ушлагичи остида аниқланган. Шунингдек, махалий пиллалардан ишлаб чиқарилган хом ипак сифат кўрсаткичларини тадқиқ қилинди.
480-482
23
17
CHET TILLARINI BILISHNING YOSHLAR UCHUN DOLZARBLIGI
This article discusses the importance of foreign language proficiency among young people. It emphasizes that in the era of globalization, learning foreign languages is a crucial factor for competitiveness, international communication, and access to modern knowledge. The article explains the role of foreign languages in education, science, professional growth, and intercultural relations, and includes supporting quotations. It also highlights the attention given by the state to improving language education in Uzbekistan. The conclusion states that knowing a foreign language is a key to broadening one’s worldview and fostering personal development in youth.
442-444
24
12
ЗАЩИТА ДЕТСКОГО И ВЗРОСЛОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ОТ НЕОБОСНОВАННОГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ АНТИБИОТИКОВ В ПЕРИОД ОРВИ
В статье рассматриваются вопросы необоснованного назначения антибиотиков при острых респираторных вирусных инфекциях (ОРВИ) результат изучения лечения 17 случаев ОРВИ. Осложнения которые остаются после лечения антибиотиками такие как дисбактериоз, снижение иммунитета, аллергические заболевания, поражения печени и почек, грибковые заболевания и антибиотикорезистентность. Целью работы является обоснование необходимости внедрения мониторинга назначений антибиотиков детям и взрослым в поликлиниках в период ОРВИ.
445-447
28
10
FORMATION OF MORAL QUALITIES OF YOUNG PEOPLE BASED ON FOLK SONGS.
The article provides a broad overview of the state youth policy programs currently being implemented by the government, the comprehensive study of art, music, and the spiritual and moral education of the younger generation on a large scale, and the formation of young people's spiritual and moral qualities based on folk songs.
448-450
28
13
DOCUMENT LANGUAGE AND SPEECH CULTURE
This article discusses the role of document language and speech culture in modern management processes. It analyzes the need for documents to be structured in accordance with the requirements of official style, clarity, conciseness, logic, and adherence to stylistic standards on a scientific basis. Also, factors such as adherence to literary language standards in official business, avoiding repetition, redundancy, and ambiguity in the text of documents, and the correct use of terms and expressions are indicated as important indicators of speech culture. The article provides suggestions and comments on ensuring efficiency in departmental communication and facilitating the management process by improving the quality of document language.
451-457
27
21
2KOXLEAR IMPLANTATSIYADAN OLDIN VA KEYIN CHUQUR KARLIK BILAN OG‘RIGAN BOLALARDA PSIXO-NUTQ BUZILISHLARINING OLDINI OLISH MEHANIZMLARI
This article presents a scientific study of the latest data on systemic rehabilitation after cochlear implantation (CI), the most effective method for treating deafness.
This problem has only been addressed in the last decade. Immediately after CI surgery, a child cannot understand speech or speak correctly because they cannot distinguish the sounds of the surrounding world. Systematic rehabilitation exercises are necessary after the surgery. An analysis of the current state of modern technologies, taking into account the small number of patients undergoing the surgery, allows us to determine whether this method has a future.
This problem has only been addressed in the last decade. Immediately after CI surgery, a child cannot understand speech or speak correctly because they cannot distinguish the sounds of the surrounding world. Systematic rehabilitation exercises are necessary after the surgery. An analysis of the current state of modern technologies, taking into account the small number of patients undergoing the surgery, allows us to determine whether this method has a future.
458-464
17
13
ANALYSIS OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR CREATING A HEALTHY COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT AMONG STUDENTS
This article analyzes the scientific and methodological foundations of creating a healthy competitive environment among students within the modern educational system. The study explores how structured and pedagogically managed competition can enhance learners’ motivation, academic performance, and social interaction. Special attention is given to the psychological and developmental factors that influence students’ responses to competition, as well as the role of teachers in regulating competitive activities. The findings demonstrate that well-designed competitive strategies, supported by transparent assessment, ethical norms, and collaborative elements, help reduce negative emotional outcomes while strengthening responsibility, self-regulation, and interpersonal skills. The research results provide a theoretical and practical basis for integrating healthy competition into educational practice to promote holistic learner development.
465-469
25
12
GENERAL CONCEPT OF A SYLLABLE. BASIC THEORIES OF SYLLABUS.
This article is devoted to the study of the concepts of the syllable and the basic theories of the syllable. The work discusses the expiratory theory of the syllable, as well as the sonorant theory of the syllable. Various theories are considered in syllable research, each emphasizing different aspects of this phonetic unit.
470-474
30
25
OZIQ-OVQAT XAVFSIZLIGINI TAʼMINLASH – DAVR TALABI
Ushbu maqola oziq-ovqat xavfsizligini global, mintaqaviy va milliy darajada tahlil qilib, aholining o‘sishi, iqlim o‘zgarishi, pandemiyalar va iqtisodiy beqarorlik kabi omillar mahsulot ishlab chiqarish tizimlariga kuchli bosim o‘tkazayotganini ko‘rsatadi.
Oziq-ovqat sifatini belgilovchi organoleptik, kimyoviy, mikrobiologik va gigiyenik mezonlar hamda zaharlanishning asosiy sabablari ilmiy manbalar asosida yoritiladi.
O‘zbekiston misolida qishloq xo‘jaligida amalga oshirilayotgan islohotlar, modernizatsiya jarayonlari va eksport salohiyatining ortishi baholanadi. Tadqiqot natijalariga ko‘ra, resurslardan samarali foydalanish, texnologik yangilanish, qat’iy nazorat tizimi va sog‘lom ovqatlanish madaniyatini shakllantirish oziq-ovqat xavfsizligini ta’minlashning asosiy omillari hisoblanadi.
Oziq-ovqat sifatini belgilovchi organoleptik, kimyoviy, mikrobiologik va gigiyenik mezonlar hamda zaharlanishning asosiy sabablari ilmiy manbalar asosida yoritiladi.
O‘zbekiston misolida qishloq xo‘jaligida amalga oshirilayotgan islohotlar, modernizatsiya jarayonlari va eksport salohiyatining ortishi baholanadi. Tadqiqot natijalariga ko‘ra, resurslardan samarali foydalanish, texnologik yangilanish, qat’iy nazorat tizimi va sog‘lom ovqatlanish madaniyatini shakllantirish oziq-ovqat xavfsizligini ta’minlashning asosiy omillari hisoblanadi.
475-478
22
10
ALISHER NAVOIY G‘AZALLARIDA SEVGI VA MUHABBAT BADIIY TALQINI
This article explores the artistic interpretation of love and affection in the ghazals of Alisher Navoi. It analyzes the poet’s aesthetic and philosophical perspectives, the interrelation between divine and earthly love, and the concepts of metaphorical and true love. Special attention is given to symbolic imagery, poetic devices, and the Sufi worldview reflected in Navoi’s works. The research aims to reveal the spiritual, psychological, and philosophical layers of love depicted in Navoi’s lyrical heritage.
479-488
23
10
БОШЛАНҒИЧ СИНФ ОНА ТИЛИ ВА ЎҚИШ ДАРСЛАРИДА АХБОРОТ-РЕСУРСЛАРНИ ИНТЕГРАЦИЯЛАШНИНГ МЕТОДИК - MUAMMO СИФАТИДА
The article discusses the methodological possibilities of integrating native language and reading lessons in primary classes. In particular, the texts presented in the textbooks "book for reading" are a means of developing speech skills in younger students. The main purpose of reading lessons in primary classes is to highlight such issues as the correct understanding of the content of the text by students, the ability to read consciously and expressively, the perception of information presented in the text, and preparing students to respond to the reality expressed in the text.
489-492
23
10
THE PERSONALITY OF ZAHIRIDDIN MUHAMMAD BABUR AND HIS LITERARY HERITAGE
This article discusses the difficult life of the great ruler and poet Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur who stood among the most gifted scholars—as evaluated by historians. It examines how Babur’s personality is represented in historical and memoir-type literature. In addition, the article emphasizes Babur’s poetic and literary potential as the sovereign who conquered the great state of India.
493-496
23
11
DISTRIBUTION AND POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS OF NEMATODES BELONGING TO THE GENUS MESORHABDITIS ISOLATED FROM THE ROOT SYSTEM OF WILD ROSE (ROSA CANINA L.) IN THE SURKHANDARYA REGION
This study investigates the distribution, population density, and ecological characteristics of nematodes belonging to the genus Mesorhabditis (M. spiculigera, M. franseni, M. irregularis) isolated from the rhizosphere of wild rose (Rosa canina L.) in the Sariosiyo, Termez, and Boysun districts of the Surkhandarya region. A total of 300 nematode specimens were collected. The findings indicate a wide distribution of Mesorhabditis species in the root zone of wild rose and their strong ecological adaptability.
497-501
46
12
DEVELOPING ARTISTIC AND AESTHETIC COMPETENCE OF FUTURE FINE ARTS TEACHERS
This article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of developing the artistic and aesthetic competence of future fine arts teachers. In the modern educational process, it is not sufficient for a fine arts teacher to possess only technical skills; competencies such as aesthetic perception, artistic thinking, creativity, and the ability to analyze works of art are also of great importance. The article highlights the structural components of artistic and aesthetic competence, including aesthetic perception, visual literacy, artistic thinking, compositional skills, and the ability to analyze and interpret works of art. In addition, the effectiveness of innovative methods in the process of training future art teachers in higher education institutions—such as interactive technologies, the STEAM approach, project-based activities, museum pedagogy, and practice-oriented classes aimed at developing practical skills—is substantiated. The research findings demonstrate that the development of artistic and aesthetic competence contributes to thorough preparation of students for their future professional activities, deeper understanding of art, and the formation of aesthetic taste.
502-507
56
18
ILMIY MAQOLALARDA HUJJATLARNI ORGANISH METODI XUSUSIYATLAR
Hujjatning maqsadi ma’lumotni muallifdan o‘quvchilarga uzatishni osonlashtirishdir. Hujjatni unda mavjud bo‘lgan ma’lumotlarni aniq va samarali talqin qilish uchun loyihalash muallifning vazifasidir. Buning uchun muallif bir qator stilistik vositalardan foydalanishi mumkin. Ushbu maqolada biz hujjatlarning funksionalligi tushunchasini taqdim etamiz, bu ma’lumotni uzatish jarayonida hujjatlar va ularning tarkibiy qismlarining rolini tavsiflashga harakat qiladi. Hujjatning funktsional tavsifi hujjat turi, uning mo‘ljallangan maqsadlari va hujjatlarni avtomatik talqin qilish va olish strategiyalari haqida tushuncha beradi
508-511
22
12
BADMINTON SPORT TURINING KOMBINATSION QOBILIYATGA TA‘SIRI
Ushbu maqolada badminton sport turining sportchilar kombinatsion qobiliyatini rivojlantirishdagi o‘rni va ahamiyati keng yoritilgan. Badminton tezkor texnik va taktik harakatlar majmuasi bo‘lib, unda sportchi harakat koordinatsiyasi, situatsion fikrlash, texnik-taktik kombinatsiyalarni shakllantirish, psixomotor tezlik hamda ritmni boshqarish kabi qobiliyatlarini bir vaqtning o‘zida namoyon etadi. Tadqiqotda badminton mashg‘ulotlari jarayonida sportchilarning motorika, harakatlar uyg‘unligi, qaror qabul qilish tezligi, zarbalar ketma-ketligini to‘g‘ri tanlash hamda taktik rejalashtirish kabi fazilatlari sezilarli rivojlanishi asoslab berilgan. Maqola badmintonning kombinatsion qobiliyatni shakllantirishdagi samaradorligi, uning o‘quv jarayonida va professional sport tayyorgarligida qo‘llanish imkoniyatlarini tahlil qiladi.
512-517
45
41
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF UZBEK DOCUMENTATION
This article discusses the historical roots of the emergence of documents and documentation, and analyzes the lexical meanings of the word document and its history in a step-by-step manner. It analyzes the roots of documentation dating back to the ancient Sogdian period, the types of official documents (label, decree) in the Middle Ages and khanates, and the stages of centralized standardization in the Soviet era. It highlights the fact that documentation is a strategic tool that increases the efficiency of state administration.
518-521
23
15
THE CONSTITUTION - THE GUARANTEE OF A FREE AND PROSPEROUS LIFE
This scientific article analyzes the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan as a legal foundation guaranteeing the principles of a free and prosperous life. The new Constitution examines the rights and freedoms of man and citizens, their guarantees and their role in ensuring equality. In addition, constitutional norms and their mechanisms reflected in laws are examined through examples. The main purpose of the article is to shed light on the importance of the Constitution in guaranteeing the free and prosperous life of citizens from a scientific and legal perspective.
522-525
24
13
TURKIY A’NANAVIY TIBBIYOTNING ETNOGRAFIK MANBALARI VA ZAMONAVIY INTEGRATIV TIBBIYOTDAGI AHAMIYATI
Ushbu maqolada turkiy xalqlar orasida shakllangan an’anaviy tabobatning tarixiy rivoji, konseptual asoslari, shifolash amaliyotlari va madaniy ahamiyati ilmiy tahlil qilinadi. Arxeologik topilmalar, o‘rta asr qo‘lyozmalari, etnografik kuzatuvlar hamda zamonaviy tadqiqotlar asosida shamanizmga asoslangan davolash usullari, o‘simliklar bilan muolaja, hayvonot mahsulotlari bilan davolash, ruhiy-energetik muolajalar, turkiy yozma tibbiyot maktablarining shakllanishi chuqur o‘rganildi. Maqolada xunlar, ko‘kturklar, uyg‘urlar, qang‘ar, xorazmiylar, qarluq va qipchoq tibbiy an’analari, shuningdek, turkiy ilmiy merosning eng yirik namoyandalaridan biri Ibn Sino maktabining ta’siri yoritiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari turkiy tabobat Sharq tibbiyot falsafasining shakllanishiga katta hissa qo‘shganini ko‘rsatadi
526-528
27
20
SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF EMOTIONAL VOCABULARY IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LITERARY TEXTS
This article explores the semantic features of emotional vocabulary in English and Uzbek literary texts. The main purpose of the study is to show how writers use emotional words to express feelings, attitudes, and the inner world of their characters. The research analyzes different types of emotional vocabulary, their meanings, and the connotations they create in the text. It also discusses how cultural background influences the use and interpretation of emotional words in both languages. By comparing examples from English and Uzbek literature, the article identifies common and distinctive ways of expressing emotions.
529-531
33
13
CLASSIFICATION OF TERRESTRIAL MOLLUSKS BY ECOLOGICAL GROUPS
The ecological characteristics of terrestrial mollusks play a crucial role in understanding their biological traits and habitat preferences. This study reviews the ecological classification of terrestrial mollusks, highlighting hygrobionts, xerobionts, and xerohygrobionts based on proximity to water bodies and biotope conditions. The influence of abiotic factors such as temperature, humidity, and wind, alongside biotic factors including plants, fungi, and microorganisms, is considered. Food sources, particularly plants, significantly determine the distribution of mollusks across ecological groups. The study also considers feeding strategies, with Pulmonata representatives classified into eight groups: detritophages, micromycophages, macromycophages, lichenophages, phytophages, oligoxylophages, malacophages, and polyphages. Examples from families Pupillina, Pyramidulidae, Buliminidae, Hygromiidae, and Succineida demonstrate the relationship between diet, habitat preference, and ecological grouping.
532-537
27
9
METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING DIGITAL EDUCATION IN GENERAL SCHOOLS THROUGH AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH
This methodological guide focuses on the effective organization of digital education in general schools, modernization of the teaching process through innovative approaches, and development of students competencies. It highlights the use of digital learning resources, interactive platforms, the creation of a digital environment for teachers and students, and methods for increasing learning efficiency using innovative technologies. The proposed approaches aim to develop digital literacy, optimize the educational process, and promote the meaningful use of modern information technologies.
538-542
30
11
O'QITUVCHI VA TALABALAR O'RTASIDAGI INTERAKSIYA: CHET TILI O'QITUVCHILARI BILAN TALABALAR O'RTASIDAGI O'ZARO ALOQALARNI TAHLIL QILISH
This article studies the theoretical and methodological foundations of pedagogical interaction between foreign language teachers and students. The article analyzes modern theories of pedagogical communication, the formation of communicative competence, the psychological aspects of teacher-student relations, and the specific forms of interaction that arise in the process of foreign language education. The results of the study showed that high-quality pedagogical interaction between teachers and students is of decisive importance in increasing the effectiveness of foreign language learning, increasing students' motivation, and developing communicative competence.
543-548
25
14
THE ROLE OF CHROMOSOMAL ANOMALIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HOLOPROSENCEPHALY: A CASE STUDY OF PATAU SYNDROME
Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a major congenital brain malformation caused by incomplete cleavage of the prosencephalon during early embryogenesis. Trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) represents the most frequent chromosomal basis of HPE, with the alobar variant being the most severe clinical form. This article provides a comprehensive review of the pathogenesis of trisomy 13, its embryological and genetic association with HPE, clinical manifestations, prenatal diagnostic methods, and the systemic morphological abnormalities observed in affected fetuses.
Additionally, cardiac, craniofacial, limb, and neuroanatomical defects associated with severe cases are analyzed in detail, emphasizing issues related to genetic counseling, prognosis, and perinatal management.
Additionally, cardiac, craniofacial, limb, and neuroanatomical defects associated with severe cases are analyzed in detail, emphasizing issues related to genetic counseling, prognosis, and perinatal management.
549-552
26
15
METHODS OF TEACHING DRAWING USING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
This article analyzes the pedagogical possibilities and practical significance of methods for teaching drawing using digital technologies. In the modern educational process, the use of graphic tablets, digital drawing software, and multimedia tools contributes to enhancing students’ visual literacy, developing creative thinking, and forming artistic and aesthetic competencies. The article highlights the didactic features of the digital drawing process, the integration of traditional and digital fine arts teaching methods, as well as the effectiveness of interactive lessons and project-based learning. The research results demonstrate that lessons organized on the basis of digital technologies activate students’ independent creative activity and improve the quality of the educational process.
553-556
23
25
“JUDICIAL-LEGAL REFORMS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LEGAL AID SYSTEM: THE ROLE OF THE BAR INSTITUTION AND THE LEGAL PROTECTION OF CITIZENS”
This article provides a scientific-theoretical analysis of the judicial-legal reforms being implemented in the Republic of Uzbekistan and their significance in modernizing the legal aid system. In particular, it examines issues such as ensuring the independence of the judiciary, expanding citizens’ constitutional rights to fair judicial protection, developing the institution of the bar, and improving the state-provided legal aid system. The article studies practical and institutional problems of the legal aid system, proposes solutions for addressing them, and offers scientific conclusions and recommendations aimed at improving legal mechanisms. It also highlights the current stage of integration between judicial-legal reforms and the legal aid system, revealing key aspects of ongoing integration processes and legal development.
557-561
31
17
AHMAD DONISH'S VIEWS ON THE EMIRATE'S POLITICAL ELITE IN HIS WORKS: AN IMPARTIAL AND BIASED APPROACH
This article analyzes the political and economic views of 19th-century Bukharan enlightener Ahmad Donish, his assessments of the emirate's administration and elite representatives. Along with the objective critical approaches of Ahmad Donish, some subjective, emotional, or biased aspects are also highlighted. The research is aimed at revealing the complexity of the Donish heritage.
562-569
19
40
IMPROVING THE CRIMINAL LAW ASPECTS OF LIABILITY FOR VIOLATIONS OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT LEGISLATION
This article develops recommendations regarding the history of the concept of public procurement, its definition, and issues of liability for violating public procurement legislation. The article puts forward scientific recommendations for establishing specific liability for violations of public procurement legislation in the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
570-573
56
26
ПАРНЫЕ СЛОВА В РУССКОМ И УЗБЕКСКОМ ЯЗЫКАХ: КОРПУСНОЕ И СРАВНИТЕЛЬНО-ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ
Статья посвящена расширенному сопоставительному анализу парных слов (биномиалов) в русском и узбекском языках на основе корпусных данных.
Материал исследования включает Национальный корпус русского языка, Узбекский национальный корпус, а также авторскую выборку из художественных, публицистических и разговорных текстов. Рассматриваются структурные и морфологические модели, семантические и прагматические функции, степень фиксированности порядка компонентов, а также культурно-национальная специфика употребления парных слов. Полученные результаты подтверждают высокую частотность и устойчивость биномиалов, их значимую роль в формировании экспрессивности речи и отражении языковой картины мира.
Материал исследования включает Национальный корпус русского языка, Узбекский национальный корпус, а также авторскую выборку из художественных, публицистических и разговорных текстов. Рассматриваются структурные и морфологические модели, семантические и прагматические функции, степень фиксированности порядка компонентов, а также культурно-национальная специфика употребления парных слов. Полученные результаты подтверждают высокую частотность и устойчивость биномиалов, их значимую роль в формировании экспрессивности речи и отражении языковой картины мира.
574-577
28
9
THE DEVELOPMENT OF LITERARY STUDIES AND FOLKLORE STUDIES
This article highlights the formation and modern development of literary studies and folklore studies. It discusses the role of literary studies in the aesthetic and philosophical analysis of literary works. The paper examines the main research directions of folklore studies, modern research methods, and regional folklore issues. It also shows the interconnection and mutual influence between literature and folklore. During the years of independence, these two fields have played an important role in restoring national identity and preserving spiritual values. It is emphasized that through new scientific methods, digital technologies, and international cooperation, these disciplines have reached a new stage of development. The study reflects the modern trends in the development of literary and folklore studies.
578-581
26
18
TURKIY XALQLAR TIBBIYOTI
This article analyzes the historical development of traditional medicine among Turkic peoples, focusing on its main healing methods and their scientific foundations.
The study examines practices such as herbal therapy, spiritual rituals, massage, and bone-setting, as well as their compatibility with modern medical approaches. The paper also outlines the contemporary relevance of traditional Turkic medicine, its role in disease prevention, and its contribution to healthy lifestyle practices. The author provides a personal perspective on the importance of these traditions in today’s society.
The study examines practices such as herbal therapy, spiritual rituals, massage, and bone-setting, as well as their compatibility with modern medical approaches. The paper also outlines the contemporary relevance of traditional Turkic medicine, its role in disease prevention, and its contribution to healthy lifestyle practices. The author provides a personal perspective on the importance of these traditions in today’s society.
582-584
45
49
PROKURATURA ORGANLARINING QONUNIYLIKNI TA’MINLASHDAGI O’RNI VA AHAMIYATI
This scientific article examines, from a theoretical perspective, the role, functions, and legal foundations of prosecutorial bodies in ensuring legality. Prosecutorial authorities occupy a special place in upholding the rule of law and protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens. The article highlights the essence of prosecutorial supervision, its significance in the activities of state bodies, as well as its role in the prevention of legal violations.
585-589
20
12
THE ROLE OF NON-FOOD PRODUCTS IN MARKETING AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THEIR CLASSIFICATION
Non-food items make up a sizable portion of contemporary markets and are vital in determining consumer behavior, business growth, and competitive tactics. Accurate classification systems that guarantee clarity, comparability, and regulatory compliance are crucial for the successful marketing of such products. This article explores the strategic benefits of classification, looks at the marketing role of non-food products, and emphasizes the significance of classification for manufacturers, retailers, and legislators.
590-594
24
7
ИЖТИМОИЙ ТАРМОҚЛАРДА ДИНИЙ ЭКСТРЕМИСТИК ВА БОШҚА ДЕСТРУКТИВ ҒОЯЛАР ТАРҚАЛИШИГА ҚАРШИ КУРАШИШДА ХОРИЖИЙ ДАВЛАТЛАР ТАЖРИБАСИ
Дин ниқоби остидаги экстремистик гуруҳлар томонидан Интернет орқали тарқатилаётган ғояларига қарши курашишда хориж тажрибаси ва бу борада қарши курашишга қаратилган самаралаи тадбирлар акс этган.
595-597
25
11
МЕТОДИКА STEAM — НЕОТЪЕМЛЕМАЯ ЧАСТЬ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ НАУЧНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ В РАЗВИТИИ ЗДОРОВЬЕСБЕРЕГАЮЩЕЙ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТИ У ДЕТЕЙ СТАРШЕГО ДОШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА
The article examines one of the pressing tasks of modern preschool education—the formation of health-preserving competence in children of senior preschool age. Special attention is given to the role of the teacher, who acts as a researcher and an active facilitator of educational innovations.
598-601
36
18
BOSQICHMA-BOSQICHLIK TAMOYILI ASOSIDA SONLI IFODALAR BILAN ISHLASH METODIKASI
Ushbudagi bosqichma-bosqichlik loyihasi asosida sonli ifodalar bilan ishlashni o'rgatish metodikasining nazariy va amaliy harakati yoritilgan. Ta'lim jarayonida sonli ifodalarni o'rgatishda oddiydan murakkabga paydo bo'lgan vaziyatning mazmuni ilmiy asosda tahlil qilingan. O'quvchilarning mantiqiy fikrlashi, o'zlashtirish jarayonida o'quvchilarning mantiqiy fikrlashi, mustaqil malakalari va mustaqil ishlash ko'rinishidagi jarayonlarni o'zlashtirish jarayonida chambarchas bog'liqligi ochib berilgan. Ushbu metodikaning ta'lim maqolalari ilmiy asosda bayon etilgan. Maqola umumiy o'rta ta'lim xodimlari o'qituvchilari, metodlar va pedagogika yo'nalishi talabalari uchun mo'ljallangan
602-604
24
15
KARYERLARDA CHANG-GAZ MUHITINI BOSHQARISHNING ZAMONAVIY YECHIMLARI VA TEXNOLOGIK YONDASHUVLAR
Karyerlarda chang-gaz aralashmalari inson salomatligi, ekologik xavfsizlik va texnologik jarayonlarga sezilarli ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Atrof muhitni muhofaza qilish muammosinining yechimi bu qazib olishda va tadbiq etishda ekologik xavfsiz, chiqindisiz texnologik jarayonlar va sohalarni ishlab chiqish hamda amalga oshirishdir. Ushbu maqolada chang-gaz rejimini boshqarishning mavjud holati, zamonaviy monitoring texnologiyalari, muammolar va innovatsion yechimlar batafsil yoritiladi.
605-607
41
12
SMART-КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЬ ПЕДАГОГА ВУЗА В УЗБЕКИСТАНЕ: МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ РЕФОРМ
Современный педагог вуза в Узбекистане должен быть мобильным исследователем, владеющим цифровыми технологиями и способным вовлекать студентов в проектную деятельность, способствуя их развитию в условиях цифровой трансформации. SMART-компетентность педагога, включающая конкретные, измеримые, достижимые, релевантные и ограниченные во времени цели, становится ключевым фактором реализации Стратегии «Узбекистан-2030» и Национальной программы развития школьного образования (2022–2026). Статья анализирует методологические особенности формирования и оценки SMART-компетентности педагога вуза с учетом нормативных документов, инициатив Президента Шавката Мирзиёева и интеграции ИИ и нейроинтерфейсов. Рассматриваются вызовы и перспективы, включая этические аспекты и необходимость повышения статуса педагога в соответствии с Законом «О статусе педагога» (2024).
608-610
22
8
THE SPIRITUAL CONCEPT OF THE MOTHER FIGURE IN JADID PROSE: THEMATIC AND SEMANTIC COHERENCE
This article examines the spiritual concept of the mother figure in Jadid prose and its thematic and semantic coherence. It highlights the mother’s role in family and society, her spiritual significance in child upbringing, and her contribution to forming national and moral values. In Jadid literature, the mother is depicted as both the center of the family and the moral foundation of society.
611-618
20
10
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTIVE SOLUTIONS OF UZBEKISTAN IN INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
This article examines the current state, challenges, and prospective solutions of Uzbekistan’s international economic integration. Over the past decades, Uzbekistan has made significant progress in expanding trade relations, attracting foreign investments, and modernizing domestic industries. Despite these achievements, the country faces structural challenges, including underdeveloped infrastructure, limited export diversification, incomplete legal and regulatory frameworks, and a shortage of skilled personnel and technological resources. The study highlights the importance of strategic planning, infrastructure development, workforce training, and regulatory reform to maximize the benefits of international integration.
Moreover, it emphasizes the potential of diversified exports, foreign investment inflows, and international cooperation to enhance economic growth, competitiveness, and social well-being. The findings suggest that a comprehensive, adaptive, and strategic approach is essential for Uzbekistan to strengthen its position in global markets and achieve sustainable economic development.
Moreover, it emphasizes the potential of diversified exports, foreign investment inflows, and international cooperation to enhance economic growth, competitiveness, and social well-being. The findings suggest that a comprehensive, adaptive, and strategic approach is essential for Uzbekistan to strengthen its position in global markets and achieve sustainable economic development.
619-625
37
12
IMPROVING SPEED AND STRENGTH INDICATORS OF YOUTH NATIONAL VOLLEYBALL TEAM PLAYERS THROUGH INTEGRATION OF TRACK AND FIELD EXERCISES INTO THE TRAINING PROCESS
This article examines changes in the indicators of speed-strength ability development among young female volleyball players. Volleyball players at the young age of 14-15 demonstrate a high degree of receptiveness to training methods aimed at developing running coordination and, simultaneously, physical qualities that determine the ability to highly concentrate efforts in various phases of jumping, sprinting, and other activities. We have developed a methodology for enhancing the speed-strength abilities of female volleyball players using specialized track and field exercises. This methodology, which includes sets of exercises used in our pedagogical experiment, is recommended for training young volleyball players.
626-631
21
10
РАЗВИТИЕ СИЛОВЫХ КАЧЕСТВ У БОКСЕРОВ В ВОЗРАСТЕ 12-13 ЛЕТ
The article examines the development of strength in 12–13-year-old boxers.
Strength is a crucial component of physical fitness, affecting both technique and tactical skills. The study analyzes effective methods and exercises for muscle strength development, considering age-specific characteristics, training intensity, and duration. The aim is to achieve a systematic and comprehensive improvement of strength in young boxers, enhance sports performance, and reduce injury risk. The results highlight the key principles of effective strength training and their practical application in boxing.
Strength is a crucial component of physical fitness, affecting both technique and tactical skills. The study analyzes effective methods and exercises for muscle strength development, considering age-specific characteristics, training intensity, and duration. The aim is to achieve a systematic and comprehensive improvement of strength in young boxers, enhance sports performance, and reduce injury risk. The results highlight the key principles of effective strength training and their practical application in boxing.
632-634
64
11
VARIATIV O’QUV DASTURLAR TAHLILI
Tavsiya etilayotgan yangi variativ dastur uch qismdan iborat bo‘lib, ularning har biri maktabgacha yoshdagi bolalikning alohida bosqichiga bag‘ishlangan: kichik, o‘rta va katta guruhlariga bo‘lingan holda tuzilgan. Dasturning asosiy maqsadi: sog‘lom turmush tarzini ta’minlash, jismoniy sifatlarni rivojlantirish, boshlang‘ich ixtisoslashuv, bolalarni umuminsoniy qadriyatlar bilan tanishtirish, mavjudlikning yetakchi sohalari - insonlar, narsalar, tabiat dunyosi, bolaning o‘zini harakatlar va tajribalar sub’ekti sifatida anglashga o‘rgatishdan iborat. Maqolada yangi variativ dasturlar yaratish usullari va yo‘llari haqida fikr yuritiladi.
635-640
32
17
CULTIVATION AGROTECHNOLOGY OF VOLGOGRAD TOMATO VARIETY IN OPEN FIELD UNDER SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF BUKHARA REGION
This article is dedicated to the study of the agrotechnological aspects of cultivating the Volgograd tomato variety in open fields in Bukhara region. The research analyzes the impact of the region’s hot and dry climate, low annual precipitation, and saline soils on the growth and development of the crop. The Volgograd variety is distinguished by its high yield, adaptation to hot climates, and resistance to diseases. The article scientifically examines open-field planting techniques, irrigation and fertilization systems, weed control, as well as measures for protecting against diseases and pests. The results of the study provide opportunities to increase the yield and quality of tomatoes in the region, offer practical recommendations for agricultural producers, and contribute to the improvement of agrotechnological approaches.
641-645
24
22
INVESTIGATION OF BIOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MELON VARIETIES IN BUKHARA CONDITIONS
This scientific study is aimed at systematically investigating the biological and economic characteristics of melon varieties under the agro-climatic conditions of the Bukhara region. The research analyzed growth rate, phenological development, yield potential, fruit quality, and the resistance of varieties to diseases and pests. The findings allow for the identification of the most suitable and productive varieties for the region, improving yield, enhancing fruit quality, and ensuring sustainable melon cultivation. The study also provides practical recommendations for local farmers and agronomists.
646-651
22
9
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF LOCAL SHIRALI AND OLTIN VODIY MELON VARIETIES
This study focused on the genetic diversity of local Shirali and Oltin vodiy melon varieties. The results allowed the assessment of genetic variation and polymorphism levels based on morphological and molecular characteristics. Shirali variety showed better adaptation to hot and dry climates, while Oltin vodiy variety adapted well to moist soils and moderate climatic conditions. Using molecular markers and morphological analysis, the study evaluated the varieties’ genetic stability, adaptive potential, and regional adaptability. The findings provide a scientific basis for breeding programs, regional cultivation strategies, and conservation of local melon varieties. Moreover, the genetic diversity of these varieties enhances the potential for developing high-yielding and environmentally resilient cultivars. The results serve as a valuable resource for agricultural research and the improvement of local agrotechnologies.
652-655
34
12
«КОНСТИТУЦИЯ – ЭТО ПРОЧНАЯ ОСНОВА НАШЕЙ СВОБОДНОЙ И БЛАГОПОЛУЧНОЙ ЖИЗНИ И ДАЛЬНЕЙШЕГО РАЗВИТИЯ НАШЕЙ СТРАНЫ»
The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan (Uzbek: Oʻzbekiston Respublikasining Konstitutsiyasi) is the highest normative legal act of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The Constitution of the Republic was adopted on December 8, 1992 and came into force on the same day, establishing a presidential republic.
656-662
39
18
THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN REGULATING INTERNATIONAL CARGO TRANSPORT
This article analyzes the role and functions of international organizations in regulating global freight transportation and their impact on logistics systems. In particular, it examines the contributions of the UN, ITF, IMO, ICAO, WCO, and IRU in shaping international transport policies. The study discusses legal frameworks, transport safety, environmental sustainability, and customs simplification. Systematic and comparative analysis methods were used. The results justify the importance of harmonizing international standards, ensuring environmental safety, and maintaining the continuity of logistics chains under the coordination of global institutions.
663-668
30
18
hs-CRP - A MARKER FOR ASSESSING INFLAMMATORY CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN METABOLIC SYNDROME
This study is aimed at assessing the diagnostic significance of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in identifying early cardiovascular complications in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). 120 patients were examined, divided into three clinical groups: MS without cardiovascular complications, MS with subclinical atherosclerosis, and MS with manifest complications (stenosis, arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy). Laboratory evaluation included the determination of hs-CRP, lipid spectrum, visceral obesity index, and carotid artery dopplerography. It was established that an increase in hs-CRP ≥ 3 mg/l is associated with a 3.2 times increase in the risk of cardiovascular complications. ROC analysis showed high diagnostic accuracy of hs-CRP (AUC=0.84; sensitivity - 81%; specificity - 78%). hs-CRP should be considered as an accessible early marker of inflammation and a prognostic indicator in high-risk patients.
162-166
39
12
MAKTABGACHA YOSHDAGI BOLALARGA MAYDA MATORIKANI RIVOJLANTIRISHGA OID MASHG‘ULOTLARNI TASHKILLASHTIRISH
This article discusses the issue of organizing activities for the development of fine motor skills of preschool children, sample games, pedagogical ideas, and examples of practical work that should be carried out.
167-170
27
10
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING: AFFORDANCES AND CHALLENGES
This paper explores the growing role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in English Language Teaching (ELT), focusing on its pedagogical advantages and potential challenges. AI-powered tools such as chatbots, virtual assistants, automated writing evaluators, and speech recognition systems have transformed traditional learning environments into interactive and personalized spaces. Through qualitative analysis of recent studies, the paper examines how AI enhances language acquisition, provides adaptive feedback, and supports teachers in managing classroom tasks. At the same time, it highlights issues related to technological dependency, data ethics, and the loss of human interaction. The study concludes that AI, when applied thoughtfully, can complement human teaching and improve educational outcomes.
171-173
26
11
IMPROVING SOCIAL MANAGEMENT IN A NEW SOCIETY
An analysis of modern social management experience shows that all key functions of social management depend on the development of the social system, and their content and role change. This article examines the improvement of social management in modern society. Key functions are identified, categorized by characteristics: those that ensure favorable conditions for the development of entities, and those that organize and systematize social associations. The relationship between management and self-organization in small businesses is analyzed, as well as the effectiveness of social management in military academies. It is concluded that the management process often conflicts with self-organization and requires reform and an individualized approach.
174-177
34
14
THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION IS THE MAIN RESOURCE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT SOCIETY
To achieve this goal, a general scientific systems approach was applied, which views higher education as a complex, dynamic system. A conceptual (theoretical) analysis of key trends in the development of the modern higher education system was utilized. Contemporary scientific publications served as the theoretical and methodological basis for the study. An analysis of the scientific literature demonstrates that certain theoretical prerequisites for studying higher education issues have emerged. A review of scientific publications suggests that the socioeconomic conditions for the development of higher education significantly influence the innovative development of society. The study identified factors that determine the resource potential of higher education in the innovative development of society.
178-181
27
12
FUTBOLCHILARNING IRODAVIY SIFATLARINI RIVOJLANTIRISH ORQALI MUSOBAQA OLDI HAVOTIRINI KAMAYTIRISH
Biz hayotimiz davomida oldimizga turli xil maqsad qoʻyamiz va bu maqsadlarimizni amalga oshirish uchun baʼzan har-xil qiyinchiliklarga, turli sinovlarga duch kelamiz. Mana shunday holatlarda inson oʻzining nimalarga qodir ekanini, nimalar qoʻlidan kelishi, nimalar qoʻlidan kelmasligi haqida bilib oladi. Irodali inson bu olamdagi barcha qiyinchiliklarni yengib oʻta oladi. Faqat biz harakat va mehnat qilishdan toʻxtamasligimiz kerak.
182-184
21
16
METHODOLOGY OF PREPARING STUDENTS FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY BASED ON ACMEOLOGY
This article analyzes the content and essence of the methodology for preparing students for professional activity based on the acmeological approach, and the necessary methods for preparing students for professional activity through the use of acmeological methods in the pedagogical process are also cited as examples. The information and recommendations presented in this article serve as necessary information for masters of higher education, teachers, and researchers conducting scientific work on this topic.
185-187
38
12
IMPROVING THE METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING CHILDREN’S LITERATURE IN PRIMARY EDUCATION USING THE WORKS OF SADRIDDIN AYNI AND ELBEK
This article analyzes the methodological aspects of using the works of Sadriddin Ayni and Elbek in teaching children’s literature in primary and preschool education.
The research results indicate that the works of these authors are an effective tool for developing children’s language, thinking, artistic taste, and moral values. At the same time, modern methodological approaches and assignments help expand children’s abilities and make the learning process more interactive.
The research results indicate that the works of these authors are an effective tool for developing children’s language, thinking, artistic taste, and moral values. At the same time, modern methodological approaches and assignments help expand children’s abilities and make the learning process more interactive.
188-189
35
18
БОЛАЛАРДА ЭКССУДАТИВ КАТАРАЛ ЎРТА ОТИТ КЕЧИШИ: ПАТОГЕНЕЗ, КЛИНИК ХУСУСИЯТЛАР ВА ЗАМОНАВИЙ ТАШХИС-ДАВОЛАШ ЁНДАШУВЛАРИ
Экссудатив катарал ўрта отит (ЭКО) – болалар оториноларингологиясида энг кўп учрайдиган патологиялардан бири бўлиб, мактабгача ёшдаги болаларнинг 60–80% да ҳаёт давомида камида бир марта кузатилади.
190-194
38
12
INNOVATSION FAOLIYATNI BOSHQARISHDA BOSHQARUV HISOBI AXBOROTI AHAMIYATINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH
This thesis examines the issues of effective management of innovative activities in ensuring the sustainable development and competitiveness of enterprises. Innovative processes are characterized by a high level of uncertainty, financial risks, and significant investment requirements, which increases the need for reliable and systematic information support in their management. In this context, the role of management accounting information in planning, coordinating, and controlling innovative activities is substantiated.
The thesis reveals the essence and functions of management accounting information as well as its role in the selection and implementation of innovative projects. The importance of management accounting information in comparing costs and expected results, assessing investment efficiency, identifying financial risks, and ensuring the efficient use of resources in innovation-related decision-making is highlighted. In addition, the application of modern management accounting methods – such as activity-based costing, target costing, life cycle costing, and budgeting – in evaluating the effectiveness of innovative projects is discussed.
The results of the study indicate that the timely and reliable generation of management accounting information contributes to reducing risks in innovative activities, improving the validity of managerial decisions, and ensuring the successful implementation of innovative projects.
The thesis reveals the essence and functions of management accounting information as well as its role in the selection and implementation of innovative projects. The importance of management accounting information in comparing costs and expected results, assessing investment efficiency, identifying financial risks, and ensuring the efficient use of resources in innovation-related decision-making is highlighted. In addition, the application of modern management accounting methods – such as activity-based costing, target costing, life cycle costing, and budgeting – in evaluating the effectiveness of innovative projects is discussed.
The results of the study indicate that the timely and reliable generation of management accounting information contributes to reducing risks in innovative activities, improving the validity of managerial decisions, and ensuring the successful implementation of innovative projects.
195-197
41
10
CIRKULYAR IQTISODIYOTNING MAMLAKAT SANOATIDAGI O‘RNI
Mazkur ilmiy tezisda cirkulyar iqtisodiyot konsepsiyasining shakllanishi, nazariy asoslari va sanoat tarmoqlaridagi amaliy ahamiyati kompleks tarzda tahlil qilinadi.
Cirkulyar iqtisodiyot ushbu muammolarga muqobil yechim sifatida ko‘rib chiqilib, uning asosiy tamoyillari, sanoat ishlab chiqarishidagi qo‘llanilish mexanizmlari hamda iqtisodiy, ekologik va ijtimoiy samaradorligi yoritiladi. Shuningdek, O‘zbekiston sanoatida cirkulyar iqtisodiyot tamoyillarini joriy etish istiqbollari, normativ-huquqiy asoslar va ularning milliy iqtisodiyot barqarorligiga ta’siri tahlil qilinadi.
Cirkulyar iqtisodiyot ushbu muammolarga muqobil yechim sifatida ko‘rib chiqilib, uning asosiy tamoyillari, sanoat ishlab chiqarishidagi qo‘llanilish mexanizmlari hamda iqtisodiy, ekologik va ijtimoiy samaradorligi yoritiladi. Shuningdek, O‘zbekiston sanoatida cirkulyar iqtisodiyot tamoyillarini joriy etish istiqbollari, normativ-huquqiy asoslar va ularning milliy iqtisodiyot barqarorligiga ta’siri tahlil qilinadi.
198-201
53
14
ФИНСКИЙ ОПЫТ ОБУЧЕНИЯ: ФЕНОМЕНАЛЬНО-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННОЕ ОБУЧЕНИЕ
В статье автор рассмотрел финскую систему образования признана одной из самых успешных в мире благодаря высокому качеству обучения, равенству возможностей и инновационным подходам к образовательному процессу. В статье рассматриваются ключевые элементы системы феномен-ориентированное обучение (phenomenon-based learning, PhBL), которое представляет собой междисциплинарный подход, направленный на изучение реальных явлений и проблем через интеграцию различных дисциплин. В статье рассматриваются основы феноменального обучения, его внедрение в финских школах, примеры реализации, преимущества и вызовы, а также возможности адаптации этого подхода в других образовательных системах.
202-204
62
23
DAVLAT XIZMATLARINING HUQUQIY ASOSLARI
Davlat xizmati va uning o`ziga xos xususiyatlari to`g`risida ko`plab olimlar fikr bildirganlar. Shu o`rinda ta`kidlashimiz joizki, ko`pgina davlatlar qonunchiligida va maxsus adabiyotlarda barcha uchun bir xilda qabul qilingan, yagona bo`lgan davlat xizmati tushunchasi mavjud emas.
205-207
40
11
OʻZBOSHIMCHALIK BILAN EGALLAB OLINGAN BINOLAR VA INSHOOTLARGA MULK HUQUQI EʼTIROF ETILADI.
"Oʻzboshimchalik bilan egallab olingan yer uchastkalariga hamda ularda qurilgan binolar va inshootlarga boʻlgan huquqlarni eʼtirof etish toʻgʻrisida"gi Oʻzbekiston Respublikasining Qonuni qabul qilindi.
208-210
31
13
DAVLAT HISOBIDAN YURIDIK YORDAM KIMLARGA BERILADI VA OLISH TARTIBI QANDAY?
Davlat tomonidan aholiga yuridik yordam ko‘rsatish instituti inson huquqlarining muhim kafolatlaridan biridir. Fuqarolarning sud organlariga erkin murojaat qilish, odil sudlovga teng imkoniyatlarda erishishi, ijtimoiy himoyaga muhtoj shaxslarning huquqlarini ta’minlash demokratik jamiyatning poydevori hisoblanadi.
600-603
38
11
O’ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI IMKONIYATI CHEKLANGAN BOLALARGA TA’LIM BERISH MUAMMOLARI VA SAMARASI
Bu maqola mamlakatimizdagi inkoniyati cheklangan bolalar ta’lim tarbiyasi masalasi va unga ko’rilayotgan choralar masalalari haqida bo’lib, maxsus ta’lim olayotgan imkoniyati cheklangan bolalarning extiyojlarini umumta’lim muosasalarida inklyuziv ta’lim asosida, ta’lim olishlariga yaratilayotgan imkoniyatlarga qaratilgan. Respublikamizdagi alohida yordamga muqtoj bolalarning rivojlanish darajasi, imkoniyati, nuqson xususiyatlari va qobilyatlariga ko’ra maxsus yoki umumta’lim tizimida ta’lim olishni amalga oshirish maqsadida inklyuziv ta’lim siyosati amalga oshirilmoqda. Ammo mamlakatimizda bu ta’lim turi haqida yetarlicha tushincha va malaka yetishmagani ko’p qiynchiliklarni keltirayotgani haqida. Inklyuziv ta’lim mazmun-mohiyati to’g’risidagi bilim va ma’lumotlar hali jamiyatda etarli emas.
Tizimimizdagi Inklyuziv bilan integratsiya atamasi orasida juda katta farqni borligini anglash.
Tizimimizdagi Inklyuziv bilan integratsiya atamasi orasida juda katta farqni borligini anglash.
604-607
79
43
SHUKUR XOLMIRZAYEVNING “O‘N SAKKIZGA KIRMAGAN KIM BOR?” ASARI BADIYATI
The article discusses Shukur Xolmirzayev's story “O‘n sakkizga kirmagan kim bor?”, highlighting how the characters in the story differ from modern youth and how the author values his native land, Boysun, in the narrative. In his work, the writer portrays the connection between people of that era and social life, as well as a sweet emotion such as love, which not everyone can preserve within themselves. This article examines the place of the story in literature.
608-616
30
13
ECOLOGICAL CRISIS AND ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATIONS: GREEN ENERGY AND RENEWABLE RESOURCES
This article analyzes the significance of the ecological crisis and economic changes in the context of green energy and renewable resources. In recent decades, climate change, air and water pollution, and the depletion of natural resources have intensified global environmental challenges. Simultaneously, economic systems are undergoing rapid transformations, with energy and production sectors facing sustainability issues. The article examines green energy technologies, including solar, wind, hydro, biomass, and geothermal energy, and their role in promoting ecological sustainability and economic development.
Furthermore, it discusses how the use of renewable resources allows countries and enterprises to achieve energy independence, create jobs, and enhance economic efficiency. The study emphasizes that green energy and renewable resources are essential for ensuring environmental security, sustainable economic growth, and long-term resilience.
Furthermore, it discusses how the use of renewable resources allows countries and enterprises to achieve energy independence, create jobs, and enhance economic efficiency. The study emphasizes that green energy and renewable resources are essential for ensuring environmental security, sustainable economic growth, and long-term resilience.
617-618
45
15
ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ НАСЛЕДСТВЕННОСТЬ ЛИЧНЫХ КАЧЕСТВ, ПОВЕДЕНИЯ, И МЫСЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ.
Генетические факторы играют важную роль в формировании личности человека, которые передаются поколениями. Хоть и генетика часто ассоциируется с физическими факторами и предрасположенностью к определенным болезням, эта статья так же раскроет как гены формируют поведение, темперамент, и паттерны мышления человека. Однако, судьба человека не зависит только от генетики, и важно учитывать внешние факторы, опыт и выбор самого человека, определяющие конечный итог.
1-468
27
11
“KLINIK AMALIYOTDA TERAPIYA VA ENDOKRINOLOGIYADAGI DOLZARB MASALALAR: DAVOLASHGA YANGICHA YONDASHUV” MAVZUSIDAGI RESPUBLIKA ILMIY-AMALIY ANJUMANI
Mazkur respublika ilmiy-amaliy anjuman klinik amaliyotda terapiya va endokrinologiya sohalarida uchrayotgan dolzarb muammolarni ilmiy asosda tahlil qilish, zamonaviy diagnostika va davolash usullarini muhokama etish hamda amaliy tibbiyotga innovatsion yondashuvlarni joriy etishga bag‘ishlangan. Anjumanda endokrin tizim kasalliklari, metabolik sindrom, qandli diabet, qalqonsimon bez patologiyalari, yurak-qon tomir va ichki kasalliklarning endokrin omillar bilan bog‘liqligi, shuningdek, kompleks va individual davolash strategiyalarining samaradorligi masalalari muhokama qilinadi.
Shuningdek, klinik protokollarni takomillashtirish, dalillarga asoslangan tibbiyot tamoyillarini amaliyotga tatbiq etish, yangi dori vositalari va terapevtik yondashuvlarning afzalliklari hamda multidisiplinar hamkorlikning ahamiyatiga alohida e’tibor qaratiladi. Anjuman materiallari shifokorlar, ilmiy xodimlar, magistrantlar va tibbiyot oliy ta’lim muassasalari talabalari uchun nazariy va amaliy jihatdan muhim ilmiy manba bo‘lib xizmat qiladi.
Shuningdek, klinik protokollarni takomillashtirish, dalillarga asoslangan tibbiyot tamoyillarini amaliyotga tatbiq etish, yangi dori vositalari va terapevtik yondashuvlarning afzalliklari hamda multidisiplinar hamkorlikning ahamiyatiga alohida e’tibor qaratiladi. Anjuman materiallari shifokorlar, ilmiy xodimlar, magistrantlar va tibbiyot oliy ta’lim muassasalari talabalari uchun nazariy va amaliy jihatdan muhim ilmiy manba bo‘lib xizmat qiladi.
